Well

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Wohlen (disambiguation) .

Well
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Aargau (AG)
District :	Bremgarten
BFS no. :	4082
Postal code :	5610
UN / LOCODE :	CH WHL
Coordinates :	663 379  /  244897 coordinates: 47 ° 21 '7 "  N , 8 ° 16' 39"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and sixty-three thousand three hundred and seventy-nine  /  244897
Height :	420  m above sea level M.
Height range :	405-550 m above sea level M.
Area :	12.48  km²
Residents:	16,541 (December 31, 2019)
Population density :	1325 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship )	39.1% (December 31, 2019)
Website:	www.wohlen.ch
View from the south
Location of the municipality

Wohlen ( Swiss German : ˈʋɔlə ) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Bremgarten district and is located in the Bünztal in the south-east of the canton. With more than 16,000 inhabitants, Wohlen is the fourth largest municipality in Aargau and the largest in the Freiamt region . It forms the center of a sub-agglomeration on the western edge of the Zurich metropolitan region . According to statistical criteria, Wohlen is indeed a city, but its inhabitants - who are called Wohler - continue to view the municipality as a village for the most part.

First mentioned in 1178, Wohlen was subject to the Habsburgs until 1415 , then until 1798 in the Free Offices, a common rule of the Confederates . Until the end of the 18th century, the village was almost exclusively agricultural, but then developed into an important industrial location. The straw industry , which dominated economic life in the 19th and early 20th centuries , made a particular contribution to this . This made Wohlen prosperous and was known in the international fashion world for his straw hats and trimmings. The straw industry has since completely disappeared and given way to other branches of the economy. The village of Anglikon , which was incorporated in 1914, also belongs to Wohlen .

geography

location

Wohlen in the Siegfried Atlas (1881)

Wohlen is located 18 kilometers east of the canton capital Aarau and 20 kilometers west of Zurich (as the crow flies). It is the largest municipality in terms of population in the Freiamt region , the south-eastern part of the canton of Aargau. From southeast to northwest Wohlen is traversed by the Bünz , a tributary of the Aare in the central Swiss plateau . On the east side of the Bünztal lies the Wagenrain , an elongated range of hills that forms the boundary to the Reuss valley .

The area of ​​the municipality is 1248  hectares . According to the 2018 federal land use statistics, 449 hectares of this are used for agriculture, 348 hectares are covered with forest and 435 hectares are built-up areas; the rest is accounted for by bodies of water and wetlands . The highest point is 549  m above sea level. M. in the "Dreihägen" area near the north-western boundary of the municipality, the deepest at 408  m above sea level. M. on the banks of the Bünz. Neighboring communities are Hägglingen and Niederwil in the north, Fischbach-Göslikon in the northeast, the district capital Bremgarten in the east, Waltenschwil in the south, Büttikon in the southwest, Villmergen in the west and Dottikon in the northwest. With the exception of Waltenschwil, which is in the Muri district , all neighboring communities also belong to the Bremgarten district .

Wohlen is an extensive clustered village with an urban character. Around the both sides of the Bünz at 420  m above sea level. M. located center are connected to residential quarters. Somewhat offset to the northwest, separated by an extensive industrial and commercial zone, is the village of Anglikon , which was incorporated in 1914 ( 410  m above sea level ). The settlement area of ​​Wohlens has merged with that of Villmergen via another industrial zone.

landscape

The Reuss Glacier , which retreated into the Alps towards the end of the Würm glacial period , shaped the landscape to a decisive extent. It left behind molasses deposits, which consist of gravel , sand and clay and, occasionally, conglomerates . A terminal moraine crossed the Bünztal from north to south. A temporary glacier advance flattened the terminal moraine so that it can no longer be perceived as a surface shape.

Erdmannlistein

The municipality has two different types of landscape. The western and southern part lies in the plain of the Bünztal, which is up to two kilometers wide and is used intensively for agriculture. Until the amelioration in the first half of the 20th century, it was criss-crossed by numerous watercourses and, for the most part, swampy . The Bünz, which once flowed freely, was then canalised and the site has no longer had any special features. Tributaries in the plain are the Büelisacherkanal, the Büttikerbach, the Benefitbach and the Holzbach, all of which have also been straightened. In the far south the terrain rises towards Bärholz, a wooded foothill of the Lindenberg .

The north and east of the municipality is shaped by the Wagenrain ridge. It is limited by steep slopes that drop 40 to 90 meters down to the valley floor. The Wagenrain consists of an extensive plateau that gradually rises from the southeast to the northwest and is mostly forested. In the east in particular, the plateau is clearly recognizable as a postglacial moraine landscape. There are several striking boulders such as the Erdmannlistein and the Bettlerstein as well as the drainless ponds Steffetsmösli and Cholmoos, surrounded by swamps. Another swamp area is the peat moss on the eastern municipal boundary. The Althau near the northern municipal boundary is a break forest . The Guggibach, Ehrunsbach, Oberhaubach and Reservoirbach flow from the Wagenrain into the Bünz.

climate

Wohlen lies in the moderate climatic zone . The climate is shaped on the one hand by winds from westerly directions, which often bring precipitation , and on the other hand by the bise (east or north-east wind), which is usually associated with high pressure, but causes cooler weather phases in all seasons than would be expected on average. The foehn , which is important in the alpine valleys and on the edge of the Alps , normally does not show any particular climatic effects on Wohlen, apart from a clear view of the mountains in the central Swiss pre-Alps .

The closest MeteoSwiss measuring stations are in Buchs / Aarau and Zurich-Affoltern . Both are around 20 kilometers away and provide approximately the same values. This results in an average annual temperature of 8.6 ° C for Wohlen . The coldest month is January with -0.6 ° C, the warmest July with 18.0 ° C. The amount of precipitation is around 1050 mm per year, with higher amounts being measured in the three summer months than in winter due to the convection . A private weather station has existed since 2000. A minimum temperature of −17.4 ° C was measured there on February 6, 2012 and a maximum of 37.8 ° C on August 13, 2003.

history

Early settlement history

Archaeological finds from the Neolithic and the Bronze Age are only sparse in the Wohlens area. According to one theory, however, the Erdmannlist could have been the center of a prehistoric place of worship. There are far more numerous indications of settlement during the Hallstatt period . The Historical Society Freiamt carried out excavations in the forest parcels Hohbühl and Häslerhau from 1925 to 1930. She came across five burial mounds from the 6th century BC. With a total of 35 graves. Grave goods were lances for the men and jewelry for the women. Diverse bronze dishes, including an accumulation of large vessels that is unique in Switzerland, suggests considerable wealth. It is not known where the buried lived. In contrast to several neighboring communities, there are no finds of objects from the Helvetii who settled here from the subsequent La Tène period .

