Mettlach Abbey

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The founding of Mettlach Abbey by Lutwinus, mosaic in the Lutwinus church
Rose coat of arms of Abbot Heinrich I (Henri) Lejeune, who held office from 1734 to 1751; since 1976 the coat of arms of the municipality of Mettlach

The Abbey of St. Peter and Mary in Mettlach was a Benedictine monastery founded towards the end of the 7th century . The most important immediate neighboring abbeys were Busendorf , St. Avold , Glandern , Weiler-Bettnach , Fraulautern , Tholey , St. Arnual and Hornbach . The neighboring intellectual centers were Trier and Metz . The monastery building, abandoned during the French Revolution , now houses the headquarters of the Villeroy & Boch company .

history

middle Ages

founding

Old tower , remnants of the former monastery church of St. Peter and Mary

At the end of the 7th century, the Franconian - Austrasian nobleman Liutwin / Lutwinus founded the Abbey of St. Peter and Maria on a flood-free lower terrace of the Saar (approx. 164 m above sea ​​level ) in today's Mettlach and entered the monastery himself, which is subject to the Benedictine rule was. The legendary tradition from the 11th century tells that Liutwin / Lutwinus found himself on the hunt with a servant. He fell asleep exhausted on a rock high above the Saar in the blazing midday heat. An eagle is said to have hovered in the air above Lutwinus with wide wings, giving him shade from the scorching sun. When Lutwinus woke up, the eagle had flown away. The servant who saw this told his master. Lutwinus interpreted the incident as a heavenly sign that the monastery, which he had been planning to found for a long time, was now to be built here on the Saar. At the place of the legendary miracle, several chapels were later built one after the other. The current neo-Romanesque Lutwinus Chapel in Mettlach dates from 1892.

The place where the monastery was founded was characterized by a sheltered valley location, where the steep mountain slopes keep the north and east winds off. The plateaus are well suited for agriculture and the medieval metropolis of Trier was only a day's journey away.

Personal union with the Archdiocese of Trier

When Liutwin later became Bishop of Trier (697-715) (also Reims (717) and Laon ), it was over several centuries, until the 10th century, that the Trier bishop's seat and the management of the abbey were held in personal union were. While the Archbishop of Trier officially served as abbot of Mettlach Abbey, the monastery was headed by a provost on site .

There is nothing left of the monastery building, which was founded at the end of the 7th century, of the various churches only the old tower , which was built as a double chapel about 300 years after the monastery was founded and was rebuilt several times in the following years. After its construction in the 10th century, the body of the monastery founder Liutwin / Lutwinus was buried in the old tower. The garden area of ​​the monastery with its artificially created fish pond, the Langweiher, fed by the Moselle stream has been preserved in a redesigned form.

After Liutwin's death, his son Milo took over the management of the dioceses of Reims and Trier. Like his father, Milo was loyal to the Carolingian dynasty , to which they were related. Presumably Milo's sister Chrodtrud was the grandmother of Charlemagne . Milo, however, did not correspond to the ideas of the Anglo-Saxon missionaries of the life and administration of a bishop. Milo provided his sons with church property from Reims. Boniface rebuked Milos several times. Nevertheless, Milo was able to keep himself on the Trier bishop's cathedra under Karl Martell as well as under his sons Karlmann and Pippin the Younger . Significantly, Milo died in a hunting accident in the Meulenwald near Trier-Ehrang around the year 760.

Presumably because of the close connection between Karl Martell and the Liutwin family, the Mettlach Abbey was involved in the Carolingian dynasty's efforts to acquire goods at the expense of the church. In order to have professional warriors ready for action at all times to cope with domestic and foreign policy problems, Karl Martell furnished them with church property. The Mettlach Abbey also belonged to this church property. Only after the Carolingian dynasty had consolidated in the Franconian Empire, the Mettlach Abbey was returned to the Diocese of Trier by Charlemagne.

Mettlach monastery

The monastery town of Mettlach was small and housed the monastery servants. Only three small development cores at the Saar ferry pier, on the way to Britten in today's Heinertstraße and on today's Bahnhofstraße and Saaruferstraße form the nucleus of today's local development in Mettlach. This situation hardly changed until the industrialization of Mettlach by the ceramic industry. Around 1800, Mettlach, together with the village of Keuchingen on the opposite side of the Saar, only had about 350 inhabitants. Keuchingen itself consisted of two settlement cores until the 19th century, the houses on the banks of the Saar, where fishermen, raftsmen and ferrymen lived with their families, and the rural settlement on Kobersberg. The Mettlach village cemetery was located on the steep slope south of the monastery, as it is today.

