Bursfelde Monastery

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Romanesque double church of the former Benedictine abbey Bursfelde
Western front of the abbey church
Interior of the Eastern Church
Interior of the western church
Archangel Michael, fresco under the gallery in the western church
Fresco in the chancel of the western church

The Bursfelde Monastery is a former Benedictine abbey in Bursfelde , a district of Hann. Münden in the district of Göttingen , Lower Saxony . Monastery church and monastery of about 300 hectares belong to that of the Klosterkammer Hannover managed general Hanover monastery funds. The legal sponsor of the Bursfelde Monastery Spiritual Center is the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Hanover .

Surname

The most recent research in connection with the Lower Saxony place-name book has led to the result that the name refers to the exposed location of the settlement and means something like "a field lying at an angle".

history

Founding of the monastery by the 14th century

The Bursfelde Monastery was founded as a Benedictine abbey in 1093 by Count Heinrich the Fat or the Rich (double meaning of Crassus) of Northeim as a burial place and place of prayer remembrance (memoria) for the Northeim count family with the participation of the responsible Archbishop Ruthard of Mainz and with monks of the nearby Corvey Monastery . There the Northeim counts held the bailiwick , which means that it was within their zone of influence and that there is a close connection between the two monasteries. In an era of monastic and church renewal movements, it was already based on the ideas of the monastery reform of Cluny and Hirsau ("New Clunyazenser"). In the Bursfelde Monastery, these monks were supposed to take care of their souls by celebrating holy masses in memory of the founders. When the monastery was founded, Heinrich von Northeim's dynastic interests were connected with the church reform tendencies.

Erected on the Miminde estate, which Heinrich had acquired from Albert von Gieselwerder , the monastery is located at the point where the Nieme flows into the Weser . The nearby Bramburg , built by Otto von Northeim (Heinrich's father), served as protection for the monastery. In accordance with the objectives of the monastery reform, Bursfelde was granted free election as abbot with the support of Archbishop Ruthard of Mainz , but not free election as bailiff; these were reserved by the Counts of Northeim themselves ("hereditary founding governor" / "founder governor"). Thus there was no political freedom, as one was dependent on the legal and military support of the Vogt. According to Hans-Walter Krumwiede, the granting of market and coinage rights to the monastery indicates the importance of the expansion of Heinrich von Northeim's territorial power.

On the other hand, the economic importance must be put into perspective, since the focus of work in the Benedictine monastery was not on handicrafts and agriculture, but instead, according to Krumwiede, placed science and teaching in the foreground. In 1101 the founder was slain in Friesland and buried on April 10 in the founding building, which later became the western church. His wife Gertrud the Younger of Braunschweig founded the St. Aegidien Monastery in Braunschweig in 1115 , which was subordinate to the Abbot of Bursfelde and thus has a close relationship with Bursfelde. Heinrich's daughter Richenza , whose husband Lothar von Supplingenburg later became Emperor Lothar III. had the large east choir built after 1135. According to Krumwiede, this clearly shows a need for greater representativeness of the Northeim family monastery.

In 1144 the Bursfelde Abbey became the property of Heinrich the Lion , Duke of Saxony (1139) and later also of Bavaria (1156), after Siegfried IV , a grandson of Otto von Northeim, died without male heirs. Henry the Lion confirmed the rights of the monastery after submitting a forged deed of foundation. Due to the lack of heirs in the count family of Northeim, the legacy of the County of Northeim, and thus also the Bursfelde monastery, fell to the Guelphs. Henry the Lion restricted his rule over the monastery to patronage and jurisdiction.

The fact that he did not derive any further power-political benefit from this legacy is due to the declining importance of the Benedictine reform movement in general and of the Bursfelde monastery in particular. After the investiture controversy had ended, the Benedictine reform movement had passed its zenith. The growing Cistercian order became popular during this time and “outstripped” the Benedictine order. The Cistercian monks distinguished themselves through an extremely ascetic way of life compared to the Benedictines. Later there was also further competition from mendicant orders. Nonetheless, around 1200 the monastery owned large estates with 14 farms, which were, however, widely scattered: from southern Hanover to Braunschweig, via western Thuringia to the area of ​​Erfurt, via northern Hesse to south of Kassel and to Westphalia to near Osnabrück. The focus was on the area around Bursfelde. Most of the land was managed by Fronhofsverband; only the Gut Bursfelde was specially managed.

