Niederwil AG

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
AG is the abbreviation for the canton of Aargau in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Niederwilf .
Niederwil
Niederwil coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Kanton AargauKanton Aargau Aargau (AG)
District : Bremgarten
BFS no. : 4072i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 5524
Coordinates : 664.69 thousand  /  247745 coordinates: 47 ° 22 '39 "  N , 8 ° 17' 43"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and sixty-four thousand six hundred and ninety  /  247745
Height : 405  m above sea level M.
Height range : 348–505 m above sea level M.
Area : 6.15  km²
Residents: 2818 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 458 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		17.0% (December 31, 2019)
Website: www.niederwil.ch
Niederwil

Niederwil
Location of the municipality
Flachsee Hallwilersee Kanton Luzern Kanton Zürich Bezirk Baden Bezirk Brugg Bezirk Kulm Bezirk Lenzburg Bezirk Muri Arni AG Berikon Bremgarten AG Büttikon Dottikon Eggenwil Fischbach-Göslikon Hägglingen Islisberg Jonen Niederwil AG Oberlunkhofen Oberwil-Lieli Rudolfstetten-Friedlisberg Sarmenstorf Tägerig Uezwil Unterlunkhofen Villmergen Widen Wohlen AG ZufikonMap of Niederwil
About this picture
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Niederwil ( Swiss German : ˌnɪdərˈʋil ) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Bremgarten district and consists of the districts Niederwil, Nesselnbach and Gnadenthal. Before 1890, the community was also referred to as Niederwil (Bremgarten) to demarcate Niederwil (Zofingen) (today's Rothrist ) . Nesselnbach was independent until 1901.

geography

The eastern part of the community lies in a long plain on the left bank of the Reuss . The main settlement Niederwil is located near the southern border of the municipality, around half a kilometer from the river, and has almost merged with the neighboring Fischbach-Göslikon . About one and a half kilometers north of Niederwil is the half as large district of Nesselnbach ( 385  m above sea level ). Another kilometer to the east-northeast is the former Gnadenthal monastery at a bend in the Reuss . The Wagenrain , a ridge between the Reuss and Bünztal valleys , covers the western part of the municipality. Immediately by the Grossmooshau hill on the southwestern municipal border lies the Rütermoos, a swamp area, in the middle of the forest. To the west of Niederwil, the gradient is rather flat and becomes steeper in the direction of Nesselnbach.

The area of ​​the municipality is 615 hectares , of which 181 hectares are covered with forest and 99 hectares are built over. The highest point is at 505  m above sea level. M. in Grossmooshau, the deepest at 350  m above sea level. M. on the Reuss. Neighboring communities are Stetten in the north, Künten in the east, Fischbach-Göslikon in the southeast, Wohlen in the south, Hägglingen in the west and Tägerig in the northwest.

history

Various finds indicate that the area around Niederwil was already settled during the Neolithic Age. Several burial mounds from the Bronze Age have also been discovered and scientifically examined. At the time of the Romans there was an estate in today's village center , consisting of a main house and up to twenty outbuildings. The Alamanni destroyed this complex in a raid around the year 350 AD. The area was uninhabited for around three centuries until the Alemanni finally settled. It was first mentioned in a document in 893. In a complaint from the Fraumünster in Zurich , it was noted in which places people liable to pay taxes lived and how they had illegally evaded their duty to pay taxes. The place name comes from the Old High German Wilari and means "Hofsiedlung", the differentiating addition can be traced for the first time in the 14th century.

The greatest liege lord of Niederwil was the Gnadenthal monastery not far from the village. The women's convent was founded in 1275, belonged to the Cistercian order since 1394 and was closely connected to the Wettingen monastery . The Habsburgs exercised blood jurisdiction . In 1415 the Swiss conquered Aargau and Niederwil was the main place of an office in the free offices , a common rule . In 1529 all residents converted to the Reformation , but two years later after the Second Kappel War they had to accept Catholicism again.

Aerial view (1970)

In March 1798, the French invaded Switzerland and proclaimed the Helvetic Republic . The Niederwil first defended themselves against the new order. When about a dozen villagers were killed in a battle on April 26, 1798, the resistance collapsed. The village now belonged to the canton of Baden . In 1803 Niederwil came to the newly created canton of Aargau. Favored by the freedom of trade and industry, the number of houses doubled within 30 years, the number of residents rose from 600 to 900. However, since no new income opportunities were created, many villagers became impoverished. Many of them emigrated overseas in the second half of the 19th century.