Already in the years 757/768 Lantbert, probably a relative of Liutwin and ancestor of the Guidonen , brought the Mettlach monastery into his possession. Probably in the year 782, King Charlemagne then rejected the derived claims of Lantbert's sons, including Guido von Nantes , on Mettlach. After that, the Carolingians still exercised royal rights in Mettlach in the 9th century , especially Emperor Lothar I , who at the beginning of his rule put the later Count Guido von Spoleto , Guido's grandson of Nantes, into possession of the monastery. After the end of the Carolingian ruling house, the Mettlach Abbey was then an own monastery of the diocese.

End of the personal union

The personal union ended when Bishop Ruotbert von Trier (931–956) granted the monastery free election as abbot. It was also Ruotbert who diverted a Pentecostal procession from the southeast of the diocese to Mettlach , which had previously been directed towards the Trier Cathedral , thus establishing the tradition of Mettlach as a place of pilgrimage.

Around the year 990 Abbot Lioffin (987–993) built a St. Mary's Church as the founder's grave church. This octagon- shaped church , modeled on the Aachen Cathedral , is known today as the Old Tower and is the oldest preserved sacred building in the Saarland. The Romanesque building and a cross relic acquired in the 1220s are evidence of the importance of the abbey in the Middle Ages. In addition, it is above all the writings from Mettlach in the areas of hagiography and homiletics (doctrine of preaching), as well as the correspondence with Gerbert von Aurillac , who later became Pope Silvester II, that testify to Mettlach's position at this time.

Previously owned

With regard to the research into the early possessions of Mettlach Abbey, difficulties arise particularly from the fact that the management of the monastery and the diocese were linked in personal union. Since the monastery property was only separated from the diocese property in the middle of the 10th century, shifts in the ownership structure can be assumed. The basic property was probably the area around Mettlach with the later deserted settlements on the ridge within the Saar loop. Keuchingen was only later acquired by the monastery. The rights of the monastery with regard to the places Nohn , Büschdorf , Wehingen , Tünsdorf , Rech and Hilringen suggest that Mettlach originally had a closed territory in this area. The basic rule of Wadern with a church and tithes in ten villages as well as in Losheim should also be counted as part of Liutwin's basic equipment . Roden was only added towards the end of the 10th century through a gift from Berta, the widow of Count Folmar von Metz.

Joined the Bursfeld Congregation

In 1468 the abbey joined the Bursfeld congregation under Abbot Arnold de Clivis and formally remained in this monastery association until its dissolution in 1802.

The abbey's heyday was in the first four centuries of its existence. Two high phases can be identified: On the one hand, the time of the foundation and promotion by Liutwin and, on the other hand, the time after the free election of abbots was granted in the 10th and 11th centuries.

Modern times

Construction of the baroque abbey building

Mettlach, baroque abbey building

In the 18th century the late Baroque abbey building was erected by the master builder of the Wadgassen Abbey , the Ebernburg- born Johann Bernhard Trabucco (1685–1745), and the Saxon master builder Christian Kretzschmar (* around 1700, † 1768). After the medieval enclosure , fragments of which have been preserved, was broken off in 1728 under Abbot Ferdinand von Koeler († 1734), the baroque abbey buildings began. On the gables of the courtyard wings, in addition to the corresponding abbot coats of arms, there are the dates 1737 and 1771. The decisive design work lies with Christian Kretschmar, whose death in 1768 the new building was not yet completed. The construction of the abbey on the lower terrace of the Saar continued according to Kretzschmar's design until it came to a standstill in 1780.

The facade, largely made of local red sandstone , is 112 m long. The three risalites are three-axis, their reserves nine-axis each. The facade structure is divided into two floors, which were designed with equal effort. The monumental structure through mighty pilasters , over which the strongly profiled roof cornice is cranked, visually dominates the banks of the Saar. The corner projections are accentuated by segmented gables and lucarens in the mansard hipped roof . The central risalit built in lighter sandstone is structured to characterize the facade. Here, inclined, coupled columns flank the arched portal axis with its rich balcony above. Behind this balcony, the wall framed by coupled pilasters swings back in a powerful countermovement. This motif continues in the eaves, the gable field and the blown beams. With the agitation of the forms, the abundance of ideas and the wealth of ornamentation, this central elevation is one of the most important creations of the German Baroque . Of the planned large courtyards, only the square cloister was partially implemented. Only half of the main courtyard, which is 102 m deep and 50 m wide, was built.

