Hüls (Krefeld)
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Sleeve
City of Krefeld
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| Height : | 41 m |
| Residents : | 15,908 (Dec. 31, 2011) |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1970 |
| Incorporated into: | Kempen |
| Postal code : | 47839 |
| Area code : | 02151 |
 A postcard from Hüls
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Hüls is a northern district of the North Rhine-Westphalian city of Krefeld in Germany .
The name “Hüls” is derived from the Lower Franconian word “hulis”, the holly or stech oak.
history
For a detailed description of the historical glory of Hül
Stone Age and Antiquity
Isolated reading finds of flint artefacts from the Neolithic Age (5500 - approx. 2000 BC) document the first human activities in the area of today's Hüls. There are few finds in Hüls from the Iron Age (750 - approx. 15 BC). Cremation graves were found near the Botzweg. A rampart from this era can be found on the Hülser Berg . A villa rustica with a burial ground is documented from Roman times by finds of broken fragments and bricks at the cemetery (approx. 2nd – 3rd century) .
middle Ages
The first written mention of the Lords of Hüls ("Retherus de Holese") dates back to 1112. During this time the first "old" castle was built near today's Hüls open-air swimming pool - probably a "Schanze" or "escape castle".
The original Hüls house could have been located in the area of the Beguine Monastery "Klausur", as a "cologne" fiefdom alongside other centrally located cologne courtyards. In 1419 the knight Friedrich von Hüls "bequeathed a garden to the monastery where the royal stables used to stand and where the female hermits are supposed to live". If the stables were - as can be assumed - part of the knightly estate, then the estate itself was also located at this point near the center of the village and the church.
In the 14th and 15th centuries, the Lords of Hüls expanded their property to the glory of Hüls , which belonged to the Electoral Cologne office of Kempen. The "Herrlichkeit Hüls" had a jury and was a market place . At that time, became Catholic church St. Cyriac their independence from Kempen.
At the turn of the 14th to the 15th century, the two women's monasteries “From the Annunciation” (1398, called “Klausur” ) and “St. Cäcilia ”(1468, called “ Convent ” ). In 1363, a third of Hüls - with today's floor monument "Papenburg" - was split off by dividing the estate to Mathias von Hüls . This later went to the County of Moers - that district was then called "Hülsisch Moersische Straße" (the part north about from the Bottermaat ).
Friedrich von Hüls finally built the second castle in 1455. Its ruins are still preserved and have meanwhile been renovated and rebuilt.
In 1565, the knight family died out with Katharina von Hüls . After disputes over inheritance, the glory of Hül fell to a distant noble family. Until the French time, Hüls was administered by officials of this family.
Early modern age
As part of the Truchsessian War , the Battle of Hüls north of Hüls in the Lookdyck-Orbroich area took place in 1583 .
For a detailed description see
In the same century, the “Hülsisch Moersische Strasse” area developed into a residential area for Jews , Reformed and Anabaptists , whose activities led to an economic upturn that was profitable for both districts.
In 1661 there were 111 farms and houses in Hüls with around 800 inhabitants. In addition to the schnapps distillery , weaving , brick and pot bakery ( pottery ) and agriculture were the main sources of income for the population at that time . In 1636 the church tower in Hüls collapsed. In 1642, during the Thirty Years' War in the battle of the Hülser Heide, there was a conflict between the Electorate of Cologne and the Hessian-Weimar army.
Modern
In 1798, the French combined the previously separate districts Hülser with Honnschaft Benrad to "Mairie de Huls" that the Canton has been allocated Kempen. The two monasteries "Klausur" and "Konvent" were dissolved in 1802. The Rhineland was granted to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , and Hüls became a municipality in the Kempen district . At that time, Hüls had 1500 inhabitants.
From 1823 to 1853 the mayorships of Hüls (Hüls and Benrad), St. Hubert ( Broich and Orbroich ) and Tönisberg were administered by a mayor.
In the following years a lot of work was done on the infrastructure. In 1847 a hospital was set up in the former “convent” and the parish church of St. Cyriakus was rebuilt from 1865 to 1868 and in the portal area with works including sculptures by Edmund Renard the Elder. Older designed. In this construction project, parts of the “enclosure” had to be demolished for reasons of space.
