Hrob
| Hrob | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Teplice | ||||
| Area : | 1109.1433 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 39 ' N , 13 ° 44' E | ||||
| Height: | 356 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,998 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 417 04 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Karel Hirsch (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | U Radnice 234 417 04 Hrob |
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| Municipality number: | 567558 | ||||
| Website : | www.mestohrob.cz | ||||
| Location of Hrob in the Teplice district | |||||
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Hrob ( German monastery grave ) is a town in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic .
geography
location
The city is located in northern Bohemia on the southern slope of the Ore Mountains at the foot of the Bouřňák ( Striker ). Below the city there are two artificial lakes, created after the brown coal mining.
Community structure
The town of Hrob consists of the districts Hrob ( monastery grave ), Křižanov ( Krinsdorf ), Verneřice ( Wernsdorf ) and Mlýny ( ground mills ). The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Hrob, Křižanov u Hrobu, Mlýny and Verneřice u Hrobu.
Neighboring places
| Moldava (Moldau), Mikulov (Niklasberg) | ||
| Osek (Ossegg), Háj (Haan) |
.svg)
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Košťany (costs) |
| Jeníkov (Janegg) |
history
The monastery grave , which was still a village at the time, was first mentioned on May 6, 1282 when the place was sold by the Benedictine nunnery in Teplice to the abbot Theodorich II of the Ossegg monastery .
Probably already at the beginning of the 14th century mining for silver and silver-containing lead ores began in the vicinity of the monastery grave. In the 15th century, the mining town developed into a flourishing place, and in 1458 King George of Podebrady granted it the right to hold a weekly market. 1594 the market town of Emperor was Rudolf II. To the mountain town appointed. From the second half of the 16th century, lignite was also discovered in the area around the city and its use began.
In 1580 the Pope confirmed the dissolution of the Dux Monastery and the monastery tomb became the property of the Archbishop of Prague. At this point in time, the residents also adopted Martin Luther's ideas . After the letter of majesty was issued , in which Emperor Rudolf II granted religious freedom to the evangelical estates of the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1609 , the first reformed church in Bohemia was built in 1611 in the monastery grave. However, this was seen as illegal by the Catholic population, so that the governor of Osek had the church demolished in 1617.
This demolition led to great unrest in Bohemia, which ultimately led to the Prague Lintel , which triggered the Thirty Years' War . Only 300 years later was a Protestant church built again in the village.
Silver mining came to a standstill in the Thirty Years' War and, after several unsuccessful attempts, was not resumed on a significant scale until the beginning of the 19th century. The St. Barbara mine produced 5.3 kilograms of silver in 1824/25. The decline in the price of silver at the end of the 19th century ultimately led to ore mining being stopped.
At that time, however, lignite mining had already made the step from small shallow sideline pits to industrial mining (later opencast mining). Due to the coal mining industry, the monastery grave was one of the northern Bohemian industrial locations from the beginning. In addition to coal, stones were mined, there was a glassworks, lead factory, spinning mill, mills, sawmills, brewery, cardboard factory, gravel works, etc.
After the First World War , the monastery grave was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . Due to the Munich Agreement , the monastery grave belonged from 1938 to 1945 to the district of Dux , district of Aussig , in the German Reichsgau Sudetenland . After the end of the Second World War , the German-speaking population was largely expropriated and expelled .
Demographics
Until 1945, the monastery grave was mostly inhabited by German Bohemians , who were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1830 | 832 | in 122 houses |
| 1869 | 1358 | |
| 1871 | 1400 | in 141 houses |
| 1880 | 1660 | |
| 1890 | 2256 | |
| 1900 | 3562 | |
| 1910 | 3771 | |
| 1921 | 3560 | |
| 1930 | 3602 | |
| 1939 | 2810 |
| year | 1950 | 1961 1 | 1970 1 | 1980 1 | 1991 1 | 2001 1 | 2011 1 |
| Residents | 2126 | 3059 | 2648 | 2396 | 2063 | 1989 | 1959 |
Attractions
- Foundation walls of the first Protestant church, destroyed in 1617
- Catholic Church of Saint Barbara
- Evangelical Resurrection Church: The church follows the tradition of the Protestant church that was destroyed in 1617. It was built in 1900/1902 in Art Nouveau style according to plans by the architects Schilling & Graebner . The building is in urgent need of renovation. However, the owner, the Hussite Church , cannot currently cover the costs (as of April 2014).
- Baroque monuments on the market square
- Stone fountain
- Chapel of the Virgin Mary in Křižanov
- Most – Moldava tourist railway line with railway bridges
- Mining tunnels
- Sawmill in Mlýny
Personalities
- Augustinus Sartorius - Cistercian and church historian
- František Hradec - chronicler
- František Kühnel-Hrobský - historian
- Karel Lím - founder of the Ore Mountains Tourism Association
- František Höhnel - historian
- Klemens Perner - composer
literature
- Gustav Müller: Contributions to the history of the mountain town monastery grave. In: Erzgebirgs-Zeitung. 48th year, 1927, pp. 87-90; 144-147; 162-166. ( Digitized version )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/567558/Hrob
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/567558/Obec-Hrob
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/567558/Obec-Hrob
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Volume 5: Leutmeritzer Kreis , Vienna 1787, pp. 152–155, item 21.
- ^ A b Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 1: Leitmeritzer Kreis , Prague 1833, pp. 152–153, paragraph 24.
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 198, paragraph 27.
- ↑ G. A Ressel (ed.): Address book of the political district of Teplitz. At the same time a topographical-historical manual . Teplitz 1873, p. 112.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Dux district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 25, 2016 (Czech).
- ↑ Two helpers for a Hallelujah , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) from April 10, 2014 PDF ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Pp. 20–22 at euroregion-elbe-labe.eu, accessed on October 28, 2015