Inside, some rooms are still preserved in their original form: The refectory on the ground floor of the south wing has a magnificent stucco ceiling on heavy consoles. The abbot's hall on the ground floor of the north wing is equipped with a magnificent sandstone fireplace. The hall is also adorned with a coat of arms and a graceful vaulted keystone with three putti. Both rooms were restored after the severe fire of 1921 and after severe damage in the Second World War . After the fire of 1921, some of the window keystones with grotesque masks were also replaced. Their originals have since been placed in the abbey garden. In connection with the new building of the abbey by the Saxon master builder Christian Kretzschmar, at the southern end of the complex, the front also to the Saar, a new monastery church was to be built, the head of which would have been the eastern part of the "old tower". The single-nave and cross-shaped sacred building would have reached a length of 57 m and a height of 15.50 m. In its facade design it would have been equivalent to the Paulinus Church in Trier .

Abolition of the monastery and industrial use

  • Lithograph of the former abbey in 1863, the old tower on the right

  • Former abbey, today the administration building of Villeroy & Boch

  • Old abbey after the fire on August 13, 1921

  • Inner courtyard of the Old Abbey after the fire on August 13, 1921

The French Revolution, but above all the First Coalition War from 1792, marked the end of the Mettlach Monastery. In the years 1793/1794 the monks fled. The traditional monastery was finally abandoned in 1802. The current abbey buildings, which date from the 18th century, were declared French national property in 1802 in the course of secularization . Afterwards the entire property was sold to the paper manufacturer Leistenschneider from Trier . In 1809 Jean-François Boch , who belonged to the third generation of the Bochs, acquired the badly damaged building from him and repaired it. He had it partially converted into a factory. The building still houses the headquarters of Villeroy & Boch today. On August 13, 1921, the buildings were badly damaged by a major fire and then restored.

Abbey possessions

According to the biographies of the founder of the Mettlach monastery, Lutwinus, written in the 10th and 11th centuries, he secured a rich economic base for his monastery. The initial foundation is said to have comprised 64,000 acres ("mille mansos"). Other donations were made over the centuries. Mettlach Abbey owned properties, farms, churches and patronage rights .

In the course of its existence, the monastery owned the following localities or the Abei had ownership rights in the following localities:

  • Mettlach with Keuchingen, Hockshaus, St. Gangolf, Stalle, Berge, Besseringen, Ponten / Nierdorf, Dreisbach, Saarhölzbach, Laudeinswald, Weiten
  • Faha, Obertünsdorf / Kirchdorf, Untertünsdorf, Wehingen, Bundendele (Bethingen?), Nohn, Scheuerhof
  • Eft, Hellendorf, Büschdorf, Keßlingen, Sinz, Berg bei Nennig, Beuren, Bilzingen
  • Wellingen, Büdingen, Weiler, Schwemlingen, Federfels, Rech, Hilringen, Waldwies, Biringen, Hemmersdorf, Him
  • Roden (since 995), Dillingen (since 1262), sale of the villages in 1591 to the Wallerfanger rentmaster Lautwein Bockenheimer
  • Merzig, Merchingen, Bietzen
  • Reimsbach, Oppen, Geisweilerhof, Hargarten, Erbaren, Hausstadt, Düppenweiler
  • Losheim, Niederlosheim, Rimlingen, Bergen, Scheiden, Waldhölzbach, Zwalbach, Rappweiler, Mitlosheim, Bachem, Britten, Thailen
  • Wadern, Noswendel, Roth, Gehweiler, Oberlöstern, Niederlöstern, Bardenbach, Ludenbach
  • Göttschied, Hintertiefenbach, Regulshausen, Gerach, Hoewiller, Ritzenberch,
  • Zell an der Mosel, Kaimt, Merl, Pünderich, Burg, Lötzbeuren
  • Piesport, Müstert, Krames, Rivenich, Salmrohr, Niederemmel, Wintrich, Riol
  • Johanneshof in Trier, Mötsch, Alsdorf near Bitburg, Olk
  • Wiltingen, Niedermennig
  • Udern / Oudrenne, Lemmersdorf, Breisdorf, Dodenhofen, Kleinhettingen, Montenach, Hüntingen, Frechingen, Bidlingen, Kirsch
  • Valmünster near Busendorf, Wilvingen, Remelfangen, Hollingen, Bickingen, Bettingen / Bettange, Eblingen / Eblange, Diedingen / Diding
  • Amélécourt, Château-Salins, Coutures, Vic-sur-Seille
  • Tincry, Prévocourt with Ménil
  • Vahl, Bensdorf / Bénestroff, Marimont
  • Damvillers, Etraye, Ornes, Xivry-Circourt, Reiningen near Metzerwies, Geldingen / Guélange

