Rosenthaler Strasse
Rosenthaler Strasse | |
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Street in Berlin | |
View from Hackescher Markt in north direction into Rosenthaler Straße. Left the Hackesche Höfe |
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Basic data | |
place | Berlin |
District | center |
Created | around 1723 |
Connecting roads |
Brunnenstrasse (north) Oranienburger Strasse / An der Spandauer Brücke (south) |
Cross streets |
Linienstraße , Auguststraße , Kleine Rosenthaler Straße , Gipsstraße , Weinmeisterstraße , Sophienstraße , Neue Schönhauser Straße |
Technical specifications | |
Street length | 510 meters |
The Rosenthalerstraße in Berlin district center of the district of the same is in the historic suburb of Spandau . From Hackescher Markt it curves north to the intersection with Torstrasse on Rosenthaler Platz , where it turns into Brunnenstrasse .
There are numerous listed buildings along the 510 meter long street . Under the northern part extending U8 of Berlin underground to Rosenthaler Platz .
course
The course from Rosenthaler Strasse / Brunnenstrasse and Badstrasse forms one of the radial arterial roads of the historic center of Berlin , some of which are already recorded in the Hobrecht plan of the 19th century.
These include - starting from the center from northwest to southeast - clockwise:
- Hackescher Markt - Oranienburger Strasse - Friedrichstrasse / Oranienburger Tor - Chausseestrasse - Müllerstrasse
- Hackescher Markt - Rosenthaler Strasse - Rosenthaler Platz - Brunnenstrasse - Badstrasse
- Alexanderplatz - Rosa-Luxemburg-Strasse - Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz - Schönhauser Allee - Berliner Strasse
- Alexanderplatz / Alexanderstraße - Karl-Liebknecht-Straße - Prenzlauer Tor - Prenzlauer Allee - Prenzlauer Promenade
- Molkenmarkt - Grunerstraße / Alexanderstraße - Otto-Braun-Straße - Greifswalder Straße - Berliner Allee
- Prenzlauer Tor - Mollstrasse - United Nations Square - Landsberger Allee
- Alexanderplatz - Karl-Marx-Allee - Strausberger Platz - Karl-Marx-Allee / Frankfurter Tor - Frankfurter Allee
- Spandauer Strasse / Molkenmarkt - Stralauer Strasse - Holzmarktstrasse - Stralauer Platz - Mühlenstrasse - Stralauer Allee
as well as west across the Spree :
- Molkenmarkt - Mühlendamm / -brücke - Gertraudenstrasse / Gertraudenbrücke - Spittelmarkt - Leipziger Strasse
- Alexanderplatz - Karl-Liebknecht-Straße - Liebknechtbrücke - Schloßplatz - Schloßbrücke - Unter den Linden
history
Origin of the road
The Rosenthaler Straße was already in place in the Middle Ages as a connection route from old Berlin to the village of Rosenthal . In 1658 part of the way into the Spandau suburb was included within the Berlin city wall and its northern end was closed with the Rosenthaler Tor. On a map from 1723 it is already indicated as Rosenthaler Straße. In 1750, on the instructions of Friedrich II, the extension of the Berlin customs wall (excise wall ) in the north to the line of today's Torstrasse , the fortress was leveled in 1751 under the direction of Hans Christoph Friedrich von Hacke . Rosenthaler Strasse now led from the newly created Hackescher Markt to Rosenthaler Tor. After the area was expanded, the gate was given a new location, roughly at today's intersection with Torstrasse. According to plans by Georg Christian Unger , a new representative solid building was built in 1788. When the excise wall was completely removed around 1867, the gate also fell victim to the demolition. At the edges of the now paved road, multi-storey houses with small shops and restaurants on the ground floor were built over several decades. A triangular green area between Rosenthaler Straße, Gormannstraße and Steinstraße is located roughly in the middle of the Rosenthaler, dividing it into a shorter northern and a longer southern area.
Development in the 19th and 20th centuries
Especially in the 19th century, municipal housing associations or private individuals built numerous rental houses along the entire length of the street. Many small commercial establishments soon revived this new residential area. At the intersection with Sophienstrasse, the Wertheim merchant family from Stralsund opened the first Berlin specialty shop for manufactured and fashion goods around 1870 . Because of the good earnings situation - also at the other sales locations - the Wertheims soon had a multi-storey department store built on this site according to plans by the architects Alfred Messel and Walter Schilbach with the help of the sculptors Johannes Schilling and Ernst Westphal . Some residential buildings were badly damaged in the battle for Berlin at the end of World War II . When the rubble was cleared from 1945 onwards, the rubble women removed the ruins, but most of the houses could be repaired.
Of the Wertheim department store, only the side wing on Sophienstrasse was preserved in its original state, the main facade on Rosenthaler Strasse was rebuilt in a greatly simplified form in 1954. The complex was used by Dewag during the GDR era . In the 1970s and 1980s, structurally adapted new buildings were added to the existing vacant lots in the northern area of Rosenthaler Straße. Shortly after the intersection with Gips- / Weinmeisterstraße, Kleine Rosenthaler Straße branches off, which was originally called Totengasse after the garrison cemetery.
In addition to the neo-baroque or art nouveau residential buildings, the facility known as the “ Rote Apotheke ” on the corner of Neue Schönhauser Strasse is noteworthy in the southern part of the street . Their interiors with paneled walls and ceiling paintings and the original Offizin installed equipment originate built from 1758 and the oldest pharmacy in Berlin at this point. The pharmacy was integrated into a five-story house built in 1886/1887. The corner house was redesigned in 1929 with rounded corners and the windows combined to form horizontal bands.
In the GDR this medical supply facility was called Berolina-Apotheke since 1954 , the initial equipment was still used and was a sight. As early as 1960, the facility was given the status of a listed building.
Nearby is the Hackesche Höfe building complex , which was built from 1905 to 1907 according to plans by the architect and building contractor Kurt Berndt as a complex complex for commercial and residential purposes. The facade facing Rosenthaler Straße has already been changed several times.
Development of the road after 1989
With the political and social changes in the GDR in 1989/1990, artists settled in the vacant commercial space or on the courtyards of the residential buildings and founded clubs like the bucket or cultural institutions like Haus Schwarzenberg . The latter has been run by a non-profit association since 2001 with a number of cultural institutions such as the Kino Central , a club, the Otto Weidt workshop for the blind, but above all with the Anne Frank Center . The cultural scene in this stretch of road is constantly changing, so there is today in place of the bucket to bucket club. In addition, the Delicious Donuts or the jazz club b-flat invite friends of electronic music or jazz to visit. In the meantime, fashion and design shops have found their way into the northern area of Rosenthaler Strasse in particular. The newly built office and commercial building (house numbers 63/64) was particularly important for the development of the street. The trendsetters here are home decorator moove and Papyrus, a specialty store for print media.
In front of the building complex of the former Wertheim department store (house numbers 37-41), the Internet service company SAP built a modern new building (house number 30) as a Berlin branch between 1996 and 2003.
The department store came into the possession of the Federal Republic of Germany after 1990 and stood empty for a few years. With the move of the Federal Government ( Berlin / Bonn Law ) from Bonn to Berlin, the relocation of the headquarters of the Federal AOK to the Spree was also planned. Extensive restoration and renovation work was carried out according to the design by the Berlin architects Schuwirth & Erman and under the direction of Assmann Beraten + Planen GmbH . Historic structures of the building, in particular the natural stone facade and the column construction, were preserved. With the topping-out ceremony on November 30, 2007, the work was finished and on January 1, 2009 the head office was able to open its new office in Berlin.
The historic pharmacy was re-privatized in 1991, followed by multiple changes of operator. The whole building was renovated at the end of the 1990s, whereby the pharmaceutical business was retained under the name BerlinApotheke .
The Hackesche Höfe were extensively renovated and the passageways inside were opened. Numerous small art establishments, specialty shops and restaurants in the building sections have become a tourist magnet.
Other architectural monuments
Well-known architects such as Louis Fränkel , Adolf Sommerfeld or Carl Schwatlo were able to realize their building plans in this street in the 19th century. All of the tenant houses, town houses and commercial buildings that have been preserved have now been renovated and are on the Berlin list of monuments. Here is an overview sorted by house number. The numbering begins on the west side at Rosenthaler Platz with number 1, runs to Hackescher Markt (numbers 40/41) and counts from there on the east side again northwards to number 72a.
- Rosenthaler Strasse
- Rosenthaler Straße 1 / Torstraße 122: tenement house from 1875 . During the GDR era, there was a special fashion store for chubby people on the sloping corner on the ground floor.
- Rosenthaler Straße 2 / Linienstraße 75: tenement house from 1866
- Rosenthaler Strasse 9 / Auguststrasse 41: residential and commercial building from 1892
- Rosenthaler Straße 13, office building, 1912 by Louis Fränkel and Adolf Sommerfeld
- Rosenthaler Straße 23: tenement house from 1878
- Rosenthaler Strasse 24 / Gipsstrasse 18A: tenement house around 1880
- Rosenthaler Straße 32 / Sophienstraße: tenement from 1846
- Rosenthaler Straße 33: tenement house from 1866
- Rosenthaler Straße 34/35: Apartment building with staircase and commercial building from 1886
- Rosenthaler Straße 36, town house, staircase from 1781, increase around 1910
- Rosenthaler Straße 37, town house, staircase from 1787
- Rosenthaler Straße 38, residential and commercial building around 1905; Courtyard building, clubhouse of young merchants from Berlin from 1867 by Carl Schwatlo - former seat of the KPD and the KJVD
- Rosenthaler Strasse 39, tenement and commercial buildings, front building 1864, side wing 1831, commercial courtyard 1907, site of resistance against the Nazi regime - Anne Frank Center
- Rosenthaler Straße 49: tenement house from 1886
- Rosenthaler Straße 50: tenement house from 1873
- Rosenthaler Straße 52 - residential and commercial building, around 1890
- Rosenthaler Straße 61: tenement house from 1875
- Mulackstrasse 21 / Rosenthaler Strasse 62: tenement house from 1883
- Rosenthaler Straße 66: tenement house around 1865
- Rosenthaler Straße 68: tenement house around 1870
- Rosenthaler Straße 72: residential and commercial building around 1890
- Rosenthaler Strasse 51, residential and commercial building, 1877
- Rosenthaler Straße 72a, residential and commercial building (formerly: Aschingers Bierquelle), around 1890 . The premises on the ground floor and first floor housed and continue to accommodate catering facilities.
- Kleine Rosenthaler Strasse
- Mulackstrasse 20 / Kleine Rosenthaler Strasse 1: tenement house from 1879
- Kleine Rosenthaler Straße 2/3: guard house of the garrison cemetery, around 1850
- Linienstraße 206 / Kleine Rosenthaler Straße 8: tenement house from 1826
- Kleine Rosenthaler Straße 11: tenement house from 1865
Traffic problems on Rosenthaler Strasse
The entire length of the tram line M1 runs through Rosenthaler Strasse , in the north it has a connection to line M8, in the south to lines M4, M5 and M6. In addition, another tram line was added from Neue Schönhauser Strasse. Since the area of Neue Strasse and Alte Schönhauser Strasse is no longer used by the tram as a regular service, the traffic situation at Hackescher Markt has eased somewhat. Car traffic is two-lane in both directions, with the middle lane following the tram route. This means that congestion problems are unavoidable. All vehicles have to pass the eye of the needle in front of Hackescher Markt. Because of the steadily increasing number of visitors to the Hackesche Höfe and the other cultural institutions in Rosenthaler Straße, efforts have been made to set up a traffic-calmed zone in this area since 2002 . First, a ban on motor vehicles was tested, which was unsuccessful. The establishment of a purely pedestrian zone is also under discussion. However, no satisfactory solution had been reached by the end of 2009.
literature
- Hans Werner Klünner, Sabine Molter, Senate Department for Building and Housing (ed.): Tours through quarters, Berlin-Mitte (6): From the former Scheunenviertel to Hackescher Markt. 1993.
- Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-I. Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 267 ff.
- Volker Huebner, Christiane Oehmig: Spandauer Vorstadt in Berlin-Mitte. An art and monument guide. 3rd improved edition. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2006, ISBN 3-937251-01-4 .
Web links
- Rosenthaler Strasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rosenthaler Strasse 40/41: Hackesche Höfe
- ↑ http://www.museum-blindenwerkstatt.de/
- ↑ Homepage Haus Schwarzenberg e. V .; Retrieved November 24, 2009
- ↑ Information from the Senate Department for Urban Development on the SAP office building
- ↑ Press release from 2007 on the topping-out ceremony of the former department store and its history; Retrieved November 26, 2009
- ↑ History of the former Wertheim department store in Rosenthaler Strasse
- ↑ Architectural monument at Rosenthaler Strasse 31: Wertheim department store
- ↑ Info on Rosenthaler Str. 52; Retrieved November 24, 2009
- ^ Collection of press releases dealing with the traffic problem Rosenthaler Straße / Hackescher Markt. Retrieved November 25, 2009
- ↑ Citizens' Platform Rosenthaler Vorstadt; Retrieved November 25, 2009
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 32 " N , 13 ° 24 ′ 13" E