In Roman times there were two manors in the municipality . They emerged around the middle of the 1st century and were separated from each other by the bog-like plain of the Bünz. Various brick stamps and coins that were found in the 19th and early 20th centuries indicate that the courtyards served the food supply of the legionary camp Vindonissa ( Windisch ). From 260 AD after repeated raids by the Alemanni they fell into small individual farms.

middle Ages

In the 5th century, the Alemanni began to settle in the region. Since they initially occupied gaps in the neighborhood and only later began to influence the existing Gallo-Roman settlement, in the case of Wohlens there was only a slow merger with the indigenous population. The medieval place name form Wolen goes back to the Old High German ze Walhun ("bei den Walchen"). This is how the Alemanni used to refer to their “ French ” settlers and neighbors. The slow assimilation is also due to the lack of an ecclesiastical center: Wohlen always had more inhabitants than the surrounding villages, but for a long time did not have its own parish church. In addition, Wohlen was divided into several settlement centers, which only grew together in the late Middle Ages.

The first documentary mention was made in the Acta Murensia, which was built around 1160 . It reports on the Guntrann clan, who in the 11th century brought a large part of the non-free farmers' cooperative under their control and used violence in the process. The establishment of a comprehensive manorial rule ( compulsion and ban ) was not successful; In 1106 Guntrann's grandson Rudolf sold the entire property to the Muri monastery . 1178 is the earliest clearly identifiable year in local history. At that time, Pope Alexander III guaranteed the Schänis monastery his possessions, including a forest in Wohlen. The neighboring hamlet of Lüplinswald, which disappeared in the Middle Ages and cannot be precisely located, is also mentioned.

The history of the parish church of St. Leonhard goes back to the late 12th century

In 1185 the Lords of Wolen can be identified for the first time. They were the largest landowners in the village and the only local family who made it to a ministerial family in the service of the Habsburgs . The most important representative was Werner II, Schultheiss von Brugg and Vogt von Baden . Shortly after 1300 he acquired the fiefdom of part of the ancestral castle of the Habsburgs, and in 1371 his grandson Henmann united the entire castle fiefdom in one hand. With Henmann's death in 1425, the family died out.

According to the Habsburg land register of 1303/07, Wohlen belonged to the Lenzburg district . In this, the Habsburgs exercised blood jurisdiction , represented by a bailiff residing in the neighboring village of Villmergen , who in turn was subordinate to the Vogt at Lenzburg Castle . The lower courts divided in half, the monastery Muri as well as a quarter each, the Habsburgs themselves and several lower-ranking nobles.

Rule of the Confederates

Map of the Free Offices

After the conquest of Aargau in April 1415, sovereignty passed to the Confederates . Wohlen was now in the free offices , a common rule . The rule was exercised by a non-resident governor who changed every two years. Until 1425 Wohlen belonged temporarily to the Muri office , after which the village formed one of 13 judicial districts of the free offices, headed by a local subordinate. The Wohler village and district court ruled in the first instance on all lower court cases that did not fall under the jurisdiction of the Muri monastery.

The autonomy of the subjects was great in view of the small administrative apparatus of the free offices. In the course of time, a civil parish developed which regulated the economic and organizational issues of the rural population. Due to the relatively high population and the resulting complex conditions, an opening was necessary early on , in which the rights and obligations of the community were recorded in writing. The first known version dates from 1406, but a copy from 1702/03 has survived. From 1728 the parish had its own archive in the parish church.

St. Anna Chapel , built in 1513/14

The largest landowner was the Muri Monastery, which had its own Fronhof in Wohlen and managed it from the Muri-Amthof in Bremgarten . Other landlords were the Hermetschwil and Gnadenthal monasteries , the Niederwil , Göslikon and Villmergen parishes , the hospital and various citizens of the city of Bremgarten as well as a few private individuals. A parish church had existed since the late 12th century, but was only responsible for those farms that belonged to the Lords of Wolen and their heirs. The other residents were required to parish to Niederwil and Göslikon. After a petition to the papal nuncio Antonio Pucci , the collators concerned agreed in 1518 to unite all residents in one parish.

From 1523, the Reformation found more and more supporters in the northern free offices, to which the influence of Zurich contributed in particular . Finally, in May 1529, the Wohler joined the new denomination, combined with an iconoclasm in the parish church. However, after the defeat of the Reformed towns in the Second Kappel War , the Free Offices were recatholized in November 1531 in accordance with the provisions of the Second Kappel Peace . The well-being were punished with heavy fines and lost the right to freely choose the subordinate. Before and after the First Battle of Villmergen in 1656, Wohlen, unlike several neighboring villages, was spared looting.

In 1712, the Reformed troops set up camp in Wohlen before the Second Battle of Villmergen . Then they were able to force a decision in their favor in the Second Villmerger War . The inferior Catholic places were now excluded from the administration of the northern free offices. The rule passed to Zurich and Bern , which had not previously been involved , only Glarus , which had remained neutral, was allowed to keep its previous share (one seventh). The new reformed government had little effect on Wohlen. The previous laws continued to apply and the denominational status was preserved. On the other hand, the new masters renounced their right to recruit troops, as they did not want Catholics in their ranks.

The Gasthof Rössli (1738), the second oldest residential building in Wohlen

In March 1798 the French took Switzerland ( French invasion ). They proclaimed the Helvetic Republic and smashed the old system of rule. Wohlen was now a municipality in the short-lived canton of Baden and belonged to the Sarmenstorf district . Although the community was exempted from the status of subjects, the foreign troops drove many residents into poverty with billeting, demands for provisions and forced recruiting. The canton of Baden was internally torn and barely governable. While most of the villages in the Free Offices (for which the name Freiamt quickly became naturalized) called for the connection to the conservative cantons of Lucerne or Zug , the Wohler kept the connection to the new canton of Aargau (which initially only included the Bernese Aargau ) for the better solution. They promised themselves a more liberal state order and thus better economic framework conditions. Since the mediation act came into force on March 10, 1803, Wohlen has belonged to the Bremgarten district in the canton of Aargau.

From an arable farmer to an industrial village

In the early modern period , the cultivation of grain shaped the Wohler economy significantly. The real division usual in the free offices led to the formation of a large layer of Taunern - small farmers who were dependent on a sideline. Compared to the cities, the far-reaching freedom of trade represented a certain degree of relief. Opportunities to earn a living were small businesses, trade and viticulture . One of the innovations that the new state system in the canton of Aargau brought with it was the replacement of the tithe obligation . In 1806 the community took over the transfer fee for all citizens and made it possible for them to pay off the debt in installments. This process dragged on until the 1850s.

Viticulture was practiced on the southern slopes of the Wagenrain from 1625 , which is still evidenced by various field and path names such as Rebberg, Rebhalde, Rebebänkli and Trottenweg. 1630 built a Wohler citizen on his land a wine press . This came into the possession of the Muri monastery in 1701, which controlled the entire wine production for the next few decades. In 1781 there were 81 farmers and Tauners who made their living from viticulture. In the peak year of 1782, the production volume was around 150,000 liters. The phylloxera epidemic at the end of the 19th century made the Wohler Vines so difficult that they disappeared completely in 1910. In 1923 the trot was broken off. In 2017, the local non-profit association revived the old tradition and planted white wine vines again on a small plot of land.