Mettlach Abbey had the following churches and chapels:

Losheim, Bergen, Wadern, St. Gangolf, Mettlach (St. Dionysius), Diefflen (St. Wendelin), Reimsbach, Udern, Coutures, Amélécourt, Vahl, Valmünster, Reiningen, Damvillers

At Meierhöfen ("Villae") the abbey owned: Losheim, Bergen, Wadern, St. Gangolf, Roden, Besseringen, Keuchingen, Mettlach, Müstert, Piesport, Niedermennig, Wiltingen, Merzig, Hilhaben, Biringen, Reimsbach, Untertünsdorf / Neirdorf, Obertünsdorf / Oirdorf, Wehingen, Büschdorf, Federfels-Schwemlingen, Coutures, Tincry, Vimers (Vic-sur-Seille?), Amélécourt, Vahl, Bidlingen near Hackenberg, Lemmersdorf

Mettlach Abbey owned farms in the following locations: Burg, Zell, Pünderich, Merl, Sintzich, Wellingen, Eft, Rech

Abbey churches

Dionysius Church

Before the monastery was built, Lutwinus built the Dionysius Church in the 8th century. It was consecrated to St. Dionysius of Paris and probably stood where the portal of the Old Abbey now rises. The church, which was last mentioned in a document in 1664, functioned as the center of the Lutwinus pilgrimage until the turn of the first millennium. This church underwent a restoration of the roof structure in 1664, with a new altar being erected. On the occasion of the new Baroque building of the Mettlach Abbey, the church was demolished in 1722.

Johanneskirche

In the 12th century a church with the patronage of St. John the Baptist was built outside the monastery area on the southern mountain slope ("G'hansoht") as the parish church "St. Johannes bei Mettlach ”. The Dionysius Church in Mettlach was rededicated as a chapel. Due to dilapidation, the Johanneskirche was demolished in 1769/1770.

Old Tower (Lutwinus Church I)

Abbot Lioffin (until 993) built the octagon that still exists today to the right of today's former abbey building as St. Mary's Church. It housed the burial place of St. Lutwinus and took over his patronage at the end of the 11th century. The so-called "Old Tower" with its Gothic porch served the community of Mettlach as a parish church from 1770 to 1794.

St. Peter's Abbey Church

Mettlach Abbey, reconstruction of the possible appearance of the abbey church with the old tower in the 18th century based on the floor plan by Johann Christian Lager (1875); The dotted lines in front of the church tower show the layout of the planned baroque church

The three-aisled Romanesque church from the 10th century, originally only consecrated to St. Peter , had to accommodate the parish of the demolished St. John's Church at the beginning of 1790 on instructions from Trier. The Dionysius altar of the old tower was assigned to her. After the abbey church was demolished by the owners of the newly founded Mettlach ceramics factory in 1819, the refectory of the former abbey was rededicated as the parish church service area. With the approval for the demolition of St. Peter's Church, however, the construction of a new parish church was contractually agreed.

Churches after the abbey was abolished

Lutwinus Church II

Mosaic representation of the Cohausen Church (right) in the arched area of ​​the neo-Romanesque Lutwinus Church

Johann Franz Boch-Buschmann ( Jean-François Boch ) commissioned Karl August von Cohausen (1812–1894), who had entered his service as a builder in 1840, to build the promised church. According to his plans, the foundation stone for the construction of a high rectangular hall in the form of the round arch style was laid on September 24, 1842 in the “Shepherd's Garden” on the lower slope of the Mettlacher Gorichkopf . The church was consecrated on May 13, 1847, Ascension Day , by the Trier Bishop Wilhelm Arnoldi . The Mettlacher Church was then a subsidiary of the Church of St. Gangolf. It was not until September 19, 1851 that Bishop Arnoldi Mettlach, after the place had been assigned to the parish of St. Gangolf in 1803 and had belonged to the parish of Saarhölzbach from 1818 to 1821 , again to an independent parish III. Class. In 1855 Mettlach received a pastor again for the first time. In the following year, construction of the rectory in Gewann Hirtengarten began. It was ready for occupancy on Christmas Eve 1858.