The first railway line connected Hüls with Krefeld in 1870. Two years later it is documented that Hüls houses were given house numbers. At that time (1880) Hüls already had 6,088 inhabitants. The Hüls-Krefeld tram line was built in 1883. At that time Hüls was supplied by its own gas works (from 1897) and a water works (from 1908). The water tower in Cäcilienstraße is now a landmark in Hüls.
The municipality of Hüls was expanded under the National Socialist rule in 1936 to include parts of the dissolved Orbroich municipality . It was National Socialists who burned down the synagogue on November 10, 1938 . During the Second World War , Hüls houses and parts of the convent church were also destroyed by air raids .
After the Second World War
American troops marched into Hüls on March 3, 1945. Approx. 480 Hülser were killed in the Second World War. In 1951, Hüls had a population of 11,800 people, 5,200 of whom were employed, of which 2,100 worked in Krefeld. In addition, 1,600 displaced persons were registered.
In 1964 the Evangelical Kreuzkirche was completed. Before that, the Protestant church services in Hüls had to take place in an emergency church. Hüls lost its independence as a municipality on January 1, 1970. At that time, Hüls had 13,400 inhabitants and was incorporated into Kempen as part of the reorganization of the municipalities of the Kempen-Krefeld district . On January 1, 1975, however, in the course of the regional reform, it was decided to separate it from the Kempen urban area and make Hüls a - now northernmost - district of Krefeld .
In 1976 the "Johannesturm" - an observation tower on the Hülser Berg - was built. In the period that followed, new schools were built in Hüls and construction projects were planned and implemented on the Hüls local borders. The settlements on the western edge of the village are popularly known as "Legoland". In 1984 the “enclosure” was renovated and a residential park, a primary school, an ecumenical meeting place and a sports hall were built.
Public institutions and education
schools
- Community elementary school "Astrid Lindgren"
- Catholic primary school at the castle
- LVR Luise Leven School (funding focus: hearing and communication)
- Robert Jungk Comprehensive School
Social
- Herrenweg House: House for 30 disabled people. From Self Help Krefeld and the KAB erected sleeve and purchased from the residents on April 1, 1997th The sponsorship lies with Lebenshilfe Krefeld.
- Heinrichstift: Bishop Heinrich Joeppen, who was born in Hüls and died in 1927, bequeathed his estate to the Catholic Parish of Hüls with the requirement to set up a school for toddlers and rooms for use by church associations (workers, journeyman, youth, etc.). The construction of the Catholic club house "Heinrichstift" took place in 1931. In 1982, the parish built the Heinrich-Joeppen-Haus elsewhere as a replacement for the Heinrichstift, which became the property of the city of Krefeld . Today the Hüls sports club uses the Heinrichstift for a variety of purposes.
- St.-Lazarus-Haus Krefeld-Hüls: The house is centrally but quietly located in the district of Hüls. It has 29 inpatient care beds and 46 assisted living apartments . It is located a few meters from the Hülser Markt and was inaugurated in 1997. The supporter is the Christian Lazarus Relief Organization (LHW), which was founded by the Order of Lazarus , which thus ties in with its more than 900 year old tradition in nursing. The spiritual protector of the order, the Melchitic Catholic Patriarch His Beatitude Gregorios III. from Damascus, visited the seniors in the Hüls Lazarus House in April 2007 to celebrate their 10th anniversary with them.
- Fischers-Meyser-Stift: The Fischers-Meyser-Stift care facility is centrally located in Hüls, Am Beckshof, and is run by the city of Krefeld .
Medical supplies
hospital
- Helios Klinik Hüls (formerly Cäcilien-Hospital Hüls): The construction of this house goes back to a decree by Napoleon, who after the secularization of the Cäcilien monastery and expulsion of the nuns in 1802 ordered the building to be “a place of Caritas and a place of refuge for old, poor and weak workers ”. The municipality of Hüls acquired the building in 1811 and built the first municipal hospital. Until then, as was the monastic tradition, the nuns had taken in needy people and cared for the elderly and sick for almost 400 years. Today's Cäcilien Hospital was completely rebuilt and opened in 1968. After a long period of uncertainty about the future fate of the Cäcilien Hospital, the city of Krefeld transferred a 74.9% stake in the hospital to Helios Kliniken GmbH at the end of November 2007 .
