Krausnick

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Krausnick
Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 54 ″  N , 13 ° 49 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 51 m above sea level NHN
Area : 34.53 km²
Residents : 413  (Jan. 1, 2017)
Population density : 12 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 15910
Primaries : 035472, 035477
Krausnick, Dorfstrasse
Krausnick, Dorfstrasse

Krausnick ( Lower Sorbian Kšušwica ) is a district of the municipality of Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg . Krausnick was an independent municipality until the voluntary merger with Groß Wasserburg in 2001. The municipality of Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg is administered by the Unterspreewald office.

Geographical location

Krausnick is located about eleven kilometers northwest of Lübben , about ten kilometers from the Autobahn 13 exit Staakow. The district of Krausnick borders in the north on the district of Groß Wasserburg, in the east on the municipality Schlepzig , in the south on the districts of Hartmannsdorf and Lubolz (both places are districts of the city of Lübben (Spreewald) ), in the southwest on Schönwalde and Waldow / Brand (both places are districts of the community Schönwald ), in the west at Rietzneuendorf (district of the community Rietzneuendorf-Staakow ), Briesen and Oderin (both places are districts of the community Halbe ).

The heavily silted Luchsee , the Meiersee and the very small Lichtesee are located in the area . In the east, the district extends as far as the Wasserburger Spree . The Randkanal runs a little east of the Wasserburger Spree. The highest elevation are the Krausnicker Mountains named after the place, but the Wehlaberg lies on the Groß Wasserburger district.

Population development from 1774 to 2000
year 1774 1801 1817 1837 1858 1875 1895 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2000
Residents 320 473 481 799 812 871 762 646 700 723 927 815 640 595 522 439 416

history

The place was first mentioned in 1376 as Krusenigk. Possible older documents are very doubtful. The name is derived from an old Sorbian basic form * Krušnik = settlement near pear trees. According to the village structure, it was a Breitgasse village with an estate.

In 1518 there was a knight's seat (that of von Langen), an outwork and a mill in the village. Presumably the mill meant the later Groß Wasserburg. In 1556 a vineyard is mentioned near the place. In 1576, twelve farmers and eight kossas lived in the village. In 1583, the then local ruler expelled a feudal man from his court for breach of duty and neglect of the property. In 1600 there were six knight's hooves, three wild farmer's hooves and another 2.5 hooves had been struck to the manor. Ten farmer's feet were occupied. There were also eight cottagers and a shepherd living in the village. The watermill was away from the village (today Groß Wasserburg). During the Thirty Years War Krausnick was looted and burned down several times. In 1692, 12.5 farmer's hooves lay desolate and 12.5 hooves were cultivated. The eight cottages were all taken. A blacksmith had settled in the village. In addition, two shepherds and a shepherd lived in the village. Because half of the fields lay fallow, the three-field economy was no longer observed. It was sown in all three fields every year. The farmers won the third grain. Each farmer made eight loads of hay, each Kossät four loads of hay. The guard on the district was good and allowed cattle breeding. There was enough firewood and the residents were allowed to fish on the Spree. Each farmer was allowed to keep 25 sheep, each Kossät 13 sheep. In 1699 a desolate winegrower's house is mentioned. In 1727 there were 20.5 hooves in the area. In 1728 the cross-shaped half-timbered church was built. In 1745 another Vorwerk was established. There were no more farm estates. The village population consisted of 25 Kossäts and 33 Büdners, who lived in 57 households, four of them in apartment buildings.

In 1801 there were 24 cottagers, 49 residents, two bike makers and various other craftsmen, including a blacksmith and a Kruger. A total of 69 fireplaces were counted. In the village there was the office building, not far from the village was the Heidekrug. In 1818, the register of localities in the administrative district of Potsdam lists the administrative district, the Bugk forester's house (on the southern boundary of the district), the Heidekrug and the Neuer Krug. The fire sheep farm or drought goat was located west-southwest of the center of Krausnick. The Heidemeierei was 2 km south of the town center on Meiereisee, today the Meierei forester's house . In 1837 there were already 74 houses in Krausnick. On the Urmes table sheet, sheet 3949 Oderin, from 1841, a windmill is recorded on the Mühlberg south of the town center. A second windmill stood on the vineyard southeast of the town center. The (sub) forestry department was in Ringstraße 9 and the sheep farm in the area Hauptstraße 59. The later forester's house Brand south of the Luchsee is shown as a garden house. The Neue Schenke or Todte Mann was west of the village on the L 711 near the bend in the street and the transition to the K6158. The Dürre Ziege sheep farm no longer existed around 1900. The Krausnick office was located in the building at Hauptstrasse 101.

