Unterlunkhofen

Unterlunkhofen
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Aargau (AG)
District :	Bremgarten
BFS no. :	4079
Postal code :	8918
Coordinates :	671 256  /  241595 coordinates: 47 ° 19 '17 "  N , 8 ° 22' 52"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred seventy-one thousand two hundred and fifty-six  /  241595
Height :	400  m above sea level M.
Height range :	377-595 m above sea level M.
Area :	4.49  km²
Residents:	1470 (December 31, 2019)
Population density :	327 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship )	12.7% (December 31, 2019)
Website:	www.unterlunkhofen.ch
Village center of Unterlunkhofen
Location of the municipality

Unterlunkhofen ( Swiss German : ˈundərluŋkˌχɔfə ) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Bremgarten district and is located in the Reuss Valley .

geography

Aerial view Unterlunkhofen, in the background Rottenschwil

The elongated municipal area lies between the Reuss (which flows here in a north-westerly direction) and the south-western slope of the Holzbirrliberg . The village center is almost on the southern border, about half a kilometer north of the hamlet Huserhof ( 425  m above sea level ). About one and a half kilometers northwest is the hamlet of Geisshof ( 381  m above sea level ), the hamlet of Berghof ( 518  m above sea level ) one kilometer to the east and the hamlet of Erlihof ( 493  m above sea level ) around 1.2 kilometers south-east . The Reuss, which forms the western boundary of the municipality, is almost stagnant in this area, as it is dammed further north at the Bremgarten-Zufikon power station . The Arnerbach and the Ziegelbach flow into it . In the area of ​​Unterlunkhofen is the one kilometer long and up to 300 meter wide Flachsee . It was created artificially in the 1970s, is an ideal habitat for endangered bird and amphibian species and is under nature protection . Belts of reeds and swamps stretch around the lake, which has five islands .

The area of ​​the municipality is 449 hectares , of which 118 hectares are covered with forest and 45 hectares are built over. The highest point is at 582  m above sea level. M. in the Bärhau area northeast of the village, the deepest at 380  m above sea level. M. on the Reuss. Neighboring communities are Oberwil-Lieli in the north, Arni in the east, Oberlunkhofen in the south, Rottenschwil in the west and Bremgarten and Zufikon in the northwest.

history

The area around the hamlet of Geisshof was settled as early as the Neolithic Age. In Bärhau, a piece of forest around one and a half kilometers east of the village, is the largest cemetery of the early Iron Age discovered in Switzerland . The necropolis , which dates from the Hallstatt period (approx. 7th century BC), comprises 63 burial mounds . These were researched more closely at the end of the 19th century, and various grave goods were found . The largest hill, on which three menhirs stand, is around four meters high and 30 meters in diameter.

Celtic grave No. 38 in Bärhau

In the Lunkhoferacker area, a farmer found two well-preserved Roman mosaic floors in 1890 . With financial support from the cantonal government, they were examined and lifted. With the exception of individual exploratory boreholes, the remaining parts of the estate have not yet been examined. The mosaics represent marine animals and square patterns, they are exhibited today in the Historical Museum in the Landvogteischloss Baden .

Lunchunft was first mentioned in a document in 853 (a copy from the 11th century has been passed down). At that time, a priest donated his court to the newly founded St. Leodegar Monastery in Lucerne . Later the Oberlunkhofen , Unterlunkhofen, Jonen and Arni-Islisberg comprehensive Kelnhof belonged to the Murbach monastery in Alsace . A now outdated theory assumed that the place name came from a Gallo-Roman Lundacumbeta , a "high valley on the Lunda" ( Lunda could have been a name form used in antiquity for the Reuss ). Was it a sound shift by Old High German Lundgumwt and Middle High German Lunchhof emerged ( "at the courts at the Lunda"). A new interpretation comes from a Latin Longus campus or Romanesque Longo Campo ( "long field") from which about the Old High German form Lungochampfo to also Old High German Lungchumpft changed (by syllable shrinkage, by-syllable approximation, scion According t the end of a word analogous to the place name Küsnach - t or Biberis -t ). The ending -chunft or -kunft of the first written evidence began to give way to a plausible sounding -hofen at the end of the 13th century .

In 1291 Rudolf I bought the Kelnhof, and the city of Lucerne and 15 other villages came into the possession of the Habsburgs for 2000 silver marks . This transaction was one of the reasons that the three original cantons founded the Swiss Confederation . After the Kelnhof initially belonged to the Freiamt Affoltern from an administrative point of view , twenty years later it formed its own office, the so-called Kelleramt . In 1415 the city of Zurich conquered the cellar office and took over the blood judiciary from the Habsburgs . The lower jurisdiction had been in the possession of the city of Bremgarten since 1410 , which in 1482 also extended its sphere of influence to the Huserhof. In 1529 the population of Oberlunkhofen was reformed , but had to convert to Catholicism again in 1531 after the Second Kappel War . A schoolmaster is documented for the first time in 1673, who presumably taught the entire cellar office; By 1798 at the latest, Unterlunkhofen had its own school.

On the night of March 27-28, 1792, a major fire destroyed large parts of the village. 36 households with 229 people lost their belongings, only four houses were spared. In 1797, a year before the old rule structure collapsed, Bremgarten sold its rights to the village communities. After the conquest of Switzerland by the French and the proclamation of the Helvetic Republic in March 1798, the cellar office was dissolved and the four municipalities of Ober- and Unterlunkhofen, Jonen and Arni-Islisberg were created. These initially belonged to the short-lived Canton of Baden and in 1803 came to the Canton of Aargau; however, the residents initially preferred a connection to Zug or Zurich . Since 1823, the former include plug courtyards Huserhof and Geisshof to the municipality Unterlunkhofen. Unterlunkhofen remained a modest farming village well into the 20th century. Until 1980 the population stagnated at just under 400. Then, however, due to the proximity to the city of Zurich, brisk construction activity began and the number of inhabitants increased three and a half times over four decades.

Attractions

Flachsee between Unterlunkhofen and Rottenschwil

See also : List of cultural assets in Unterlunkhofen

coat of arms

The blazon reads: "Divided five times by white and blue, covered by a red pole." The coat of arms goes back to the seal of the nobleman Hugo von Lunkhofen, which dates from 1255 and has been run by the community since 1929. It symbolically represents the main street (red) and the three brooks (blue) Schwarzbächli, Arnibach and Wydenbächli that cross the residential area. The Zurich village of Zwillikon also bears the coat of arms of the Lords of Lunkhofen, with the difference that the shield is divided in white and black. The coat of arms can also be found in the knight's hall of the house "zum Loch" in Zurich.

population

The population developed as follows:

year	1850	1900	1930	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
Residents	442	364	345	379	368	371	400	761	1227	1289

On December 31, 2019, 1470 people lived in Unterlunkhofen, the proportion of foreigners was 12.7%. In the 2015 census, 44.2% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 24.1% as Reformed ; 31.7% were non-denominational or of other faiths. 94.6% said German as their main language in the 2000 census and 1.0% each Italian and English .

Politics and law

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The Bremgarten District Court is primarily responsible for legal disputes . Unterlunkhofen belongs to the Friedensrichterkreis VII (Bremgarten).

economy

According to the corporate structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, Unterlunkhofen has around 280 jobs, 17% of them in agriculture, 39% in industry and 44% in the service sector. Many workers are commuters and work either in the Bremgarten region or in the agglomerations of Zurich and Zug .

traffic

Unterlunkhofen is located on Kantonsstrasse 262 between Bremgarten and Affoltern am Albis , a bridge leads over the Reuss to Rottenschwil . In 2008, the A4 motorway was opened by Affoltern am Albis and Birmensdorf , which improved the transport connections to the greater Zug and Lucerne area. Two post bus lines run through the village , from Bremgarten to Jonen and from Muri to Zurich ( Wiedikon train station ).

education

The community has a kindergarten and a school house where primary school is taught. The secondary school and the Realschule can be attended in Jonen , the district school in Bremgarten. The closest grammar school is the Cantonal School in Wohlen .

literature

• Geneviève Lüscher , Anton Wohler: Unterlunkhofen. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Peter Felder: The art monuments of the canton of Aargau . Ed .: Society for Swiss Art History . Volume IV: Bremgarten district. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1967, ISBN 3-906131-07-6 .

Web links

Commons : Unterlunkhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the community of Unterlunkhofen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Andres Kristol: Unterlunkhofen In: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss municipality names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG). Center de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 .
4. ^ National map of Switzerland, sheets 1090 and 1110, Swisstopo.
5. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on May 15, 2019 . 
6. ^ Christian Holliger: A Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement in Unterlunkhofen / Geisshof. In: Archeology of Switzerland, Volume 3, 1980, Issue 1, pp. 4–7.
7. ^ The grave mounds of Unterlunkhofen-Bärhau. (PDF) Cantonal Archeology Aargau , accessed on January 18, 2010 . 
8. ^ Martin Hartmann, Hans Weber: The Romans in Aargau . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1985, ISBN 3-7941-2539-8 , p. 202-204 .
9. ^ Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 441-444 .
10. ↑ Andres Kristol: Unterlunkhofen In: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss municipality names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG). Center de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 .
11. ^ Daniel Gut: Longus Campus and the Romania Submersa in the Reuss Valley . In: Contributions to Name Research NF 47 . 2012, p. 163-189 .
12. ↑ The Swiss genealogical-heraldic web catalog: Familienwappen Lunkhofen (von, Rittergeschlecht) ( Memento from July 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
13. ↑ File: Zurich - Grossmünster - Haus zum Loch IMG 1287.jpg
14. ↑ Series of publications by the Swiss Coats of Arms and Flags Foundation - Zurich village arms. Issue 10, Joseph Melchior Galliker, Hans Rüegg: Swiss coats of arms and flags. Volume 10: Zurich village coat of arms (1st part) . Swiss Coat of Arms and Flags Foundation, Zug 2007, ISBN 3-908063-10-8 , p. 96 .
15. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on May 15, 2019 . 
16. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on May 15, 2019 . 
17. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 10, 2018 ; accessed on May 15, 2019 . 
18. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 20, 2019 . 
19. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on May 15, 2019 .