Outpatient care
- Outpatient medical care is provided by eight general practitioners and supplemented by seven specialists.
Swimming pools
- The Hüls natural outdoor pool is open to everyone in summer
Culture and sights
Monuments
- Bismarck memorial, on Hülser Berg , designed and made by the Krefeld sculptor Arthur Winkler , erected in 1902
- War memorial for those who died in the German Wars of Unification , in the green area on Rektoratsstrasse, created according to a design by the Berlin sculptor Oskar Bodin , unveiled on September 16, 1906
- War memorial for the soldiers of the First World War, on Hölschen Dyk on an island in the Königspark, a work by the architect and sculptor Franz Brantzky , consecrated in 1931
Museums
- Hülser Heimatstuben
Historic Buildings
- Hülser Burg , in the east of the district, was redeveloped through an initiative by the Hülser Heimatverein and Hülser Sports Club . The renovation of the castle ruins was completed in 2005.
- Hüls exam
- Gasthof zur Rose from 1588, located on the market
- House market no.15
- Catholic parish church of St. Cyriakus
- town hall
Others
- Hülser Berg with observation tower
- Jewish Cemetery
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the village of Hüls shows a green lily pad with a stem on a white background in a semicircular shield.
This coat of arms is not a "talking / speaking coat of arms", because it has nothing to do with the holly, from which the name Hüls probably derives. Instead, it was derived from the von Hüls family coat of arms. Their coat of arms shows a stylized red sea leaf without a stem, supported by a helmet in profile that is adorned by a ram's head.
Events
Special forms of the Lower Rhine region's customs developed in Hüls .
Carnival (Breetlook)
- The most important day of the carnival ( Fasteloovend ) in Hüls is Carnival Tuesday, the so-called Breetlook Tuesday (broad leek Tuesday).
- The central figure of the local carnival symbolism is the Trina . According to tradition, market women - Trinas - are said to have prevented the invasion of enemy cavalry by throwing leek sticks (soup greens; broad leeks) during the Thirty Years' War.
- The local carnival call is therefore Breetlook (see: Leek ).
- For over 80 years, the KKG carnival association has been promoting “Nette stölle Jonges 1927 e. V “the customs of the Lower Rhine Carnival.
- The Hüls 1979 Carnival Parade Committee has been responsible for maintaining the Hüls carnival parade since 1980. For this purpose, house collections are carried out by the members and donations are collected from supporters and sponsors.
- In contrast to most other places, in Hüls there is a Council of Six instead of the Council of Eleven. The Sixth Council of Catholic Youth, founded over 60 years ago, proclaims the Hüls prince couple.
Fair
A spring and autumn fair has been held in Hüls since "ancient times". The date for the spring fair is today Ascension Day and the following weekend. The autumn fair has not taken place since 2016 by resolution of the district council. For years, the fair weekends have been combined with the historical fair into a folk festival. Flea market, senior citizens' hobby thek, vintage car rides, horse-drawn carriage parade and other things attract many visitors. The local rifle clubs often determine their new king on the fair weekends. On Sunday, the spring fair is from the Catholic Parish traditional carnival procession to the parish fair organized. On this day, as part of the procession, a relic of the parish priest St. Cyriakus is carried through the village. The procession is originally to be seen as a reminder of the day of the first documented consecration of a church in Hüls on April 4, 1434. The word Kirmes = parish fair is derived from this.
Nicholas
On the evening of December 5th, punctually at 4 p.m., the “Holy Man” and his entourage appear at the top of the Church of St. Cyriakus and wave to the many onlookers. Afterwards he traditionally descends from the church tower in Hüls together with Nicodemus and Zaras and starts his earthly journey from here.
Bottermaat, barbecue championship and castle festival
The "Bottermaat" is a traditional craft market with regional significance that takes place every third Sunday in September. Numerous craftsmen and showmen present their craftsmanship publicly there and offer their products. Since 2013, the "NRW Grill Championship" has also been held in Hüls on the same day.
In addition, the Hüls sports club organizes the "Castle Festival" around Hüls Castle once a year.