Little is known from the period from 1150 to around 1430. Towards the end of the 12th century there was probably an abbot vacancy, which, however, cannot be proven. A plan to relocate the monastery to another location also remains vacant. In Bursfelde, according to the type of the aristocratic monastery, mainly members of the noble families von Stockhausen , von Bodenhausen , von Uslar etc. from the surrounding area were accepted. The admission of two Göttingen people from a wealthy middle-class family can also be verified at the beginning of the 14th century. The decline of the Bursfelde monastery reached so far that only four monks are mentioned in Bursfelde in 1398. From 1402 until the beginning of the Bursfeld reform , there was even no documentary evidence whatsoever, which points to the far-reaching insignificance of the monastery.

Period of the Bursfeld reform movement 1433–1542

After this decline of the monastery and the whole order, the height of the plague epidemic in the middle of the 14th century and the western schism (1378-1417), the reform councils of Constance (1414-1418) and Basel (1431-1449) should be the starting point set a new piety ( devotio moderna ). This was also followed by Benedictine reform movements, the centers of which were on “German” territory in Bursfelde, Melk ad Donau and Kastl in the Upper Palatinate.

In Bursfelde this process begins with the abbot Johannes Dederoth and the Bursfeld congregation from 1443. This one from Hann. Benedictine monks from Münden came into contact during a stay in Rome with the reform movement ( Cassinese Congregation ) that began with Ludovico Barbo and transformed the Bursfelde monastery into a reform abbey. While he was simultaneously abbot of Bursfelde and the monastery of Clus , from 1435 also abbot of Reinhausen near Göttingen, he represents the starting point for the Benedictine reform in northern Germany. After Dederoth died of the plague in 1439, it came under his successor Johannes von Hagen († 1469) to a union initially between Bursfelde, Clus, Reinhausen and Huysburg , for which he applied for a common liturgical order (liber ordinarius) at the Basel Council according to Dederoth's plan in 1445. The President of the Basel Council , Cardinal Legate Ludwig d'Allemand, approved this proposal in a bull in 1446. The constitution of the Bursfeld Congregation was recorded with its own chapters under the presidency of the Abbot of Bursfelde and its own visitors.

From this point on, the abbots in Bursfelde were presidents of the chapters for life. According to Krumwiede, this results in excessive demands on the abbots from the multitude of obligations, which is made clear in the request of 1582 that the chapter should release their abbot from the presidency of the congregation for a while. Between 1458 and 1530 a total of 68 general chapters of the Bursfeld Congregation took place, of which only eleven took place in Bursfelde itself. This was due to an effort to find more central locations for the chapters.

The Bursfelde Monastery did not expand much during this period. One reason for this was the repeated sending of small monk colonies to other smaller Benedictine monasteries. The main focus of the work of the Bursfelde Abbey was ultimately on processes within the monastery and the order. Outwardly, the first thing to be mentioned is the establishment and work on the monastery library, for which books were written, copied and collected.

Bursfelde since the Reformation

Bursfelde Monastery ( Bürsfeld ) after Matthäus Merian , around 1654–1658

The criticism of monastic life by the Reformation movement in the 16th century initially led to a complete reticence and resistance to evangelical sermons. As early as 1518 there was a demand for the reproof of the supporters of the Reformation movement by the General Chapter for the first time. In 1525 the chapter had to be canceled because of the Peasant Wars, and in 1529 the first statement was made to reject this doctrine.

A turning point in this relationship was reached in 1540 when the evangelical Duchess Elisabeth von Calenberg-Göttingen took over the rule for her underage son Erich II . In 1542/43 she carried out a major church and monastery visitation with her Protestant state superintendent Antonius Corvinus , during which the redesign of all monasteries in Calenberg-Göttingen was to be checked according to the Protestant monastery order. Thus the Bursfelde monastery also became Protestant. Johann Rappe, who had been Abbot Bursfeldes and thus President of the Congregation since 1539, only remained President from 1542 onwards. Furthermore, the admission of novices was prohibited.

The situation in Bursfelde was reversed when Erich came to power, because he again became Catholic. The black horse, who was still in charge of the abbey, then reversed Bursfeld's Reformation. After the death of Erich II , the Duchy of Calenberg-Göttingen fell to Duke Julius von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , one of the most important Protestant princes of Lower Saxony in the 16th century. After a visitation, Bursfelde accordingly became Protestant again. When he was sworn in, Abbot Johannes Pumme even had to renounce Catholicism. With the Peace of Westphalia (1648) the monastery finally became Protestant.

Under Abbot David Denicke (1640–1679) the time of the Protestant prelature began under the Protestant sovereign monastery regiment. While Denicke was in office, Bursfelde came to the Hanover Monastery Fund and is still under the monastery chamber of Hanover to this day . Furthermore he was the last conventual abbot of Bursfeld. He himself no longer even resided in the monastery and thus already propagated the separation of the abbot from everyday life in the monastery. The abbot title was awarded to deserving officials after his death.

