Pettau (noble family)
Pettau (also Lords of Pettau, Pettauer, Gospodje Ptujski, Lords of Ptuj ) is the name of a noble family in Lower Styria , which was first mentioned in 1132 as a respected and wealthy Salzburg ministerial family and became extinct in 1438. The Pettauer were also hereditary marshals of the Duchy of Styria .
history
In battles against the Hungarians , the Pettauer were able to make their first contribution. It is certain that King Geisa of Hungary brought an action against the Archbishop of Salzburg in 1161 because of a border violation on the part of Frederick II of Pettau.
Around 1190, a branch of the Pettauer succeeded in acquiring the Gurk fief in Königsberg / Kunšperk . Another branch was also able to establish itself in the castles Hörberg Podsreda ( Kozje ) and Montpreis / Planina , formerly Gurker fiefdom, acquired by the Lords of Montpreis.
Around 1200 Friedrich III. Wrestle the Friedau / Ormož (with Polstrau / Središče ob Dravi ) areas from Pettau from the Hungarians (battle on the Pettau field on Easter Sunday 1199). The border hat at the newly founded place Großsonntag / Velika Nedelja was given to the Teutonic Knight Order . It was only through these successful military actions that the border from Polstrau to Luttenberg / Ljutomer , which existed until 1919, was fixed.
In the 13th century the Pettauer also acquired the Hungarian fiefdom of Ankenstein / Borl , which the Treuner (Lords of Dranneck) had wrested from the Hungarians.
Around 1230 Mathilde, the widow of Frederick III, founded the Dominican monastery in Pettau, which was settled from Friesach (dissolved in 1786/87).
In 1237 we find Friedrich and Hartnid von Pettau among the witnesses of a document from Emperor Friedrich II , in which he confirms privileges for the Teutonic Order.
interregnum
After the Babenbergs died out in Styria (1246), some Pettauers, including Friedrich V , were followers of Duke Heinrich of Lower Bavaria and subsequently King Bélas IV of Hungary , others in turn of the Bohemian Przemysl Ottokar .
Hungary
From 1254 ( Peace of Oven ) the Hungarians were rulers of Styria. But because they were soon hated, their governor Stephan Subič was attacked by Hartnid II von Pettau with a Drautaler contingent during his siege of the castle of Seifried von Mahrenberg in 1258 and chased out of the country. In the same year, the Hungarian archbishop Ulrich pledged the town and rule of Pettau to Béla, whose son Stephan V resided there for a while. The castle had been administered by Teutonic Knights since 1254 and King Ottokar II , Lord of Styria from 1260, also awarded the two Pettau castles and the city to the Teutonic Order. In 1259, the Styrian nobility were fed up with Hungarian rule and, with the secret help of King Ottokar, drove the Hungarians out of Pettau. After his victory in the Battle of Kressenbrunn in 1260, Ottokar became Prince of Styria.
Bohemia
Around 1260, Friedrich V von Pettau was able to win the castle and lordship of Ehrenhausen as a St. Paul fief, in 1360 the fief fell back and came back to the Pettau in 1365.
In 1268 Friedrich was involved in an alleged aristocratic conspiracy (see also: Heinrich von Pfannberg ) against King Ottokar and had to cede his castles Wurmberg and Schwanberg ; Wurmberg was destroyed.
In 1270 Frederick, along with other Styrian nobles, had to be part of King Ottokar's army when he took possession of Carniola and Carinthia.
Habsburg
From 1276 (see Reiner Oath ) the Pettau people played a decisive role on the part of the new King Rudolf in the expulsion and final defeat of the unloved Bohemian King in 1278 ( Battle of the Marchfeld ).
In 1279 Friedrich von Pettau appears as a witness in a royal document in which Count Ulrich von Heunburg and his wife Agnes waived a number of claims in favor of King Rudolf.
As the new Styrian sovereign prince, the Habsburg raised his follower from Pettau to Styrian governor (?), Pledged the rule of Pettau to him and also allowed him to build Friedau Castle on the Hungarian border (although it remained a Salzburg fief!). Salzburg opposed this increase in power, so that in 1280 the Pettau residents had to renounce city and castle, city and regional court, the bailiwick over the Salzburg possessions in Styria and all other rights of rule. In return, they received the hereditary burgrave office and the castle hat over the two Pettau castles, the city, the toll and the customs.
