Scheffau (Marktschellenberg)

Scheffau is a district of the municipality of Marktschellenberg in the Upper Bavarian district of Berchtesgadener Land and was an independent municipality until 1969.

Location and structure

The to 1969 independent municipality Scheffau is now an eponymous district of Marktschellenberg and is divided into the main village Scheffau and Gnotschaften or districts Oberstein , Mehlweg and Neusieden .

history

In the course of the Landbrief issued by Provost Ulrich Wulp in 1377 , Scheffau, with the capital of the same name and the two Gnotschaft districts Oberstein and Neusieden, probably became one of the eight "primordial embassies " of the Berchtesgadener Land as early as the end of the 14th century . From 1155 onwards, the area of ​​the Berchtesgadener Land corresponded to the heartland of the Berchtesgaden monastery , which in 1380 had been elevated to the status of the Imperial Prelature of Berchtesgaden and in 1559 to the imperial provost of Berchtesgaden . Scheffau is first mentioned in writing as a Gnotschaft in the first tax book of the Berchtesgadener Land from 1456.
→ See also the section on this paragraph: History in the prince-provost of Berchtesgaden

In the 16th century, local salt and wood traders spread Reformation thoughts and writings that they obtained on their travels to the Protestant cities of Augsburg , Nuremberg and Regensburg . An important nucleus of Protestantism was formed by Dürrnberg, which is neighboring in Salzburg . Here miners from the Berchtesgadener Land from the gnotships Au and Scheffau met immigrated miners from the Lutheran Saxony and were very open to their religious instruction and offers for edification. While persecutions had already started in the diocese of Salzburg at the beginning of the Reformation under Archbishop Matthäus Lang (1468–1540), the prince provosty had apparently escaped these developments on their territory for a long time. But even the first expulsion of Protestants from the Dürrnberg, initiated by Provost Jakob Pütrich in 1572, as well as the “visitations”, which were often followed by fines for possession of Lutheran writings, could no longer stop the spread of the new teaching. Along with Au, Schellenberg and Gern, Scheffau was one of the first Gnotships in the Berchtesgadener Land, in which it found its followers. But on April 22nd, 1733 the Protestants were expelled from the prince provostie of Berchtesgaden. 800 Auer, Scheffauer and “Gerer” had to set out by ship via Hallein to Regensburg and from there to walk to the cities and communities of Kurhannover .
→ See also sections on this paragraph: Reformation and Counter-Reformation, expulsions and emigration in the prince provost of Berchtesgaden

After the secularization of 1803, the Berchtesgadener Land lost its political independence as a prince provost, which was followed by three changes of rule in quick succession. In 1810 the Berchtesgadener Land was finally annexed to the Kingdom of Bavaria , and u. a. from its formerly second main town after Berchtesgaden, Schellenberg and the Gnotships Ettenberg and Scheffau, the communities Schellenberg Markt , Ettenberg and Scheffau emerged, whose previous Gnotschaft districts have since been referred to as "Gnotships". In 1817 two Gnotships from Schellenberg Markt were added to Scheffau , namely Götschen and Unterstein , but from 1818 they were incorporated into the newly formed community of Schellenberg Land .
→ See also the section on this paragraph: After the secularization in the Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden

Even before the general regional reform in Bavaria (1971–1980), the community of Scheffau was merged with Marktschellenberg and Landschellenberg on October 1, 1969 to form the newly formed community of Marktschellenberg . Since then, Scheffau has been a district of Marktschellenberg.

Local politics

Until the community of Scheffau was formed, the Gnotships each year elected a “Gnotschafter” from their ranks. This had a variety of tasks. So belonged z. B. the collection of taxes and the forwarding of governmental orders. Also when discussing road and bridge construction measures, stream regulations, etc. he was there. As a poor carer he was responsible for the selection and support of the needy people.

With the formation of the communities according to the second community edict in Bavaria of 1818, the administration of the community went to the community committee headed by the community leader. Mayors of the community of Scheffau after the Second World War were:

• 1945–1952 Johann Huber (Zillwirt)
• 1952–1966 Michael Springl (Leitenlehen)
• 1966–1969 Anton Sunkler (Neuhäusl)

Facilities

• In 1953 a fire station was set up near the Oberstein café , and in 1966 the school association completed a school building extension.

literature

• Manfred Feulner : Berchtesgaden - history of the country and its inhabitants . Verlag Berchtesgadener Anzeiger , Berchtesgaden 1986 ISBN 3-925647-00-7
• Hellmut Schöner (Ed.), A. Helm : Berchtesgaden in the course of time . Reprint from 1929. Association for local history d. Berchtesgadener Landes. Berchtesgadener Anzeiger and Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1973.
• Hellmut Beautiful (Ed.): Berchtesgaden through the ages - Supplementary Volume I . Association for local history d. Berchtesgadener Landes. Verlag Berchtesgadener Anzeiger and Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1982 ISBN 3-87490-528-4

Web links

Commons : Scheffau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Manfred Feulner : Maria Gern - Gnotschaft and congregation , on behalf of the Maria Gern brass band . Literature and sources: Market archive Berchtesgaden, Dept. Maria Gern. Online at berchtesgadeninfo.de
2. ↑ Dieter Albrecht : Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden - Statistical overview based on the status of 1698. I. District and Nursing Court Berchtesgaden. Chapter: Gnotschaft Ettenberg In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Altbayern, Heft 7, Munich 1954, p. 25.
3. ↑ ^{a b} berchtesgaden-evangelisch.de Alfred Spiegel-Schmidt: Reformation and emigration in the Berchtesgadener Land. Text on the emigration of Protestants from the prince-provost of Berchtesgaden.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Manfred Feulner: Berchtesgaden - history of the country and its inhabitants. See chap. The eviction of the Protestants from Berchtesgaden. Pp. 168-169
5. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 2, from p. 131 f.
6. ↑ The residents of Gern , since 1953 Maria Gern , were and are called "Gerer" in the local dialect .
7. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 3, from p. 68 f.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Hellmut Schöner: Berchtesgaden through the ages . Supplementary Volume I, 1982, p. 262
9. ↑ Hellmut Schöner: Berchtesgaden through the ages . Supplementary Volume I, 1982, p. 263

Coordinates: 47 ° 40 '  N , 13 ° 4'  E