Saalhoff

Saalhoff City of Kamp-Lintfort Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 39 ″ N , 6 ° 31 ′ 37 ″ E
Height :	24 m above sea level NN
Area :	17.27 km²
Incorporation :	April 1, 1934
Postal code :	47475
Area code :	02842
Location of Saalhoff in North Rhine-Westphalia

Saalhoff is a rural district of the town of Kamp-Lintfort in the Wesel district of North Rhine-Westphalia .

Geographical location

The area of the former municipality of Saalhoff borders the Alps in the north, Issum in the northwest and Rheinberg in the east .

history

The place name Saalhoff is considered to be “a typical example” of the fact that the name of the original Salhof or Sadelhof “has been transferred to the locality that has developed from it”. Saalhoff prevailed over competing names such as Selehem (1176), which clearly refers to a settlement during the Franconian conquest with the basic word -hem or -heim , Salef (f) , Seleff , Selle (n) and Zeyllen . In the local sources, Salhoff can only be reliably proven in 1521: "ex bonis dictis der Salhoff". The inhabitants of Saalhoff were referred to in Latin in 1677 as "salhovenses".

Saalhoff in the time of the Electorate of Cologne

In terms of territorial history, Saalhoff was part of an enclave of the Electorate of Cologne on the left bank of the Rhine . In the 16th and 17th centuries, located in the Office of Cologne Rheinberg was the peasantry as Horsterferdel (1559), Horster four vierthel (1636) or Horst called (1643). In 1636, according to a description of the boundaries of the Rheinberg office, she had "included 10 courtyards, 6 half and 18 kaets". These 34 farms and cottages were "mostly part of the Ertz Stifft Leibgewins gütern", furthermore "partly Leibgewins subservient to the graffliche Haus Mörß and ruled the Alps Leibgewin and Lehnmührig". Seven years later, Horst counted “44 inhabited haußplatze hoff undt Kaetstätte”, including the “noble geseeß” and Cologne fiefdom Eyll zur Heyden or Haus Heideck , attested since the early 14th century . In the course of the following decades the number of courtyards and cottages decreased to 38 in 1670. At the end of the 17th century there were a number of farms and cottages in the Saalhoffer area. a. the properties Bellickhoffen, Bogen (Boegen), Broeckmans, Dyckmans, Frericks (Frederichs), Geilings, Gommers, Gumpers, Hercken (Herken), Holtmans, Hoogh (Hoogen), Houben, Int Finn, Jegers, Kempkens, Kolters, Pawen (Pauen ), Rusken (Rösken), Schunmachers, Stiers, Vossen, Wessels and Zacharias. Around 1780, 264 people lived in the peasantry, who are now again divided between 44 houses.

The forest light (1293: Luchte) in the northwest room Hoff, by the barrows partially in its edge regions traces Stone Age has colonization, "Ihro Churf was. Dhltt. Erbbusch ”, which in the 17th century had a market value of“ undoubtedly ”20,000 Reichstalers. The Esch and Kankenhorst were the smaller hereditary bushes of the Cologne Elector in Saalhoff.

Saalhoff belonged to the sprawling judicial district of Buchholt, the jury of which Henrich Hoogen appeared during a border inspection in 1695. From an ecclesiastical point of view, the residents of the scattered settlement Saalhoff, which was not covered by the Reformation , belonged to the parish of the Alps and therefore sometimes had long paths to church. In September 1741 they turned to their “most honorable, most transparent elector” and “most gracious lord”, the Cologne elector and archbishop Clemens August of Bavaria , with a two-page petition . After the introductory reference to the historical fact that in the peasantry Saalhoff "from the year 1520 on there was a commendable brotherhood , the residents asked" umb most gracious permissibility "as a token of their gratitude and in honor of their" angelic protector " Michael "A Cappell on our common grounds without being allowed to build Ew [er] Churfürstl [iche] D [urc] hl [also] t Waltforsters Hoogen housing and be allowed to fund". However, this did not happen. Rather, at an unknown point in time between 1742 and 1755 on the Hoogen-Hof in a building built in 1716, a chapel consecrated to the Archangel Michael was rebuilt , which is also of interest due to its window beer panes, mostly dated 1724 . These gift discs form a mundane decorative window that originally belonged to the furnishings of a pub set up in the courtyard in 1724. In June 1758 the Saalhoff farmers were also affected by the Seven Years' War . In 1741 at the latest, Johann Hoogen was an "adjoint" ( assigned to an official ) the Cologne forest ranger for the area of the Rheinberg office. His successor was his son Johann Stephan Hoogen, who had a three-year training "at the Churfürstlich Kölnischen Jägerey zu Bonn" and had proven to be a "well-trained, deer-friendly hunter". For Klosterkamp belonged to his secularization 1802 in Saalhoff only two parties Garbe goods (bull and Vossen) and two in long lease contracted goods (Bruckmann and Pannebecker).