The nave of the Cohausen Church had four window axes and a small bell beam above the facade. A romanizing round arch frieze and the three-door entrance area already take up neo-Romanesque forms of early historicism .

Lutwinuskirche III

The neo-Romanesque parish and pilgrimage church of St. Lutwinus in Mettlach

Due to the population growth in the second half of the 19th century, the church in the shepherd's garden became too small towards the end of the century, so that in 1897 (after considering whether the church should be expanded or rebuilt) it was decided to build a new building in the parish garden behind the to realize the existing church. A church building association was founded to collect the funds required for the construction project . The Mainz architect and master builder Ludwig Becker had already been consulted about the considerations (expansion or new building) since autumn 1888 . Finally, in 1897, Becker was commissioned to build a new building with a five-bay nave based on plans from 1892. On April 12, 1899, due to the renewed strong population growth in the 1890s, it was decided to enlarge the building by one yoke. Despite the lack of a building permit from the Royal Prussian government in Trier, the foundation stone was laid on July 23, 1899. Construction work began at the beginning of 1900, with the construction work being in the hands of the stoneware factory Villeroy & Boch (Mettlach). The local construction management was taken over by architect Georg Bernhard Merckel ( Darmstadt ) and Dipl.-Ing. Franz Konrad Zechmeister. The new church was built on the site of the former parish garden and partly on the site of the old Cohausen church. Therefore, the new building had to be divided into two construction periods. After the choir area of ​​the Cohausen Church had been torn down in 1899, the choir area of ​​the new church was built together with the four adjoining yokes of the nave. When this part of the new building was ready for worship, the Cohausen Church was completely demolished and the fifth nave yoke and the tower facade were built in 1901. The building material comes from the Mettlach sandstone quarries on the south side of the mountain slope. The wall surfaces were plastered with light-colored lime mortar. On May 15, 1905, the completed church was consecrated by the Trier bishop Michael Felix Korum .

Pilgrimage

The Mettlacher Staurothek from the 13th century
High altar of the neo-Romanesque church; The Lutwinus shrine is embedded in the back

The compulsory pilgrimages of the residents of the immediate and wider area to the grave of St. Lutwinus, introduced in the Middle Ages by episcopal order, have been documented since the time of the appointment of Abbot Ruotwich (approx. 940–977) on the dedication day of the Mettlach Dionysius Church (October 9). Later, the consecration day of the abbey church (May 12th, "Half-May Day"), ultimately the Sunday after Ascension Day ("Hellemädach", i.e. "lighter" or "louder" May day because of the accompanying pilgrimage and market activity) became a day of pilgrimage. After the first decline of the pilgrimage, Archbishop Albero von Montreuil (1131–1152) obliged 75 parishes named by name to go on pilgrimages from Trier to Mettlach , as in the time of his predecessor Ruotbert .

In 1468 the abbey joined the Bursfeld reform movement . Abbot Thilmann von Prüm (1479–1504) promoted the Mettlach pilgrimage in particular. During his term of office the foundation of the recently rediscovered pilgrimage figure, which has been in the current parish church since 2003, as well as the making of the arm reliquaries of St. Dionysius and St. Lutwinus, which are now kept in the high altar.

With the fall of the Mettlach monastery in the French Revolution , the mandatory pilgrimage of the Saarland villages collapsed. St. Lutwinus continued to draw pilgrims to Mettlach, although in 1830 Bishop Joseph von Hommer forbade pilgrimages due to alleged abuses. At the time of the Mettlach pastor Lenarz (1855–1863) there are reports of 4,000 to 5,000 pilgrims on the pilgrimage day. In 1924, the Mettlach pastor, Prelate Roman Koll, the great resuscitator of Mettlach's worship of Lutwinus, converted the sacrament procession on the fair day into a procession with the reliquary of the church patron. Since 2003, the Mettlach pilgrimage has been extended to include the Pentecost novena between Ascension Day and Pentecost , with the Lutwinus procession on the Sunday after Ascension Day as the highlight.

List of Abbots

The abbots with "?" In front of the name are historically not fully secured or identical to their predecessors. Parenthesized names can be interpreted as representative of the abbot.