Since 1828, the title of abbot has been given as an honorary title to the holder of the professorship in theology at the University of Göttingen , who then has a small apartment and a neutral room for discussions. The monastery is an evangelical prelature , but no monks live in it anymore. Until 1931 the abbots were extremely passive. According to Lothar Perlitt , they “did not care about Bursfelde in any discernible way”. Abbot Carl Stange (1870–1959) was the first to draw practical conclusions from his official dignity and initiate the tradition of the “Bursfeld Ascension Meeting of the University”. In 1955 the state church law issues of the office of the abbot of Bursfelde were regulated in the Lower Saxony Church Treaty (Loccumer Treaty) . In this it says:

"The Bursfelde Prelature is appointed by the competent authority of the Evangelical Lutheran Church (the Church Senate) from the circle of full professors of the theological faculty of the University of Göttingen" (§ 21, Paragraph 3).

Furthermore, there are no fixed official duties, but there are pulpit rights in Bursfelde and the general rights and duties of an ordained clergyman.

Deed of incorporation

Ruthard certificate and confirmation certificate

From the founding of the monastery only a forged deed of foundation has been preserved, which confirmed the monastery’s rights as a replacement for a deed that no longer exists. This is the so-called Ruthard document, issued in the name of Archbishop Ruthard von Mainz on July 15, 1093, the creation of which Luntowski dates to the last third of the 12th century. There is also a confirmation document from Archbishop Heinrich I of Mainz about the establishment of June 19, 1144, which is considered to be unequivocally genuine. It serves as a detailed source for the Bursfeldes Foundation, which was founded on June 12, 1093, when Heinrich IV. Emperor and Ruthard were Archbishop of Mainz.

It is interesting that the deed of incorporation and the deed of confirmation largely match verbatim. The letter shapes were also partially repainted. However, there are considerable differences in the listing of the monastery's possessions and rights. The confirmation certificate served as a model for the context and typeface, while an Adalbert certificate (oldest diploma of the monastery) was used for the seal and the entry protocol.

Since confirmation documents usually adopt the wording of the previous documents, the forged Ruthard document indirectly reverts to its original, whereby the differences between the confirmation document and the forged Ruthard document represent the deviation from the original: To the brothers Heinrich dem Fetten and Siegfried III. von Boyneburg is also named as the founder of their brother Kuno von Beichlingen . In the Ruthard forgery, in contrast to the confirmation document, a donated farm and 37 donated villages were added. In addition, the monastery is granted more privileges in the forgery. Among them is the bailiwick pass, in which the monastery is granted more rights over the bailiff and the heirs of the founders are guaranteed the right to the bailiwick. Furthermore, the Archbishop of Mainz is granted the right to baptize in the monastery , to celebrate funerals, to visit the sick and to accept oblations. Luntowski notes that the forgery may also be a copy of the founding privilege.

The added goods are to be explained by subsequent foundations by Heinrich and his wife Gertrud and later acquisitions by the monastery, which were in the monastery’s possession at the time of the forgery and were confirmed by the forged deed of foundation. The Vogteipassus also represents an extension in favor of the monastery. However, this seems to confirm existing rights of the monastery. In a document from Heinrich the Lion dated July 23, 1144 to Archbishop Heinrich von Mainz, it is said that these rights were established by his great-grandfather, Heinrich the Fetten, when it was founded.

The privilege of Eugen III.

The privilege of Pope Eugen III. is a falsified papal protection privilege, dated January 9, 1152, to safeguard further rights, above all to protect monastery property. After abbot Nithard von Bursfelde's complaints about the fragmentation of the Bursfeld property, Pope Eugene reacted with this protective privilege: Without the consent of the convention, the abbot Bursfeldes is therefore not allowed to sell property of the monastery. In addition, all possessions and rights of the monastery are named and thus confirmed in the deed. These possessions and rights of the monastery are also placed under the protection of the Pope. The archbishops and bishops who hold the monastery's property should, under threat of punishment, ensure that the monastery’s rights and property are preserved. This may reveal the lack of support from the bishops at the time of the forgery of the document, which this prominent addition is intended to counteract.

According to Luntowski, the submission of this document was the bogus Ruthard document, the receipt of which was partially reproduced exactly. This results in the relationship of dependency: Confirmation certificate - Ruthard privilege - Eugen privilege.