Braid industry in Wohlen around 1900

The straw weaving had the greatest importance for the further development . The farmers in the region used the straw from growing grain to weave their hats. Jacob Isler founded the first trading company in 1783, which was soon followed by others. They bought the home- made braids and expanded their trade in all of Switzerland. At the beginning of the 19th century the first Wohler straw hats were exported abroad. The "straw barons" who had risen from the Tauner class achieved prosperity. The use of braiding machines led to the replacement of the previous publishing system by factories from around 1840 . Wohler companies achieved a dominant position in Switzerland in the second half of the 19th century. They flexibly adapted to fashion trends and individual companies maintained agencies in metropolises such as Paris , London or New York . They obtained the raw material from numerous villages in Freiamt, in the Seetal , in Central Switzerland , in Rafzerfeld in Zurich and in the Gruyère region of Freiburg . For these reasons, Wohlen has been nicknamed Chly Paris ( Little Paris ) ever since . The unpredictability of the international market, economic crises and strong foreign competition caused numerous bankruptcies, which were soon followed by start-ups.

Onlookers and military visitors in front of the tent city of the 1st Federal Military Camp in 1822

In August 1820, Charles-Jules Guiguer de Prangins organized the first federal military camp in Wohlen, in which over 2500 soldiers from six cantons took part. The military camps carried out until 1852 (again in Wohlen in 1828) promoted collective awareness in the management levels of the cantonal armies and prepared the ground for the later federal state and a common army. In 1823, Harzrüti, south of the village, was incorporated, a Steckhof that had been self-sufficient from the rest of the village community since at least the 13th century .

In 1829 the canton planned a new straight road from Dottikon via Wagenrain to Bremgarten , bypassing Wohlen. Bremgarten completed the section of the Drissgerstross (Dreissigerstrasse, named after the year of construction in 1830) running in its area , but the surrounding communities refused to do any work because they did not want to be cut off from through traffic. Above all, Wohlen feared massive economic disadvantages. The road was never completed and turned into a forest path. On December 5, 1830, around 6,000 armed men gathered in Wohlen for the Freiämtersturm and moved to Aarau , where they overthrew the cantonal government in a bloodless uprising and forced constitutional reforms.

Terminal station of the Bremgarten-Dietikon-Bahn in 1912, on the left the SBB station building

In the Helvetic Republic, there was a division of administrative competencies into a local citizens' community and a resident community , which was abolished again in 1803. The new unified congregation discriminated against the ever increasing number of residents. It was only after 1850 that they were even entitled to serve on commissions. Finally, in 1867, the community of residents was reintroduced, which subsequently took on more and more competencies and soon surpassed the local community in importance.

The influential straw industry advocated the connection to the railway network and convinced the community assembly to invest half a million francs in the Aargau Southern Railway . The Rupperswil –Lenzburg – Wohlen section was opened on June 23, 1874. The extension to Muri followed on June 1, 1875 , and a short branch line to Bremgarten ( Wohlen-Bremgarten Railway ) on September 1, 1876 . With the completion of the Muri – Rotkreuz section , the southern line was passable on its entire length from December 1, 1881 and enabled the connection to the Gotthard line in the following year . With the takeover, renovation and electrification of the Wohlen-Bremgarten Railway, the Bremgarten-Dietikon Railway was able to commence continuous operation between Wohlen and Dietikon on February 8, 1912 . On December 18, 1916, with the opening of the Wohlen-Meisterschwanden Railway, the expansion of Wohlens into a railway junction was completed.

Development since the 20th century

Aerial view from 1953

View of Anglikon

In 1911, the cantonal government obliged the neighboring municipality of Anglikon to build a school. Due to numerous official requirements, the construction costs far exceeded the financial strength of the community, so that the Anglic community council ultimately had no choice but to strive to merge with Wohlen. Against Wohlens express resistance, who feared assuming the debt burden and future infrastructure costs, the Grand Council decided on the merger on October 29, 1912 with 79:64 votes. After two unsuccessful appeals by the Wohler municipal council to the federal court , Anglikon, which had an area of ​​216 hectares and then had 420 inhabitants, was merged on January 1, 1914. Anglikon belonged to the Roman Catholic parish of Villmergen until 1917 and then also came to Wohlen.

Due to the sharp rise in food prices, numerous residents became impoverished during the First World War and had to use the help of the soup kitchen; It was not until autumn 1917 that food was rationed. In November 1918, typographers and railroad workers took part in the state strike in Wohlen . The local council had the strike leaders arrested and the fire brigade guarded public buildings until the end of the strike. Numerous people who had lost their jobs during the Great Depression were employed in public works in the early 1930s. The National Socialist front movement tried to gain a foothold in Wohlen and held controversial events; a demonstration in June 1935 turned into a fight with counter-demonstrators. During the Second World War , Wohlen was affected by the usual measures such as blackout, rationing and exploitation of the peat deposits . As part of the cultivation battle , the agricultural area was expanded, whereby eight hectares of forest had to be cleared.

Straightening the Bünz (1922)

Factory hall of the former Ferrowohlen ironworks

An important project in the first half of the 20th century was the drainage of the valley floor. The Bünz was divided into several arms. In addition, the water drained poorly, which is why there were extensive swamp areas and flooding was frequent. The first stage of the water correction was the construction of the Büelisach Canal in 1921/22. From 1921 to 1924 the Bünz was straightened from Waltenschwil to the center of Wohlens and placed in a canal. The section to the Dottikon border followed from 1929 to 1931 , and four more drainage systems were built by 1943 . Agriculture could be relocated from the corridors close to the center to newly reclaimed areas, which enabled the further expansion of the settlement area. Flooding continued to occur sporadically in the following decades. From the 1990s the Bünz was gradually renatured . From 2015 to 2017 a flood retention basin was built with an 850 meter long dam that holds over 600,000 m³ of water; the construction costs amounted to 16 million francs.

The straw braid industry experienced its final high phase at the end of the 1920s. The number of employees reached its peak, with around 30% still being used for seasonal home work. The global economic crisis caused a profound structural change. Many small companies had to stop production, while the larger ones were forced to cut costs through staff reductions, increased mechanization and specialization. The disappearance of hat fashion in the 1950s also caused a decline in the well-known large companies and the number of employees steadily decreased. In 1991 the era of straw weaving ended for good. However, the settlement of new companies in other branches compensated for this decline and Wohlen continued to have an industrial character. The share of the service sector also increased continuously.