  • Ruotwich (Ruzzo), around 940 to after 977
  • (Hildebold), around 977/978
  • Nithard (Nizo) I., around 980 to around 986
  • Hezzel, around 986 to?
  • Lioffin,? until around 993 (resigned)
  • Hezzel (for the 2nd time), after 993 to?
  • Remigius, around 995 to around 1008
  • Helderich,? to ?
  • (Hilrad), before 1015
  • Helderich (for the 2nd time), around 1016 (resigned)
  • (Berrard), around 1016
  • Nithard (Nizo) II., From approx. 1016/1017
  • Folkold,? to ? before 1046
  • Reginard,? around 1046 to 1062 (†)
  • Everhelm, after 1062
  • Nithard (Nizo) III.,? until after 1081
  • Libo, 1095

The abbots Opertus and Gerard officiated - according to the necrologist von Echternach - at the end of the 11th century or in the first half of the 12th century.

  • Adalbert, about 1102 to 1127
  • Gisilbert, around 1127 to 1129
  • Stephan, 1142
  • Adelhelm, around 1153bis
  • ? Adesselin (perhaps identical to his predecessor?), 1167
  • ? Ansfried,? 1178
  • Udo, 1185 to 1195
  • Sibold, 1196 to around 1200
  • John I, 1220 to 1228
  • Albert, 1242/1249
  • Albertinus (perhaps identical to his predecessor?), 1249 to 1253
  • Robert, 1263
  • Walter, 1275
  • Eberhard, 1291
  • Peter I, 1292/1295
  • Arnold I., 1306/1315
  • Konrad, 1316/1325
  • Ordulph, 1328
  • Theodoric, 1330/1346
  • John II of Berperg, 1351 to 1375 (†)
  • John III., 1375/1379
  • Bertram von Esch, 1380/1398
  • Petrus II of Bondorf, 1426 to 1439 (†)
  • Wilhelm von Helmstätt, 1440 to 1465 (resigned)
  • Arnold II. De Clivis, 1465 to 1479 (†)
  • Thilmann von Prüm, 1479 to 1504 (†)
  • Egbert von Alsteden, 1504 to 1518 (†)
  • Franz von Udensirk, 1518 to 1524
  • John IV of Losheim, 1525 to 1547
  • Jakob I. von Alten-Eberstein, 1547 to 1553 (†)
  • Johannes V. Laudtwein von Wolffingen, 1553 to 1566
  • John VI von Greimrodt, 1572 to 1580 (†)
  • Gerhard von Sierck, 1580
  • Bartholomäus Dort, 1580 to 1584 (†)
  • Michael Trevir, 1584 to 1599 (†)
  • Nikolaus Saarburg, 1600 to 1616 (†)
  • John VII Latomus, 1616 to 1627 (†)
  • Matthias I. Beuringer, 1627 to 1629
  • John VIII Limburg, 1633 to 1338 (†)
  • Jakob II. Berg, 1638 to 1640 (†)
  • Philipp Schwab, 1641 to 1656 (†)
  • Salentin Mehn, 1656 to 1671
  • John IX Breidt, 1671 to 1678
  • Matthias II Jodoci, 1678 to 1690 (†)
  • Ferdinand von Koeler, 1691 to 1734 (†)
  • Heinrich I. Lejeune, 1734 to 1751 (†)
  • Joseph Meusnier, 1751 to 1768 (†)
  • Heinrich II. Kleiner, 1768 to 1779 (resigned)
  • Nepomuk Gottbill, 1779 to 1788 (†)
  • Lutwin Tisquen, 1788 to 1794 (†)

literature

in alphabetic order:

  • Hans Hubert Anton: Liutwin - Bishop of Trier and founder of Mettlach, in: Journal for the history of the Saar region, 38/39. Vol., 1990/1991, Saarbrücken 1991, pp. 21-41.
  • Ruth Bauer: The old tower in Mettlach in the mirror of the preservation of monuments, on the restoration of the 19th century by Eugen von Boch and August von Cohausen, in: Journal for the history of the Saar region, 48th year, 1997/1998, Saarbrücken 2000, p 165-202.
  • Petrus Becker OSB: A list of the dead of the Mettlacher Konvent (13th century), Association for Local History in the Merzig District, Tenth Yearbook 1975.
  • Petrus Becker OSB: Mettlach , in: Friedhelm Jürgensmeier / Regina Elisabeth Schwerdtfeger (ed.): The Benedictine monasteries for men and women in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland (Germania Benedictina vol. IX), St. Ottilien 1999, 517-545.
  • August von Cohausen: The old tower at Mettlach. A polygonal church based on the model of the Aachen Minster from the end of the 20th century, Berlin 1871.
  • Carl Conrath: Mettlach, The Abbey, its founder, its history, Mettlach 1920.
  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Rhineland-Palatinate / Saarland, 2nd edition, Munich / Berlin 1984, pp. 671–675.
  • Stefan Flesch: The monastic written culture of the Saar region in the Middle Ages (publications of the Commission for Saarland State History and Folk Research 20), Saarbrücken 1991. online
  • Hans-Walter Herrmann : Mettlach . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 6, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1993, ISBN 3-7608-8906-9 , Sp. 585.
  • Georg Humann: The central building in Mettlach and the buildings influenced by the Aachen Palatine Chapel, in: Zeitschrift für christliche Kunst, 31st year, 1918, pp. 81–94.
  • Nikolaus Irsch: The Romanesque architecture in the Saar area, in: Journal of the Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Heimatschutz, 22nd year, Cologne 1929, pp. 95–111.
  • Reinhold Junge: The possessions of the Mettlach monastery, in: Mettlach municipal administration (ed.): 1300 years of Mettlach (tenth year book of the Association for Local History in the Merzig district), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 55–57.
  • Reinhold Junge: Mettlacher churches and their patronage, in: Association for local history in the Merzig district, 10th year book, Merzig 1975, pp. 81-104.
  • Friedhelm Jürgensmeier: The male and female monasteries of the Benedictines in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Germania Benediktina IX, St. Ottilien 1999, pp. 1–104.
  • Martin Klewitz : The excavations at the old tower, in: Keramos, 6th year Mettlach 1955, pp. 15-16.
  • Martin Klewitz: Mettlach, Alter Turm, in: Kunstchronik, 9th year, Nuremberg 1956, p. 299.
  • Martin Klewitz: News about the early days of the Mettlach Monastery, in: Keramos, 11th year, Mettlach 1960, pp. 18-19.
  • Martin Klewitz: On the construction history of the Benedictine abbey Mettlach, in: Mettlach municipal administration (ed.): 1300 years Mettlach, Merzig 1976, pp. 81–93.
  • Martin Klewitz: Mettlach, Former Benedictine Abbey, in: Große Baudenkmäler, Issue 173, 3rd edition, Munich, Berlin 1977, pp. 2-10.
  • Martin Klewitz: Mettlach an der Saarschleife, Rheinische Kunststätten, Saarland, issue 164, 3rd revised edition, Cologne 1994.
  • Roman Koll: Mettlach in its sanctuaries from old and new times, 2nd expanded edition of the 1923 edition, Mettlach 1948.
  • Johann Christian Lager: Documented history of the Mettlach Abbey, Trier 1875.
  • J. Maas: The Mettlach Whitsun Procession, a converted cathedral procession. Trier 1956 (scientific work of the Trier theological faculty, typescript).
  • Ferdinand Pauly: Settlement and parish organization in the old Archdiocese of Trier, Das Landkapitel Merzig (= publication of the Diocese archive Trier 15), Trier 1967, pp. 82–93.
  • Ferdinand Pauly: The Benedictine Abbey of St. Petrus and Paulus in Mettlach, in: From the history of the Diocese of Trier, Part 1, From the late Roman period to the 12th century, Trier 1968, pp. 82–84.
  • Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974.
  • Hildegard Schmal: The foundation of the Mettlach monastery and the "Old Tower" (73rd publication by the Department of Architectural History of the Art History Institute of the University of Cologne), Cologne 2000.
  • Christian Wilhelm Schmidt: Die Kapelle zu Mettlach, in: Architectural monuments of the Roman period and the Middle Ages in Trier and its surroundings, 3rd edition, Trier 1841, p. 8, plate 4.
  • Georg Skalecki: The so-called "Old Tower" in Mettlach, an Ottonian St. Mary's Church - art history and preservation of monuments, in: The preservation of monuments (= 28th report of the state preservation of monuments), 56th year, 1998, pp. 26–39.
  • Albert Verbeek: The old tower in Mettlach, its position in the Ottonian art of the Rhineland, in: Trier magazine, 12th year, Trier 1937, pp. 65–80.
  • Peter Volkelt : The building sculpture and interior design of the early and high Middle Ages in Saarland, Saarbrücken 1969, p. 21–37, fig. 21–37.
  • Walter Zimmermann: Kloster Mettlach, in: Trier, a center of occidental culture, Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Heimatschutz, 34th year Cologne 1952, pp. 123–141.

