Uerdingen

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Uerdingen
City of Krefeld
Coat of arms of Uerdingen
Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 0 ″  N , 6 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 31 m
Residents : 18,324  (June 30, 2016)
Postal code : 47829
Area code : 02151

Uerdingen [ ˈyːɐ̯.dɪŋ.ən ] is a district and district of the independent city of Krefeld . The over 1200 year old town on the Rhine was elevated to a town in 1255 . After the city ​​merger with the city of Krefeld to form a special purpose association in 1929, the twin city ​​was called Krefeld-Uerdingen am Rhein . During the Nazi era , this community was eliminated and “Uerdingen am Rhein” was deleted from the city name. From 1945 until the regional reform in 1975, Uerdingen had a special legal status, which gave the district an unusually large municipal autonomy in Germany. The former twin city can still be seen today in the Krefeld city coat of arms , the right half of which consists of the Uerdingen coat of arms. Uerdingen is a medium-sized center with a catchment area of ​​over 50,000 people.

The city on the Rhine achieved national fame through products from the Dujardin distillery , the Uerdingen rail bus , its chemical industry and the football club KFC Uerdingen 05 , which is known as FC Bayer 05 Uerdingen u. a. 1985 DFB Cup winner .

Uerdinger Rheinbrücke to Duisburg-Mündelheim  - view from the Uerdinger Rheinpromenade

geography

Uerdingen borders in the west on the districts of Bockum , Gartenstadt and Elfrath , in the north-west on Traar , in the north on Duisburg - Rumeln-Kaldenhausen , in the north-east on Hohenbudberg and Duisburg- Rheinhausen , in the east on Duisburg- Mündelheim and on the other side of the Rhine to the south at Linn . Uerdingen has a 3.7 km long Rhine front and lies at Rhine km 765.

history

Antiquity and early Middle Ages

In the 1st century BC Chr. The invaded Romans under Julius Caesar in the Rhineland before. Finds prove their presence in the area of ​​today's Uerdingen. Particularly noteworthy is a six-part Roman grave find from the 2nd to 3rd centuries, which has been exhibited in the British Museum in London as Uerdingen Hoard since 1868 . The assumption of the derivation of the place name Uerdingen from the Roman general Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus , who had a fortified camp (Castra Ordeonii) here, is obvious. However, apart from in historical literature (including Gelenius at the beginning of the 17th century), there is no reliable evidence.

Around the year 400 AD the Romans withdrew. The conquest of the Franks began . It is believed that there was already a settlement in the Merovingian period in the 6th century . It is possible that the name is derived from the old Franconian terms Ord / Oorth and Ding / Thing, transformed into the spellings Ortdingi, Ordingen, Urdingi zu Uerdingen. Ord / Oorth is a tapered point, e.g. B. a sandbank in the Rhine or at the confluence of a tributary or stream into a main river.

First documentary mention

In 732/733 a farm in Hohenbudberg in Gellepgau was given to the Pfalzel monastery ( Trier ). The end of the 8th century is sure to start from the existence of the settlement, because in an applied through the abbey are around the year 900 Urbar of the Empire Good Friemersheim "Urdingi" was first mentioned for the period from 809 to 814.

High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages

Alt-Uerdingen

In the 12th century the old Uerdingen was owned by the Archbishopric of Cologne . 1176 was subject to the jurisdiction of the Vogtherrschaft Hohenbudberg.

For the geographical location of the old Uerdingens (before the new development at today's location) there are two unsecured assumptions:

  • a location east of the city wall of today's Uerdingen, a settlement emerged from the Roman camp Castra Ordeonii located exactly on the old Roman road. In the Middle Ages, the Rhine flowed further east before it shifted its bed to the west as a result of floods and ice drift and the city gradually sank into the floods.
(1) = Uerdingen today / Alt-Uerdingen until 1284: (2) = assumed location in the current bed of the Rhine; (3) = assumed location at the Gellep Roman fort
  • a location near the former Roman fort Gelduba near Krefeld-Gellep ; on the remains of the civil settlement of the old Roman fort, which was moved to a sub-island, where the Franks later built a village - at an "Orth", namely the tapering confluence of today's Mühlenbach. The old Uerdingen (Oorthdingi) could have emerged from this in the high Middle Ages. In the 12th century, when the Rhine was shifted, the island became a mainland, which was ultimately uninhabitable due to constant flooding.

In 1255 (Alt-) Uerdingen was given city ​​rights by Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden , far sooner than Krefeld in 1373 . A chapel probably already existed at that time (which can be seen from a deed of donation by Archbishop Siegfried von Westerburg ). A Henricus Fermentarius (= Grüter, von Grut ) is also documented as a witness in 1255 and is therefore the earliest evidence of beer brewing in Uerdingen.

Uerdingen after 1284

After a flood - probably in February 1284 - the old town was abandoned and a new town was built further west. The new Uerdingen was laid out and fortified similar to a rectangle from north to south in accordance with the urban planning understanding of that time. The old town of Uerdingen was twice as big as Alt-Linn and four times as big as Alt-Krefeld.

In 1285 Uerdingen became an independent parish, then in 1290 in its new place by von Hochstaden's successor, Siegfried von Westerburg , once again privileged as a city and became an office of the Electorate of Cologne . In 1297 a first bailiff from Liedberg and Uerdingen was mentioned, Knight Rembodo von Budberg. The Uerdingen office now comprised the honors Verberg , Rath , Vennikel and Hohenbudberg .

The first school was founded in 1306. 1306-1307 there was a customs list with about 20 Uerdinger ships. In 1314 the great city seal was mentioned and in 1317 a mayor .

Along with Rheinberg, Uerdingen was for many decades the northernmost electoral Cologne city on the Rhine and therefore extremely important in terms of customs policy, so that it was fortified with a city wall in the 14th century (first mentioned in 1333). The Rhine side was secured with the imposing Uerdingen Castle .

Around 1380, the St. Michael Hospital was founded by the transfer of assets from Uerdingen citizens. 1381–1383 the chapel was expanded to become the three-nave church of St. Peter . Contrary to the plague that was typical of the cities at the time , Uerdingen was not affected, which is why the clergy from Cologne came to Uerdingen for a while to seek protection.

In 1424 the city was pledged to the Count von der Mark and in 1430 it was pledged to the Bishop of Münster in Westphalia . In 1436 the town was redeemed and pledged to Arnd von Brempt. Through the "Drei Uerdinger Weisthümer" from 1454, the independent jurisdiction with mayor and lay judges is occupied. In 1463 the Archbishop of Cologne decreed that beer for free sale could only be brewed in the city and not in the surrounding area. There is evidence that the first known witch trial against Elsgen von Uerdingen was carried out in Neuss in 1493/94 . In 1502 the noble family Viermund-Neersen was enfeoffed with the Vogtei Uerdingen.

Renaissance and early modern times

City map 1724

Since the middle of the 16th century, the Uerdingen office had a dual position with the Linn office.

There were various brotherhoods and guilds in Uerdingen since the middle of the 15th century. There was a weekly market; further markets were added by the middle of the 19th century. Agriculture was always of secondary importance and mainly covered the residents' own needs. Reports from 1569 mention 700 communicants and 185 houses within the city walls.

In 1583 the rectory was looted and pillaged. In 1584 there was a fire in the city, while the city's occupations changed constantly during the Truchsessian War and the Cologne War . A witch trial in Uerdingen is documented for 1589. On July 2, 1625, the city, largely spared by the Thirty Years' War , was attacked by troops of Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld . In 1631 a Latin school was built ( Fabritianum ). In the final phase of the Thirty Years War, the city was besieged by the Hessians in vain in 1641. On January 14, 1642, Uerdingen was attacked jointly by Protestant Brandenburg-Weimar and French-Hessian troops from Wesel. It was captured after three days of Catholic, Imperial Cologne resistance. From January 17, 1642, the decisive battle took place on the Kempen Heide , as a result of which Uerdingen remained under the control of the Electorate of Cologne.

In 1650, Elector Ferdinand of Bavaria (1577–1650), in agreement with the Uerdingen magistrate, decided to set up a Franciscan convent (OFM) observers from the third rule of the order. The foundation stone for the Franciscan monastery was laid in 1656; it existed until secularization on the left bank of the Rhine in 1802.

In the Palatinate War of Succession, the united Dutch and Brandenburg troops won under Elector Friedrich III. von Brandenburg on March 12, 1689 in the decisive battle of Uerdingen against the French, which made the further advance through Haus Meer and Neuss possible until the siege of Bonn (1689) . At the end of the 17th century, the Rhine changed its course near Rheinberg. The city was now well to the west of it, which meant that the Cologne Rheinzollstätte there was closed in 1692 and relocated to Uerdingen. 1701–1715 troops crossed the city in the course of the War of the Spanish Succession . The Uerdingen town hall, which is still preserved today, was built in 1714–1725. The Uerdingen coat of arms is emblazoned above the door with the translated inscription: "God protect, the archbishop promote, the faithful Uerdinger honor the city".

In 1740 there was heavy ice on the Rhine, on February 29, 1784 there was a historic flood . The occupation by soldiers of the French Revolutionary Army began with the autumn campaign of 1794. On the night of September 5th to 6th, 1795, the French crossed the right bank of the Rhine near Uerdingen with an army of 45,000 soldiers and defeated the Austrian opponents. By 1802 the Lower Rhine was fully incorporated into the French Empire. On the night of June 16, 1801, the robber Anton Hauser from Uerdingen (Crefeld-Neusser gang) was shot and killed in a break-in in Viersen. From 1798 to 1804 Uerdingen was a French canton in the Arrondissement of Crefeld with its own Maire (mayor). The canton comprised 20 communities in the immediate vicinity. In 1804 Napoleon Bonaparte moved through Uerdingen, which at that time had 1629 inhabitants. He stayed in a hotel (across from the “Zur Krone” building). At the end of October 1811, Empress Marie-Louise of Austria visited the Rhine city on the way from Nijmegen to Düsseldorf for an extra-church music event.

1,814 marched during the liberation war I. against Napoleon Cossack one. Prussian rule began a year later . In 1817 there was again a severe famine and flood. The Rhine also caused floods in 1819, 1824 and 1825. Uerdingen already had 2064 inhabitants in 1825.

Industrialization and the early days

The city's location directly on the Rhine has always been extremely important for its economic development. As a result of the course of the Rhine turning away from Rheinberg, the Uerdinger landing site became the first pier for Dutch ships in the Cologne ore monastery in the early 18th century. Salt, colonial goods, coal and building materials for the western area around Kempen, Mönchengladbach and the Jülich area were handled here. This location should also have a positive effect on industrialization and further urbanization. On September 7, 1807 the casino company was founded out of the clearly detached upper class of Uerdingen . In 1810 the Dujardin & Co. company was founded. In 1832 the three Herberzhäuser were built, which were later to become the town hall, the pharmacy and the district court, the latter again later becoming the city library. The Theodor Müncker forwarding company was founded in 1829 and the Erlenwein forwarding company in 1830. In 1833 the casino company celebrated the laying of the foundation stone for the Gesellschaftshaus am Rhein. In 1845 Uerdingen had 2988 inhabitants. On July 1, 1848, the Städtische Sparkasse Uerdingen was founded. The Ruhrort-Crefeld-Kreis Gladbacher Eisenbahngesellschaft connected Uerdingen with Homberg (Duisburg) and Gladbach from mid-October 1849. As early as 1854 this railway line reached from the Belgian border via Aachen and on the other side via the Ruhrort – Homberg route to Oberhausen. The first permanent embankment walls were built on the Rhine around 1854.

In 1855 the Neu-Uerdingen (mine) union was founded in Gelsenkirchen - Ückendorf by a consortium of financiers from Uerdingen and France (Societe du mines et fonderies du Rhin, Detilleux & Cie.). In 1873 the name was changed to the Alma union, the Alma colliery after which the Uerdinger sold their shares. In August 1856, Uerdingen was awarded the Rhenish Town Code. In the years between 1830 and 1880, the city on the Rhine was repeatedly ravaged by smallpox and typhus . In 1864 the Kolping family Uerdingen ( Kolping Society ) was founded as a journeyman's association under Kaplan Schumacher . In 1866 the higher city school (from 1955 Fabritianum) was inaugurated. In 1869 the Uerdingen volunteer fire brigade was founded. The citizens and the city recognized the need for a well-equipped and organized fire brigade for the expanding city on the Rhine and its economy.

In 1875 the St. Joseph Hospital was inaugurated after the hospital for St. Michael (today Klöske) had not been able to cope with the growing demands and sick numbers since 1815 and nursing was carried out in the former Franciscan monastery on Niederstraße since 1815. From 1866 to 1962, cellists who moved from Cologne looked after the hospital.

The city ​​gates were demolished by 1877 , most recently the Obertor with the smithy Josef Dedens housed in it. The demolition of the city gate, which was already very dilapidated at the time, took advantage of the increasing traffic of wagons and vehicles on the increasingly important north-south connection through the city. In the same year Edmund ter Meer founded his company Dr. E. ter Meer & Cie for the production of tar colors, which later developed into the Bayer plant .

In 1887 and 1888 the Uerdingen shipyard was redesigned to meet the requirements of the new era. It was essentially given its present form.

Since 1884, Crefeld-Uerdinger Localbahn AG (operator City of Crefeld) has taken up numerous steam train connections between Uerdingen and Krefeld ( Krefeld tram ). In 1898 the Uerdingen wagon factory (now Siemens AG) was founded by the casino company . Uerdingen received a municipal slaughterhouse (Parkstrasse). Further important industrial and trading companies were founded: u. a. the August Büttner works (later Babcock-BSH ), lead works Gustav Röhr, Alberdingk & Boley (oil), F. Holtz u. R. Willemsen (edible oil), Kathreiner's malt coffee, Schwengers and Sons sugar refinery, Lüps and Melcher sugar refinery.

As is customary at the turn of the century and the following years, companies built housing estates for workers and employees in their vicinity. This was intended to create a bond between the employees and the company in order to retain trained staff. But the satisfaction of the employees also played a role, as the company apartments were mostly equipped with gardens, which enabled them to supply themselves with potatoes, vegetables and small animals. Particularly noteworthy is the rapid development of the north of Uerdingen with the Ter-Meer settlement, which has been a listed building since 1994, and the apartments of the wagon factory.

Around 1900 there were three breweries (Jac. And Jos. Horster, Ludw. And Frz. Wwe Lentzen, Anton Wwe Schmitz). After the incorporation of Linn into Krefeld in 1901, the importance of the Uerdingen Rhine port decreased noticeably, as the goods for Krefeld and the hinterland could now be handled via the newly built Rheinhafen Krefeld in 1906 .

In 1905 today's large cemetery was laid out on Friedensstrasse. Due to the expansion of Uerdingen in the north and increasing industrialization, the old cemetery was closed and desecrated. A remnant part with old gravestones still exists today on Duisburger Str. Opposite the Siemens AG parking lot.

FC Uerdingen 05 was founded in 1905 . The city now had 7887 inhabitants. With the completion of the city baths (1907) and the city park (1910), the city library (1914) and the Catholic Church of St. Heinrich (1915) , the modern slaughterhouse and the pumping station , the wealth and the new self-confidence of the city became visible.

During the Belgian-French occupation in the post-war chaos of World War I , Uerdingen was also occupied by separatists in 1923 in order to achieve a Rhenish republic .

From 1924 onwards, the Uerdingen pharmacist August Diedenhofen (pharmacy on the market) sold his self-developed “Trocken-Expektorans” under the brand name Rheila-Hustenperlen. In 1925, large parades took place in many cities on the Rhine, including Uerdingen, to mark the 1000th anniversary of the Rhineland . In 1929 Uerdingen had 14,500 inhabitants.

Local reorganization and territorial reforms

In December 1927, the Prussian Minister of the Interior instructed the District President of Düsseldorf to undertake the preparatory work for a local reorganization. The aim was to reduce the number of counties. Krefeld was to add parts of the Kempen districts and the city of Uerdingen. In 1927, Hohenbudberg and Hagschinkel (southern part of Kaldenhausen ) joined the city of Uerdingen. “The most important thing for the city of Uerdingen is to maintain its self-government and its unaffected independence”, it said in a resolution by the Uerdingen city council. The city of Uerdingen could also have merged into the district of Moers. For cultural, economic, historical and general local political reasons, however, this path was probably not feasible.

The solution was therefore a special purpose association in the form of an "umbrella community" between the two cities of Krefeld and Uerdingen. Under one roof, both cities should largely maintain their administration and independence for a period of 15 to 30 years. The necessary contract between the two cities was to become a fundamental part of the law on the municipal reorganization of the Rhenish-Westphalian industrial area of July 29, 1929 (Part I. § 7). The idea of ​​the "umbrella community" concept with a merger agreement was approved after hard struggle in the Prussian state parliament. After tough negotiations between the mayors Wilhelm Warsch for Uerdingen and Johannes Johansen for Krefeld, the contract for an association-based merger of the cities of Krefeld and Uerdingen am Rhein (unification contract) came about. He took into account the historical significance as well as the economic development and the status of the old Rhine city. On November 23, 1928, the agreement was approved by a majority in the assemblies of both cities. The community town and the urban district were called Krefeld-Uerdingen am Rhein with the two independent districts of Krefeld and Uerdingen , in accordance with the German urban code for the Rhine Province of 1856 . In the spring of 1930, the legal relationships between the districts and the entire city were regulated in an additional contract. This contract came into force on April 25, 1930, in addition to the new required local statutes.

The construct of the twin city of Krefeld-Uerdingen a. Rh. Has been a thorn in the side of the National Socialists since they came to power. Starting in 1933, the first steps to abolish this construct were taken. In 1938 the mayor Aldehoff was moved to voluntarily resign from office and replaced by the Krefeld city council and SS standard bearer Emil Hürter. On April 1, 1940, on the basis of the German Municipal Code (DGO) of January 30, 1935, which was based on the Führer principle, the umbrella community was established under the leadership of the National Socialist Krefeld Lord Mayor and SA Oberturmbannführer Alois Heuyng and Mayor Hürter, contrary to the current restructuring law and the community town agreement eliminated. With the motto “Uerdingen must become Krefeld”, the massive dismantling of duplicate and decentralized structures began. On September 1, 1940, the Städtische Sparkasse Uerdingen was incorporated into the Stadt- Sparkasse Krefeld . Heuyng and other officials from the city's NS leadership fled across the Rhine to Wuppertal on March 1, 1945. From May to the end of July 1945 the industrialist Edmund Holtz was appointed mayor by the Americans.

From July 1, 1945, the politically innocent Wilhelm Warsch was reappointed by the Allies as first alderman of the city of Krefeld and mayor of Uerdingen. In 1946 he became honorary mayor of the city of Krefeld. Warsch tried to reverse the communal injustice experienced by the Rhine city. Since 1946, Uerdingen had a special position within the city with the assurance of "unlimited administrative autonomy, a mayor, its own local statutes and its own district representation". However, it was not comparable with Uerdingen's position in the earlier umbrella community. The correction of the city name Krefeld introduced in 1940 by nefas in Krefeld-Uerdingen a. Rh. Did not take place. Despite this, Warsch concluded, convinced that Uerdingen had achieved independence within the entire city, the first district representative meeting in February 1947 with the words "Oeding blievt Oeding". The municipal legal structure with districts and district mayors was exemplary and groundbreaking for the North Rhine-Westphalian municipal legislation in 1952. The special position that Uerdingen achieved after the war within the city of Krefeld was largely abolished in 1975 as part of the regional reform in North Rhine-Westphalia .

National Socialist Period

In 1933, planning and construction of the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge began based on a design by Friedrich Voss . On June 7, 1936, the bridge was opened under the name “ Adolf Hitler Bridge” on behalf of Rudolf Heß .

On November 30, 1937, the motor cargo ship MS Uerdingen was launched at the Lübeck Flender works . It was the most modern ship of this class (1200 GRT) and operated for the Ernst Russ Reederei in the Rhine-Sea service. During the Second World War , the ship operated as a submarine tender ( submarine support ship ) also under the name Uerdingen . It was stationed in the Baltic Sea in the Gotenhafen ( Gdynia ) / Danzig (Gdansk) area, where it was subordinate to the 8th U-Flotilla . In the last months of the war, the Uerdingen was repeatedly used in the association to evacuate refugees in the Baltic Sea.

On the afternoon of November 10, 1938, the Uerdingen synagogue, a Jewish prayer house built in 1841 behind Bruchstrasse 2 (memorial plaque) was destroyed in the course of the Reichspogromnacht . Due to the risk of fire, the objects from the prayer house on the nearby market square were burned. At 10:45 p.m. on the same day, the end of the pogrom was officially announced. The house of prayer was only demolished afterwards.

As part of the so -called immediate Führer program of October 10, 1940, four communal raised bunkers (Arndtstr./Lindenplatz, Lassenhofweg, Heinrichsplatz, central bunker Am Röttgen) and a communal tunnel bunker (under the market square) were built in Uerdingen . On June 21 and 22, 1943, there was a devastating air raid by the Allied forces on neighboring Krefeld. The old town of Uerdingen was only partially destroyed by air raids during the war, as the Allies could not clearly assign the former independent Rhine city during their attacks on the Rhineland and the Ruhr area. The focus of the attack, however, was the Uerdingen industry. The IG Farben plant (later Bayer plant) was at the top of the priority list in the air raids on the Ruhr area . Here, Fritz ter Meer, was a man who was a military economist who was convicted as a war criminal in the Nuremberg trials . The Uerdingen wagon factory , which manufactured armored railway guns and springs for air-adjustable screws, was also classified as priority 1 . Boley & Co. was the only manufacturer of an aviation fuel additive that made it possible for Air Force aircraft to fly at greater heights. The city center of Uerdingen was hit on the night of bombing from August 22nd to 23rd, 1943. The approximately 3/4 hour air attack was carried out by around 350 Allied airmen on their return flight to Great Britain, who had previously flown to Leverkusen and the southern Ruhr area. The St. Peter Church was hit by a fire bomb and the church nave was destroyed down to the foundation walls due to failure to fight the fire by the official municipal side (fire chief Emil Hürter). The legal punishment for failing to fight the fire in the post-war period was unsuccessful.

At the beginning of March 1945 American troops of the 9th US Army ( 2nd US Armored Division ) advanced towards the Rhine city as part of Operation Grenade . The aim of the Americans was to conquer the intact Uerdingen Rhine bridge. On March 2, US tanks hit the south and east of Krefeld and the bombardment of Uerdingen began. On March 3, the Wehrmacht strengthened its defensive position in Uerdingen, Stratum and along the left bank of the Rhine (including parts of the 3rd and 2nd Parachute Division , Panzer-Lehr Division ). Heavy fighting broke out, with the Uerdingen city center suffering particular damage and in the course of which the Americans managed to break through to the Rhine bridge, but because of a four-meter hole in the roadway, could not cross it and had to turn it off again. At dawn on March 4, six US soldiers made it to the east side of the bridge to find that this part was severely damaged and unusable for vehicles. Shortly after the soldiers returned to the western side of the Rhine at around 6 a.m., German pioneers blew up the middle section of the bridge with the help of a truck loaded with ammunition. The German troops on the left bank of the Rhine gradually withdrew to the north and crossed on 8/9. March at Homberg the Rhine towards the Ruhr area. In the last days of the war, many foreign workers from the surrounding companies were deployed to defend the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge and the bridgehead . A large part was killed. After the American invasion, a kindergarten on Kastanienstraße in North Uerdingen was supposed to be confiscated for the military police, which was prevented by the then director Mechthild Siever.

From the beginning of March to the end of June 1945, Edmund Holtz was appointed by the Americans as acting mayor of Uerdingen. For the population of the city, the war was not yet over for good. From March 19, 1945, around 20,000 residents had to leave their houses, apartments or emergency quarters for a month. The military government had arranged for the evacuation, based on the impending bombing of the right bank of the Rhine by the German Wehrmacht. In fact, it was more likely a deception maneuver by the Allies to distract from their actually planned Rhine crossing at Wesel. It was not until April 13, 1945 that the Americans, coming from Duisburg, marched into Mündelheim opposite on the right bank of the Rhine .

The Uerdingen memorial of honor by the sculptor Peter Stammen on Wallgarten (war memorial), today for the victims of both world wars, largely dispenses with military symbols - untypical for the time it was built (around 1930) - and depicts a sower who worked in the fields of past wars sows a peaceful future.

Post-war until today

From July 1, 1945, the politically innocent Wilhelm Warsch was again first alderman of the city of Krefeld and mayor of Uerdingen.

On February 5, 1946, Konrad Adenauer was elected CDU state chairman at a board meeting of the Rhineland CDU regional association in Uerdingen (premises of the evangelical clubhouse, Bruchstrasse 22) , which marked the beginning of his political post-war career.

From 1948 the Rhine bridge was largely rebuilt according to the old plans and reopened on November 4, 1950 by the Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia Karl Arnold as the " Krefeld-Uerdinger Bridge ".

Due to the complete destruction of the Krefeld city center, the Krefeld population had to be supplied by the only functioning waterworks in Uerdingen. One of the first Uerdingen carnival songs in 1951 with the title “Wenn Oeding will, mot Kriewel verdrüje” (“dröm let's left and right net just so lieje”) by Karl Fischer referred to this unfortunate circumstance . From 1952 to 1954, a river waterworks unique in Europe was built near the Rhine bridge on the former site of the Phrix factory.

On March 5, 1954, the special wine tanker MS Imperial (300 GRT) was launched at the Elmshorn shipyard HD Kremer Sohn ( Kremer shipyard ), which was commissioned by the Dujardin & Co. distillery. The correspondent owner was Scheper's Rhein-See-Linie . The seagoing vessel connected the Dujardin distillery to the major French wine ports via Rotterdam . On May 3, 1959, a river pioneer company (FlußPiKp 732) was set up and based in Uerdingen. In September the FlußPiKp 733 was added (later both renamed as FlußPiKp 832). This was dissolved in 1986.

Mighty, closed flood protection gate "Rheintor" (2018)

In 1961 the Michaelskirche was demolished and rebuilt. From 1975 to 1976 the Uerdingen District Court was dissolved. In 1979 the Uerdingen pedestrian zone was inaugurated. In the course of the necessary renovation work, two medieval wells were discovered. There were some celebrations for the 725th anniversary of the city on the Rhine. The highlight was the flower parade in the summer of 1980. In 2005 the 750th anniversary of the granting of city rights was celebrated with many events and a large medieval festival. In 2007, when the Obertor / Wallgarten area was redesigned, the foundations of the Obertor, which was demolished in 1877, were found. The foundation walls for the future are marked in the paving. From 2014 to 2016, the Rhine dike in Uerdingen was completely renovated as part of the Rhine flood protection. At the same time it was upgraded with the redesign of the dike crown. With the renovation, an important part of flood protection for around 25,000 citizens was implemented.

dialect

The Uerdinger line (Ik-Ich line) runs on the northeastern outskirts of the city . This important German language border stretches from the Belgian lion over south of Frankfurt / Oder to the formerly German-speaking area in Polish Posen , Marienburg and around Allenstein . South of this line (including Uerdingen) the personal pronoun ich is pronounced as ech or isch , north of this line one speaks ek or ick . In the Krefeld area, the border runs in the Hüls district and near Rheinhausen / Moers .

In Uerdingen, some residents still speak “Oedingsch Platt”, a local Lower Franconian dialect. Oedingsch is not to be confused with the " Krieewelsch ", the Krefeld dialect. The two dialects are based on the different historical and sovereign development of the two cities, which were also relatively spatially separated from each other until the 1930s. A clear differentiator is z. B. Oedingsch: "ech han", Kriewelsch: "isch häb" for "I have". In addition, the "Oedingsch Platt" has its own developments such as B. the Ratsveedcher Platt, which is mainly spoken in the west of Uerdingen around the Lindenplatz.

A song in Uerdinger dialect is Oeding blievt Oeding (os Städtche am Rhien) by Andreas Otto Kickers. It is also known as the "Uerdinger Hymne". The author describes the life and history of his city and its inhabitants. On many occasions the “Rhienstädter” sing a part of this song, and thus maintain and receive the “Oedingsch Platt” to a certain extent.

politics

Classicist Uerdingen town hall - today the town hall, a pharmacy and a branch of the city library are housed there.

General

When universal suffrage for men was introduced in 1867, the majority of the population was close to the center due to its Catholic character and religious beliefs. The Social Democratic Party and later the Communists found it difficult to anchor and develop their organization in the factories. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that they managed to achieve visible growth in elections. After the Second World War, voters in Uerdingen were, with a few interruptions, predominantly social-democratic . Only in the center of Uerdingen can the CDU regularly achieve a majority.

Uerdingen district

The district makes up the largest part of the Uerdingen district. The Uerdingen district also includes parts of the Linn (Rheinhafen) district and the entire Gellep-Stratum district. The boundaries of the districts of Krefeld-Ost and Uerdingen are not congruent with the district boundaries of Uerdingens, Bockums , Gartenstadt and Traars . Uerdingen is divided into the municipal electoral districts 35 Uerdingen and 37 Uerdingen / Gellep. In 2008, significant parts of Uerdingen-West (including Kampstrasse and Lassenhofweg) were added to the Bockum constituency 28, which led to violent protests from the affected Uerdingen population.

The district representation Uerdingen since 2014:

Total (15 seats / 100%)

District Chairman: Jürgen Hengst

coat of arms

Balcony of the Uerdingen town hall with the old Uerdingen city arms

Blazon : “Cross-split shield. The upper field in blue, the lower field in red. Two golden keys (four-pass widths) next to each other with beards facing upwards ”.

The coat of arms is first documented in the city seal from 1314. The keys are the attribute of Saint Peter, the patron saint of the city. Blue and red symbolize heaven and hell. Although the two colors must not coincide according to the principles of heraldry, the Uerdingen coat of arms has been documented in this way for centuries. An adaptation of the coat of arms according to heraldic principles was never considered.

The city flag is blue and red.

Landmark

The most famous and widely visible landmark of Uerdingen is the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge from 1936, a listed monument since 1987. It has been illuminated at night since the 1980s. The church of St. Peter with its four distinctive baroque towers, the "Klöske" - the former medieval hospital Zum Heiligen Michael - and the "Owl Tower " may also be mentioned. The landmark of the western district of Uerdingen is the so-called Buss mill .

Economy, infrastructure, traffic

Uerdingen essentially consists of its city center, North Uerdingen (popularly known as Braunschweig), Uerdingen-West and the districts Hagschinkel and Hohenbudberg, which were added later .

The industrial area extends mainly to the northern part of the Rhine city (Uerdingen-Nord industrial area) and is dominated by various chemical companies that manufacture plastics, color pigments and chemical intermediates here. Since the end of the 1990s, the companies have been spun off from Bayer AG and also sold to other owners. The Chempark Krefeld-Uerdingen was created with numerous companies on the former Bayer site. The operator of the Chempark is Currenta , based in Leverkusen. Well-known companies in the Chempark are Covestro , Lanxess , Trianel and the Currenta subsidiaries Tectrion and Chemion. Bayer AG holds shares in the individual companies, but is no longer represented in Chempark itself. The world's largest production facility for iron oxide pigments is located in the Uerdingen plant of Lanxess Deutschland GmbH . The world's largest coherent production of polycarbonate (brand name Makrolon ) is located at Covestro (formerly Bayer Material Science) in Uerdingen, the “cradle” of this material.

Another important branch of industry is rail vehicle construction. The Waggonfabrik Uerdingen , which was founded in Uerdingen (Casino) in 1898 and later part of DUEWAG, also produces the legendary Uerdingen rail bus in the northern industrial area . Today the Siemens AG plant is one of the most modern rail vehicle production facilities in Europe. Only passenger trains are built here. The plant in Uerdingen is considered the competence center for high-speed trains in Germany (ICE). High-speed trains for the whole world are manufactured at the Krefeld-Uerdingen location.

Chempark in Uerdingen - view from the Uerdingen Rhine bridge

Alberdingk Boley GmbH, located in the southern part of the Rhine, has been producing and researching since 1886 . The company is a world leader in the development and manufacture of aqueous plastic dispersions, water-based polyurethane dispersions and adhesive dispersions. The Dujardin distillery has its headquarters in Uerdingen . Well-known products from this house are Dujardin brandy, Melchers Rat, Uerdinger and Dujardin Fine.

Listed station building (2018)

Uerdingen is very well located in terms of traffic. The city has always been located on the Rhine waterway and the old Roman road, but is now directly accessible via the BAB 57 . The federal road 57 also ran through Uerdingen. The Uerdinger Rheinbrücke shortens the route to cities on the right bank of the Rhine. With the Duisburg – Mönchengladbach railway line , both the Lower Rhine (possibly with another change in Krefeld or Duisburg) as well as the Ruhr area and Münsterland can be reached by train from Krefeld-Uerdingen station . Line 043 of the Krefeld tram also runs there . The proximity to the state capital Düsseldorf and the third largest German airport Düsseldorf should be emphasized . Cities such as Cologne , Kleve , Dortmund and Aachen are relatively close. Many destinations can be reached by public transport at the VRR tariff .

The city on the Rhine is regarded as a medium-sized center with a catchment area of ​​more than 50,000 people from the surrounding villages and districts of Krefeld. The Uerdinger center has a pedestrian zone with shops to satisfy daily needs. There are numerous cafes, bakeries and restaurants. For marketing and special events / festivities for dealers, the Uerdinger Kaufmannsbund e. V. responsible. Twice a week there is a weekly market on the Röttgen, where, among other things, fresh, regional products are sold.

Uerdingen is well looked after by the Malteser Hospital St. Josefshospital with approx. 280 beds (10,500 patients), various practicing doctors and the existing pharmacies. The district has two retirement and nursing homes.

religion

Market square in Uerdingen with the Catholic parish church of St. Peter
Evangelical Michaelskirche (2018)

The majority of the population of Uerdingen has been Catholic since it was founded . From the beginning there was a chapel, which was looked after by the mother parish of St. Matthias in Hohenbudberg until 1285 . In 1285 the chapel at its current location was raised to the status of an independent parish of St. Peter by the Roman Catholic Archbishop Siegfried von Westerburg . From 1381 to 1383 it was expanded into a three-aisled church. The 600-year-old Romanesque-Gothic tower dates from this period. A first Uerdingen pastor is recorded for 1399. Since then, the church has been badly damaged four times: in 1463 by fire, 1627 by storm, 1799 by flood, 1943 by a fire bomb. At the beginning of the 20th century, due to the great expansion of the city to the north, it became necessary to build another Catholic church, the St. Heinrich Church . The architect Hans Rummel created the construction plans for this, while the artist Otto Linnemann from Frankfurt created numerous glass windows for the church in 1914. In 1915 it was solemnly consecrated by Archbishop Felix von Hartmann and in 1919 raised to an independent parish. In the 1950s, another parish was consecrated in the west of Uerdingen, the St. Paul Church . In 2010 the parishes of the dean's office in Krefeld Ost , which are now part of the Aachen diocese , merged to form the new parish of St. Nikolaus. St. Peter in Uerdingen is the parish church. Other associated churches are: St. Heinrich (Uerdingen), St. Paul (Uerdingen), St. Matthias (Hohenbudberg), St. Andreas (Gellep-Stratum) , St. Margaretha and Mariä Himmelfahrt (Linn) and St. Pius (Garden City and Elfrath) .

Uerdingen belonged to the Catholic-Electoral Archdiocese of Cologne until 1803/15 , which Protestants only tolerated as an exception. Reformation influences were noticeable here before 1550, but these were completely pushed back after 1580 (a Protestant pastor was mentioned for 1576–1579). In 1789 the Dutch skipper Wolter Mauritz, as a Calvinist / Protestant, received the permanent right of settlement from the Archbishop of Cologne for the first time. Only through the Prussian rule from 1815 and increasing industrialization-related immigration did the number of Protestants grow steadily. On February 18, 1846, the first public service for the now 250 Protestant fellow citizens could take place in a prayer room. On March 13, 1848, by royal decree of Friedrich Wilhelm IV, the community was officially founded, which - until the establishment of a United Church - was shaped by Calvinism . In 1862 the first Protestant church on Niederstrasse was consecrated. By 1932 the community had grown to around 3500 members. In the years after the war the church became too small. In 1961 it was torn down and, according to the plans of the well-known church builder Heinrich Otto Vogel , today's Michaelskirche was built and inaugurated in 1964. Likewise, the Protestant community center on Kronenstrasse with glass windows by the artist Georg Meistermann was built in the early 1960s . The Protestant parish today extends over the localities of Uerdingen, Linn, Gellep-Stratum and has around 5500 members.

The first mentions of Jewish residents in Uerdingen were in connection with reports of their persecution and extermination on the entire Lower Rhine from June to August 1349. In 1780, six Jewish families were counted in the town and office of Uerdingen. A Jewish prayer house existed in Uerdingen since the beginning of the 1840s, when the Jewish community had more than 80 members. The Jews from Friemersheim were also present at church services . The Uerdingen Jews owned a burial site near Linn (im Bruch), which was also used by fellow believers from Osterath , Bockum and Hohenbudberg. At the beginning of the 1930s there were around 35 Jewish citizens in Uerdingen. The anti-Jewish riots began on November 10, 1938 ( November pogroms 1938 ). Since it was not possible to set fire to the house of prayer due to the structural conditions, the interior of the building, including the cult objects, was cleared away on the initiative of the NSDAP local group leadership and piled up on the Uerdingen market square to form a pyre that was set on fire. Later the roof was covered and the walls were put down. The few Jewish shops and apartments were also devastated. From 1947 to 1950, nine men stood before the court who had to answer for the fire in the market.

Due to the increasing number of recruited guest workers in the early 1960s, the number of Muslims residing in Uerdingen also increased . There are two mosques .

Churches and mosques

Architectural monuments

Baroque mansion house Neuhofs

In the old town on the Rhine, some remarkable buildings have been preserved over the centuries, which were included in the list of monuments of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia (see list of architectural monuments in Uerdingen ). There are around 70 protected buildings in the old town and around the market square alone. Also worth seeing is the Teer Meer settlement in North Uerdingen, which was placed under monument protection in 1994 and consists of a self-contained workers' settlement from the 1920s. Two-storey terraced houses made of brick with large gardens for the former employees of the chemical factories, formerly Weiler Teer Meer, characterize the settlement. The client was Edmund ter Meer . The list of architectural monuments in Uerdingen includes protected buildings from the town of Hohenbudberg, which has been part of the town since 1927, with its imposing, predominantly Romanesque church, the oldest church in the city. Numerous monuments from more recent times such as the Meistermann House and, last but not least, the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge from 1936 paint a picture of the time span of the buildings in Uerdingen that are worth seeing.

education

schools

There are three primary schools in Uerdingen , one secondary school , one comprehensive school and two grammar schools . There is also a special school and a vocational school .

  • Community elementary school Joseph-Görres-Straße
  • Heinrichschule, community elementary school Körnerstraße
  • Catholic elementary school Traarer Straße and Edith Stein elementary school
  • Von Ketteler School (secondary school)
  • School on the Uerdinger Rundweg (with a focus on learning)
  • Uerdingen comprehensive school
  • Gymnasium at the city park
  • Fabritianum high school
  • Vocational college Uerdingen

Arboretum

Arboretum in the Uerdingen city park

In March 2019, the Friends and Patrons of the Uerdinger Stadtpark e. V. opened the arboretum (tree nature trail) in the Uerdingen city park . It is home to around 70 different tree species, including around 20 trees of the year .

Sports

The first clubs for physical training were founded early, from the middle of the 19th century. The Turnverein-Uerdingen 1875 e. V. is today the oldest, still existing sports club in the city on the Rhine. Many football sports clubs have been founded over time. Today there are still five clubs that focus on ball sports. The best known is the KFC Uerdingen 05 , which plays in the 3rd division . The home games take place in the Merkur Spiel-Arena of the first division club Fortuna Düsseldorf . The actual home ground, the Grotenburg Stadium in Krefeld-Bockum near the zoo, is being renovated. There is space for 34,500 spectators.

In the 1950s, Bayer AG decided to promote social and sporting life by taking over long-established clubs and founding new ones. Bayer is promoting the construction of sports facilities and event rooms (Albert Olbermann House). With over 9500 members, SV Bayer Uerdingen 08 is one of the largest swimming clubs in Germany. The sailing club Bayer Uerdingen is, measured by its sporting titles, the most successful sailing club in Germany.

Bayer sports clubs

  • SC Bayer 05 Uerdingen (1905–1953: FC Uerdingen 05; 1953–1995: FC Bayer 05 Uerdingen)
  • Uerdinger Rowing Club 1907
  • SV Bayer Uerdingen 08
  • Chess Club 1923 Bayer Uerdingen
  • Ski Club Bayer Uerdingen
  • Fishing club Bayer 1957 Uerdingen
  • Riding club Bayer Uerdingen
  • Bayer Uerdingen Sailing Club
  • Aeroclub Bayer Uerdingen

Independent sports clubs

  • TV Uerdingen 1875
  • KFC Uerdingen 05 (1905–1953: FC Uerdingen 05; 1953–1995: FC Bayer 05 Uerdingen)
  • SSF Aegir Uerdingen 07
  • Uerdinger Rowing Club 1907
  • VfB Uerdingen 1910
  • Association for German Shepherds, OG Uerdingen, 1923
  • TC Blau-Rot Uerdingen, 1926
  • Uerdinger Kanu Club 1931
  • Bahnengolfclub Uerdingen, 1969
  • SG 1976 Uerdingen
  • Sportfreunde Uerdingen 1992

leisure

carnival

The Rhenish carnival also plays a major role in Uerdingen. The “Oeding'sche Fastelovend” has been documented in the city on the Rhine since the end of the 18th century, although activities up to the middle of the 19th century were mainly limited to domestic premises. Only then did the street carnival develop, in which costumed and masked groups wandered around. As early as 1837, the first modest carnival parade moved from Linn to Uerdingen. The first documented Rose Monday procession in Uerdingen itself took place in 1860. After that, the carnival parades took place at irregular intervals. A carnival parade with carriages from a large number of companies and a “Prince Carneval and his followers” ​​is documented for Rose Monday 1895. It has been held since 1936, now on the Sunday before Shrove Monday , under the organization of the Carnival Parade Association founded for this purpose. The city on the Rhine has had a carnival prince known by name since 1936, and a princess from 1937. The first carnival society Närrische Rheinbrücke was founded in 1860. In 1870 the foolish Reichstag was added as a second society . In 1890 there were already ten carnival societies, many of which disappeared again after a short time. Only the Uerdingen fools guild from 1896 held its annual meetings until the beginning of the First World War in 1914, but dissolved as a result of the chaos of war and occupation. After the First World War, numerous carnival societies were founded, a large number of which still exist today. The first train after the war took place in 1950 under the motto “Crazy as before”. Even after the Second World War, some new companies were founded. To this day, the customs are cultivated by the local associations and thus the German cultural heritage in its Lower Rhine variant is preserved. To this end, the carnival clubs offer a wide range of leisure options throughout the year.

Carnival clubs and groups that exist today:

  • KG Braunschweiger Narrenzunft 1924, BNZ, origin in northern Uerdingen (Braunschweig) provides the prince's guard
  • KG Eulenturm 1932 (re-established in 1993), originating in Uerdingen city center, represents the historical figure of the Hoppeditz
  • Carnival procession association Uerdingen 1936, KZV, including organization of the carnival procession
  • KG Op de Höh 1952, originating in Uerdingen-West (Ratsveedel), provides the prince's escort guard
  • Uerdinger vigilante group 1962, escort guard of the Uerdingen princess
  • Association of Uerdingen Ministers in Carnival (VUMiK, 1976), Association of former Carnival Ministers of Uerdingen
  • Thrown together fools (ZGN, 2010), originally founded independent craftsmen
  • Association of the Ex-Princesses, Association of the former Princesses of Uerdingen
  • "Abendrot" association of the ex-princes, association of the former princes of Uerdingen

leisure offers

There is the Tambour and Fanfarenkorps Spielfreunde Uerdingen 1927 e. V. and the Uerdingen men's choir (MGV 1848).

The Uerdinger Heimatbund e. V. has been involved in local research and tradition since it was founded in 1929. He maintains the local museum for the iron and owns many historical sources and exhibits on the history of Uerdingen. He regularly organizes city tours through historic Uerdingen.

Recreational areas

Indoor swimming pool Stadtbad Uerdingen

The swimming pool, which opened in 1907, offers swimmers three lanes ẚ 16.7 meters. The swimming pool is largely preserved in Art Nouveau style and transports visitors back to the imperial era. The water temperature is usually 28 ° C. There are also hot bathing days.

Trips from Rhein Steiger

Day trips and multi-day trips are carried out regularly by the Eureka shipping company and the white fleet Mülheim.

Events

  • Carnival: Carnival events in the large tent on the market, large Sunday parade
  • Easter: traditional egg picking ( Easter egg table ), forecourt of Michael’s Church
  • June / July: Rheinstadtfest Oeding Open
  • July: traditional Pantaleons fair (for 200 years) with a big fireworks display
  • September: Autumn festival in Uerdinger City
  • November: Zinter Mätes, Martin parades, Martinsmarkt
  • November: Carnival awakening in the marquee on the market square
  • December: traditional visit to the Sinterklaas from Venlo (NL) at the Christmas market

Culinary specialty

Oedingsche Puplöckskes are a traditional specialty from Uerdingen that has also been in bakeries there since around the middle of the 19th century. On special occasions like Christmas, New Year's Eve and Carnival, the pastries were bought by the locals. In addition, it was always very popular with Rhine tourists as a sweet souvenir "ut Oeding an de Rhien" (from Uerdingen am Rhein). Oedingsche Puplöckskes are small, ring-shaped pretzel pastries in the Rhenish style that were usually sold to “een Koht” on a ribbon / cord. It is comparable to the Eastern European Bubliki and may have its origin there. The local specialty has slowly been forgotten since the late 1950s, but is still prepared in the local kitchen.

Aid organizations

  • DLRG local group Uerdingen 1927 e. V.
  • DRK local association Uerdingen in KV Krefeld
  • Uerdingen volunteer fire brigade
  • Citizens' Association Uerdingen am Rhein e. V.

Personalities

Mayor / District Mayor

  • Heinrich Theißen (born September 25, 1857 - † October 5, 1945)
  • Wilhelm Warsch (December 6, 1895 - December 27, 1969)
  • Friedrich Aldehoff (born January 22, 1868 - † November 7, 1951)
  • Adolf Dembach (born September 3, 1894 - † October 14, 1982)
  • Grete Schmitz (born December 10, 1906, † April 20, 1975)
  • Kurt Groten (born March 7, 1919 - † August 31, 1987)
  • Werner Blaumeiser (born January 5, 1934, † February 5, 2000)
  • Heinz Strater (1926 - December 29, 2010)
  • Elmar Jakubowski (born November 14, 1941)
  • Jürgen Hengst (born December 8, 1950)

sons and daughters of the town

  • Laurentius Fabritius (* 1535 - † July 22, 1600), auxiliary bishop of Cologne, buried in the cathedral
  • Hermann Josef Jäger (born September 22, 1792; † November 3, 1848), district physician, archaeologist, museum founder in Neuss
  • Ludwig Holthausen (* 1807; † 1890), painter, painting restorer
  • Anton Traut (born August 31, 1811; † June 10, 1880), village school teacher in Traar, dialect poet, local historian and naturalist
  • Richard Flatters (* 1822; † 1876), portrait and genre painter
  • Heinrich Mauritz (born May 12, 1832 - April 4, 1894), entrepreneur, politician
  • Narcisse Leven (October 15, 1833 - January 6, 1915), French lawyer, politician
  • Augusto Berns (* 1842; † after 1888), engineer and entrepreneur, discoverer of the Inca city of Machu Picchu
  • Joseph Still (May 25, 1849 - 1907), American pastor in Quincy, Illinois, architect of the Church of St. John
  • Carl Wünnenberg (born November 10, 1850 - † February 11, 1929), painter, artist
  • Hugo Grüters (born October 8, 1851, † August 19, 1928), conductor, violinist and composer
  • Heinrich Theißen (born September 25, 1857 - † October 5, 1945), businessman, alderman
  • Carl Hubert Cremer (* 1858, † February 27, 1938), important travel exporter and bird breeder, consul in the Netherlands
  • Ernst Meumann (born August 29, 1862; † April 26, 1915), experimental psychologist, founder of educational psychology
  • Max Cremer (born March 11, 1865 - † May 22, 1935), physiologist, discoverer of the glass electrode
  • Otto Mauritz (born April 3, 1872; † March 18, 1950), engineer, manor owner and industrialist
  • Friedrich Wolters (born September 2, 1876, † April 14, 1930), historian, poet, translator
  • Margarethe Hahn-Böing (born January 17, 1877 - † July 1, 1956), writer
  • Wilhelm Braun (7 October 1880 - 2 May 1945), artist, sculptor
  • Franz Wilhelm Jerusalem (born June 21, 1883 - † August 29, 1970), sociologist, legal scholar
  • Fritz ter Meer (born July 4, 1884; † October 21, 1967), chemist, IG Farben board member, Nazi war criminal
  • Andreas Otto Kickers (born December 3, 1888 - † March 13, 1942), Rhenish dialect poet, lyricist, composer, playwright
  • Hans Gustav Röhr (born February 10, 1895 - † August 10, 1937), designer, automobile manufacturer
  • Adolf Dubielzig (* May 17, 1896; † April 5, 1965), parish vicar in Sönnern, Werl, co-founder of SC 1947 Sönnern
  • Fritz Schupp (December 22, 1896 - August 1, 1974), architect
  • Carl Arnold Willemsen (born March 29, 1902 - † August 10, 1986), historian
  • Hermann Speelmans (born August 14, 1902; † February 9, 1960), actor, radio play speaker
  • Heinrich Melcher (born September 15, 1906 - † August 23, 1974), local politician, city councilor, industrialist
  • Erna Suhrborg (1910–1995), b. Weidlich, painter, artist
  • Heinrich Kipp (* May 22, 1910; † 1993), professor of international law and legal philosophy, University of Innsbruck
  • Heinz Maus (born March 21, 1911 - † September 8, 1978), Professor of Sociology
  • Werner Ross (born January 27, 1912 - † July 16, 2002), writer, literary scholar
  • Adolf Luther (born April 25, 1912; † September 20, 1990), lawyer, artist, sculptor
  • Hans Verbeek (born December 6, 1917 - † December 13, 1966), lawyer, politician, district director Euskirchen
  • Karl Engels (born November 7, 1921 - March 30, 2014), local history researcher, politician, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit
  • Gert Lothar Haberland (born June 15, 1928 - † September 29, 2014), Director of Bayer AG, Professor of the Medical and Pharmacological Faculty at the University of Bonn
  • Rolf Möller (born August 21, 1932 - † January 6, 2015), graphic artist, landscape painter
  • Hans Stemes (born June 2, 1933; † January 24, 2013), pastor in Würselen (Morsbach)
  • Sigi Busch (born October 29, 1943), jazz musician (double bass) and university professor
  • Peter Terrid (January 15, 1949 - December 1, 1998), science fiction writer (Perry Rhodan)
  • Emil Merks (born July 19, 1950), cyclist
  • Norbert Walter-Borjans (born September 17, 1952), former Finance Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia. D.
  • Fritz Vorholz (* 1953), journalist, editor of Die Zeit
  • Michael van de Loo (born June 1, 1957), football player
  • Eberhard Bons (* 1958), Roman Catholic theologian
  • Bernd Liffers (born February 26, 1958), church musician and organist
  • Karl-Heinz Leven (born April 14, 1959), medical historian
  • Gregor Kathstede (born August 15, 1963), politician, Lord Mayor d. City of Krefeld a. D.
  • Otto Fricke (born November 21, 1965), lawyer, politician
  • Bernhard Hennen (* 1966), author of fantasy literature and historical stories
  • Christof Kreutzer (born May 26, 1967), ice hockey player, coach
  • Thorsten Sleegers (born December 13, 1968), RTL reporter, presenter, speaker
  • Markus Ehrhardt (born October 14, 1977), cath. Religious educator, book author and songwriter
  • Stefan Maria Schneider (born December 28, 1980), film composer, musician and producer
  • Monika Kruszona (born August 4, 1985), national water polo player
  • Sebastian Staudt (born April 29, 1988), ice hockey goalkeeper in the DEL
  • Julia Sontag (born July 5, 1988), theater and television actress
  • Bianca Ahrens (born January 9, 1991), national water polo player, goalkeeper
  • Philip Hindes (born September 22, 1992), track cyclist, Olympic champion in team sprint
  • Anna Pauline Saßerath (born August 19, 1998), triathlete, U23 vice world champion in the cross-triathlon

Personalities associated with Uerdingen

Others

Around 1858 the Uerdingen sugar factory owner Eduard Frings acquired an approx. 10 hectare hillside area between Oberwinter and Remagen in order to have a family summer residence built there. Frings derived the name Schloss Marienfels from a figure of Our Lady that is still preserved today.

Machu Picchu was discovered in 1867 by the Uerdingen engineer and entrepreneur Augusto Berns .

During the Weimar period in Uerdingen there was an arnarcho-communist branch of the Filareto Kavernido called Freie Erde . Published by Freie Menschen , Uerdingen a. Rhein some publications were made, including 1921 by Pierre Ramus Militarism, Communism and Antimilitarism .

During the construction of the pillars for the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge in 1935, a 27 million year old fossilized primeval whale skull was found, which can be seen today in the Essen Ruhr Museum and is considered an important find ( Patriocetus ).

The Düsseldorf writer Heinrich Spoerl was inspired by the small town of Uerdingen as the setting for his successful novel Die Feuerzangenbowle . The Fabritianum and the Kaiser Friedrich Memorial are described in detail in the book. Heinrich Spoerl had completed his legal clerkship in Uerdingen.

At dawn on March 4, 1945, six soldiers of the XIX. Corps, 95th Infantry Division of the US Army under Captain George L. Youngblood as the first allied to walk the Rhine.

In the 1950s, the yacht ship Carin II was stationed in Uerdingen and served Prince Charles , the British royal family and the Royal Navy Rhine Flotilla as a representation ship.

On June 3, 1966, a beluga whale called Moby Dick passed the Uerdingen bank of the Rhine repeatedly .

The well-known football fan battle cry Berlin, Berlin - we're going to Berlin was invented on Easter Saturday 1985 by the fans of Bayer 05 Uerdingen at the time after their 1-0 win against second division 1. FC Saarbrücken in the semi-finals of the DFB Cup . The final took place for the first time since 1942 in the Olympiastadion in Berlin. Uerdingen won 2-1 against FC Bayern Munich and became the 1985 DFB Cup winner.

The German-German soccer duel against Dynamo Dresden in the European Cup Winners' Cup 1985/86 on March 19, 1986 , which was described as a miracle from Grotenburg , became legendary . After a 2-0 defeat in the first leg and a 3-1 half-time result in the second leg, FC moved Bayer 05 Uerdingen 05 in the Grotenburg Stadium with a 7-3 victory in the semi-finals.

In 2003, the Schlaraffia Crefeldenesis Association took over the Klöske as a club bar and thus secured the preservation of the listed building.

The 2007 TV film Teufelsbraten by Hermine Huntgeburth is set in a fictional village on the Lower Rhine. Many outdoor shots are made near and with a view of the Uerdingen Rhine Bridge. Numerous recordings are also made for the Duisburg crime scene with Horst Schimanski . In the film The Miracle of Bern , too , some recordings are made in the Dujardin wine distillery.

In 2011 a further eight daylily cultivars were named locally. These are Uerdinger ball gown , Uerdinger harmony , Uerdinger gold ring , Uerdinger flamenco , Uerdinger polka , Uerdinger peach blossom , Uerdinger rose quartz and Uerdinger rose bowl .

In 2013, the Insterburg Foundation acquired the old Uerdingen town hall from 1714/25 and extensively renovated it. It serves the district community Insterburg Stadt und Land e. V. as an office and local museum.

literature

  • 2008 yearbook . Uerdinger Heimatbund, Uerdingen 2008.
  • Hans Voigt, Robert Haas, Carl Müller, Albert Steeger: 750 years of Uerdingen city rights , Schotte, Uerdingen 2006.
  • Jörg Loke: Constitution, administration and court of the city of Uerdingen on the Rhine from the High Middle Ages to the end of the 19th century as part of the history of the Rhine. Salzburg 2004.
  • Franz Stollwerk: Church and secular history of the city of Uerdingen , Verlag Stefan Kronsbein, Krefeld 2004 [reprint of the first edition from 1881]
  • Elisabeth Kremers: UERDINGEN as it used to be , Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2001.
  • Paul Wietzorek: Memories of Uerdingen , Geiger-Verlag, Frankenthal 1997.
  • Johannes Thomassen: Neither velvet nor silk , City of Krefeld, 1992.
  • Dieter Hangebruch (edit.): Brochure protocols of the city and office of Uerdingen in the 17th century , city of Krefeld, 1991.
  • Hans Vogt: Small economic history of the Rhine city Uerdingen , Uerd. Heimatb., Uerdingen 1982.
  • Friedrich Lau: History of the city of Uerdingen am Rhein , Steiger Verlag, Moers 1980 [reprint of the first edition from 1913]
  • Elmar Jakubowski / Heinz Trebels: UERDINGEN as it was , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1977.
  • Guido Rotthoff (editor): Document book of the city and the office of Uerdingen , Verl. D. Uerd. Heimatb., Krefeld 1968.
  • Walther Föhl: Uerdinger Bibliographie S. [92] 86, Verl. D. Uerd. Heimatb., 1965.
  • Uerdinger Heimatbund: OS OEDING Sch , Verl. D. Uerd. Heimatb., 1955.
  • Emil Feinendegen: Uerdingen and its history , Verl. D. Uerd. Heimatb., 1955.

Web links

Commons : Uerdingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michaelis Antonii Baudrand, Parisini Geographia, Ordine litterarum disposita, 1682nd
  2. ↑ Topographia Archiepiscopatuvm Moguntinensis Treuirensis et Coloniensis, Gelenius
  3. ↑ a b c d Feinendegen / Vogt (ed.): Krefeld - the history of the city, volume 1. Guido Rotthoff - chapter: Stadt und Amt Uerdingen / p. 368f, Verlag van Ackeren, Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-9804181-6 -2 .
  4. ↑ a b Museum Burg Linn / Exhibits Gelduba / Description of exhibition Urdingi.
  5. ↑ Guido Rotthoff: Uerdingen and the Gasthaus zum Sankt Michael - in the history of the city of Krefeld / p. 419f, Verlag van Ackeren, Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-9804181-6-2 .
  6. ↑ a b Beer - on the history of Krefeld beer breweries. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 21, 2014 ; accessed on February 11, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heimat-krefeld.de
  7. ^ Statutes of the city of Krefeld for the monument area city of Uerdingen. Retrieved February 11, 2015 .
  8. ↑ Krefeld (district-free city) ( Memento of the original from May 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Portal Rhenish History. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de
  9. ^ Anton Hermann Rein, Stadtarchiv Krefeld: Drei Uerdinger Weisthümer from 1454: based on a manuscript from the municipal archive in Uerdingen: with an introduction to wisdoms in general and the ones communicated in particular . Crefeld: H. Funcke, January 1, 1854 ( archive.org [accessed March 17, 2016]).
  10. ↑ Alexandra Kohlhöfer: A witch trial becomes a political issue. The case of Catharina Halffmans and the dispute between the city of Neuss and the archbishop in 1677. Retrieved on February 11, 2015 .
  11. ↑ See the chronicle of the witch trials on the Lower Rhine (1074–1738)
  12. ^ Friedrich J. Löhrer: History of the city of Neuss from its foundation until now , p. 313.
  13. ^ Uerdinger Heimatbund e. V. (Ed.): Uerdinger Rundschau . 1000th edition. No. 7 / May 2014, p. 37 .
  14. ↑ Walther Föhl. In: Uerdinger Bibliography. 1965, p. [92] 86. Online version
  15. ↑ Nikolaus Becker / Anton Keil: Actual history of the robber gangs on the two banks of the Rhine . Volume 2, 1804.
  16. ↑ Reinhard Feinendegen, Hans Vogt: Krefeld: the history of the city . Ed .: City of Krefeld. tape 4 , 2003, p. 489 .
  17. ↑ Veit Veltzke: Napoleon: tricolor and imperial eagle on the Rhine and Weser . Ed .: Preussen Museum North Rhine-Westphalia. Böhlau, 2007, ISBN 3-412-17606-0 , p. 56 .
  18. ↑ die Heimat 79/2008, Reinhard Feinendegen, Casino-Verein-Recreation, page 61.
  19. ↑ Uerdingen as it was, E. Jakubowski, Heinz Trebels p. 46
  20. ↑ http://www.wz.de/lokales/krefeld/zusammenschluss-die-geschichte-von-uerdingen-und-krefeld-1.477216
  21. ^ Egon Traxler: Nazi leaders fled from Uerdingen across the Rhine. In: Westdeutsche Zeitung. March 2, 2015, accessed May 28, 2018 .
  22. ^ German shipping magazine HANSA, February 19, 1938, page 409 about GBV.
  23. ^ U 254. Retrieved on February 11, 2015 .
  24. ↑ http://www.halbinsel-hela.de/index.php/geschichte/der-untergang-der-memel
  25. ↑ https://jungefreiheit.de/wissen/geschichte/2005/in-der-eisigen-ostsee-versunken/
  26. ↑ When the synagogues burned , WZ v. November 7, 2008.
  27. ↑ Hans Vogt, Herbert Brenne: Krefeld in the air war 1939-1945. Ludwig Röhrscheid Verlag, Bonn 1986, ISBN 3980-1610-2-1 , p. 272.
  28. ↑ 1) Source "The secret daily reports of the German Wehrmacht leadership in World War II:" Luftlage Reich: In the night of the 21st no enemy raids into the Reich territory "" Luftlage Reich: In the night of the 22nd no enemy flight activity. "" Luftlage Reich: In the night of the 23rd entry of 316 aircraft into the Reich territory between 23:05 and 04:10 in several groups. Group a) between 11:05 p.m. and 11:40 p.m. 6 aircraft into the Schiermonnikoog-Helgoland area; Mining. Group b) 00: 15-03: 40 a.m. 300 aircraft in the Stadtlohn-Gießen-Wiesbaden-Darmstadt area. Nuisance attacks with no particular focus. With attacks against Krefeld, Düsseldorf, Duisburg, Leverkusen, Weiden b. Cologne, Solingen, Oberhausen and Munich-Gladbach. 2) Source "RAF Bomber Command Diary 1943": "22/23 August 1943 Leverkusen: 462 aircraft - 257 Lancasters, 192 Halifaxes, 13 Mosquitos. The IG Farben factory was chosen as the aiming point for this raid and it was hoped that some of the bombs would hit this important place. There was thick cloud over the target area and there was a partial failure of the Oboe signals. Bombs fell over a wide area; at least 12 other towns in and near the Ruhr recorded bomb damage.
  29. ↑ Hans Vogt, Herbert Brenne: Krefeld in the air war 1939-1945. Ludwig Röhrscheid Verlag, Bonn 1986, ISBN 3980-1610-2-1 , p. 274.
  30. ^ Klaus-Dietmar Henke: The American occupation of Germany . ISBN 3-486-56175-8 , p. 345.
  31. ↑ Uerdinger Rundschau No. 11 / May 2016, p. 35, Heimatbund
  32. ^ A b Charles B. MacDonald: Victory in Europe, 1945: The last Offensive of World War II . ISBN 0486-45556-4 , p. 177.
  33. ↑ 2nd Paratrooper Division ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Second-Weltkrieg-Lexikon.de. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / zwei-weltkrieg-lexikon.de
  34. ↑ Edmund Holtz: become famous through Howinol West German newspaper 21 October, 2010, accessed on 2 March 2016th
  35. ↑ Westdeutsche Zeitung v. March 18, 2015, Krefeld part.
  36. ↑ Konrad Adenauer - Political Resurgence 1945–1949. In: konrad-adenauer.de , accessed on March 5, 2020.
  37. ^ River Pioneer Company 732 The River Pioneers, accessed on October 2, 2014.
  38. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Uerdingen - History
  39. ↑ Feinendegen / Vogt (ed.): Krefeld - the history of the city, volume 1. Guido Rotthoff - chapter: The Middle Ages in Krefeld / p. 387, Verlag van Ackeren, Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-9804181-6-2 .
  40. ↑ From the history of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area
  41. ^ Uerdinger Anzeiger, February 27, 1895.
  42. ↑ The Uerdinger Carnival History ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Carnival parade association Uerdingen e. V. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kzv-uerdingen.de
  43. ↑ Rhenish Dictionary, Volume 6, Sp. 1214.
  44. ↑ Neuss daily newspaper April 1933: The branch of the municipality in Ürdingen and the stay of Kavernidos in this municipality of Freie Erde .
  45. ↑ The whale skull from Uerdingen RP.online, April 21, 2011.
  46. ↑ Lovis Wambach: "Justice is a matter of luck" - Heinrich Spoerl: From lawyer to successful writer . In: Relates to JUSTICE No. 93, March 2008, published by painensgeld-spezialisten.de .
  47. ^ Moby Dick in front of Wittlaer , accessed on January 5, 2016.
  48. ↑ The inventors of the Berlin-Berlin “battle cry” Trainer Baade, April 6, 2012, accessed on October 2, 2014.