After the Gnadenthal monastery had already been closed from 1841 to 1843 as a result of the Aargau monastery dispute, it was finally abolished in 1876 by a resolution of the Aargau Grand Council during the Kulturkampf . The premises served as a tobacco factory for a few years, and a nursing home has been set up there since 1894 . On January 1, 1901, the municipality of Nesselnbach was merged with Niederwil against their will. Until 1960 the population increased only very slightly. This was followed by a real building boom, as in many communities in the Bremgarten district, benefited by the proximity to the city of Zurich . Between 1985 and 1990 alone, more than 500 new residents moved to Niederwil.

Attractions

Roman Catholic Church
Gnadenthal Monastery

The traditional history of the Catholic parish church St. Martin goes back to 1045, the church was built over the ruins of the Roman estate. In 1690/91 a completely new building took place as a rural-baroque hall church . The most striking external feature is the onion dome . The oldest secular building in the village is the old mill, built in 1571, a compact wall construction with a gable roof.

The former Cistercian convent Gnadenthal , with its late baroque church and cloister, is well worth seeing on the Reuss . Attached to the monastery is a nursing home that also has a small animal park.

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "By red and white nested bars divided by red with two white diagonal bars and by green with a white river." The coat of arms used today was introduced in 1953 and consists of three parts. In the upper third, the red and white sloping bars symbolize the Lords of Wil, a noble family that was feudal lords in Niederwil in the Middle Ages. In the middle third you can see a red and white checkered stick. It symbolizes the Cistercian order to which the Gnadenthal Monastery once belonged. The lower third shows a brook flowing through a green field. This symbol represents Nesselnbach.

population

The population developed as follows:

year 1850 1900 1930 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Residents 978 801 939 1102 1192 1484 1631 2131 2471 2367

On December 31, 2019, 2818 people lived in Niederwil, the proportion of foreigners was 17%. In the 2015 census, 47.0% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 22.2% as Reformed ; 30.8% were non-denominational or of other faiths. In the 2000 census, 92.7% said their main language was German , 2.0% Albanian , 1.9% Italian , 0.7% Serbo-Croatian and 0.6% each of French and English .

Politics and law

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The Bremgarten District Court is primarily responsible for legal disputes . Niederwil belongs to the Friedensrichterkreis VI (Wohlen).

economy

According to the company structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, Niederwil has around 1,300 jobs, 5% of them in agriculture, 30% in industry and 65% in the service sector. The largest company is the Reusspark nursing home at Gnadenthal Abbey, otherwise small and medium-sized companies are predominant. Numerous employed residents are commuters who work in the surrounding area (Wohlen, Bremgarten) or in the agglomeration of Zurich .

traffic

Niederwil is at the intersection of two major roads, from Wohlen to Baden and from Bremgarten to Brugg . The through traffic in south-north direction is led past the village. A bridge crosses the Reuss near Gnadenthal. The single-lane accessible structure built in 1909 had to be demolished and was replaced by a two-lane bridge in 2016.

Niederwil and Nesselnbach are connected to the public transport network by two postbus lines, from Wohlen station via Stetten to Mellingen Heitersberg station and from Bremgarten via Mellingen to Baden station . On weekends there is a night bus from Baden via Mellingen to Bremgarten.

education

Niederwil has a kindergarten and two school houses in which the primary school , the secondary school and the secondary school are taught. The district school can be attended in Wohlen , Bremgarten or Mellingen . The closest grammar school is the Cantonal School in Wohlen .

literature

  • Felix Müller: Niederwil (AG). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Peter Felder: The art monuments of the canton of Aargau . Ed .: Society for Swiss Art History. Volume IV: Bremgarten district. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1967, ISBN 3-906131-07-6 .
  • Felix Müller: Niederwil in Freiamt . Ed .: Residential community Niederwil. Niederwil 1993.
  • Laetitia Zenklusen: The former Cistercian convent Gnadenthal . In: Society for Swiss Art History (Ed.): Swiss Art Guide GSK . tape 704 . Bern 2004, ISBN 3-85782-704-1 .

Web links

Commons : Niederwil  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 304-305 .
  4. ^ National map of Switzerland, sheet 1090, Swisstopo.
  5. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on May 14, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Fields: The Art Monuments of the Canton of Aargau, Volume IV: Bremgarten District. Pp. 296-303.
  7. ↑ Fields: The Art Monuments of the Canton of Aargau, Volume IV: Bremgarten District. Pp. 304-329.
  8. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 229 .
  9. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on May 14, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on May 14, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 10, 2018 ; accessed on May 14, 2019 .
  12. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 20, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on May 14, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Dominic Kobelt: New bridge in operation - the bottleneck in Gnadenthal has been eliminated. Aargauer Zeitung , September 13, 2016, accessed on May 14, 2019 .