Web links

Commons : Mettlach Abbey  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Andreas Heinz: Witnesses of Faith and Advocates, The Saints of the Saarland, Saarbrücken 1980, p. 54.
  2. ↑ Benno König: Kapellen im Saarland, Volks- und Kulturgut, Illingen 2010, pp. 119–122.
  3. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974, p. 15.
  4. ↑ Peter Gärtner: Der Mettlacher Talessel, a geographical sketch, in: Gemeindeverwaltung Mettlach (ed.): 1300 years Mettlach (tenth year book of the Association for Local History in the Merzig district), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 95–116, here p. 109-110.
  5. ^ Hans-Walter Herrmann: Mettlach, in: Lexikon des Mittelalters (LexMA), Volume 6, Munich / Zurich 1993, Sp. 585.
  6. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974, p. 127f.
  7. ↑ Martin Klewitz: On the building history of the Benedictine abbey Mettlach, in: Gemeindeverwaltung Mettlach (ed.): 1300 years of Mettlach (tenth year book of the Association for Local History in the Merzig district), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 81–93, here p. 81.
  8. ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Rhineland-Palatinate / Saarland, 2nd edition, Munich / Berlin 1984, pp. 667-677.
  9. ↑ History of the Villeroy & Boch headquarters. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 23, 2012 ; Retrieved July 1, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Reinhold Junge: The possessions of the Mettlach Monastery, in: Mettlach Municipal Administration (ed.): 1300 Years Mettlach (Tenth Yearbook of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 55–57.
  11. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974.
  12. ↑ Mettlacher Chartular III, No. 110, fol. 493.
  13. ↑ Reinhold Junge: The possessions of the Mettlach Monastery, in: Mettlach Municipal Administration (ed.): 1300 Years Mettlach (Tenth Yearbook of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 55–57.
  14. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974.
  15. ↑ Mettlacher Chartular III, No. 110, fol. 493.
  16. ↑ Reinhold Junge: The possessions of the Mettlach Monastery, in: Mettlach Municipal Administration (ed.): 1300 Years Mettlach (Tenth Yearbook of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 55–57.
  17. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974.
  18. ↑ Mettlacher Chartular III, No. 110, fol. 493.
  19. ↑ Reinhold Junge: The possessions of the Mettlach Monastery, in: Mettlach Municipal Administration (ed.): 1300 Years Mettlach (Tenth Yearbook of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 55–57.
  20. ↑ Theo Raach: Mettlach Monastery / Saar and its property, studies on the early history and manorial rule of the former Benedictine abbey in the Middle Ages (sources and treatises on the history of the Middle Rhine church 19), ed. from the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 1974.
  21. ↑ Mettlacher Chartular III, No. 110, fol. 493.
  22. ↑ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, p. 4.
  23. ↑ a b Information on the parish church of St. Lutwinus at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de, accessed on December 25, 2012
  24. ^ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, p. 6.
  25. ^ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, p. 6.
  26. ^ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, p. 6.
  27. ↑ Reinhold Junge: Die Pfarrei Mettlach, in: Gemeindeverwaltung Mettlach (ed.): 1300 years of Mettlach (tenth year book of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 179–208, here pp. 187–188.
  28. ↑ a b c d Parish Church “St. Lutwinus Mettlach " ( Memento from February 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  29. ^ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, p. 6.
  30. ↑ Ludwig Becker: The new parish church in Mettlach, in: Journal for Christian Art, 18th year, Düsseldorf 1905, pp. 199–204.
  31. ↑ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church of St. Lutwinus Mettlach (art guide Schnell and Steiner, No. 2558), Regensburg 2004, pp. 2-4.
  32. ↑ Petrus Becker OSB: Mettlacher Abbots - Mettlacher Klosterleben, in: Gemeindeverwaltung Mettlach (ed.): 1300 Years Mettlach (Tenth Year Book of the Association for Local History in the Merzig District), Mettlach / Merzig 1975, pp. 43–53, here p. 51 -52.

Coordinates: 49 ° 29 ′ 38.6 "  N , 6 ° 35 ′ 38.4"  E