Muri AG

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
AG is the abbreviation for the canton of Aargau in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Murif .
Muri
Muri coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Kanton AargauKanton Aargau Aargau (AG)
District : Muriw
BFS no. : 4236i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 5630
UN / LOCODE : CH MUR
Coordinates : 667 929  /  236 243 coordinates: 47 ° 16 '25 "  N , 8 ° 20' 11"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and sixty-seven thousand nine hundred twenty-nine  /  236243
Height : 478  m above sea level M.
Height range : 431–635 m above sea level M.
Area : 12.34  km²
Residents: 8135 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 659 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		21.6% (December 31, 2019)
Website: www.muri.ch
Muri-Wey with monastery

Muri-Wey with monastery
Location of the municipality
Baldeggersee Flachsee Hallwilersee Sempachersee Zugersee Zürichsee Kanton Luzern Kanton Zug Kanton Zürich Bezirk Baden Bezirk Bremgarten Bezirk Kulm Bezirk Lenzburg Abtwil AG Aristau Auw AG Beinwil (Freiamt) Besenbüren Bettwil Boswil Bünzen AG Buttwil Dietwil Geltwil Kallern Merenschwand Mühlau AG Muri AG Oberrüti Rottenschwil Sins WaltenschwilMap of Muri
About this picture
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Muri , formerly also called Muri ( Freiamt) , is a municipality in the southeast of the Swiss canton of Aargau and the capital of the Muri district . The inhabitants of the municipality in the upper Bünztal are called Murians , in contrast to the inhabitants of the municipality of the same name in the canton of Bern , who are called Muriger . Today's municipality of Muri was created in 1816 from the merger of Langdorf, Egg, Hasli and Wey. It is widely known for the Muri monastery .

geography

The community consists of three districts that have grown together over the past decades around the Muri monastery and the train station. Immediately west of the monastery is the district Wey ( 485  m above sea level ), a little more than a kilometer south of the district Langdorf (formerly also called Dorfmuri, 474  m above sea level ). To the east of the railway line is the district of Egg ( 460  m above sea level ) at a distance of half a kilometer . There are also some hamlets: Hasli ( 449  m above sea level ) is one kilometer north of the monastery, Wili ( 450  m above sea level ) one kilometer to the northwest, Langenmatt ( 570  m above sea level ) one kilometer west . The hamlet of Türmelen ( 455  m above sea level ) directly on the eastern municipal border has now merged with Egg. There are numerous individual farms scattered throughout the municipality.

Muri is located in the upper Bünztal at the foot of the Lindenberg . The slope rises evenly towards the west. Towards the south, the terrain becomes wavy and is divided by two deeply cut stream valleys. The Sörikerbach flows through Wey, the Rüeribach through Langdorf and past Egg. Both streams unite between the train station and Hasli zur Bünz. The Wagenrain hills , which form the natural transition to the Reuss valley , stretch along the eastern municipal boundary. Against Birri out the terrain drops.

The area of ​​the municipality is 1234 hectares , of which 261 hectares are forested and 272 hectares are built over. The highest point is at 635  m above sea level. M. above the ravine on the Sörikerbach, the deepest at 432  m above sea level. M. in Büelmoos on the eastern border of the municipality. Neighboring communities are Aristau in the northeast, Merenschwand in the east, Geltwil in the southwest, Buttwil in the west and Boswil in the northwest.

history

Muri, historical aerial photo from 1923, taken by Walter Mittelholzer

Various finds suggest that the Muri area was settled during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages . A burial mound dates from the Hallstatt period and was discovered in 1929 on the southern border of the municipality. From the 1st century AD, there were smaller Roman settlements that were destroyed around 260 after the Alamanni raids . They finally settled here in the 8th or 9th century and named their settlement Murahe ( loan word from the Latin murus , after the numerous Roman walls that they found). This oldest mention comes from the year 893 and can be found in an interest toboggan in the Fraumünster in Zurich .

The history of Muri is closely linked to that of the Benedictine abbey . Count Radbot von Habsburg and his wife Ita von Lorraine founded the Muri monastery in 1027 . With the backing of the Habsburgs , the monastery became more and more powerful over time, acquired large land holdings in the central plateau and rose to become an important spiritual and cultural center. In the 12th century, today's municipality was divided into the vicus superior (Dorfmuri, today Langdorf) and the vicus inferior , which included the monastery domain. From 1082 at the latest, other settlements and individual farms emerged from parts of the domain . Egg, Hasli and Wey developed into independent communities over the course of time.

