Rouyn-Noranda
| Rouyn-Noranda | |||
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 Fountain on Lac Osisko |
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| Motto : Fierté, Solidarité, Savoir | |||
| Location in Quebec | |||
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| State : |
 Canada
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| Province : | Quebec | ||
| Administrative region : | Abitibi-Témiscamingue | ||
| Coordinates : | 48 ° 14 ′ N , 79 ° 1 ′ W | ||
| Height : | 293 m | ||
| Area : | 6th 010.5 km² | ||
| Residents : | 41,012 (as of 2011) | ||
| Population density : | 6.8 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Time zone : | Eastern Time ( UTC − 5 ) | ||
| Municipality number: | 86042 | ||
| Postal code : | J9X, J9Y | ||
| Area code : | +1 819 | ||
| Mayor : | Mario Provencher | ||
| Website : | www.ville.rouyn-noranda.qc.ca | ||
Rouyn-Noranda is a city in the western part of the Canadian province of Quebec . It is located about 400 kilometers northwest of Ottawa , near the border with the province of Ontario . The administrative seat of the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region is a so-called territorial equivalent of a regional municipality, since 2002 all municipalities of the former regional county municipality (municipalité régionale du comté) Rouyn-Noranda merged with the city. The area is 6010.5 km², the population 41,012 (2011).
Geography and climate
The entire urban area belongs to the Canadian Shield , one of the oldest geological formations on earth. The floor is characterized by alternating layers of sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks , of granite - intrusions are interspersed. There are more than 625 lakes belonging to two different catchments , that of Hudson Bay in the north and that of Ottawa in the south. Almost the entire area is covered with boreal coniferous forest, the terrain is flat to slightly undulating. There are two protected areas of national importance, the Réserve écologique des Dunes-de-la-Moraine-d'Harricana and the Parc national d'Aiguebelle .
The core city of Rouyn-Noranda, in which more than two thirds of the population live, is located on the west and south banks of Lac Osisko. Other significant settlements are u. a. Bellecombe, Cadillac, D'Alembert, Évain, McWatters and Montbeillard. Neighboring communities are Lac-Duparquet , Duparquet and Rapide-Danseur in the north-west, Sainte-Germaine-Boulé , Taschereau and Launay in the north, Sainte-Gertrude-Manneville and Preissac in the north-east, Rivière-Héva and Val-d'Or in the east, Les Lacs -du-Témiscamingue in the south-east, Laforce and Rémigny in the south and Nédélec in the south-west. To the west, Rouyn-Noranda borders the Timiskaming District of Ontario.
The climate is cold temperate . The mean temperatures range between −18.6 ° C in January and 16.5 ° C in July. The lowest temperature ever recorded was -49.5 ° C on January 21, 1984, the highest 34.5 ° C on June 18, 1995. The average annual rainfall is 975 mm, with August and September being the wettest months. Snow can fall from late October to early May.
history
The area around Rouyn-Noranda has been inhabited by First Nations for 8,000 years . According to archaeological research, the Algonquians lived here since the 13th century. In the 17th century, shortly before the arrival of the Europeans, the Algonquin Abitibi shared the area with the Timiskaming belonging to the Cree . Between 1630 and 1640 the Iroquois, allied with the English, strove in the Beaver Wars to violently defend their supremacy in the fur trade and carried out numerous raids against Algonquin fur convoys. The levies demanded by the Odawa had become so high around 1650 that the French increasingly had to resort to the services of independently operating and cheaper Coureurs des bois (rangers).
Gabriel Druillettes wrote the first geographical description of the region in 1658. The aborigines increasingly turned to the English, who operated more accessible fur trading posts at James Bay , which is further north . In 1686 the French sent an expedition under the command of Pierre de Troyes . He managed to eliminate the competition, if only for a few years. In the Peace of Utrecht in 1713, James Bay finally fell to the British, with the Paris Peace of 1763 Québec also came into British possession. In the first half of the 19th century, fur gradually fell out of fashion in Europe, making the remote and difficult-to-access area largely uninteresting.
Edmund Horne, a prospector from Nova Scotia , first went to Lac Osisko in 1911 to examine the rock. Six years later he came across extensive copper deposits . Within a short time, two settlements emerged on the lake. Rouyn, on the south bank, was settled by loggers who set up forestry operations . The place is named after the French officer Jean-Baptiste de Rouyn, who was seriously wounded in the battle of Sainte-Foy in 1760 . The Noranda settlement was built around the mine on the west bank. It is a Portmanteau word from North and Canada . From 1926 both places were independent cities. They were close to each other and grew together after a few years, so that a close cooperation developed early on.
During the Great Depression from 1929 onwards, the provincial government encouraged the settlement of workers and their families in the resource-rich north to counter emigration to New England . Both cities had extremely diverse populations. The French Canadians , although presented with the exception of a few years, always the majority, but it also lived many English Canadians here. There were also numerous immigrant Poles , Ukrainians , Italians , Germans and Yugoslavs . From the 1950s onwards, the proportion of English speakers began to gradually decline as they moved to the rest of the Canadian provinces. Within three decades, Rouyn and Noranda became almost entirely French-speaking. As the mining industry required fewer and fewer workers, the importance of other branches of the economy increased significantly.