The Ferrowohlen erected a 1955 ferrous and introduced by melting ausgedientem steel Armierungsprodukte forth. At times the company had 400 employees. Due to the collapse of the European steel market, production had to be stopped in 1994. As a result, the Wohlen-Meisterschwanden-Bahn lost its most important customer, so that passenger transport had to be switched to bus operation on May 31, 1997 for reasons of profitability. In 2003, the Ferrowohlen presented the urban development project Ferropolis : By converting the factory halls and building new buildings, a new district with 3,000 jobs and living space for 3,000 people was to be created with an investment volume of several hundred million francs. The project failed in 2007, however. The sudden increase in population would have required extensive investments in the local infrastructure, and the disposal of the slag was an insurmountable problem.

In May 2009, a clear majority of those entitled to vote spoke out against the plans of the municipal authorities to declare Wohlen a city, although this would not have had any legal consequences.

Site and architecture

See also : List of cultural assets in Wohlen

reformed Church

Typical for the village center is the juxtaposition of former factories, residential houses, commercial and commercial buildings. As the thatch industry expanded, the old thatched farmhouses were pushed out. New buildings were built where the former smallholders had inherited a piece of land or were able to acquire it cheaply (building codes and zoning plans only existed from 1928 and 1954). It was not until the middle of the 19th century, when the original structure had been largely replaced, that the built-up area grew significantly beyond the village center. The structural and social mix remained intact; no real industrial, villa or workers' quarters were formed. Today Wohlen presents itself as an urbanized village.

Due to its exposed location on a terrace in the center of the village, the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Leonhard shapes the townscape. The current building was built between 1804 and 1807 in the classical style, the church tower dates from 1488. A semicircular flight of stairs leading to the main entrance enhances the representative effect. Next to the church is the rectory built in 1759. The St. Anna Chapel was built in 1513/14 in the late Gothic style . A special treasure of the chapel is the winged altar, which originally stood in the pilgrimage church of Hergiswald and was sold to Wohlen in 1894. The Reformed Church was built in 1926 on a small hill near the train station and has the strict, straightforward shape of a cuboid; the church tower was unusually low because of the unstable building site.

Former administration building of Georges Meyer & Cie.

Villa Isler

Emmanuel Isler House

Wohlen on Steingasse retained the most rural and rural character with several buildings from the 19th century. This is also where the “Schlössli” is located, a free-standing cubic building under a pitched gable roof . The oldest building in Wohlens has existed since at least 1546, but probably dates back to the 12th century. It had become so dilapidated that it should have been demolished in 2000. An association campaigned for its preservation, and two fires in 2005 and 2007 also damaged the building. Finally, in 2017/18 a meeting center was built on the original medieval foundation walls. The second oldest building is the “Rössli” inn on Zentralstrasse. The two-storey post construction with a half - hipped roof was initially built in 1738 as a farmhouse belonging to an under bailiff family and was used as a restaurant and meeting place for the local council and district court from the middle of the 18th century. Other taverns that define the townscape are the “Sternen” on Kirchenplatz (1826, from the conversion of a forge) and the “Bären” on Bärenplatz (1836, originally an office building of the Wohler & Cie. Company).

Examples of late classicist industrial architecture of the 19th and early 20th centuries are the former administration and manufacturing buildings of Jacob Isler & Co., M. Bruggisser & Co., Paul Walser & Co. and Georges Meyer & Cie., As well as the bleaching plant . The up-and-coming straw merchants and industrialists had representative "negotiator houses" built. The oldest building of this type is the "Emmanuel-Isler-Haus" on Kirchenplatz, a stately town house with a steep hipped roof built in 1819; today it serves as a Roman Catholic parish hall. The "Villa Isler" from 1860 is also architecturally outstanding. Since 2013 it has housed the "Straw Museum in the Park". A garden with old trees surrounds it and is also open to the public.

A controversial political issue in the 1970s was the demolition of the old parish hall next to the Catholic Church. It was built as a schoolhouse in 1810 and was the location of the municipal authorities from 1854. After the new parish hall opened in 1972, it was empty. After the Wohler voters had voted in favor of it in two controversial referendums, the historic building was demolished in July 1979 for reasons of traffic safety because it was at a difficult intersection.

The extension of the canton school in Wohlen (built in 1984/88) is an outstanding example of modern architecture. The roof structures over the entrance, in the central area, in the library and in the auditorium are among the earliest works of the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava . Individual buildings from the 19th century have been preserved in Anglikon. The Franz Xaver Chapel was first mentioned in 1515 and has existed in its current form since 1746.

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "Under a red shield head in white black tip." The coat of arms corresponds to that of the lords of Wolen, who died out in 1425. The community has had this herald image as a seal since 1811 . The seal from 1872 incorrectly contained a blue tip, which is probably due to the seal operator's ignorance of the hatching . The symbolism has not been handed down. According to official instructions, the main shield should not exceed two sevenths of the shield height in order to avoid the impression that the shield is divided. This type of regulation of drawing details is rather unusual in heraldry .

population

The population developed as follows:

year	1700	1798	1850	1900	1930	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
Residents	approx. 780	1397	2909	3695	5862	6670	8636	12,024	11,704	12,498	13,329	14,483

On December 31, 2019, 16,541 people lived in Wohlen; the proportion of foreigners was 39.1% and was thus slightly more than a third above the canton's average of 25.2%. According to the census of January 1, 2015, of the then 5,951 residents with foreign citizenship, 24.7% came from Italy (almost a tenth of the total population), 16.4% from Kosovo , 11.1% from Germany , 7.0% Macedonia , 6.3% from Portugal , 5.3% from Turkey and 4.9% from Serbia . 79.8% of the population stated German as their main language in the 2000 census , followed by Italian (8.1%), Albanian (3.1%), Serbo-Croatian (2.3%), Turkish (1.4%) , Portuguese (0.8%), Spanish (0.7%) and French (0.5%).

After the recatholization of 1531, the population of Wohlens was exclusively Roman Catholic for around three centuries . Members of the Reformed denomination did not settle again until the beginning of the 19th century, when industrialization began; their number rose sharply, especially at the beginning of the 20th century. As a result of immigration from Southeastern Europe and Turkey, Sunni Muslims have become the third largest religious community. In the 2015 census, 45.8% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 12.9% as Reformed; 41.3% were non-denominational or of other faiths.

Politics and law

The Political Municipality (called community of residents in the canton of Aargau) performs all municipal tasks that have not been declared to be the sphere of activity of another type of municipality (for example, the parishes of the regional churches ) by superordinate law .

legislative branch

3

7th

3

1

7th

2

6th

11

3 7th 3 1 7th 2 6th 11 

A total of 40 seats

• GPS : 3
• SP : 7
• glp : 3
• EVP : 1
• CVP : 7
• DAnglikon : 2
• FDP : 6
• SVP : 11

Since 1966, instead of the usual community assembly in smaller communities, the community parliament elected by the Wohler voters, the residents' council , has represented the concerns of the population. It consists of 40 members who are each elected for four years by proportional representation. He is responsible for approving the tax rate , the budget, the annual accounts, the annual report and the loans. It also issues regulations, controls the conduct of office of the executive and decides on naturalizations . The residents' councils can submit parliamentary proposals ( motion , postulate , small questions ). The conference venue is the casino.

The graphic on the right shows the distribution of seats after the election on November 26, 2017. In previous elections, the parties achieved the following number of seats:

Political party	1973	1977	1981	1985	1989	1993	1997	2001	2005	2009	2013	2017
SVP	02	02	02	02	02	02	06th	09	10	12	13	11
SP	05	08th	06th	04th	05	03	03	04th	05	05	04th	07th
CVP	17th	13	14th	14th	12	11	12	10	10	09	10	07th
FDP	11	10	09	10	10	10	09	07th	06th	05	05	06th
Greens / Eusi Lüüt	0-	0-	05	07th	08th	06th	06th	04th	02	04th	03	03
GLP	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	03	03
Anglikon part of the village	02	02	02	02	01	02	02	01	01	01	01	02
EPP	01	01	01	01	0-	01	01	01	02	01	01	01
For the good	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	04th	04th	03	0-	0-
Car party	0-	0-	0-	0-	02	04th	01	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-
LdU	01	02	01	0-	0-	01	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-
Euse Maa	0-	02	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-
Team 67	01	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-	0-

It should be noted that the central parties CVP and FDP dominated village politics until the end of the 1990s and together provided more than half of the seats. Its gradual decline - similar to the cantonal and national level - went hand in hand with the rise of the right-wing conservative SVP to become the largest party, which had previously only played a marginal role. The Social Democrats are strongest in the left-wing party spectrum. The Greens appeared until 2008 as an independent grouping Eusi Lüüt (“Our People”), which in turn goes back to the list Euse Maa (“Our Man”) of the later cabaret artist Peach Weber . The village part of Anglikon , which advocates the concerns of the population of Anglikon, has always been represented on the residents' council .

Various elements of direct democracy can also be found at the level of the resident community . The population is entitled to optional and compulsory referendums as well as the popular initiative .

executive

The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people for four years in a majority process . The municipal council leads and represents the community of residents. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the residents' council and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. Head of the executive is the mayor .

Parish hall

The five municipal councils for the 2018–2021 term are:

• Arsène Perroud (SP), mayor
• Roland Vogt (SVP), Vice-Minister
• Thomas Burkard (GPS)
• Ariane Gregor-Neff (CVP)
• Paul Huwiler (CVP)

Judiciary

The Bremgarten District Court is primarily responsible for legal disputes . Wohlen is the seat of Friedensrichterkreis VI, which covers the western part of the district.

National elections

In the Swiss parliamentary elections 2019, the voter shares in Wohlen were: SVP 30.5%, SP 17.2%, FDP 15.3%, CVP 13.7%, Greens 8.4%, glp 7.6%, EPP 2, 5%, BDP 2.3%, team 65+ 1.1%.

Local citizen

The local citizens' community includes those residents who are citizens of Wohlen. The main task is the administration of the local citizens' assets, the origin of which lies in the civil estates that were taken over from the time of the Ancien Régime. In the case of the local community of Wohlen, this is 220 ha of forest, 618 ha of building rights and 68 ha of cultivated land. The forest is managed by its own forest enterprise. They also own the Sternen restaurant and Villa Isler. The legislature is the local citizens' assembly, the executive is the municipal council of the municipality (which also includes non-local residents).

Partner municipality

The partner municipality of Wohlen is Lermoos in the Austrian state of Tyrol . After two districts of Lermoos had been partially destroyed by the US Army in May 1945, Wohlen took on an aid sponsorship in 1946 and supported the population with material goods. In 2001 the sponsorship was converted into a community partnership. Wohlen is also closely connected (but without an official partnership) with the city of Sumy in northeast Ukraine . This is done by the Help-Point Sumy association, which was founded in 2005 and, with official support, carries out deliveries of aid supplies such as technical material for hospitals or fire fighting vehicles and equipment every year.

economy

Rigacker industrial and commercial zone between Wohlen and Anglikon

According to the company structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, there are around 7800 jobs in Wohlen. Of this, 0.8% is accounted for by agriculture and forestry ( primary sector ), 22.6% by industry (secondary sector) and 76.6% by the service sector (tertiary sector). As the center of a sub-agglomeration on the edge of the Zurich metropolitan region , Wohlen has strong commuter flows . The ratio of inbound and outbound commuters is - in contrast to numerous municipalities in the region with a clearly identifiable orientation of the working population towards the centers - significantly more balanced. According to the 2000 census, 4,842 people commuted here, while 6,081 people were employed in other regions (one third of them in Zurich and the surrounding area).

Since the decline of the straw industry, there is no longer a dominant branch in the industrial sector in Wohlen . However, a preference developed for machine, measuring instrument and tool construction as well as the production of plastics and packaging materials. The only company in the straw weave industry that was able to establish itself in new areas was Cellpack, which emerged from the Gebr. Dreifuss hat weave factory founded in 1855 , which specialized in the manufacture of plastics and electrical circuits. Cellpack, now part of the Behr Bircher Cellpack BBC holding company and domiciled in neighboring Villmergen, was represented with an isolator plant in Wohlen until 2001, which has since been part of the Tyco Electronics group.

Wilco AG is one of the world's leading companies in the areas of gas analysis, leak detection and leak testing, while Sulzer Metco AG , which is part of the Sulzer Group, plays an equally important role in the areas of surface technology and thermal coating. Camille Bauer AG is internationally active in the field of temperature and control technology. Also of importance is Winkler Livecom AG, which develops lighting and event concepts for international corporations and trade fairs as well as cultural and sporting events. After the failure of the Ferropolis urban development project, the halls of the former Ferrowohlen ironworks are rented to subsequent users as a production facility and warehouse. The first tenants moved in in 2009, including the logistics center of the electronics retail company Digitec Galaxus . The extensive site is gradually being expanded into an industrial park.

Numerous manufacturing companies and service providers are united in the craft and trade association. In addition to the mutual safeguarding and promotion of economic and political interests, one of his main tasks is to organize the HAGEWO trade exhibition, which takes place every five years. The shopping options in Wohlen are largely determined by the Coop and Migros centers near the train station . There are also numerous shops.

The first markets took place in Wohlen in 1850 after the cantonal government had significantly expanded market rights . A private market commission was initially responsible for the organization, and since 1864 the municipality. Towards the end of the 19th century, the importance of the markets declined again, as the local industry could offer most of the goods they needed themselves. For cost reasons, the carnival market was abolished in 1902. The May market and the autumn market in October, at which rides can also be found, as well as a small weekly market are also held .

Transport and infrastructure

Streets

Wohlen lies at the intersection of several streets. The most important is the main road 1 leading through the village center from Geneva via Bern and Zurich to Kreuzlingen . Until the construction of the motorways in the 1960s and 1970s, it was the most important west-east connection in Switzerland. At the western edge of the village, the main road 25 branches off via Zug to Arth . Local connecting roads lead via Villmergen into the neighboring Seetal to the west , to Büttikon , to Waltenschwil , via Niederwil in the direction of Baden and via Dottikon in the direction of Brugg . The closest junctions to the A1 motorway are at Lenzburg and Mägenwil , both around ten kilometers away.

The inner-city road network is aligned with a ring road in the center, several roundabouts relieve the junction. The through traffic in north-south direction is largely routed past the periphery, but not that from west to east. There are political demands for a southern bypass, but this has only a low priority in the cantonal structure plan . The main argument against the construction so far has been the fact that the destination and source traffic is far more important than the through traffic. New surveys are to clarify whether the opening of the A4 motorway to the east in November 2009 caused changes in traffic flows.

Public transport

Wohlen station

The public transport hub is the Wohlen station of the Swiss Federal Railways , which opened in 1874 . Trains run every half hour on the S26 Aargau S-Bahn from Rotkreuz to Aarau and hourly trains on the S25 from Muri to Brugg . In addition, there are individual direct trains to and from Zurich in the evening and morning peak . The station forecourt is the western end point of the narrow-gauge Bremgarten-Dietikon-Bahn , which runs every half hour as the S17 and also serves the Wohlen Oberdorf stop.

Several post bus lines connect Wohlen with neighboring communities from the train station . They lead to Dottikon, Hägglingen , Mellingen , Muri and Uezwil . The Limmat Bus company operates a bus line to Meisterschwanden , as a replacement for the Wohlen-Meisterschwanden Railway, which was shut down in 1997 . Wohlen has had a local bus network since 1990 (definitive introduction in 1993 after three years of trial operation). It consists of six lines that provide fine access and are used by around 425,000 passengers annually. On weekends, Wohlen is served by night buses from Lenzburg and Dietikon . The entire public transport network is part of the A-Welle tariff association .

care

IB Wohlen AG (ibw) supplies the community with electricity, natural gas and drinking water. The company is 100% owned by the municipality and was created in 1961 when the municipal gas, electricity and water works were merged and made independent.

In 1865 Wohlen received twelve kerosene lamps as a gift, which made street lighting possible for the first time . When Zurich-based Escher Wyss AG built the Bremgarten-Zufikon power plant on the Reuss in 1893 , it had to sell part of the production at preferential prices in Aargau, according to the concession. Wohlen secured this share, but left the distribution to the «Electricitäts-Gesellschaft Wohlen», which in 1894 built a transformer station in the former tithe barn and installed the electrical street lighting. In 1906 the municipality bought all shares in the electricity company. Anglikon was also connected to the electricity network in 1915.

Wastewater treatment plant

The problem was the low capacity of the drinking water sources. A short-term relief in 1898 brought the version of Quellen am Niesenberg above Kallern . In 1905 and 1916 further sources were added in Büttikon , and in 1921 the first groundwater well was built in Waltenschwil . But even these soon no longer met the increasing demand. In 1947 and 1949 the higher quarters remained without water in the summer. Finally, from 1959 onwards, Wohlen and Lenzburg participated in the construction of an abundant groundwater well in Niederlenz . The water problem was finally solved in 1961 with the completion of a ten-kilometer pipeline through the Bünztal. Anglikon had had its own water supply since 1899, which was only connected to Wohlens in 1964. Due to high residues of the pesticide chlorothalonil , the Eichholz groundwater pumping station was closed until further notice.

1913 was one of the last in Wohlen coal - gas stations in Switzerland opened. The operation was initially carried out by the German company Aug. Klönne , which had also built the gasworks. In 1920 the community took over the business itself. Three decades later, town gas production turned out to be less and less profitable. It was replaced in 1961 by the country's first light gasoline splitting plant. When Wohlens was connected to the natural gas network of the Mittelland gas network , the gas works was shut down in 1978.

Although the first sewer system was put into operation in 1903 and subsequently expanded step by step, the wastewater flowed into the Bünz without being treated. As early as the late 1930s, they turned the river into a foul-smelling sewer and destroyed the fish population. The wastewater treatment plant , a joint venture between the municipalities of Wohlen, Waltenschwil and Villmergen , was opened in 1974 after the plans had to be adapted several times to the rapid growth of population and industry.

education

Bünzmatt school center

As the regional center of south-eastern Aargau, Wohlen has a comprehensive range of educational opportunities, so that most of Wohler's children and young people can complete their entire school days here. The five-person school administration elected by the people is responsible for the proper fulfillment of all tasks of the elementary school and is primarily active on a strategic level. For operational tasks, she employs school heads, who take on pedagogical, personnel and administrative management within the scope of the competencies assigned to her.

Cantonal school in Wohlen

In Wohlen there are ten kindergartens (including a speech therapy kindergarten ) and three school centers (Halde, Bünzmatt and Junkholz), and in Anglikon there is a schoolhouse with an additional kindergarten department. All levels of compulsory elementary school are taught, consisting of primary school up to the 6th school year and - depending on ability - the Realschule , the secondary school and the district school up to the 9th school year. In addition, a special education school and a music school are run. With 2,300 students and 350 teachers, Wohlen is numerically the largest school community in the canton. The Freiamt vocational training center, the location of the industrial and commercial vocational school with over 800 students, in which a vocational school is integrated, falls under the responsibility of the cantonal authorities . The Kantonsschule Wohlen is a secondary school ( grammar school ), the completion of which ( Matura ) entitles to university studies.

Until the early 19th century, school lessons were held exclusively in private homes. In 1810, the municipality had to build the first schoolhouse under pressure from the cantonal authorities. Various people who were dissatisfied with the inadequate educational offer (especially representatives of the straw industry) founded the district school in 1835 at their own expense. Due to financial problems of the initiators and low subsidies, it had to cease operations again in 1841. Only in 1854, after the construction of the Halde schoolhouse and financial assurances from the canton, could the district school be put on a permanent basis. With the exception of the primary school in Anglikon (1914) and extensions to the Haldenschulhaus, no new school buildings were added for over a century. The vocational school was built in 1957 and expanded in 1970. The school complexes Bünzmatt (1966/71, architect Dolf Schnebli ) and Junkholz (1973/74) followed. The seminar, built in 1966, initially served to train teachers and ten years later received the status of a cantonal school; In 1984/88 this was supplemented by a several times larger extension.

Culture

Since 2013 the Villa Isler has housed the "Straw Museum in the Park", which deals with the development and decline of the Aargau straw industry. In addition to numerous products such as sets and hats, tools, machines and semi-finished products are also presented. The collection had previously been located since 1976 under the name "Freiämter Straw Museum" in a former bank building on Kirchenplatz from the late 19th century. The community library is still housed in this today.

Cultural events such as theater performances and concerts are usually held in the Sternensaal, the Chappelehof Hall and the casino . The Kanti-Forum is an independent cultural institution based at the canton school, which is aimed at an audience with high demands. The Circolo ACLI (Associazioni Christiane Lavoratori Italiani) promotes dialogue with the large Italian-speaking minority through cultural and social projects. There is also a cinema in Wohlen ; In addition to the usual current films, it shows little-known auteur films several times a year in cooperation with the Wohlen Film Club .

Carnival parade

The Circus Monti is a circus known throughout Switzerland , which was founded in Wohlen and has its winter quarters here. Open-air festivals have been held at irregular intervals on a field east of the village since 2001 . The performers appearing here included a-ha , Krokus , Melanie C , Status Quo and Toto . While the focus was initially on rock and pop music under the name “Soundarena”, a change in concept followed in 2011: Since then, the area has been used by the Touch the Air festival , which specializes in hip-hop , RnB and electro .

As in the other Catholic areas of Aargau, the carnival in Wohlen has a centuries-old tradition, it is largely shaped by the Lucerne carnival . In addition to numerous masked balls, the highlight of Carnival is the parade, which takes place every two years on Sunday between Dirty Thursday and Ash Wednesday . A custom that has existed since 1941 is the “Chlausauszug” on the second Sunday of Advent, which is organized by the Jungwacht and the Catholic parish. The Santa Clauses ( Santa Clauses ) step out of the parish church in the early evening and, together with the Schmutzli, give presents to the numerous children and adults present. They then visit around 200 families in Wohlen and Anglikon for three days. The custom of the Räbeliechtli is also maintained in November .

Sports

Niedermatten Stadium

The Wohler sports facilities are mainly concentrated in the Niedermatten. The largest sports center in the canton was opened there in 2004, consisting of the Niedermatten stadium , two football training grounds, an athletics stadium with a 400-meter circular track, an inline hockey field , a Finnish track and nine tennis courts . The neighboring swimming pool with three swimming pools in a park-like landscape was opened in 1965, the artificial ice rink has existed since 1976. In the immediate vicinity there is also a mini golf and pétanque facility, an indoor riding arena and a tennis and squash hall . At other locations there are also several gymnasiums and sports halls as well as a Vitaparcours .

By far the best-known sports club is FC Wohlen , which played in the Challenge League , the second highest football league in Switzerland, from 2002 to 2018 and plays its home games at the Niedermatten stadium. The men's team of the squash club SC Wohlen became Swiss champions for the first time in the 2007/08 season and repeated this success in the two following seasons. HC Wohlen Freiamt plays ice hockey in the men's 3rd amateur league . The women of TV Wohlen are represented in the national handball league B, the men in the first division (second or third highest division).

The Whitsun Run has been held annually on Whit Saturday since 1967, an international running event with an average of 1,000 participants. Two well-known sports institutions have the name Wohlen in their names, but they are not located in the community. On the one hand, there is the Motorsport Club Wohlen, which annually organizes national and international motorcycle racing cross-country races in Hilfikon, and on the other hand the Wohlen kart track in Waltenschwil .

Personalities

• Jens Alder (* 1957), manager
• Anton Bruggisser (1835–1905), politician
• Johann Peter Bruggisser (1806–1870), National Councilor and judge
• Kaspar Leonz Bruggisser (1807–1848), lawyer and politician
• Philippe Bruggisser (* 1948), manager
• Rocco Cipriano (* 1968), kickboxer
• Albert Dubler (1857-1903), pathologist
• Bernhardt Edskes (* 1940), Dutch-Swiss organist and organ builder
• Roland von Flüe (* 1961), jazz musician
• Gertrud Heinzelmann (1914–1999), Catholic theologian
• Hermann Huber (1863–1915), member of the government
• Peter J. Huber (* 1934), statistician
• Andy Hug (1964-2000), kickboxer
• Jacob Isler (1758–1837), pioneer of the straw industry
• Jakob Isler (1809–1862), National Councilor, Council of States, industrialist
• Peter Emil Isler (1851–1936), Councilor of States, National Councilor, co-founder of the Cantonal Bank
• Viktor Korchnoi (1931–2016), chess player
• Albert Kuhn (1839–1929), art historian
• Georges Meyer-Darcis (1860–1913), entrepreneur, botanist and entomologist
• Hugo Müller (1883–1961), mountaineer and author
• Stefan M. Schmid (* 1943), geologist
• Seven (* 1978), singer and musician
• Ciriaco Sforza (* 1970), football player, coach
• Walter Thurnherr (* 1963), Federal Chancellor (grew up in Wohlen)
• Peach Weber (* 1952), cabaret artist, comedian

literature

• Anton Wohler: Wohlen (AG). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Anne-Marie Dubler , Jean-Jacques Siegrist : Wohlen - History of law, economy and population of an early industrialized community in Aargau . In: Argovia , annual journal of the Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau . tape 86 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1975, ISBN 3-7941-1367-5 .
• Peter Felder: The art monuments of the canton of Aargau . Ed .: Society for Swiss Art History . Volume IV (Bremgarten district). Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1967, ISBN 3-906131-07-6 .
• Harold Külling, Walter Meyer, Herbert Notter, Anton Wohler: Wohlen 1887–1987: 100 years of the craft and trade association . Ed .: Craftsmen and Trade Association Wohlen. Wohlen 1987 (with detailed information on local history).
• Div. Authors: Local Guide Wohlen 2010 . Ed .: Kasimir Meier AG, Wohlen municipality. Wohlen 2010 (guide for residents).
• Dieter Kuhn, Jörg Meier, Eduard Kiener, Michael Kohn: 100 years of electricity and water supply . Ed .: Industrielle Betriebe Wohlen. Well 1994.
• Emil Suter: The field names of the municipality of Wohlen AG. Historical Society Freiamt, Wohlen 1934

Web links

Commons : Wohlen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Wohlen
• Official website of the Straw Museum

and display information about the image

Panorama of Wohlen, seen from Sandbühl between Hilfikon and Villmergen, with Heitersberg in the background

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 474-476 .
4. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
5. ↑ ^{a b c} National map of Switzerland, sheet 1090, Swisstopo.
6. ↑ Water for Wohlen - today and in the past. (PDF) In: Environment Aargau (special issue 15). Department for the Environment of the Canton of Aargau, August 2003, pp. 62, 66 , accessed on March 9, 2010 . 
7. ↑ Norm value tables 1961–1990. MeteoSwiss, archived from the original on April 19, 2009 ; Retrieved March 3, 2010 . 
8. ↑ Record values ​​from Wohlen. Wohlen weather station, accessed on March 3, 2010 . 
9. ↑ Erdmannlistein. Destination Aargau, 2009, archived from the original on December 15, 2009 ; Retrieved March 23, 2010 . 
10. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 39-41.
11. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 54-56.
12. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 80-86.
13. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 231.
14. ↑ Peter Frey: The Habsburg. Report on the excavations of 1994/95 . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 109 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1997, ISBN 3-7941-4469-4 , p. 167 .
15. ↑ Felix Müller: Wohlen, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2013 .
16. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 129-132.
17. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 149–157.
18. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 274-275.
19. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 242-243.
20. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 139-142.
21. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 169-170.
22. ^ Anne-Marie Dubler: Ruled and administered together. The free offices as federal subjects . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 119 . Verlag hier + now, Baden 2007, p. 46 .
23. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 450-455.
24. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 470-471.
25. ↑ Jörg Baumann: White wine like in the old days - community supports mini-vineyard project. Aargauer Zeitung , April 27, 2017, accessed on June 20, 2019 . 
26. ↑ Christian Breitschmid: The vineyard is rooted in a beer idea. Aargauer Zeitung , September 7, 2018, accessed on June 20, 2019 . 
27. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 538.
28. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 554-558.
29. ↑ Fabian Furter: The day was like a national festival. Wohler Anzeiger, October 14, 2005.
30. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 299-302.
31. ↑ The Unfinished. (PDF; 2.6 MB) In: Historic traffic routes in the canton of Aargau. Federal Roads Office, 2007, p. 30 , accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
32. ↑ Off to Aarau, Freiämter! (PDF; 3.3 MB) Bremgarter Bezirks-Anzeiger, December 2, 2005, archived from the original on July 23, 2011 ; Retrieved March 3, 2010 . 
33. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 592.
34. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 620-621.
35. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 598.
36. ↑ Külling et al., 100 Years of Craftsmen and Trades Association Wohlen, pp. 67–72.
37. ↑ Külling et al., 100 Years of Crafts and Trades Association Wohlen, pp. 90–94.
38. ↑ Külling et al., 100 Years of Craftsmen and Trades Association Wohlen, pp. 109–110.
39. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 312.
40. ↑ Construction on the Bünz between Wohlen and Waltenschwil has started. Aargauer Zeitung , July 19, 2015, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
41. ↑ Regional flood protection Bünztal. raonline.ch, 2019, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
42. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 559-561.
43. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 588-589.
44. ↑ 20 companies instead of a huge melting furnace. Aargauer Zeitung , January 27, 2015, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
45. ↑ Ferropolis is on hold, Aargauer Zeitung , May 8, 2007.
46. ↑ Two Aargau municipalities will not become cities. news.ch, May 17, 2009, accessed on March 3, 2010 . 
47. ↑ Wohlens appearance. Municipality of Wohlen, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
48. ↑ Felder, Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Aargau (Volume IV), pp. 407–417.
49. ↑ Felder, Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Aargau (Volume IV), pp. 422–425.
50. ↑ Saved from demolition. Swiss Architects, June 6, 2018, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
51. ^ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, p. 496.
52. ↑ ^{a b} Felder, Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Aargau (Volume IV), pp. 427–428.
53. ↑ From the French négocier = to negotiate. In addition to the apartment of the factory owner's family, these houses also contained the company's offices and storage rooms.
54. ↑ Wohler ordered the demolition hammer. Aargauer Zeitung , July 1, 2009, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
55. ↑ Simon Glynn: Wohlen High School, Santiago Calatrava 1988. galinsky.com, 2006, accessed March 6, 2010 (English). 
56. ↑ Felder, Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Aargau (Volume IV), pp. 430–431.
57. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 319 .
58. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
59. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 338-340.
60. ↑ ^{a b} Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
61. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 10, 2018 ; accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
62. ^ Minutes of the election of 40 members of the residents' council. (PDF) Wohlen municipality, November 26, 2017, accessed November 26, 2017 . 
63. ^ Protocol on the election of the renewal. (PDF) Wohlen municipality, November 24, 2013, accessed November 30, 2016 . 
64. ↑ Development of the distribution of seats in the residents' council 1973–2009. (PDF; 34 kB) Wohlen municipality, November 29, 2009, accessed on December 18, 2009 . 
65. ↑ No gag: Peach Weber makes politics. Aargauer Zeitung , February 11, 2016, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
66. ↑ Election results of the local council / councilor / vice minister / school maintenance dated September 24, 2017. Wohlen municipality, September 24, 2017, accessed on November 26, 2017 . 
67. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 20, 2019 . 
68. ↑ Results of the National Council elections 2019 - Canton Aargau. Retrieved August 2, 2020 . 
69. ^ Federal Statistical Office : NR - Results parties (municipalities) (INT1). In: Federal Elections 2019 | opendata.swiss. August 8, 2019, accessed August 1, 2020 . 
70. ↑ Local guide Wohlen 2010, p. 34
71. ^ Christian Breitschmid: Lermoos in Tirol: Holiday paradise and partner community of Wohlen. Aargauer Zeitung , July 27, 2018, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
72. ^ Portrait of the Help-Point Sumy association on the municipality website. Community of Wohlen, 2009, archived from the original on March 22, 2012 ; Retrieved March 15, 2010 . 
73. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
74. ↑ Commuter directions Wohlen, Changes 1990–2000. (No longer available online.) Federal Statistical Office , 2003, formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 19, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
75. ↑ Dreifuss Brothers hat weave factory. In: Database Industrial Culture. Association of Aargau Museums and Collections, 2009, accessed on March 19, 2010 . 
76. ^ History of the Wohlen plant. Tyco Electronics , archived from the original on December 19, 2009 ; Retrieved March 19, 2010 . 
77. ↑ For more information on companies, see the municipality's website under Economy → Companies
78. ↑ Hagewo , accessed on March 19 of 2010.
79. ↑ Külling et al., 100 Years of Craftsmen and Trade Association Wohlen, pp. 42–43.
80. ↑ Toni Widmer: It has been an issue for decades - now the next attempt for the southern bypass will follow. Aargauer Zeitung , August 21, 2018, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
81. ↑ Wohlen: Survey on the local bus. Wohler Anzeiger, February 10, 2010.
82. ↑ IBW. Retrieved March 7, 2010 . 
83. ↑ Kuhn et al., 100 Years of Electricity and Water Supply, pp. 12–13.
84. ↑ Kuhn et al., 100 Years of Electricity and Water Supply, pp. 16–24.
85. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 622-628.
86. ↑ Kuhn et al., 100 Years of Electricity and Water Supply, pp. 36, 42.
87. ↑ Too much chlorothalonil - Wohler pumping station is temporarily closed because of poison in the drinking water. In: srf.ch . August 22, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019 . 
88. ↑ Kuhn et al., 100 Years of Electricity and Water Supply, pp. 33, 42–43.
89. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 628-629.
90. ↑ elementary school. Municipality of Wohlen, accessed on March 6, 2010 . 
91. ↑ Dubler, Siegrist, Argovia Volume 86, pp. 602-605
92. ↑ Straw Museum in the park. Aargau Tourism, accessed on May 16, 2019 . 
93. ↑ ^{a b} For more information on clubs, see the municipality's website, under the heading Leisure and Sport → Clubs
94. ↑ Clause excerpt. St. Nikolaus Wohlen, 2009, accessed on March 23, 2010 . 
95. ↑ International Whitsun Run Wohlen. Runners Wohlen, 2010, accessed March 23, 2010 . 

This article was added to the list of excellent articles on May 25, 2010 in this version .