The parish included not only today's Muri, but also Aristau , Buttwil and Geltwil . The lower court of the monastery also included parts of Beinwil (Freiamt) and Besenbüren . The rulership and high jurisdiction lay with the Habsburgs. In 1415 the Swiss conquered Aargau and the Habsburg Bailiwick of Muri became part of the common rule of the Free Offices . A large minority of the population of the Muri office converted to the Reformation in 1529 , but was re-Catholicized in 1531 after the Second Kappel War . The monastery then gained more and more importance and in 1701 rose to the rank of prince abbey ; for many years it was considered the richest monastery in Switzerland.

View of Muri-Langdorf, in the background Albis and Üetliberg

In March 1798, the French invaded Switzerland and proclaimed the Helvetic Republic . Dorfmuri became the administrative seat of the Muri district in the canton of Baden . After the canton of Aargau was founded in 1803, Egg, Hasli, Wey and Langdorf (which had given up its old name Dorfmuri in the meantime) as well as Aristau, Buttwil and Geltwil formed a district, a very loose community. Today's Muri municipality was established in 1816 after the district municipality was dissolved and Egg, Hasli, Langdorf and Wey merged. The trigger was the bankruptcy of the Hasli community.

At the beginning of January 1841, religiously motivated unrest broke out in Freiamt , which was directed against the cantonal government. The conflict, which was brought under control after a few days, served the canton on January 13 as a pretext for the immediate abolition of the monastery. The last monks left Muri on January 27th and moved to South Tyrol, where they founded the Muri-Gries Abbey in Bolzano . The abolition of the monastery, one of the causes of the Aargau monastery dispute, caught the community unprepared, as they now had to take on tasks that the monastery had previously done, such as education. The buildings then served various purposes. On August 21, 1889, part of the monastery complex burned down, the complete restoration of the east wing could not be completed until 1989. Since 1960 a small group of monks has been living in a wing of the monastery again. The district and municipal administration as well as some classrooms are now housed in the remaining rooms.

The community was connected to the railway network on June 1, 1875 with the opening of the Wohlen –Muri section of the Aargau Southern Railway . The continuation to Rotkreuz (with a connection to the Gotthard Railway ) was delayed for financial reasons and only took place on December 1, 1881. The project of a narrow-gauge railway via Merenschwand to Affoltern am Albis failed several times. For a time tourism also had a certain importance: from 1868 to 1917 there was a spa and bathing establishment that also bottled and sold mineral water . Today the institution would not meet the strict guidelines of a thermal bath .

The industry held at the beginning of the 19th century collection, it represented nothing more for the time being to branches of the straw industry in Wohlen and the silk industry in Knonaueramt . Bricks and bricks were produced in Muri from 1898 to 1969; a tractor factory that produced the "Murianer" only lasted from 1935 to 1941. In the mid-1950s, an extensive industrial zone was created along the railway line.

Attractions

Muri monastery

Inside Muri Monastery Church
Muri monastery with its church

The dominant landmark of Muri is the Muri Monastery , an almost 1000 year old Benedictine monastery . Its centerpiece is the monastery church , the structure of which goes back to the 11th century, but for the most part dates from the late 17th century. The church, which includes elements of Romanesque , Gothic and Baroque , is richly decorated with frescoes and carvings.

In the cloister with a valuable glass painting cycle from the 16th century is the Loreto Chapel with the Habsburg crypt. The hearts of the last imperial couple of the Austrian monarchy, Emperor Karl I and Empress Zita von Bourbon-Parma, rest here . Other members of the Habsburg family are also buried here. In the monastery museum the valuable art treasures of the monastery are exhibited. There is also a permanent exhibition by the alpine painter Caspar Wolf . The monastery church has five organs and concerts are held regularly. The monastery also has monumental-looking classical buildings that are used today by the school, district authorities and a nursing home.

Other structures

The parish church of St. Goar dates from around 1030. Around 1335 the nave was lengthened and the choir widened; the foundation walls of the church tower have been preserved from this time. The tower was rebuilt in 1583. Between 1640 and 1644, the Muri monastery had the choir and the nave torn down and completely rebuilt in the baroque style. Since the church had become too small, the nave was demolished in 1935/1936 and rebuilt in a widened form, including the older parts of the building. North of the parish church is the rectory built in 1747.

Three-row coat of arms as a window picture in the old canton school in Aarau

The office building is located halfway between the parish and monastery church . It was built in 1660 on behalf of the monastery and was initially used as an inn. In 1827, the canton forced the monastery to lease the three-story building. After that it was the seat of the district authorities and the district court. Today it is used by the canton police . The Leontius Fountain is located southwest of the monastery .

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "In red, two-row, black jointed white wall with three battlements." On the community seals of 1811 and 1872, the community still had the torture column of Christ, but this symbol historically stands for the entire free offices. In 1930 the coat of arms of the former monastery was adopted, which Abbot Johannes Feierabend had introduced in 1508. The wall was initially in three rows, but since 1972 it has only had two rows, based on a representation of the abbey coat of arms from 1618. The district coat of arms, however, remained unchanged.

population

Population development from 1755 to 2010

The population developed as follows:

year 1755 1803 1850 1900 1930 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Residents 1158 1473 1966 2073 3130 3680 3957 4853 5399 6009 6545 6980

On December 31, 2019, 8,135 people lived in Muri, the proportion of foreigners was 21.6%. In the 2015 census, 51.4% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 15.2% as Reformed ; 33.4% were non-denominational or of other faiths. In the 2000 census, 86.4% stated German as their main language, 4.2% Albanian , 2.7% Italian , 2.2% Serbo-Croatian and 1.1% Portuguese .

Politics and law

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The District Court of Muri is primarily responsible for legal disputes . Muri is the seat of the Friedensrichterkreis XIII, which covers the entire district. In addition, Muri has been the seat of the public prosecutor's office for the districts of Muri and Bremgarten since 2011 .

economy

According to the company structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, there are around 5,200 jobs in Muri, 3% of them in agriculture, 31% in industry and 66% in the service sector. Practically all companies are SMEs ; there is no dominant employer. The most important branches of manufacture are metal processing, chemistry, plastics processing, production of fruit juices as well as the production of apparatus, precision tools and electronic devices.

About two kilometers north of the village is the Murimoos estate, which is operated in accordance with the guidelines for organic farming and animal welfare. It offers living space and employment opportunities for around 90 men in need of care who are mentally, physically or socially disadvantaged; the manor also serves as a meeting place. The district hospital for the Freiamt is located in Muri. This regional hospital is responsible for the entire Freiamt region and thus covers a catchment area of ​​over 100,000 inhabitants.

traffic

The busy main road 25 between Lenzburg and Zug runs east of the centers of Wey and Langdorf and has a winding route, especially in the southern section. Another main road branches off to the east, which leads via Egg to Affoltern am Albis . Side roads lead via Langenmatt to Buttwil or Geltwil and via Hasli to Althäuser .

Muri is located on the Aargau Southern Railway of the SBB from Aarau to Rotkreuz . Postbus lines lead from the train station to Affoltern am Albis, Beinwil (Freiamt) , Geltwil , Wohlen and Zurich-Wiedikon . On weekends there is a night bus from Zug via Sins and Muri to Mühlau .

education

There are five school centers in Muri (Bachmatten, Badweiher, Kloster, Rösslimatt and Im Roos). The agricultural school was located in the latter from 1956 to 2002. The most important school center is the Bachmattenschulhaus with a district school , secondary school and junior high school . Some primary school classes are housed in a wing of the monastery. The closest grammar school is the Cantonal School in Wohlen .

Personalities

literature

  • Fridolin Kurmann: Muri (AG). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Georg Germann : The art monuments of the canton Aargau . Ed .: Society for Swiss Art History . Volume V: The Muri District. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1967, DNB  457321970 .
  • Jean-Jacques Siegrist : Muri in the free offices . tape 1 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1989, ISBN 3-7941-2441-3 .
    Single print of the article by Jean-Jacques Siegrist published in Argovia, No. 95 in 1983 : Muri in the Free Offices. Volume 1: History of the area of ​​the future Muri municipality before 1798.
  • Hugo Müller: Muri in the free offices . tape 2 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1989, ISBN 3-7941-3124-X .
    Single print of the article by Hugo Müller, published in Argovia, No. 101 in 1989 : Muri in the Free Offices. Volume 2: History of the community of Muri after 1798.

Web links

Commons : Muri  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b National map of Switzerland, sheet 1110, Swisstopo.
  4. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on May 10, 2019 .
  5. ^ Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 296-298 .
  6. ^ A b c d Germann: The art monuments of the canton Aargau, Volume V: District Muri.
  7. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 225 .
  8. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on May 8, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on May 10, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 10, 2018 ; accessed on May 8, 2019 .
  11. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 20, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Muri-Bremgarten public prosecutor's office. Department of Economics and Home Affairs of the Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 20, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on May 8, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Murimoos estate