Schambach (Treuchtlingen)

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Schambach
City of Treuchtlingen
Coordinates: 48 ° 58 ′ 1 ″  N , 10 ° 57 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 424–479 m above sea level NN
Residents : 706  (Dec. 31, 2013)
Incorporation : July 1, 1971
Postal code : 91757
Area code : 09142
Willibald's Church
The interior of St. Willibald

Schambach is a district of the city of Treuchtlingen in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen .

Geographical location

The place is located at the transition from the Schambach Valley to the Altmühltal, about three kilometers as the crow flies east of Treuchtlingen. Bundesstraße 2 runs to the west . The district road WUG 36 leads through the village . The Schambach stream of the same name flows through the village . The municipal boundary to Pappenheim runs south of the village . Above Schambach is the Upper Paper Mill , below the Lower Paper Mill . North of the village is Bonhof . The Nagelberg rises to the west .

Place name interpretation

The place name is based on the adjective "skam" for "short" and the noun "aha / ahwô" for "flowing water"; Schambach is therefore the "settlement on the short stream".

history

In the Schambacher Flur there was a Roman villa rustica, newly excavated in 1964 (reconstructions in the Treuchtlingen and Weißenburg museums). From 1975 was hall instead temporal burial with hills and fire pit graves at the mouth of the pubic stream excavated over a large area in the Altmühlberg.

Schambach was founded in the course of the first Franconian country expansion in the 8th century. The village was first mentioned in a document in 802 when the Franconian nobles Reginsind donated their paternal inheritance to the St. Gallen monastery in “Scammaba” in Sualafeldgau . Between 1057 and 1075 the Eichstatt Bishop Gundekar II consecrated a church in “Schammach” . For 1214 seven landholders of Marshal von Pappenheim are given; the marshals also owned two Meierhöfe, ten Huben and one Gütlein and thus probably the largest part of the village. In 1253, Sivvride de Schambach, shortly before the extinction of this family, was first proven to be a local nobleman. The castle of the local aristocracy was located on the site of the former Eckerlein inn, which was operated until 1961 (today the “Zum güldenen Ritter” inn), where there are still extensive medieval cellars; The field name "Burgmanigaß-Acker" also reminds of the castle. In 1341 Heinrich von Pappenheim sold his entire property at Schambach and Suffersheim , fiefs of the Brandenburg margraves , to Ulrich Schenk von Geyern , Ott the Zenger von Gerolfingen and Johann von Hausen , with Schambach obviously falling to the latter. This, Brandenburg chamber master and councilor, received the village of Schambach, which he had previously had as a fief, from Margrave Johann as his own property. Around 1370 Hilprand von Pappenheim gave his cousin Heinrich the tithe to Schambach for the chapel at Pappenheim Castle . This transferred the church set , the Widumhof , the big and small ten and field pieces to the Augustinian monastery Pappenheim . According to Pappenheimer Salbuch of 1434, three farms had to give realms to Pappenheim. Around 1456 Hans von Hausen (Hans Hausner) sold the village of Schambach to Constain to the imperial city of Weißenburg . But it soon came back into the possession of the Pappenheim lordship, as is documented for 1504. This introduced the Reformation before 1555 ; Recatholization efforts under the converted to Catholic Marshal Gottfried Heinrich von Pappenheim-Treuchtlingen in 1616 were unsuccessful. After his death in 1632, both denominations existed side by side; the Simultaneum lasted until 1669, when Schambach was ecclesiastically united with Dietfurt . The Thirty Years War brought destruction to the place; Exiles from Upper Austria contributed to the reconstruction . Around 1680 it is said that a farm, five court riders and the upper mill are interested in Pappenheim. The Untermühle also belonged to Schambach and was owned by cardboard houses. At the end of the Old Kingdom , the village consisted of 61 properties all with subjects of the Pappenheim rulership, namely 2 taverns, 2 mills, 3 courtyards, 3 half-farms, 3 estates, 17 Selden, 28 small estates, the schoolhouse, the hallway and the sheep house ; the rule of Pappenheim exercised both the village jurisdiction and the high jurisdiction.

Since 1806, the new Kingdom of Bavaria , the Kirchdorf Schambach with its mills and the was Bonhof and until 1802 the Prussian Weinbergshof the tax district Dietfurt in the lower court Pappenheim of the Retirement Office Greding of the Retirement Office (later, then County District Office), 1815 White Castle assigned; the patrimonial patrimonial jurisdiction was repealed in 1848. With the municipal edict of 1818, the tax district was transformed into the municipality of Schambach, which was incorporated into Treuchtlingen on July 1, 1971 as part of the regional reform in Bavaria . In 1824 the Flemmühle was spun off from the community and became part of the new community of Geislohe .