The Saalhoff community

After the end of the Old Reich , Saalhoff became a municipality in the newly formed mayor's office Vierquartieren as part of a reorganization of the administration . Laurenz Hoogen from Saalhoff was the first mayor of Vierquartier until 1802. During French rule in 1808/10, when the Bönninghardt colony was systematically divided among the neighboring communities, the Saalhoffer area in its northern area increased by 338.02 hectares. The formerly electoral Leucht finally became the property of the Prussian state; Johann Stephan Hoogen died in 1825 as a royal Prussian district forester. In 1834 a total of 429 people lived in the 58 residential buildings in the Saalhoff community, including 414 Catholics and 15 Protestant Christians. There was school life in Saalhoff as early as the 18th century; the elementary school , newly built in 1836 , now serves as a private residence .

At the beginning of the 1860s, the Saalhoff community, which was always “completely lacking a central residence”, had the highest population in its history with 745 inhabitants in 127 households . In 1874/78 the existing brewery cellar under the Hoogen-Hof chapel became the operational nucleus for the Diebels brewery . In the 1885 census, the municipality covered an area of 1,729 ha . Of this, 825 ha were forest, 548 ha were arable and 44 ha were meadows . The population of Saalhoff has already decreased to 653 in 1885, of which 558 were Catholic and 95 were Protestant.

After a spatial expansion of the St. Michael Chapel, through which the historical decorative window became part of the chapel furnishings, Saalhoff formed a Catholic chapel congregation in 1920 with the Alpsray peasantry bordering to the east and received its own bookkeeping under the supervision of the church council in Alpen and the first in 1923 own chaplain . The beginnings of local fire fighting go back to the 19th century, but it wasn't until 1927 that a volunteer fire brigade for the densely wooded Saalhoffer area was founded. In 1929 the municipal council of the civil parish of Saalhof consisted of five representatives from the Center Party and one representative from the German National People's Party . In 1931 Saalhoff had 657 predominantly Catholic residents; Until 1933 the community leader was the farmer Johannes Hoogen (center).

With effect from April 1, 1934, the community, which in terms of its population had remained largely unaffected by the industrialization caused by the Friedrich Heinrich colliery , moved to the mayor's offices (since 1929: offices) of Kamp, Hoerstgen and Vierquartieren by amalgamating the mayor's offices previously administered in personal union newly created municipality of Kamp-Lintfort. The built-up property of the political community of Saalhoff, taken over by Kamp-Lintfort, comprised the poor house , the syringe house , the elementary school building and a two-family house, which since 1932 served the clergyman from Saalhoff on the ground floor and the local teacher on the upper floor.

Saalhoff as a district of Kamp-Lintfort

Camp 8/210 of the Reich Labor Service was set up in 1935 on a hill in Altfeld in the south-western area of the Saalhoff district , and in 1939 the Wehrmacht expanded it into a flak position. During the Second World War there was a small forced labor camp in the Leucht state forest until September / October 1944 . At the end of the war, when an officers' mess was set up in the Hoogen-Hof chapel, a. lost the oil portrait of Elector Clemens August, which until then had its place in the sacristy.

The Saalhoffer Schule was closed in 1966 as part of fundamental organizational measures taken by the school authorities . In 1969 , the Kamp-Lintfort airfield was put into service as a special landing site in Saalhoff, which is mainly settled in its eastern area and is traditionally known for horse breeding and equestrian sports . In the same year, the British armed forces finally gave up the arsenal they had set up in the north of Leucht . The youth campground of the city of Kamp-Lintfort was built on part of the former ammunition depot . In 1970 the city administration replaced the previous conscription numbers for the residential buildings in Saalhoff with street information with orientation numbers . The chapel community hall Hoff, who later also Alpsray lost since 1967 no own clergy possessed more and two years, was in 1977 by Alpine to Kamp-Lintfort umgepfarrt . In 1984 the first renovation of the St. Michael Chapel on the Hoogen-Hof was realized; the historic decorative window was professionally restored in 2009 . In 2010, the Saalhoff fire brigade of the volunteer fire brigade received a new fire station to replace the building from 1986. The extensive renovation work on the chapel was completed in 2016.