Monastery library

In the period between the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War, the holdings of the considerable Bursfelde monastery library were divided into several funds and then destroyed or widely dispersed. The largest part is in the Marburg University Library . He got there via the Corvey monastery library, which was closed in 1812 . Other parts reached the Archbishop's Academic Library Paderborn (EAB) and the diocese archive in Trier via Corvey . What is disputed is when and how parts of the library got to Corvey after the introduction of the Reformation in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Calenberg-Grubenhagen. The dates discussed are between 1585 and 1588 and between 1629 and 1635. What is certain, however, is that the library remained undiminished until 1585. This is evidenced by a monastery inventory made at the time. Other libraries with prints and manuscripts from Bursfelde:

Abbots

(Year of appointment) / (term of office as abbot)

Bursfelde today - monastery life

Spiritual Center Bursfelde Monastery

The Spiritual Center has been offering year-round offers for full-time and voluntary church employees since 1978. The Spiritual Center is integrated as a work area of ​​Faculty 2 in the House of Church Services of the Regional Church of Hanover. The offers are designed by employees of the Missionary Service in the House of Church Services and other speakers. The spiritual center includes the conference center and the area of ​​contemplation and silence.

manor

The church district of Münden rents the baroque manor house of the monastery for a symbolic fee from the monastery chamber. It is used as the “Bursfelde Monastery Conference Center”, in which mainly church work is carried out with young adults and conferences of the University of Göttingen take place. In 1990/90 the building was renovated and modernized. It also has 36 beds.

Monastery church

The monastery church is open to visitors all year round from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. and is currently appealing to church and art lovers. It is also used by a small Protestant community. An evening prayer has been held every evening at 6 p.m. in the Eastern Church since the 1970s. In addition, a sacrament service is celebrated on the first Sunday of each month at 11 a.m. The “Bursfeld Summer Concerts” take place in the West Church, which have been organized by the Mündener Kulturring and the Münden Church District since 1971. Choral and chamber music are performed here. Traditionally, on Ascension Day, there is a university service followed by a lecture in the Bursfelde Monastery. This is intended to tie in with the Benedictine tradition of connecting prayer and study. The lecture is usually given by a professor from Göttingen who usually works in a non-theological research area. The lectures have been published since 1982 as part of the Bursfeld University Speeches series by Verlag Göttinger Tageblatt.

In the tower hangs one of the bells of the Königsberg Cathedral , the sound of which Immanuel Kant heard. The old hour bell weighs 100 kg and was found in the Hamburg bell cemetery in 1952 and brought to Bursfelde. The bell that still rings today bears the inscription D ET Joh An Do MCCCCLXX G da / Jochim GryTTE - it was cast in Gdansk in 1470.

To mark the 900th anniversary of the monastery, a special stamp was issued by the Deutsche Bundespost in 1993 with images of the monastery churches of Bursfelde and Maria Laach . The Maria Laach Monastery, also founded in 1093, has been closely linked to the Bursfelde Monastery ( Bursfeld Union ) since the Reformation .

Monastery building

Of the monastery buildings, the Romanesque monastery church of St. Thomas and Nikolaus is primarily preserved, divided into an east and a west church with their towers facing the Weser, built in the historicizing style in the 19th century. The interior of the western church contains wall paintings from the 15th century. Worship services are held regularly in the Eastern Church. To the south of it is a “room of rest”, in which you can light a candle and pray in peace. Originally the church was a columned basilica with seven arcades , transept , choir square and a right-angled apse . The eastern part was rebuilt in 1135 and a western part was added, in which you can still see herringbone masonry in the area of ​​the northern wall. From the end of the 11th century, the arcade zone in the western part of the church was structured according to the Hirsau choir scheme and designed with columns and pillars on high plinths that were replaced four times. The eastern part later experienced a similar shape. The fighter panels have a checkerboard pattern, and later paintings can be seen on the signs of the cube capitals . Above the arcades on both sides of the church are frescoes from the 15th century, which consist of large figures of saints and are separated from each other by ornamental fields. In the 19th century, the apses of the church were redesigned; they used to form a rectangular choir, as can still be seen today from the ashlar on the outside. The Romanesque red and white striped windows were also redesigned, but already in the times of the late Middle Ages. At that time these were changed to pointed arch windows . Further interventions in the design of the church took place after the foundation of the Bursfeld congregation.

