Bürgerwiese (street)

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Bürgerwiese
coat of arms
Street in Dresden
Bürgerwiese
Bürgerwiese with side streets, 1917
Basic data
place Dresden
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , motor traffic public transport
Road design Trees

The Bürgerwiese is a street in Dresden, southeast of the old town in the eastern Seevorstadt .

history

→ For the history of the garden, see: Bürgerwiese

A civic meadow as a fenced, later walled cattle pasture was first mentioned in documents as early as 1469. While the path on the western, out of town, on the right-hand side has been known as "Halbe Gasse" since 1681, the path leading to the Dohnaischer Schlag on its left was called "Dohnaische Gasse".

Since the beginning of the 19th century, what had been rural and suburban development along the Bürgerwiese was replaced by upper-class residential buildings. For example, the French professor at the Dresden cadet school, Frédéric de Villers, began construction on the grounds of the Palais Moszinska gardens, which are adjacent to the Bürgerwiese at the height of the Dohnaische Schlag . He also sold plots of his huge property and is considered to be one of the triggers of the building boom in what will later be the English Quarter south of the Bürgerwiese. Several representative residential buildings were built along the Bürgerwiese around 1840, such as the de Villers apartment building and the Seebach House, which was also built on the edge of the former palace garden . In addition, members of the government and prominent members of the nobility, such as Princess Pückler, lived here in the corner house on Lüttichaustrasse .

With the increasing number of wealthy residents, the need for an appropriate design of the facility arose. In 1838, the Dresden city council decided to fill the lower inner Bürgerwiese with building rubble and to convert it into a public park according to plans by the Pillnitz court gardener Carl Adolph Terscheck . The design of the Innere Bürgerwiese up to the Dohnaischer Schlag was finished in 1850. During this time, was created by filling the Jüdenteichs also Georgsplatz at the northern end of the street.

Due to changes in Dresden house numbers and street names, some of the buildings located on it can be found in different places in the various editions of the Dresden address books. The Half alley on the south side of Dresdner Bürgerwiese and Dohna'sche alley (so named in 1850) on its north side years 1860s were in to the address on the Bürgerwiese summarized. In the address book from 1866, for example, the house appears with the cadastral number 275 and the tax number 6900 with the new address Bürgerwiese 17 . Later, the numbering system in Dresden was changed to the orientation numbering that is still common today (as opposed to the horseshoe numbering used up until then ). As a result, the houses on the former Halben Gasse were given the even house numbers, those on Dohnaische Gasse the odd house numbers. For example, the house at An der Bürgerwiese 17 has now become Bürgerwiese 18 .

The street is the continuation of Waisenhausstraße and flows into Parkstraße, which runs along the part of the Bürgerwiese outside the Dohnaischer Schlage.

Historical development until 1945

Palais Kaskel-Oppenheim, Bürgerwiese 5–7
Residential building “Dianabad”, Bürgerwiese 22

As already described, the numbering of the houses on the Bürgerwiese changed several times. In the following, the houses are listed with their addresses most frequently mentioned in the literature, but some of them relate to different sections of street history. The Seebachsche Haus, known as Bürgerwiese 14, and the tenement house Bürgerwiese 20 were in the same place one after the other. If necessary, this problem is addressed in the articles on buildings.

All of the buildings mentioned below were destroyed in the air raids on Dresden in February 1945 .

  • No. 17 ( tenement house Bürgerwiese 17 ): The stately tenement house on the corner of Lüttichaustraße, built by H. Lehmann from 1846 to 1847, was destroyed in 1945. The palatial building was considered to be one of the first tenement houses in Dresden and was captured on a colored lithograph by Carl Wilhelm Arldt around 1860.
  • No. 20 ( tenement house Bürgerwiese 20 ): The building was built in 1900 by Felix Reinhold Voretzsch with an expensive facade. The cost was 320,000 marks. At the ground floor level , atlases designed in the classic Dresden baroque and rococo styles supported an oriel decorated with rich art nouveau-style architectural sculpture. According to a contemporary description, the house showed "a completely modern feature in the composition of the facade, which is just as decidedly revealed in most of the plastic ornamentation [e]"
  • No. 22 ( tenement house Bürgerwiese 22 , "Dianabad"): The building was executed by Felix Reinhold Voretzsch in 1900 as a luxurious residential building and destroyed in 1945 by the effects of the war. The facade, consisting of a mixture of Neo-Baroque and Art Nouveau, showed a high level of design effort, which resulted in particularly high construction costs.

Historical development of the side streets until 1945

Parkstrasse

Dresden Villa Parkstrasse 2
Palais Parkstrasse 7, Dresden
Villa Beuststrasse 1
Villa Häbler Beuststrasse 2

The Parkstraße runs along the part of the Bürgerwiese outside the Dohnaischer Schlage. The border of the name change in the same street is slightly to the west of the intersection of Parkstraße with Blüher- and Gret-Palucca-Straße (historically, for practical reasons, the former confluence of Beuststraße was placed in this street, whereby the (southeast) corner property Beust- / Parkstraße belonged to Beuststraße). Since Parkstraße was only built on on one side, the house numbers were assigned consecutively.

  • No. 3 ( Villa Parkstraße 3 ): The villa was built by Hermann Nicolai from 1867 to 1868 and destroyed in 1945. The “balanced” composition of the house as a whole is remarkable. The lack of decoration of the building is "educational" and can "hardly be surpassed". The windows showed only “simply profiled” window frames and above the windows only a simple, straight roofing without decoration was attached. Today, in its place is an "unusual four-story new building" built in 1994/1996 by the professional association for health and welfare services (BGW), which was awarded the Erlwein Prize for Architecture by the City of Dresden in 1998.
  • No. 4 ( Villa Pilz ): The building was built by Bernhard Schreiber between 1868 and 1869 , but was destroyed in 1945. The building cited the Villa Rosa von Semper , whereby the elevation scheme was characterized by the French country house building. In the case of a facade with five window axes, a centrally mounted risalit took up three window axes. Its wall surface was adorned by an arrangement of pilasters that emphasized the vertical, and an attic crowned it. The children's and youth sports school "Artur Becker" , founded in 1954, moved into a new building there in 1969.
  • No. 9 ( Villa Parkstraße 9 ): The building was built by Alfred Hauschild from 1866 to 1868 , but was destroyed in 1945. The villa was an example of buildings that quote Palladio. In the case of a facade with 5 window axes, three window axes were combined by a rear layer, which opened up over both floors to a loggia. The remaining window axes, to the right and left of the two-story loggia, were designed as side projections with bay windows on the ground floor level.

Beuststrasse

Beuststrasse was a side street from Parkstrasse.

  • No. 1 ( Villa Johann Meyer ): The building was built in 1867–1869 by Hermann Nicolai for the merchant Johann Meyer in the style of the Italian Renaissance. The floor plan and the complex mass structure of the building go back to plans by the “Russian architect” Harald Julius Bosse .
  • No. 2 ( Villa Häbler ): The villa was built by Karl Eberhard for the banker Häbler in 1866–1867 and destroyed in 1945. It was a "strictly renaissance building of the Dresden School". Another characteristic of Villa Häbler was the arrangement of the main rooms around a central area.

Goethestrasse / Gret-Palucca-Strasse

The former Goethestrasse and today's Gret-Palucca-Strasse is a side street of Parkstrasse.

  • No. 1 ( Villa Goethestrasse 1 ): The building was built by Karl Eberhard from 1869 to 1870 as a "characteristic building of the Dresden School", but was destroyed in 1945.
  • No. 5 (Villa): The villa was built by Otto Grahl in 1862 and destroyed in 1945. Today, on the site of the former Goethestrasse 5 (today Gret-Palucca-Strasse 3), the building of the Seevorstadt-Ost crèche is located , which has been a listed building since 2004. The building complex was built from 1963 to 1965 according to designs by the architects Helmut Trau among and the collective. The buildings were designed in brick construction with prestressed concrete ceilings. The open spaces were designed by W. Bauch. H. Heinze and H. Schulze designed the wall surfaces with polished clinker bricks.
  • No. 6 ( Villa Goethestrasse 6 ): The building was built by Karl Eberhard from 1869 to 1870 , but was destroyed in 1945. The villa in the English Quarter was characterized by an "elegant, simple facade based on the pattern of Italian early Renaissance palaces" and was built based on the model of the city palace at Bürgerwiese 5, 6 and 7, whereby the simplicity of the facade was a "means of distance" had been used. While the flat gable roofing on the ground floor had empty tympana, the windows on the first floor as window roofing showed flat arches with richly decorated tympana. So there were circular medallions with scrollwork cartouches, flanked by foliage.
  • No. 12 (villa): The villa was built by August Pieper from 1869 to 1870 , but was destroyed in 1945.

Lindengasse

Lindengasse 2-6

Lindengasse was laid out around 1850 on the grounds of Palais Moszinska . When the palace was demolished in 1872, it was replaced by the intersection of Lindengasse and Moscinsky Strasse. After the turn of the century, Lindengasse was known for its Art Nouveau apartment buildings.

swell

literature

  • Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden - history of its buildings . EASeemann, Leipzig 1981, ISBN 3-363-00007-3 .
  • Matthias Lerm : Farewell to old Dresden - Loss of historical building fabric after 1945 . Forum Verlag, Leipzig 1993, ISBN 3-86151-047-2 .
  • Volker Helas : Architecture in Dresden 1800–1900 . Verlag der Kunst Dresden, Dresden 1991, ISBN 3-364-00261-4 .
  • Volker Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden . Taschen, Cologne 1999, ISBN 3-8228-6604-0 .
  • Volker Helas, Gudrun Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . KNOP Verlag, Dresden 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 .
  • Thomas Wieczorek: The villa district on the Bürgerwiese . In: Heidrun Laudel , Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries . Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, DNB 944629601 , pp. 25-36.

Web links

Commons : Bürgerwiese, Dresden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ F. Loeffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 350, 401 image no. 494
  2. ^ Heidrun Laudel : Architecture and Construction. In: Reiner Gross and Uwe John: History of the City of Dresden. Volume 2. Stuttgart 2006, p. 648. Also an illustration in the same volume, p. 649.
  3. ^ Thomas Wieczorek: The villa district on the Bürgerwiese. In: Ronald Franke, Heidrun Laudel (Ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries. Dresden 1991, p. 25f.
  4. ^ Sylvia Butenschön: History of the Dresden city green. Berlin 2007, p. 140 f.
  5. ↑ Address and business manual of the royal capital and residence city of Dresden for the year 1866. P. 84 of the house book.
  6. ↑ Compare for example the address book from 1932, p. 110 f.
  7. ↑ Bürgerwiese, Blüherpark, Güntzwiesen. aujf: dresden-und-sachsen.de
  8. ^ House book: "Dohna'sche Gasse" , in Handbuch für Dresden, Volume 1., 1850, p. 34
  9. ↑ Lerm: Farewell to the old Dresden. More about the building F. Löffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 345, 382 / 82,401, image no. 476, 493/94
  10. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 139 (Bürgerwiese 14. 1838 by Hermann) / V. Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 52 (Woldemar Hermann, Bürgerwiese 14, 1838).
  11. ^ F. Löffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 385, p. 406, image no. 502
  12. ^ F. Löffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 485 ( Bürgerwiese […] No. 17, corner of Lüttichaustraße […] H. Lehmann, 1846/47, destroyed in 1945 […] p. 385, 401. image no. 494) / V. Helas, G. Peltz : Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 140 [Bürgerwiese 17 / Lüttichaustraße (Hans-Dankner-Straße). 1846/47 by Lehmann]
  13. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 140 (Bürgerwiese 18a. 1870/1872 by OJS Haenel and Adam).
  14. ^ V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 184 (Bürgerwiese 20), p. 102.
  15. ↑ The architecture of the XX. Century 1901, 1st year, 3rd issue, p. 41/42, plate 56
  16. ^ V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 75 / V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 184 [Bürgerwiese 22 (Dianabad)] / F. Löffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 485 ( Bürgerwiese […] Villersches Haus […] demolished […] for Dianabad […] p. 246)
  17. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 157 (Parkstrasse 2 / Goethestrasse. 1869 by Grahl).
  18. ^ V. Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 108 (Hermann Nicolai, Parkstrasse 3, 1867-1868).
  19. ↑ a b c V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800–1900. 1991, p. 157 (Parkstrasse 3. 1867/1868 by Nicolai)
  20. ↑ A selection of the most interesting examples of modern architecture in the Saxon state capital. ( Memento from February 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ Dieter Schempp, Reiner Blunck, LOG ID: LOG ID: BGW Dresden. (= Opus, No. 30.) Edition Axel Menges , Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-930698-30-7 .
  22. ^ District administration of the employers' liability insurance association (BGW). In: arch INFORM ; accessed on January 2, 2010. / Lupfer et al., No. 82 (Professional Association for Health Services and Welfare)
  23. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 157 (Parkstrasse 4. 1868/69 by Schreiber) / V. Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 108 (Bernhard Schreiber, Parkstrasse 4, 1868–1869).
  24. ↑ Helas, p. 157 [Palais Kap-herr. 1872/1874 by Schreiber] and F. Löffler: The old Dresden - history of its buildings. 1981, p. 385, p. 406, p. 408, p. 496, image no. 503 (Palais Kap-herr, Parkstrasse 7, B.Schreiber, 1872 to 1874, burnt out in 1945, demolished in 1957)
  25. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 158 (Parkstrasse 9. 1866/68 von Hauschild).
  26. ↑ Volker Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800–1900. 1991, p. 137
  27. ↑ Christian Ruf: Not the courier, but the architect of the tsar. In: Dresdner Latest News , No. 253 of October 29, 2012, p. 16 ( PDF; 225 KB )
  28. ↑ Volker Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800–1900. 1991, p. 138
    Volker Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 102
  29. ↑ Wieczorek, p. 30.
  30. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 144 (Goethestrasse 1 / Parkstrasse. 1869/70 by Eberhard).
  31. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 195 (Grahl, Otto Gustav)
  32. ^ Dresden and its architects - currents and tendencies 1900–1970: Post-war modernity. ( Memento of October 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 623 kB)
  33. ↑ May et al., No. 60 (Seevorstadt Ost nursery, Goethestrasse 5.)
  34. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 144 (Goethestrasse 1 / Parkstrasse. 1869/70 by Eberhard) / V. Helas: Villa architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 109 (Karl Eberhard, Goethestraße 6, 1869-1870).
  35. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 198 (Pieper, August)
  36. ^ V. Helas: Architecture in Dresden 1800-1900. 1991, p. 144 (Goethestrasse 13. 1869/70 by Pieper).
  37. ↑ see e.g. B. the map from 1849 printed by Fritz Löffler.
  38. ^ V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 76, 193 (Lindengasse 4) image no. 105 / Hugo Licht (City Planning Director of Leipzig): The architecture of the XX. Century 1903/4, III. Tape. Delivery 2. 3. Plate 57
  39. ^ V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 77, 193 (Lindengasse 6) image no. 107 / Hugo Licht (City Planning Director of Leipzig): The architecture of the XX. Century 1903/4, III. Tape. Delivery 2. 3. Plate 81
  40. ^ V. Helas, G. Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden. 1999, p. 76, 193 (Lindengasse 14) image no. 108 / Hugo Licht (City Planning Director of Leipzig): The architecture of the XX. Century 1903/4, III. Tape. Delivery 2. 3. Plate 57. Delivery 4/5. Panel 80; AJh 1903. 3rd vol., 4th edition, pp. 62-63. Plate 98.

Coordinates: 51 ° 2 '36.45 "  N , 13 ° 44' 29.53"  O