The state forest of Leucht, which is cut in its north by the BAB 57 and is owned by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia , serves as a popular local recreation area . Locally active clubs are the St. Michael Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff eV, which dates back to 1520 and has royal plaques from 1660, the Bürgererschützenverein "Eintracht" Bönninghardt-Vierquartieren 1885 eV, the Schützenverein "Eintracht" Altfeld-Saalhoff 1911 eV and the Reitclub Altfeld eV The Reiterverein Seydlitz Kamp 1884 eV maintains a riding hall and other equestrian facilities on the Hoogen-Hof .

literature

Adolf Ernst von Ernsthausen : Statistical representation of the district of Moers. Edited from official sources. JG Eckner, Moers 1863, pp. 42 and 45 ( de.wikisource.org ), accessed on November 22, 2015

Johann Georg von Viebahn : Statistics and topography of the government district of Düsseldorf. Second part. JHE Schreiner, Düsseldorf 1836, p. 104 ( books.google.de ), accessed on November 21, 2015

Address book of the Rees and Moers districts 1880, based on official sources. Lobberich 1880, p. 79 ff.

Richard Pick : On the history of the city and the former Rheinberg office. In: Annals of the historical association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the old Archdiocese of Cologne 39 (1883), p. 1 ff. ( De.wikisource.org ), accessed on June 16, 2012

Community encyclopedia for the province of Rhineland. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape XII , 1888, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 , p. 72 ( digitized version ).

Fritz Hagelkruys (ed.): Address book for trade and commerce in the districts of Geldern, Cleve and Moers. Schaffrath, Geldern 1897, p. 342 f.

Mathias Dicks: The Abbey Camp on the Lower Rhine. History of the first Cistercian monastery in Germany (1123–1802) . Thomas-Druckerei und Buchhandlung, Kempen 1913, pp. 40 f., 216, 491, 628 and 631

Rudolf Stampfuß : Barrow investigations on the Bönninghardt. In: Prehistoric Journal 22 (1931), p. 115 ff.
Albert Steeger : Lower Rhine gift discs. In: Exhibition of Lower Rhine Glasses and Stained Glass. Organized by the Kaiser Wilhelm Museum and the Heimathaus des Niederrhein, Krefeld 1947, p. 51 ff.
Ders .: Lower Rhine window beer glasses. In: Niederrheinisches Jahrbuch 1 (1948), pp. 20 ff.
St. Michaels-Schützenbruderschaft 1520 eV Saalhoff (ed.): Festschrift of the St. Michaels-Schützenbruderschaft 1520 eV Saalhoff. Kamp-Lintfort 1970
E. Günter Piecha: Kamp-Lintfort in the mirror of history. The emergence and development of a young city. Rheinland-Verlag, 2nd edition, Cologne 1983, pp. 22, 124 ff., 161, 303 and 378
Schützenverein "Eintracht" Altfeld-Saalhoff 1911 eV (ed.): Festschrift for the 75th anniversary of the Schützenverein "Eintracht" Altfeld-Saalhoff 1911. Kamp-Lintfort 1986
Albert Spitzner-Jahn: Kamp-Lintfort in the 20th century. From the beginnings of industrialization to the present. 2nd edition, Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1993, pp. 61, 88 and 159 ISBN 3-7927-1317-9
Maria Braun: The Hoogenhof through the ages. Neukirch 1991
St. Michael-Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff 1520 eV (ed.): Festschrift of the St. Michael-Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff 1520 eV Kamp-Lintfort 1995
Dieter Schauenberg: The Hoogenhof and the Saalhoffer Chapel. A journey through a common history. In: Jahrbuch Kreis Wesel 2009, pp. 205 ff. ISBN 978-3-87463-434-2
Jürgen Wiegert: The French on the Bönninghardt. Edited by the interest group for history and nature Bönninghardt, o. O. (Alpen) 2010, p. 19 ff.
Rifle Club "Eintracht" Altfeld-Saalhoff 1911 eV (Ed.): 100 years Rifle Club "Eintracht" Altfeld-Saalhoff 1911 eV Kamp-Lintfort 2011
Josef Böhmer: The Bönninghardt Forest and its history. In: Jahrbuch Kreis Wesel 2012, p. 112 ff. ISBN 978-3-87463-493-9
Dieter Schauenberg: The Waschol. History of a small Bönninghardt outskirts. In: Jahrbuch Kreis Wesel 2013, p. 128 ff. ISBN 978-3-87463-514-1
Hans-Dieter Dormann: The St. Michael Chapel in Saalhoff, a monument from 1716. o. O. (Kamp-Lintfort) o. J. (2015)
Ders .: The St. Michael Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff 1520 eV In: St. Michael Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff 1520 eV (ed.): The St. Michael Chapel on the Hoogen-Hof in Saalhoff. A monument from 1716, Kamp-Lintfort 2016, p. 5 ff.
Albert Spitzner-Jahn: The St. Michael Chapel on the Hoogen-Hof in Saalhoff. A monument from 1716. In: St. Michael Schützenbruderschaft Saalhoff 1520 eV (Hg.): The St. Michael chapel on the Hoogen-Hof in Saalhoff. A monument from 1716, Kamp-Lintfort 2016, p. 9 ff.