The Vorwerk was leased to Friedrich Ludwig Buchholz from 1808 to 1814.

In 1847 the lands of the Vorwerk were earmarked for compensation for those entitled to forest protection. The official building, the distillery and the brewery were rented or leased in 1848.

Ruinous post mill south of the town center. Presumably 1970s

In 1858 there were 4 public buildings, 86 residential buildings and 173 farm buildings belonging to the village or rural community. The royal Hausfideikommissvorwerk in the village included three residential buildings and four farm buildings, including a brewery and a distillery. There is also the Bugk forest guard's house, the Neue Krug and the summer house. The forestry near the village belonged to the protected area of ​​the manor forest district of Kleinwasserburg. A house and three farm buildings belonged to the forestry department. Around 1900 there were 126 houses in Krausnick. In 1931 the village had grown to 138 residential buildings. In 1946 only 13 hectares were divided up: one hectare to four agricultural workers and landless farmers and 12 hectares to 16 poor farmers. In 1953 the first agricultural production cooperative with seven members was established. In 1959 LPG Type III already had 45 members from 23 individual businesses and cultivated 275 hectares of agricultural land. In 1960 the number of members of LPG Type III had grown to 93 members; they cultivated 469 hectares of usable area. There was also a second type I LPG with 30 members and 178 hectares of usable space. In 1968 this was connected to the LPG type III. In 1976 LPG Krausnick was merged with LPG Leibsch. In 1977 there was the VEB Landtechnischer Anlagenbau Cottbus, operating part Krausnick, the dairy cattle plant of LPG Leibsch, the chief forester Krausnick and the district forester Brand.

Ownership history and communal affiliation

In 1376, the von Strele , lords of Beeskow and Storkow, enfeoffed that of Queiß with the villages (Groß) Schauen , Dahmsdorf , Wendisch Rietz and Werder together with Drobschmühle, and with elevations in the village of Krausnick. The uplift in the village of Krusenigk was quite considerable with 15 malter, half grain and half oats, 38 ½ groschen interest, 15 chickens, 15 Swilken flax.

In 1494 the brothers Nickel and Friedrich von Langen were enfeoffed by Johann and Georg, dukes of Saxony with the knight's seat, Vorwerk and village of Krausnick and Groß Wasserburg (at that time only a mill) and the village of Leibsch. The place was in the Lower Lusatian rule Storkow , which at that time belonged to the Lords of Bieberstein . In 1507 Krausnick belonged to Antonius and Nickel von Langen. In 1518 Antonius von Langen received from Ulrich von Bieberstein the enfeoffment with the village and knight seat of Krausnick and the village of Köthen. Georg von Langen, who was followed by another Georg (* 1538), is presumably also enfeoffed. He was married to Agatha von Löser. He had two sons, Nickel and Georg. In 1553 Georg von Langen sold a share of Krausnick for 3,700 guilders for four years to his cousin Caspar von Langen, which was agreed by then Bishop Johann VII of Lebus on the Friday after Viti in 1553. In 1556 the brothers Otto and Caspar von Langen zu Münchehofe received the enfeoffment with Krausnick, Köthen, Groß Wasserburg and half of Leibsch. In 1576 the rule of Storkow passed de facto to Brandenburg and gradually left Niederlausitz in the following centuries. In 1604, Andreas von Langen zu Krausnick or his wife received confirmation that the Krausnick and Köthen estates could be used. In 1609 the brothers Andreas and Ernst von Langen were enfeoffed by Prince Elector Johann Sigismund with half of Krausnick and Köthen and a quarter of the village of Leibsch. In 1620 the brothers Moritz Ernst and Nickel von Langen, sons of Andreas von Langen, were given the same property. In 1628 the two brothers finally sold half of Krausnick and Köthen and a quarter of the village of Leibsch to the brothers Antonius, Otto and Heinrich Ernst von Langen zu Wasserburg for 13,000 thalers. In 1647 Georg von Oppen bought these goods and in 1648 received the loan. However, shares remained in the possession of von Langen until 1716. On October 20, 1728, Friedrich Erdmann von Oppen sold Krausnick and Leibsch for 38,000 thalers to the "soldier king" Friedrich Wilhelm I. From this he formed the Krausnick office , which he expanded through acquisitions in the following years. The Krausnick office was attached to the rule of Königs Wusterhausen . From 1848 the Krausnick office was administered together with the Buchholz office, the official seat was moved to Märkisch Buchholz and the Krausnick office thus de facto dissolved. The official buildings were leased. In 1872/4 the Buchholz office was also dissolved.