literature

  • Heinrich Finke: The Papal Documents of Westphalia. Münster 1888, document no. 95, pp. 32–34.
  • Anja Freckmann: The library of the Bursfelde monastery in the late Middle Ages. Göttingen 2006 (also the review by Christine Kleinjung In: sehepunkte . 8 (2008), No. 5 from May 15, 2008).
  • Hermann Herbst : The Benedictine monastery Klus near Gandersheim and the Bursfeld reform. Teubner, Leipzig & Berlin 1932, Reprint 1973, ISBN 3-8067-0147-4 .
  • Nicolaus Heutger: Bursfelde and its reform monasteries. 2nd ext. Edition. August Lax, Hildesheim 1975.
  • Thomas Kaufmann , Rüdiger Krause (ed.): 925 years of Bursfelde Monastery. 40 years of the Bursfelde Monastery Spiritual Center. Wallstein, Göttingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-8353-3829-6 .
  • Gustav Luntowski: On the constitutional and economic history of the former Benedictine abbey Bursfelde in the Middle Ages. Dissertation. Berlin 1954.
  • Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), pp. 154-181.
  • Lothar Perlitt : professors of the theological faculty in Göttingen as abbots of Bursfelde. In: Yearbook of the Society for Lower Saxony Church History. 82: 261-314 (1984) and 83: 7-25 (1985).
  • Lothar Perlitt: 900 years of Bursfelde Monastery. Speeches and lectures on the anniversary 1993, Göttingen 1994.
  • Lothar Perlitt: The relationships between the University of Göttingen and the Bursfelde Monastery , In: News from the University of Göttingen Vol. 58 (1993), pp. 39-49.
  • Lothar Perlitt (ed.): Bursfelde Monastery . 10th edition. Göttinger Tageblatt Buchverlag, Göttingen 2008.
  • Joachim Ringleben , Klaus Dettke: Spiritual Center Monastery Bursfelde , in: Evangelical Monasteries in Lower Saxony, ed. von der Klosterkammer Niedersachsen, 2008, pp. 115–123.
  • Hermann Schmidt: On the building history of the Benedictine monastery BURSFELDE. in: Northeimer Heimatblätter. Northeim 1961.
  • Carl-Christian Sumpf: monastery guide Bursfelde. Series III (Bursfelde), issue 3 of the articles on home care in southern Lower Saxony, Hann. Münden 2001.
  • Walter Ziegler: Bursfelde . In: Ulrich Faust (ed.): The Benedictine monasteries in Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and Bremen. St. Otilien 1979, pp. 80-100. (= Germania Benedictina VI)
  • Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The Bursfelde Monastery , pp. 93-94, in: If stones could talk , Volume III, Landbuch-Verlag, Hanover 1995, ISBN 3-7842-0515-1 .

to the name:

  • Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph: The place names of the district of Göttingen. In: Lower Saxony Local Name Book IV. Bielefeld 2003, pp. 81–83. (= Publications by the Institute for Historical Research at the University of Göttingen 44)

Web links

Commons : Bursfelde Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kloster-bursfelde.de
  2. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 9.
  3. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 11.
  4. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 12.
  5. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 14.
  6. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 14.
  7. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 15.
  8. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 15.
  9. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6. ufl., Göttingen 1996, p. 16.
  10. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 17.
  11. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 18.
  12. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 18 f.
  13. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 20.
  14. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 20 f.
  15. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 22.
  16. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 22.
  17. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 23.
  18. Hans-Walter Krumwiede: The history of the Bursfelde monastery. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 23 f.
  19. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 7.
  20. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 7 f.
  21. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 7 f.
  22. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), p. 158.
  23. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), pp. 158-160.
  24. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), p. 161 f.
  25. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), p. 163.
  26. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), p. 170 f.
  27. Gustav Luntowski: The Bursfeld forgery of documents of the 12th century. In: Archives for Diplomatics. Vol. 5/6 (1959/60), p. 176.
  28. ^ Anja Freckmann: The library of the Bursfelde monastery in the late Middle Ages , Göttingen 2006, p. 20.
  29. ^ Anja Freckmann: The library of the Bursfelde monastery in the late Middle Ages , Göttingen 2006, p. 21.
  30. ^ Editor Wilhelm Görges: Patriotic history and memorabilia of prehistoric times .... the country of Braunschweig and Hanover. Braunschweig 1845, page 140
  31. ^ Otto Mejer:  Rudloff, Wilhelm August . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 29, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 473-477.
  32. Archived copy ( memento of the original from November 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kirchliche-dienste.de
  33. See ibid., P. 6.
  34. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 5.
  35. See archived copy ( memento of the original dated February 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Accessed March 5, 2012). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kloster-bursfelde.de
  36. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 6.
  37. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 8.
  38. Lothar Perlitt: Bursfelde today. In: Lothar Perlitt (Ed.): Bursfelde Monastery. 6th edition, Göttingen 1996, p. 5.
  39. ^ Sven Schütte: Bursfelde Monastery Church . In: Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany. City and district of Göttingen . tape 17 . Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-8062-0544-2 , p. 170 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 32 ′ 30 ″  N , 9 ° 37 ′ 29 ″  E