In 1973 the Diocese of Rouyn-Noranda was founded. In 1986 both cities merged and the new city of Rouyn-Noranda was created. Ten years later it had 30,936 inhabitants on an area of 348.07 km². As part of an administrative reform, the regional county municipality of Rouyn-Noranda was dissolved on January 1, 2002 and merged with the city. It now also included the former communities of Arntfield, Bellecombe, Cadillac, Cloutier, Cléricy, D'Alembert, Destor, Évain, McWatters, Mont-Brun, Montbeillard and Rollet, as well as the unorganized territories of Lac-Montanier, Lac-Surimau and Rapides des-Cèdres.
population
According to the 2011 census, Rouyn-Noranda had 41,012 inhabitants, which corresponds to a population density of 6.8 inh / km². 96.0% of the population stated French as their main language, the share of English was 2.1%. 0.6% said they were bilingual (French and English), other languages and multiple answers accounted for 1.3%. Only French spoke 67.3%. In 2001, 93.4% of the population were Roman Catholic , 1.6% Protestant and 4.2% non-denominational.
Transport and economy
Two supraregional main roads cross in Rouyn-Noranda. The Route 101 runs south-north direction in and connects Témiscaming with Macamic . Route 117 , which is part of the Trans-Canada Highway and leads in the direction of Montreal , runs east-west . The city is served by four local bus routes and it is also connected by long-distance bus routes. Rouyn-Noranda is on the railway line between Cochrane (Ontario) and Senneterre , which is only used for freight traffic. The Rouyn-Noranda Airport is located 16 km east of the city center and has a paved runway with a length of 2,286 m; Regular scheduled and charter flights are offered.
Economic activity is based on agriculture and forestry, the exploitation and processing of mineral resources and the manufacture of equipment for the industries mentioned. There is also a well-developed service sector. Hydro-Québec operates the Rapide-2 and Rapide-7 hydropower plants on the upper reaches of the Ottawa .
Sports
The city's best- known sports team is the Huskies de Rouyn-Noranda ice hockey team , which has played in the Ligue de hockey junior majeur du Québec since 1996 . The home games are played in the Aréna Iamgold , which has a capacity of 3,500.
About 30 km west of the city is a small winter sports area at Mont Kanasuta . A chair lift and a ski lift open up 16 slopes with a maximum difference in altitude of 147 m.
education
Rouyn-Noranda is the educational center in northwestern Québec. Since 1983, the city has been the seat of the Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue , a university that is part of the Université du Québec network with branches in Val-d'Or and Amos . Since 1967 there has also been a Cégep for secondary education.
Sons and daughters
- Paule Baillargeon (born 1945), actor
- Christian Bordeleau (* 1947), ice hockey player
- JP Bordeleau (born 1949), ice hockey player
- Paulin Bordeleau (* 1953), ice hockey player and coach
- Jacques Cloutier (born 1960), ice hockey player
- Wayne Connelly (born 1939), ice hockey player
- Éric Desjardins (* 1969), ice hockey player
- Pierre Goudreault (* 1963), Roman Catholic clergyman, Bishop of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière
- Bruce Greenwood (born 1956), actor
- Réjean Houle (born 1949), ice hockey player
- Dave Keon (born 1940), ice hockey player
- Suzanne Lacasse (* 1948), engineer
- Jacques Laperrière (born 1941), ice hockey player
- Pit Martin (1943–2008), ice hockey player
- Stéphane Matteau (* 1969), ice hockey player
- Jocelyne Saucier (* 1948), writer
- Bob Sullivan (1957-2018), ice hockey player
- Dale Tallon (born 1950), ice hockey player
- Pierre Turgeon (born 1969), ice hockey player
- Sylvain Turgeon (born 1965), ice hockey player
- Hal Willis (1933-2015), country singer
Web links
- Official website of Rouyn-Noranda (French)
Individual evidence
- ^ Geography et climat. Center local de développement de Rouyn-Noranda, 2007, accessed on 23 January 2014 (French).
- ^ Statistiques météo. (No longer available online.) Météo Média, 2013, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; Retrieved on January 23, 2014 (French, data refer to Mont-Brun to the west of Rouyn-Noranda). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ O. Vincent, M. Asselin, B. Beaudry Gourd, C. Mercier, R. Viau, M. Côté, JP Marquis, M. Riopel, C. Sabourin: Histoire de l'Abitibi Témiscamingue . Institut québécois de la recherche, Montreal 1995, ISBN 2-89224-251-7 .
- ↑ Rouyn-Noranda. Commission de toponymie du Québec, accessed January 23, 2014 (French).
- ↑ a b Rouyn-Noranda de 1927 à aujourd'hui. (PDF) City of Rouyn-Noranda, accessed on January 23, 2014 (French).
- ↑ a b Population profile of the commune of Rouyn-Noranda. In: 2001 Census. Statistics Canada , 2001, accessed January 23, 2014 (French).
- ↑ Population profile of the commune of Rouyn-Noranda. In: 2011 Census. Statistics Canada , 2011, accessed January 23, 2014 (French).
- ^ Transport aérien. City of Rouyn-Noranda, accessed January 23, 2014 (French).
- ↑ Info-montagne. (No longer available online.) Kanasuta.com, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; Retrieved January 23, 2014 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