The Pettauers continued to demand compensation for the pledge granted to the king, which led to Salzburg depriving them of their burgrave office and fiefdom in 1285. The feud that had now broken out ended in favor of Salzburg.
Now they have acquired several fiefs from the Gurk diocese (Lemberg / Leonberg , Neuhaus / Dobrna , Rabensberg / Ranšperk ), from St. Paul ( Spielfeld ) and from the Duke (Treun / Dranneck ).
In 1293 the family property was divided by the sons of Frederick V and two lines were created, Wurmberg and Friedau.
Wurmberg and Friedau
In 1309 a protracted dispute between Hartnid and Amelrich von Pettau and Salzburg was decided, after which they had to sell their houses in the city; In addition, there were border disputes at Schwanberg and in Sausal .
In the same year there was an uprising of the Austrian nobility and the Viennese citizens against Duke Friedrich the Fair . Styrian governor Ulrich I. von Walsee was able to nip this in the bud with the help of the Pettau and other Styrian and Carinthian nobles.
The Friedau-Pettauer acquired the Styrian hereditary marshal's office in 1325 , with which Frauheim / Fram and extensive possessions in the Sölktal were connected, and in this respect they inherited the Wildonians . As marshals, they had to lead the Styrian state contingent in the event of war.
Herdegen I. was one of the most powerful aristocrats in the 1330s and was also governor of Carniola in 1350/51 . During this time, however, the Pettauers lost their dominions of Heggenberg / Hekenberg , Wöllan / Velenje and Katzenstein / Kacenštajn in the upper Sanntal to the Sanneckers , the later Counts of Cilli , as they no longer wanted to tolerate the Pettau enclaves in their area. On the other hand, they were able to acquire Gurkfeld / Krško , Liebegg / Lebek , Erkenstein / Erkenštajn , Maidburg / Majdburg and Lichtenegg / Lihtenek as well as Carinthian properties.
In 1328 Herdegen and Amalrich von Pettau appear as witnesses in a document from Duke Frederick the Fair.
In 1331 Herdegen, Marshal in Styria, proved himself as a member of a court of arbitration in the inheritance dispute between Friedrich von Sanneck and Konrad von Auffenstein over the city of Cilli after the Count of Heunburg had died out in 1322.
In 1345 we find Duke Albrecht's arbitration in the dispute over Rudenegg between Ulrich II. Von Walsee , Bishop Ulrich von Gurk , the Pfannbergers , Cilliern, Ortenburgers and Montpreises on the one hand and the Herdegen and Friedrich von Pettau brothers on the other.
In 1351 Friedrich von Walsee made an arbitration decision in the Katzenstein dispute between Count Friedrich von Cilli and Herdegen von Pettau.
By inheriting the Grazer Walseer (extinct in 1363) they also acquired the lords of Haus / Hompoš and Gibl / Kebelj (pledged to Pettauer in 1362, sold to them in 1400) as well as Wartberg and Rosegg in Carinthia.
In 1365 the Habsburgs pledged Weichselburg / Višnja Gora to the Pettau people for their help against Bavaria in the fight for the Tyrolean heritage.
The Wurmberg line died out in 1382 with Hartnid IV. Her possession came to his cousin Hartnid V. von Pettau-Friedau († 1385). His son Bernhard inherited goods in (Lower) Austria and Styria from his uncle and former guardian son Ulrich IV von Walsee -Drosendorf in 1400 .
Finale
Between 1390 and 1410, Bernhard von Pettau built the Maria Neustift church on the Pettauberg / Ptujska Gora , today's basilica of the Madonna in Protection . Bernhard is immortalized on the relief relief with his wife and the greats of his time.
1436 is a confirmation document of Bishop finds Johann of Gurk over several of the Counts of Celje granted fiefs which of Hertl of Ptuj and Hartnid of Friedau at Gurk home like Rabensberg, Lviv, Neuhaus, fork /: are? GIBL and corner stone /? Erkenstein with all Affiliations.
With the death of Friedrich IX. , who was provincial governor of Styria in 1432, the Pettau residents, who found their hereditary burial in the Dominican church in Pettau, went out in 1438. They were inherited by the Schaunbergers ( Anna von Pettau was married to Count Johann von Schaunberg) and Stubenbergers ( Agnes von Pettau was married to Leutold von Stubenberg for the second time). The Styrian hereditary marshal's office fell temporarily to the Schaunberger.
In 1428 Friedrich had given his brother-in-law, Count Johann von Schaunberg, who had rendered him great and important services after the death of his father Bernhard, the burgraviate and the district court of Pettau, Kerspach, Weyzau, the tithe for the town of Pettau, including the toll, all of the fiefdoms of the Archbishopric of Salzburg. Furthermore, he had bequeathed to him the marshal's office in Styria and the Herrschaft Frauheim associated with it. In addition, in grateful recognition of the assistance received after the death of his father Bernhard, he had written him 20,000 gulden Hungarian or ducats on the forts of Rabensberg and Lemberg in the Sanntal, which came from the diocese of Gurk as fiefs; then again 25,000 Hungarian guilders on the fortress, the land register and the Schwanberg market, fiefdom of the Brixen monastery .
At the height of their power, which was formally based on their Pettau burgrave office, the Pettau people had ruled a large, rounded territory between the Mur and the Bacher Mountains and had become the supreme marshals of Styria.
genealogy
→ see: Stammliste von Pettau and Stammliste von Königsberg
Friedrich I. († 1137); ⚭ NN, sister of Gottfried von Wieting
- Frederick II († 1174); ⚭ Benedikta von Machland (urk. 1174 widow)
- Daughter; ⚭ Lantfried von Eppenstein († 1190)
- Hartnid († 1189); ⚭ NN from Wildon
- Heinrich von Pettau († 1217), provost of Maria Saal, 1214 bishop of Gurk
-
Friedrich III. († 1222); ⚭ Mechthilde / Mathilde († 1253)
- Heinrich
- Friedrich IV. († around 1246), Burgrave of Pettau-Stein; ⚭ Herrad von Montpreis
- Gerbirg; ⚭ Heinrich von Schärfenberg
- Hartnid von Pettau († 1251), 1243 Vogt von Oberburg ( Gornji Grad ); ⚭ Mathilde von Hollenburg -Wurmberg († 1265)
- Arnold, pastor of St. Georgen in 1201
- Otto I († 1241), 1217 from Königsberg / Kunšperk (Königsberg line)
- Otto II († 1259); ⚭ Richza / Richiza von Rohitsch
- Otto III. († 1284)
- Otto IV. († 1299)
- Friedrich
- Anna
- Otto III. († 1284)
- Otto II († 1259); ⚭ Richza / Richiza von Rohitsch
- Wurmberger line
Friedrich VI. († 1301), Burgrave of Pettau-Stein,
- Amelrich († 1336); ⚭ Agnes von Walsee
- Mathilde
- Agnes
- Anna
- Hertel / Hartnid IV. († 1382); ⚭ Elisabeth, daughter of Count Albrecht II of Ortenburg-Kärnten († 1336)
- Eberhard († 1381)
- Anna († 1430); ⚭ Otto von Stubenberg († 1425)
- Otto and three sisters, inheritance paid for in cash
- Friedau line
Hartnid III. († 1316); ⚭ Kunigunde from Liechtenstein-Murau
- Frederick VII
-
Herdegen I. / Herdeggen / Hardeck († 1343/1352/1353), governor of Krain (1350-1351); ⚭ 1319 Klara, daughter of Count Albert II of Gorizia († 1327)
- Flormei; ⚭ I: Eberhard VII von Walsee († 1371); ⚭ II: Heinrich von Maissau († 1360)
- Elisabeth; ⚭ Jan II of Walsee († 1370)
- Ulrich IV. Von Walsee -Drosendorf († 1400)
- Herdegen II.
- Hartnid V. († 1385); ⚭ Wilburg von Rauhenstein († 1404)
- Catherine
- Frederick VIII
- Anna († 1378/1381); ⚭ I: Count Friedrich von Stubenberg († around 1372); ⚭ II: (before 1375) Albrecht von Pottendorf († after 1394)
-
Bernhard († 1428); ⚭ Walburga, daughter of Count Hermann I von Cilli , or Willibirg von Maidburg († 1431)
- Friedrich IX. († January 6, 1438, extinction of the male line), 1432 Governor of Styria; ⚭ Beatrix, daughter of Count Friedrich I. von Helfenstein-Wiesensteig († 1348)
- Anna († 1465); ⚭ 1416 Count Johann von Schaunberg , main heir
- Agnes († 1451); ⚭ I: 1422 Count Johann Meinhard VII of Gorizia († 1430); ⚭ II: Leutold von Stubenberg
- Magdalena; ⚭ Johann von Abensberg, renunciation of inheritance against cash compensation
Followers
There are evidence of followers of the Pettau who also called themselves "von Pettau". Also:
- Gressinger
- Peßnitzer
- Further
possession
- Ankenstein / Borl (once a Hungarian fiefdom, allodized before 1300 , after 1438 to Schaunberger )
- Brunnsee (after Walseer feud 1413 to Pettauer, after 1438 to sovereigns)
- Ehrenhausen ( St. Paul fiefdom, around 1260, after 1438 to Schaunberger )
- Enzesfeld (Lower Austria, 1400 from Ulrich IV. Von Walsee to Bernhard von Pettau)
- Erkenstein / Erkenštajn ( Gurk Fief)
- Frauheim / Fram (connected with the Styrian Marshal's Office, from 1325, from Wildoni , after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Friedau / Ormož (Holermues, from 1199, Salzburg fief, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Gibl / Kebelj (from 1379, Gurker fief)
- Gleichenberg (1400 from Ulrich von Walsee-Drosendorf, after 1438 to Schaunberger, then to Reinprecht IV. Von Walsee)
- Gonobitz / Konjice (part, before 1339 by Gonobitzern to Pettauer)
- Big Sunday / Velika Nedelja
- House / Hompoš (on the Bacher Mountains , 1362 from Eberhard von Walsee -Graz to Hartnid von Pettau, after 1438 to Stubenberger )
- Heggenberg / Hekenberg (purchased 1323–1362 from Lords of Königsberg)
- Hollenburg (Rosental / Carinthia, 1246 to Pettauer)
- Hörberg / Podsreda ( Kozje )
- Katzenstein / Kacenštajn (near Schönstein / Šoštanj , urk. 1243, 1326 under Sannecker's influence)
- Kirchberg am Walde ( Grafendorf near Hartberg , before 1300 from Kranichbergern to Pettauer, after 1438 princely)
- Königsberg / Kunšperk
- Laubegg ( Ragnitz , Seckauer fiefdom, 1363 from Grazer Walseern, bequeathed by Agnes von Pettau to Prince Duke Friedrich V )
- Leibnitz (?)
- Lemberg / Leonberg / Löwenberg (north of Cilli, from 1279, Gurker fiefdom, after 1438 to Schaunberger, then Cillier)
- Lichtenegg / Lihtenek (before 1337/1354, from Treunern)
- Liebegg / Lebek
- Luttenberg / Ljutomer (Salzburg fiefdom)
- Maidburg / Majdburg (1400 from Ulrich IV. Von Walsee to Bernhard von Pettau, after 1438 to Stubenberger)
- Montpreis / Planina (1227 through marriage or 1241 through inheritance to Friedrich IV. Von Pettau, 1265 to Schärfenberger )
- Neuhaus / Dobrna (north of Cilli, from 1341, Gurker fief)
- Pabenstein / Pabštajn (?, After 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Pettau (Salzburg fiefdom, burgraviate over both castles, regional court, toll etc., after 1438 to Schaunberger for the life of Count Johann, Anna and their sons)
- Polstrau / Središče ob Dravi (Salzburg fief, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Rabensberg / Ranšperk (north of Cilli, Gurker fiefdom, after 1270 to Pettauer, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Radkersburg (sovereign fiefdom, allodized from 1300)
- Rosegg / Raseck (Carinthia, from Lords of Ras 1346 and Eberhard VIII. Of Walsee-Graz († 1363) to Hartnid von Pettau, 1441 to Schaunberger)
- Rudenegg / Rudenek (1345/1364 after feud against Cillier)
- Schönburg / Žamberk (?, To Sannecker)
- Schwanberg with Spangstein ( Brixner fief)
- Playing field (St. Paul fief, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Sölktal (by the Marshal's Office in Styria, Pettauer acquired possessions from the Wildoni here in 1325)
- Spitz (Upper and Lower) ( Deutsch Goritz , 1363 from Grazer Walseern, after 1438 to sovereigns)
- Stein ( St. Georgen im Lavanttal , 13th century)
- Tamsweg ( Lungau ) (connection with Otto von Machland's property there, sold to Salzburg in 1246)
- Treun / Drann / Dravinja (?, 1294, from Treunern)
- Wartberg (Burgstallamt in Carinthia, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Weichselburg / Višnja Gora ( Habsburg pledge 1365)
- Weinburg (fiefdom from the diocese of Seckau, from Ulrich IV. Von Walsee-Drosendorf 1400 to cousin Bernhard, after 1438 to the lords of Walsee-Enns )
- Vienna: a house on the Graben, forerunner of the Palais Corbelli-Schoeller (1400 by Ulrich IV. Von Walsee-Drosendorf, after 1438 to Schaunberger)
- Wildbach (from Wildoniern, after 1438 sovereign)
- Wöllan / Velenje (purchased 1323–1362 from the Lords of Königsberg)
- Wurmberg / Vurberk (Salzburg fiefdom, from 1246 to Hartnid IV. Von Pettau and temporarily to Erchenger von Landesere, after 1438 to Stubenberger)
A part of the Carinthian possessions comes from the wife of Friedrich II. Von Pettau, Benedikta, widow of Hartwig von Machland († 1120).
Bailiwicks
- Oberburg Abbey (until 1288, after 1328)
Since 1147, since the death of Bernhard von Trixen- Spanheim, the respective Styrian sovereign princes held the bailiwick of the Salzburg dominion in Pettau .
coat of arms
Worm (in gold a gold-crowned, entwined, black snake); Herrschaft Wurmberg : it originally belonged to the Lords of Hollenburg , who also had worms ( dragons ) in their coat of arms; after their extinction in 1246 were succeeded by Hollenburg by the Lords of Ptuj, since I of Pettau Hartnid , 1243 Vogt Oberburg († September 2, 1251), with Matilda of Hollenburg Worm Mountain (30 † October 1265), was married , and anchor (in red a fallen silver anchor without a stick; rule Ankenstein or Anchenstein near Pettau ); In the donor window in the choir of the Viktring collegiate church you can find the coat of arms with the worm in the shield and the anchor as a crest . Other depictions show the anchor in the shield and a golden winged black worm (dragon) as a crest ornament.
The lords of Pettau went out in 1438 in the male line. Owned by the rule of Pettau and the Hereditary Marshal's Office of Styria, the Schaunbergers followed , who also adopted the Pettau coat of arms in their family coat of arms , as Johann Graf von Schaunberg had married Anna von Pettau. In 1445 the Schaunbergers renounced the rule of Pettau, the property came to the Hungarians in 1479, then to the Archbishopric of Salzburg , in 1555 to the Duchy of Styria and in 1622 the rule of Pettau was sold to the Eggenbergers .
The coat of arms of those of Pettau can also be found in the multiple coat of arms of the Counts of Starhemberg .
literature
- Dušan Kos: In castle and town: Late medieval nobility in Carniola and Lower Styria (publications by the Institute for Austrian Historical Research, vol. 45), Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-486-58076-1
- Rudolf Reichel: Outline of the Styrian national history , Leuschner & Lubensky, Graz 1884
Footnotes, individual references
- ↑ Neustift ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Lantfried
- ↑ Entry on Palais Corbelli-Schoeller on Burgen-Austria
- ^ D. Schwennicke: European Family Tables, New Series, Volume XVI., Plate 20, Publisher: Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 1995, ISBN 3-465-02741-8
- ↑ a b Bernhard Peter, [The Holy Grave Chapel of Burg Freundsberg above Schwaz] , accessed on November 12, 2015
- ^ Bernhard Peter, Graz, Eggenberg Castle (2): gallery aisles , accessed on November 12, 2015