In 1816 the rule of Storkow was merged with the Teltowischer Kreis to form the Teltow-Storkow district, which was dissolved again in 1835. The former rule of Storkow has now been combined with the previous rule of Beeskow to form the Beeskow-Storkow district . In the district reform of 1950, Krausnick came to the district of Lübben, which was renamed the district of Lübben after the reunification . In 1992 Krausnick merged with 12 other, mostly very small, communities to form an administrative community, the Unterspreewald Office , based in Schönwald . On December 31, 2001, the previously independent municipalities of Krausnick and Groß Wasserburg merged to form the municipality of Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg. Since then, Groß Wasserburg has been part of the municipality of Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg. On January 1, 2013, the (old) Unterspreewald office and the Golßener Land office were merged to form the new Unterspreewald office with the official seat in Golßen .

Church history

The church in Krausnick was a daughter church of Buchholz around 1630. From 1872 it became the mother church with daughter churches in Köthen, Klein Wasserburg , Groß Wasserburg and Leibsch-Damm . Today's Krausnick village church dates from 1727/28. The parish Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg belongs to the Evangelical Parish Krausnick-Neu Schadow of the Evangelical Church District Niederlausitz .

Monuments

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald lists the following architectural and ground monuments.

Soil monuments

  • No. 12445 Hall 8,9: a settlement from prehistory, a resting place and work place from the Stone Age
  • No. 12446 Hall 3: a resting place and work place from the Mesolithic
  • No. 12447 Hall 9: a resting and working place from the Mesolithic
  • No. 12448 Flur 4,5: a settlement of the Bronze Age, a settlement of the Neolithic
  • No. 12449 Corridor 5: Village core of the modern age, cemetery of the modern age, church of the modern age, cemetery of the German Middle Ages, village core of the German Middle Ages, church of the German Middle Ages
Krausnick village church (2009)

Architectural monuments

  • No. 09140136 Kreuzkirche with churchyard and avenue
  • No. 09140137 Half-timbered house, Hauptstrasse 107

tourism

The Tropical Islands amusement park is only a few kilometers west of Krausnick . The Gurken Cycle Path and the Hofjagdweg run through the village .

literature

  • Joachim Schölzel: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX: Beeskow-Storkow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 (hereinafter Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon, Beeskow-Storkow, page number).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Unterspreewald Office - Residents' Registration Office (ed.): Population figures for the entire Unterspreewald office (with municipalities and localities / municipalities) as of 01.01.2017 . Schönwalde July 27, 2017 ( contact details [accessed July 27, 2017]).
  2. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  3. ↑ Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon, Beeskow-Storkow, pp. 140–142.
  4. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  5. ^ Klaus Müller: Brandenburg name book . Part 12 (= the place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district ). Steiner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , p. 79
  6. ^ Klaus Müller: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district. Steiner 2005, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , online at Google Books , p. 79
  7. ^ Bernhard Heinz Witzsch: The fire. Preview on Google Books
  8. ^ A b Francesko Rocca: History and administration of the royal family property: according to the files and documents of the Kgl. Court Chamber in Charlottenburg compiled. Rohde, Berlin 1913–1914, p. 13.
  9. ^ A b Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Public gazette for the 21st issue of May 26, 1848, online at Google Books , p. 232
  10. ^ Rudolf Hermsdorf: Between Dolgen and Skirmish. Chronicle of the localities of the Reichenwalde parish district. Part 1: From prehistoric times to modern times. Self-published, Storkow 1934, p. 46.
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g Friedrich Beck: Document inventory of the Brandenburg State Main Archives - Kurmark, 2: Municipal institutions and noble lords and goods. Berlin-Verl. Spitz, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3830502923 (also publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archive Potsdam 45), p. 668/9.
  12. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 Online at Google Books , p. 20.
  13. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 Online at Google Books , p. 22.
  14. ^ Formation of the Unterspreewald office. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of October 14, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 91, November 30, 1992, pp. 2066–2067.
  15. ^ Formation of a new community in Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of December 14, 2001. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, Number 52, December 27, 2001, p. 906, PDF .
  16. ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg community
  17. ^ Evangelical parish of Krausnick-Neu Schadow
  18. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Dahme-Spreewald district (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  19. ↑ The Gurkenradweg - nature, culture and culinary art
  20. ↑ Hofjagdweg on www.dahme-seen.de ( Memento from November 30, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )