Liemba (ship)

Liemba

The Liemba at the pier in Kigoma (2003)

Ship data flag  German Empire Tanganyika -Territory Tanganyika Tanzania       other ship names Goetzen Ship type Motor ship (formerly steam ship) home port Kigoma Owner Marine Services Company Ltd., Mwanza Shipyard Meyer shipyard Build number 300 building-costs 750,000 marks Launch February 5, 1915 Whereabouts in motion

Ship dimensions and crew length 71.40 m ( Lüa ) width 10.00 m Side height 3.40 m Draft Max. 2.50 m displacement 800 t fully loaded: 1200 t

Machine system machine Diesel engines, formerly steam engines Machine performance Diesel engines 2 × 460 kW (2 × 625 PS) Steam engines 2 × 184 kW (2 × 250 PSi) Top speed 11 kn (20 km / h) propeller 2

Transport capacities Permitted number of passengers 600

The motor ship Liemba is a combined passenger and cargo ship that operates on Lake Tanganyika in Africa . It was built as a steamship in Germany in 1913 and armed during World War I. Until May 16, 1927 it was called Goetzen , named after Gustav Adolf Graf von Goetzen .

history

German colonial history

Goetzen 1915 before the renovation (German photo with Belgian imprint from 1919)

The ship was built in 1913 with the approval of the Reich Colonial Office on behalf of the East African Railway Company at the Meyer shipyard in Papenburg an der Ems and baptized with the name Goetzen . It was intended to promote the transport of goods on Lake Tanganyika, located in the west of the German colony of German East Africa at the time , and with the neighboring Belgian colony of the Congo . Two sister ships were also planned, one of which, the Rechenberg , is still under construction.

Goetzen 1915

Originally the ship had seven cabins for first class passengers (single with sofa bed) and five second class cabins (2-bed) as well as a first and second class dining and smoking salon. The machine system initially consisted of two round boilers for generating steam for the two triple expansion machines with an output of 250 PSi each, a carbon dioxide ice and cooling machine in an insulated cold room with a capacity of three kilograms of ice per hour, a lighting and a ventilation system . The ship was designed for a crew of 64 men (60 men and four officers).

The ship was initially only screwed together so that it could be dismantled again into its individual parts for transport. After ten months of construction, in November 1913, at the beginning of the 47th calendar week (i.e. on November 17/18), two employees of the East African Railway Company and a representative of the Reich Colonial Office carried out the inspection of the ship on the slipway. Then the whole ship was dismantled and packed in 5000 wooden boxes with a total weight of 800 tons on freight wagons . So the Goetzen came by train to Hamburg and from there on three steamers to Dar es Salaam , the capital of the colony. There the boxes were loaded onto the Mittellandbahn and transported to Kigoma . Since the top of the track had reached Kigoma on February 1, 1914 and the last parts together with the shipbuilders did not arrive in Dar es Salaam until February 16, 1914, all the boxes were transported by rail. A transport of the boxes with carriers is not documented. Meyer-Werft sent three employees (Anton Rüter, Hermann Wendt, Rudolf Tellmann) to Africa to carry out the assembly. You were paid very well for the job. Rüter received 600  marks a month at a time when a worker was getting around 100 marks a month. The East African Railway Company acted as employer; Meyer-Werft gave the three employees a leave of absence.

At Lake Tanganyika, around 250 local workers and 20 Indians from the Dar es Salaam railway workshop reassembled the steamer under the direction of Rüter. A total of 160,000  rivets were required. Since the entire slipway of the cross launch system (13 wagons with 80 t load capacity) was no longer delivered due to the outbreak of war, the launch had to be improvised. The engineer Friedrich Hübener of the Philipp Holzmann company had a dock dug in front of the shipyard, into which Goetzen was gradually lowered. Then the dam that separated the dock pit from the lake was pierced, whereupon the ship floated on February 5, 1915. At the end of May 1915 the Goetzen was ready. The test drives took place on June 8 and 9, 1915, and the commissioning took place on June 9, 1915. The ship had rather moderate sea characteristics. Corvette Captain Gustav Zimmer, the naval commander in chief on Lake Tanganyika, wrote to Governor Heinrich Schnee on August 20, 1915 :

• Insufficient draft ("The ship therefore rolled very hard")
• too few trim options
• too few and too weak bulkheads
• Machines too weak and cause strong vibrations
• Control device very prone to failure
• Chimney draft is not enough with wood-burning

Model of the Goetzen in the original design

First World War

The ship was converted to an auxiliary warship during the First World War and was now called SMS Goetzen . There was a 10.5 cm gun from the no longer operational performance and later in the Rufiji -Mündung even recessed light cruiser Konigsberg equipped. It also had an 8.8 cm gun from the " auxiliary cruiser surcharge " of the Königsberg and two 37 mm Hotchkiss revolver cannons from the survey ship SMS Möwe . Oberleutnant zur See Siebel became the ship's commanding officer.

The Goetzen was stationed in Kigoma and mainly carried out transports, including at the beginning of June 1915 with several hundred soldiers to Kasanga , the then Bismarckburg. The only "act of attack" took place shortly after the commissioning in early July. The Goetzen towed the British steamer Cecil Rhodes , which had already been badly damaged at the end of 1914, from Kasakalawe (southern end of Lake Tanganyika) and sank the ship in deep water. The Goetzen ruled the lake, because the British only had the two 13 meter long gunboats HMS Mimi and HMS Toutou , each with a smaller cannon on the lake. The Belgians also managed several boats and ships to Lake Tanganyika during the war, including the gunboat Netta (18 meters in length).

Gun crew of the Goetzen at the 10.5 cm L / 40 Sk

The last verifiable supply trip took place on April 18, 1916 to Usambura. After the two large guns had been removed in early May 1916, the ship remained in the port of Kigoma . On June 10, 1916, was a Belgian seaplane type Short Admiralty 827 bombed. The Belgians claimed a direct and near hit on the stern of the ship. However, after the ship was lifted in 1924, the British rescue forces only found evidence of splinter damage on the starboard side of the stern. In the next days and weeks the Belgians attacked Kigoma, Ujiji and also the Goetzen , which was lying in the port of Kigoma, from the air again and again. The ship did not suffer any major damage. The last time the ship was sighted by Belgian airmen in Katabe Bay was on July 23.

When the German troops had to give up Kigoma on their retreat , their commander, Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck , ordered the Goetzen to be sunk. Before opening the sea valves, Rüter had the most important parts smeared with grease and the ship on July 26, 1916 at a water depth of around 20 meters near the shore in Katabe Bay (Belgian name: Baie de l'éléphant; British name: Bangwe Bay) in position 4 ° 54 '  S , 29 ° 36'  O flood. The false combat report of the Netta of July 28, 1916 meant that the mouth of the Malagarasi River is often mentioned as the sinkhole of the Goetzen . In reality, the Netta did not fire at the Goetzen , but at the Wami .

Interwar period

The ship was lifted by the Belgians from 1918. Responsible was Johann Ludwig Wall, a Swede in Belgian service. Wall initially had large amounts of material recovered by divers. Then he filled the holds with empty barrels and ran wire ropes under the ship. In the middle of two 375 t barges, specially built for this purpose by the "Compagnie des Chemins de fer du Congo Supérieur aux Grands Lacs Africains", the wreck was raised using the wire ropes. By the end of June 1919, the Belgians had already lifted the ship to the side decks. In this half-lifted state they brought the ship to Kigoma in mid-September 1919, where it was set down at a water depth of 6-7 m. The structures can be seen at such a depth. Early in 1920, probably by a storm, it was moved and fell again at the point Lusana in position 4 ° 52 '  S , 29 ° 37'  O . The Goetzen cannot be seen in the photos that Homer L. Shantz took of Kigoma Bay in mid-February 1920 .

In 1921 Kigoma passed to the British as the new colonial masters, who needed until March 16, 1924 to lift the ship again. The damage was then repaired and it was put back into service on May 16, 1927. The new name was Liemba . Godmother was Mary Kathrine Scott, wife of Chief Secretary and Acting Governor Sir John Scott. The pure remodeling costs were around £ 30,000. The ship was then managed by Tanganyika Railways and Port Service . If the hull of the Goetzen / Liemba was dark gray until 1927, the ship was painted ever lighter during its annual visits to the shipyard until it wore the white color dress from the mid-1930s, which is still its trademark today.

Model of the Liemba in the Nairobi Railway Museum (Kenya)

Second World War

During the Second World War , the ship continued its normal line service and also transported soldiers if necessary. In 1945 the ship was so shabby that extensive repairs were required.

post war period

In 1948 the East African Railways and Harbor Administration (EAR & H) took over the ship. It carried out an extensive renovation in the years 1950–1952. Among other things, the superstructure was increased by a deck, the main mast was replaced by two loading masts, bilge keels were attached and the wood-fired boilers were replaced by oil-fired boilers. The conversion increased the maximum number of passengers to 20 in 1st class and eight in 2nd class. The third class (deck passengers) could carry over 200 people and the cargo capacity was 550 tons. After Tanganyika (later Tanzania ) gained independence in 1961, the ship continued to operate under white management as the EAR & H was in British hands. It was not until the late 1960s that the ship came under local management.

Because of the civil wars that broke out in the region since the beginning of the 1960s, the Liemba was often used by the UNHCR as a refugee transporter from 1962 onwards . Together with the Mwongozo , it brought around 75,000 refugees back to the Congo in 1997, making 22 trips from Kigoma to Uvira during the five-month operation.

In 1970 the Liemba was shut down because it was used up. The steam engine and boilers were removed, as well as the chimney and the steering gear. The ship was laid up in Kigoma and painted with an anti-rust paint. From 1976 to 1978 the ship was extensively renovated, the passenger capacity increased to 480 people and equipped with two diesel engines from Caterpillar (each 400 hp). and then resumed regular service at the beginning of 1979.

In 1993 the ship was given a general overhaul on site with the financial support of the Danish development aid organization DANIDA (Danish International Development Agency) by OSK ShipTech A / S. The deckhouse was rebuilt, the electronic system, the pipelines and the furnishings of the cabins for the passengers and crew were renewed, new engines and a hydraulic crane were installed on the foredeck and the rear cargo area was converted into a passenger hall (capacity increased to 600 passengers) . To improve the ship's safety, a double floor was installed in the front cargo hold area.

Todays situation

The ship has been managed by Tanzania Railways Corporation (TRC) since 1977 . In 1997, the TRC founded a shipping division, the Marine Services Company Limited , based in Mwanza on Lake Victoria. Today the Liemba is the only large passenger ship that regularly operates on the lake. The route (as of 2013) leads from Kigoma via Karago / Tonge, Sigunga , Herembe , K / Msenga, Rukoma , Lagossa , Kibwesa , Kalya , Ikola , Karema , Kabwe, Kolongwe , Kilando (C), Kipili , Ninde , Wapembe , Kala , Kasanga (ex Bismarckburg) to Mpulungu . The scheduled start takes place in even weeks on Wednesdays at 4 p.m. in Kigoma, the arrival in Mpulungu is on Fridays at 8 a.m. The return trip from Mpulungu takes place on the same day at 8 p.m., the arrival in Kigoma is on Sundays at 4 p.m. However, the timetable is rarely adhered to and delays are normal. Some of them are just small villages that do not have a port. Loading and unloading takes place almost exclusively via small barges , as the jetties are only located in Kigoma, Kasanga and Mpulungu. Fares for foreigners range from $ 70 to $ 100. Until the beginning of the 1990s, the Liemba also headed for other destinations on Lake Tanganyika ( Bujumbura in Burundi and Uvira , Kalemie and Moba in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo , then Zaire ). However, when civil wars broke out in Burundi in 1994 and a few years later in Zaire, things became too dangerous there.

In 2011 it became known that three German federal ministries and the Lower Saxony State Chancellery disagreed on whether and how to save the ship. The Republic of Tanzania had sent an official request for help to Germany because it was allegedly unable to finance the repair. Meyer-Werft offered to renovate the Liemba for six to eight million euros. The money must come from the responsible ministry for economic cooperation. That in turn insisted that a pure renovation would not meet its safety requirements. Despite further expressions of Germany's willingness to help, most recently by Federal Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier in 2014, no fundamental repair measures have been carried out on the ship so far (as of April 2016). Regardless of the increasing number of technical failures, the ship leaves Kigoma more or less regularly twice a month. In December 2016 it became known that the federal government intends to provide 5 million euros for the repair of the ship. As of the beginning of 2018, the ship was not in service and a full repair of the ship was announced that would take several months.

technology

The Goetzen / Liemba originally had two steam engines. The boilers were fired with wood or coal. In 1952 the ship got new oil-fired boilers. In 1978 the Liemba was first equipped with diesel engines from Caterpillar (400 HP each). In 1993 it was equipped with two new diesel engines ( MAN B&W Alpha Diesel type 5L23 / 30). The motors have an original output of 650 kW each at 825 revolutions. In order to be able to continue using the existing propeller system and to adapt to the conditions on Lake Tanganyika, the engines were throttled to an output of 460 kW (625 hp) each. With the installed engine power, the ship reaches a service speed of 11 knots.

Furnishing

The Liemba has ten first class (two-bed) passenger cabins and two VIP cabins. There are also 18 second-class cabins (six two-bed & twelve four-bed) available. Most passengers travel third class and sleep under or on the deck. The passenger capacity is 600 people. The ship also has a dining room with a bar and a kiosk.

In the hull of the ship there is a hold for 200 tons of cargo, which is used for the transport of dried fish, among other things. This fish, called dagaa , is caught in the lake and loaded on the way by passengers and traders, sometimes with a crane installed on the ship. The Liemba has two lifeboats with 39 places each. There are also a large number of solid life rafts on the upper deck.

Others

Models of the ship can be seen in the Meyer shipyard, in the restaurant of the “Alte Werft” hotel in Papenburg and in the railway museum in Nairobi, Kenya. The so-called Papenburg Zeitspeicher shows the history of the Goetzen using exhibits and excerpts from Lamby's documentary .

The story of Liemba was filmed in 2001 with funding from the State of Lower Saxony by EcoMedia and the NDR under the title The long journey of Count Goetzen von Papenburg to Africa . In the episode of Plains and Boats and Trains in the BBC documentary Von Pol zu Pol, Michael Palin travels on the Liemba from Kigoma to Mpulungu. The documentary Liemba, which was shown at the 2010 film festival, deals with the history of the Goetzen and their significance for the people of Lake Tanganyika.

In 1930 the then Prince of Wales and later King Edward VIII almost went on the Liemba . As part of a trip to Africa it was planned that the prince should sail Lake Tanganyika from Mpulungu to Kigoma on the Liemba on February 15 . However, the itinerary was changed at short notice due to an epidemic, so the trip never took place.

In 1934 the British author Cecil Scott Forester published the novella The African Queen , in which the Goetzen serves as a model for the German gunboat Queen Luise . Otherwise the story is fictitious. In the American film African Queen from 1951 based on the novel , contrary to what is often claimed, the Goetzen is not seen as the gunboat Louisa . The Louisa is portrayed by the British steam tug Buganda . This ship is still in the port of Mzanza today.

On January 5, 1954, the Liemba got into a severe storm on the way to Albertville (Congo), today's Kalemie . On this trip, the Liemba towed two freight barges (50 and 70 t). When the barges began to sink, the tow ropes had to be cut. The chief engineer was injured. A crew member on one of the barges drowned.

The historical novel A Question of Time by Alex Capus , published in 2007, deals with the history of the ship based on historical facts. The novel describes the Goetzen's journey from its construction in Papenburg to its sinking by Rüter in 1916 in Lake Tanganyika. In a subplot, the novel tells the similar story of the two British speedboats HMS Mimi and HMS Toutou . Both ships were brought over land to Lake Tanganyika by the British Royal Navy under the command of Geoffrey Basil Spicer Simson during World War I. Although many of the basic elements and facts of the plot are taken from contemporary history, the novel does not correspond exactly to historical circumstances.

The theater project “ The Last Gem ” ( Schiffdorf / Getesteth ) performed the play Goetzen / Liemba in July 2015 in Geemmeneth, Hamburg-Hansahafen , Hanover-Leinhausen and Bremerhaven-Überseehafen as well as in Kigoma , Tabora and Daressalam .

literature

• Michael Stührenberg, Pascal Maitre: The endless journey of the "Liemba" . In: GEO , issue 04 / April 2007. ( geo.de ( Memento from October 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ))
• Alex Capus : A question of time . Knaus, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-8135-0272-5 . (historical novel)
• Sarah Paulus, Rolf G. Wackenberg: From Goetzen to Liemba - traveling with a ship of the century . artissage, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-042050-4 .
• Hanns-Stefan Grosch: Run "Liemba"! In: Deutsche Seeschifffahrt , issue 6/2013, pp. 56–59, Association of German Shipowners, Hamburg 2013.

Web links

Commons : Liemba  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Liemba (2010) in the Internet Movie Database (English)
• Geo-Article April 2007 ( Memento from September 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)
• Clemens Höges: The gunboat that came over the mountains . Spiegel Online , April 20, 2010
• Golf Dornseif: When Count Goetzen went on safari in boxes . (PDF; 2.4 MB)
• Run “Liemba” - an initiative to preserve the historic passenger and cargo ship “Liemba” as a carrier of development and cultural exchange on Lake Tanganyika.
• An old ship on a large lake . Südkurier, October 18, 2012
• Sarah Paulus: 100 years of "Liemba": The indestructible . Spiegel Online, July 11, 2013

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Often (especially in English-speaking countries) the name Graf Goetzen or Graf von Goetzen or a similar designation is used. But this is wrong. The ship never had any of these names. And on the ship itself only the name Goetzen Heimathafen Kigoma was written .
2. ↑ Originally the ship was supposed to be called Graf von Goetzen , but on request the Reich Colonial Office approved the short form Goetzen on November 7, 1913, before the ship was accepted . See Erich Gröner: Die deutscher Kriegsschiffe Vol. 7, pp. 220 f., 1990; Kurt Assmann, Der Krieg zur See 1914-1918 , Vol. 7, Part 2, S. 188, 1935; LB Cane: SS Liemba . ( Memento of March 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 13.3 MB) In: Tanganyika Notes and Records , 1947, p. 31.
3. ↑ The sister ship Rechenberg ( hull number 310) was still unfinished on the slipway at the beginning of 1919 , as can be seen from a leaflet by Josef L. Meyer (printed in Hans Jürgen Witthöft: Meyer Werft , p. 66. The statements about Goetzen in this book are unfortunately very flawed).
4. ^ Passenger and freight steamer for Lake Tanganyika from shipyard owner Franz Jos. Meyer in: Werft, Reederei, Hafen 1922, p. 99.
5. ↑ Evaluation of the ship plan in Werft, Reederei, Hafen 1922, p. 99.
6. ↑ Ems-Zeitung , November 22, 1913, p. 2.
7. ^ Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Zeitung , February 18 and 21, 1914.
8. ↑ Paul Wacken Berg: From Goetzen to Liemba . P. 133 f.
9. ^ Shipyard, shipping company, port . 1922, p. 99; Assmann vol. 7, p. 177 f.
10. ↑ Cane p. 31; Assmann p. 178.
11. ↑ Cane p. 31; Cane translated the German documents into English.
12. ↑ In August 1915, when the 10.5 cm cannon was installed, a temporary chimney top was attached.
13. ↑ Assmann, pp. 176 f, 188.
14. ↑ It must have been about the relocation of the 24th field company. According to Cane p. 31 the transport should have taken place from May 31st, according to Assmann p. 189 not until June 10th.
15. ↑ Assmann p. 189; Federal Archives Freiburg RM / 8 No. 368.
16. ^ Frank J. Magee: Transporting a navy through the jungles of Africa in war time , in: The National Geographic Magazine , 1922, p. 331.
17. ^ Aßmann pp. 258, 260.
18. ↑ Aimé Behaeghe First Pilot in Central Africa . (PDF; 12.9 MB). In: Cross & Cocade , 2008, Vol. 39, No. 1. The Times , June 16, 1916, p. 8.
19. ^ Leconte: Les ancêtres de notre Force Navale . In: The Times , June 16, 1916, p. 331.
20. ^ East African Railways and Harbors Magazine . Vol. 2-8, April 1956. (PDF; 23.0 MB) p. 257.
21. ↑ Charles Stiémon: La campagne Anglo-Belge de l'Afrique Orientale Allemande  - Internet Archive . P. 181. George Moulaert: La Campagne du Tanganika (1916-1917) . P. 114.
22. ↑ Leconte p. 331; Moulaert p. 119; Royaume de Belgique, Ministère de la Défense: Les campagnes coloniales belges 1914–1918 , Volume II, p. 373.
23. ↑ marinebelge.be ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
24. ↑ See Cane, p. 31.
25. ↑ Leconte p. 331; Stiémon  - Internet Archive p. 69.
26. ^ Wall . (PDF; 159 kB) In: Biography Coloniale Belge . Institut Royal Colonial Belge, T. II, 1951, col. 966-969
27. ^ Tribune Congolaise , September 19, 1919, p. 1. Chalux: Un an au Congo Belge . P. 545 f.
28. ↑ Alexander Barns: The wonderland of the Eastern Congo . P. 14.
29. ↑ Tribune Congolaise , September 19, 1919, p. 1. Moulaert, p. 119, fn. 1.
30. ↑ So also Patrick Deville Equatoria p. 246 f.
31. ↑ uair.arizona.edu ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. uair.arizona.edu ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. uair.arizona.edu ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. uair.arizona.edu ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. uair.arizona.edu ( Memento of the original from January 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 2, 2013         
32. ^ East African Railways and Harbors Magazine . (PDF) Vol. 2-8, April 1956, p. 257.
33. ↑ "Liemba" means "lake" in the language of the Kirungu , who live in the area of Kasanga at the southwest end of Lake Tanganyika. Staff Magazine Vol 1-4, March 1953, p. 6. (PDF; 29.5 MB)
34. ^ Hill: Permanent Way . Vol 2, p. 95; In addition, according to Cane p. 31, there were 20,000 pounds for salvage and 28,000 pounds for infrastructure measures. The Germans had only spent the equivalent of £ 36,000 on the construction.
35. ^ Hill p. 261.
36. ↑ Staff Magazine (PDF; 29.5 MB) Vol 1-4, March 1953, p. 5.
37. ^ The Times , Jan. 6, 1954, p. 5.
38. ↑ Letter to the editor (PDF) in Old Africa Magazine No. 29, June / July 2010 p. 3.
39. ↑ Tanzania Daily News, June 12, 2011, ( January 1, 2012 memento in the Internet Archive ), accessed October 2, 2013.
40. ↑ See film by EcoMedia, producer Stephan Lamby, and the NDR under the title The long journey of Count Goetzen von Papenburg to Africa .
41. ↑ Conclusion from information from OSK-Ship Tech v. 4th January 2014.
42. ↑ see: Tanzanian Affairs , August 1977, Letters to the Editor ; Patience Shipwreaks and Salvage on the East African Coast, p. 242.
43. ↑ Hans-Volker Gretschel: A question of time or the endless journey of the Liemba . In: solitary walk and return through the ages: unknown passages, new beginning . Festschrift for Gunther Pakendorf, p. 111, ed. v. Janina Woziak; citing a blog entry in Geo von Heiderose Stoll ( The endless journey of the "Liemba" ( memento of October 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive )) . Retrieved October 7, 2011.
44. ↑ The driving force behind this renovation was Patrick "Paddy" Dougherty. Born in Downpatrick on March 18, 1918 , he was an apprentice at Harland & Wolff in Belfast . He then served in the Royal Navy during World War II and became a marine engineer. After spending the 1950s in Nigeria , he worked for EAR & H in Kisumu , Kenya , as an engineer on Lake Victoria ferries in the 1960s and 1970s . After the renovation of the Liemba , he left Tanzania and worked for the World Food Organization FAO in Bangladesh and Mozambique . He died in Belfast on January 12, 2010 and was buried in Downpatrick. (Information from his daughter Barbara Dougherty). There are many stories around him, such as the fact that he wanted to command a ship, although as an engineer he did not have the necessary patents. (Interview with Axel Thorer in the Lamby film. In the photos taken at the time, Dougherty wears a uniform with the badges of a navigator.)
45. ^ Opinion from OSK Ship-Tech from January 4, 2014
46. ↑ liemba.wordpress.com accessed on August 7, 2013.
47. ↑ “Out of Office: Who will save Germany's African Queen ” from November 8, 2011 on ftd.de ( memento from November 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 24, 2012.
48. ^ Carsten Luther: Shipping in East Africa - A relic of the German colonial era with an uncertain future . Zeit Online , April 12, 2012.
49. ↑ Rendezvous with an old woman from Papenburg . (PDF) In: Die Wirtschaft , Edition 02/16. April 28, 2016, p. 25.
50. ^ Website for Liemba with current information on the theoretical timetable, operated by a private lodge. ( Memento of the original from April 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) 
51. ↑ noz.de
52. ↑ The Liemba will probably be overhauled . In: From Goetzen to Liemba . February 5, 2018. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
53. ^ Opinion from OSK Ship-Tech of August 22, 2013.
54. ↑ Paulus, Wackenberg p. 84.
55. ↑ Evaluation of the Liemba emergency plan, see Paulus, Wackenberg, part II, p. 5.
56. ^ Opinion from OSK Ship-Tech from January 4, 2014.
57. ^ Liemba A Documentary Film. ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
58. ^ The Times , Jan. 10, 1930, p. 12.
59. ^ The Times , Jan. 6, 1954, p. 5.
60. ↑ Website of the theater project “The Last Gem” with notes on the play Goetzen / Liemba . ( Memento of the original from November 30, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on May 11, 2018.