Handicrafts
The term “Hülser Pottbäcker” encompasses potters of earthenware . These have been documented in Hüls since the middle of the 17th century. In 1657, Jacob Venten was the first to be mentioned in the monastery book of accounts of the Annunciation - now known as a cloister. In addition to simple, single-colored utensils, products of regional importance that were elaborately decorated with incisions and paintings were also produced.
dialect
Hülser Fasteloovend, culture and customs are closely related to the dialect typical of Hüls . In the course of many centuries the Hölsch Plott (Hülser Platt) has developed from the North Lower Franconian , which is cultivated in club life, in circles and in events of the Hülser Heimatverein . Hüls is located immediately north of the Uerdinger line , also known as the ek / ech border . The use of ek or ec for the personal pronoun I is characteristic of the Hülser dialect . In contrast, the one south of the sleeve in the other districts of Krefeld spoken Krieewelsch to südniederfränkischen speaking countries, including characteristic of the use of ech or esch for the pronoun I . In addition to dialect circles and dialect stage pieces, a large Hüls dialect evening takes place at least once a year in the sold-out hall .
Personalities
- Johann Gottfried Kauffmans (born July 17, 1708 in Hüls; † June 16, 1782 in Cologne), cath. Priest and keeper of the top seal of the Cologne Curia
- Christian Laurenz Roosen (* 1796 in Hüls; † 1877 in Hüls), first Hüls historian and benefactor of the community, bequeathed 75,000 marks on his death to build the Cecilia Hospital
- Heinrich Joeppen (born March 9, 1853 in Hüls, † February 22, 1927 in Hüls), cath. Priest and bishop, Catholic field provost for the Prussian army
- Jakob Nötges (born March 2, 1880 in Hüls, † December 11, 1963 in Cologne), Catholic. Priest and professor
- Franz Hartz (born June 15, 1882 in Hüls; † February 15, 1953), Catholic. Priest and representative of the Fulda Bishops' Conference for pastoral care for displaced persons
- Reinhold Friedrichs (born May 8, 1886 in Hüls, † 1964 in Münster), Catholic. Priest and police pastor, responsible for pastoral care at the Federal Border Guard
- Ferdinand Loy (born January 17, 1892 in Hüls, † June 23, 1969 in Steyl), Catholic. Priest and missionary in China
- Hans Schmitz († February 15, 2010 in Hüls), home club chairman and castle renovator
- Hans-Gerd Schütt (born June 12, 1958 in Schleiden), Catholic. Priest and Olympic minister
- Ulle Schauws (born April 30, 1966 in Hüls), German politician ( Alliance 90 / The Greens )
- Ken Jebsen (* 1966 in Hüls), German web video producer, activist and journalist
- Juliane Schenk (born November 26, 1982 in Krefeld), German badminton player
- Jannis Niewöhner (born March 30, 1992 in Hüls), German actor
literature
- Werner Mellen: Hüls. A chronicle. Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-9804002-1-2 .
- Johannes Wolters: Jubilee letter for the 600th anniversary of the parish on St. Cyriacus in Hüls. Hüls 1934.
- Karl Heußen: Hölsch Plott. Dictionary of the Hülser dialect. Ed .: Heimatverein Hüls eV, 2010.
- Karl Heußen: Hülser stories. How Hüls was saved by Breetlook. Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Hüls 2011, p. 44.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hülser Heimatblätter 2015, issue 62; Paul Schumacher in: Das Haus Hüls , pp. 941–943, Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Ed .: Heimatverein Hüls eV, Krefeld 2015
- ↑ Hülser Heimatblätter 2015, issue 62; Paul Schumacher in: Das Haus Hüls , pp. 941–943, Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Ed .: Heimatverein Hüls eV, Krefeld 2015
- ^ Helmut Sallmann: Die Krefelder Landwehren Print: Heilpädagogisches Zentrum Krefeld, 2005, p. 30
- ↑ Wilhelm Bartels: Lectures on the symbolic meaning of the Christian churches and their structural forms with a special relationship to the new parish church in Hüls. Dülmen, 1872
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 114 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 291 .
Benrad North | Benrad South | Bockum | Cracau | Dießem / Lehmheide | Fishing | Forstwald / Holterhöfe | Garden city | Gellep stratum | Sleeve | Hülser Berg | Inrath / Kliedbruch | Kempener Feld / Baackeshof | Linn | Oppum | City center | Traar | Uerdingen | Concealment