In 1846 the church village consisted of 62 houses under the mayor Mathias Beck, had 1 school, 1 wheat beer brewer and landlord, 1 blacksmith, 1 beer tavern, 1 potter , 2 butchers, 2 melbers , 1 bricklayer, 2 tailors, 3 shoemakers, 1 salt dealer, 2 Schäffler , 1 carpenter, 3 weavers and 1 carpenter.

Since the 1960s / 1970s, the local character of the farming village walked toward the commuter suburb, in particular through the residential areas of the slope of the northern Kipferberges . In the 1980s there were only two full-time farms left.

Population numbers

  • 1818: 373 inhabitants
  • 1824: 403 inhabitants, 66 properties
  • 1846: 405 inhabitants, 99 families, 62 houses
  • 1867: 304 inhabitants, 106 buildings
  • 1950: 497 inhabitants, 80 buildings
  • 1961: 552 inhabitants, 108 residential buildings
  • 1970: 596 inhabitants
  • 1987: 673 inhabitants
  • January 1, 2011: 730 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2013: 706 inhabitants

Buildings

Evangelical Lutheran branch church of St. Willibald

The current church of St. Willibald within an old cemetery walling with the oldest component, the choir tower, dates from the late 14th century, the nave was rebuilt in 1739. In 1480 the patronage is called Willibald ; the right of presentation lay with Marshal von Pappenheim. Until 1669 the village church was a branch church of the 3 km distant Dietfurt, then the Evangelical double parish Dietfurt-Schambach was formed. The two-column altar from 1722 is baroque with a later altarpiece, the pulpit dates from 1701. The baptismal font with putti masks is marked 1625. Under the west gallery is a box-shaped installation, the "peasant stand".

Monuments

In addition to the church of St. Willibald, several Jura buildings from the 17th to 19th centuries are registered in the Bavarian monument list, such as the residential building at Bachgasse 4, the “Zum güldenen Ritter” (formerly Gasthaus Eckerlein) with a former brewery in Burggasse 1 , the stable house Schambachtal 1, the Obere Mühle with a former basket house in Herrngasse 6, the farmhouse Herrngasse 9, the farmhouse Herrngasse 11, the residential house Lettenstrasse 1, the residential house Weißenburger Strasse 2 and the small Jurahaus Weißenburger Strasse 8.

literature

  • Hanns Hubert Hofmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Franconia Series I, Issue 8: Gunzenhausen-Weissenburg. Munich 1960, especially pp. 158, 255.
  • Erich Strassner: rural and urban district of Weißenburg i. Bay. Series of Historical Place Name Book of Bavaria. Middle Franconia, Vol. 2 . Munich: Commission for bayer. Landesgeschichte 1966, especially No. 179, p. 59f.
  • Heimat- und Bäderverein Treuchtlingen e. V. (ed.): Heimatbuch Treuchtlingen. Treuchtlingen, [around 1984], in particular pp. 141f.
  • Gotthard Kießling: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district. "Monuments in Bavaria" series. Munich: Karl M. Lipp Verlag 2000, pp. 635-638.
  • The village of Schambach. Text and picture book, Treuchtlingen: wek-Verlag 2002.

Web links

Commons : Schambach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Strassner, p. 59
  2. ↑ Strassner, p. 11 *
  3. ↑ a b c Heimatbuch Treuchtlingen, p. 141
  4. ^ Find report of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg
  5. ↑ Strassner, p. 16 *
  6. ↑ Heimatbuch Treuchtlingen, p. 291
  7. ^ (Rudolf) Schwarz: Evang.-Luth. Pappenheim church district . Pappenheim 1966, p. 17
  8. ↑ This section up to this point is essentially based on Strassner, pp. 59f.
  9. ↑ Hofmann, p. 158
  10. ↑ Hoffmann, pp. 199f .; 255
  11. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 592 .
  12. ↑ Heimatbuch Treuchtlingen, p. 209
  13. ↑ Hofmann, pp. 207, 247
  14. ↑ a b Eduard Vetter: Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria , Ansbach 1846, p. 283, see [1]
  15. ↑ a b c Hofmann, p. 255
  16. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 1105
  17. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 729 .
  18. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census. Munich 1964, column 836
  19. ^ Genealogy network
  20. ↑ Treuchtlingen website
  21. ↑ http://www.treuchtlingen.de/Einwohnerzahlen.13.0.html
  22. ↑ Kießling, p. 637
  23. ↑ restoration
  24. ↑ Kießling, pp. 635-638