Schlieffen (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Schlieffen (from 1555)

Schlieffen or Slept , is the name of an old Pomeranian noble family . The family, some of which still exist today, was originally a Kolberg city ​​dynasty.

history

origin

The family is first mentioned in a document in 1365 with Henning Sleff , he died around 1376 as a citizen of Kolberg. The trunk row begins with him . Members of the family belonged to the Kolberger Sülzgilde , the town's salt squires.

After Kneschke , Petrus Schleve also belongs to the family, who appears as Burgmann around 1200 . Likewise Gerhard , who appears as a witness in 1248. Another Petrus Schleve is said to have been councilor of Kolberg in 1303 and 1321 .

Spread and lines

The family split into two branches early on. The founders were Hans and Nicolas, both sons of Hans Schleve the elder. Hans Schlief the Younger was the progenitor of the older, also Dresovian branch, as well as the Dresovian secondary branches and the Soldekowic branch. Nicolas was the ancestor of the younger branch and the branch of Danzig that originated from him .

Martin Ernst von Schlieffen (1732–1825)
Alfred von Schlieffen (1833–1913)

The Dresovian side branch went out in 1686 with the death of Anton Wilhelm von Schlieffen. The Danzig branch died out in the first half of the 18th century. The older Dresovian branch had only one male representative in 1784, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlieffen (* 1753), Prussian lieutenant. At the end of the 18th century, only Johann Adolf Heinrich von Schlieffen (* 1769) lived from the Soldekov branch.

Hans von Schlieffen the Younger received on July 11, 1444 to Kalmar , after he had his council position with King Christoph III. of Denmark, Norway and Sweden resigned and took over the office of mayor of Kolberg, a Danish coat of arms . Limbrecht (also Lambertus ) from the Soldekowischen Ast, abbot of the Oliva monastery not far from Danzig, and his brothers Wickbold, Georg and Jacob received from King Sigismund II August in Poland on July 19, 1555 the Polish nobility indigenous with an increase of coat of arms at the Reichstag Petrikau .

Martin Ernst von Schlieffen (* 1732) became secret minister of state , head of an infantry regiment, governor of Wesel , knight of the Black Eagle Order and Commander of the Hessian Order of Lions . He died on September 15, 1825 as a Prussian lieutenant general . From his allodial and goods Windhausen and Kurhessen , and Schlieffenberg, Niglewe, Tolzin and Sierhagen in Mecklenburg-Schwerin he founded a primogeniture . In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are eight entries by the daughters of the von Schlieffen families from Schwandt and Schlieffenberg from the years 1861–1892 for inclusion in the local aristocratic women's monastery .

Johann Leo von Schlieffen (* around 1719), son of Georg Heinrich von Schlieffen (1684–1751) and Anna von Brunswick († 1777), died as a Prussian judge . Of his three sons from his marriage to Dorothea Elisabeth von Fuchs , the eldest Heinrich Wilhelm Graf von Schlieffen (* 1756) became the Prussian Lieutenant General of the Artillery and Knight of the Red Eagle Order, 1st class. He died in 1842 with no offspring. The second son Johann Ernst Ludwig (* 1759) died on December 5, 1819 as a Prussian captain and the youngest, Karl Friedrich Graf von Schlieffen (1763-1840), became a Prussian colonel . The count's house was continued in two lines by the descendants of the two youngest sons. Count Wilhelm von Schlieffen (1829–1902), son of Count Wilhelm Heinrich von Schlieffen, retired Prussian major , who died in 1836, comes from the first line . D. , from his marriage to Sophia von Jagow . He became majorate on Schlieffenberg, Niglewe, Tolzin, Rahden and Sierhagen in Mecklenburg, as well as on Windhausen and Sensenstein in Hesse. In 1858 he married Amelie Countess von der Groeben . His uncle Karl Graf von Schlieffen (* 1792) was majorate in Schwandt, Marienhof and Vossfeld in Mecklenburg and a Prussian lieutenant general. From his marriage to Clementine von Wedell (1801-1836) came three daughters and four sons. His brother Leo (* 1802) became a Prussian major a. D. and member of the Prussian mansion for life. In 1837 he married Virginie von Schlieffen (* 1817) from the Soltikow family and owner of the Sandow estate in the Pyritz district in Pomerania. There are four daughters and three sons from the marriage.

Friedrich Magnus Graf von Schlieffen (* 1796), son of Count Karl Friedrich von Schlieffen, who died in 1840, ruler of Großkrausche in the district of Bunzlau , district deputy of the district of Bunzlau and a Prussian major came from the second line of the count . D. His marriage to Auguste von Schönberg (* 1808) in 1828 resulted in three daughters and four sons. One daughter, Countess Louise (* 1829), married the Prussian chamberlain Friedrich Graf von und zu Egloffstein in 1856 . Two of her brothers entered Prussian military service. The brother of her father Karl Graf von Schlieffen (* 1798), Prussian lieutenant colonel, died in 1845 as a wing adjutant . From his marriage to Catharina Countess von Schuwalow (1801-1858), which he entered into in 1823, he had four daughters and a son. Son Georg Graf von Schlieffen (* 1832), Lord of Oberwitz in Upper Silesia , became a Prussian chamberlain . In 1860 he married Countess Ludmilla von Renart (* 1830), widowed Countess von Brühl . His sisters, Countesses Elisabeth (* 1825) and Maria (* 1830), both became honorary canons of the Abbey of the Holy Sepulcher. Countess Anastasia (* 1827) married the heir of the Bavarian civil rule Pappenheim, Ludwig Graf von Pappenheim , in 1854 . Her sister Louise (* 1838) married the Bavarian Rittmeister Maximilian Graf von Pappenheim in 1860 .

An important representative of the family from more recent times was Alfred Graf von Schlieffen (1833–1913). He entered the Prussian Army in 1854 and took part in the German War and the Franco-German War . In 1884 he became head of department in the general staff , in 1888 senior quartermaster and deputy chief of staff . In 1905 he wrote the Schlieffen Plan , according to which the German Reich could avoid a future two-front war. He died as a Prussian field marshal on January 4, 1913 in Berlin.

Members of the noble lines of the tribe were wealthy in the Kingdom of Prussia in the middle of the 19th century. A Rittmeister von Schlieffen owned the Fideikommissgut on Kuhtz in the district of Schlawe . One von Schlieffen was Herr auf Bartwien, another von Schlieffen Herr auf Leickow and another one on the old Kleinsoldekow estate , all in the Schlawe district. A sex association was founded on January 16, 1874 in Berlin .

Status surveys

The three brothers Wilhelm von Schlieffen, Prussian Colonel, Ludwig von Schlieffen on Czierwienz and Neitzkow in the Stolp district and Karl von Schlieffen, Retired Prussian Colonel. D., were raised to the Prussian count status on March 1, 1812 in Berlin by the highest cabinet order ( diploma issued on April 11, 1812).

coat of arms

Schlieffen Crown in Kolberg Cathedral (1523)
Schlieffen House in Kolberg

1444

The coat of arms of 1444 shows in silver a growing bearded man Hull (so-called. Schlieffenmännchen ) in red dress with golden shawl collar and hermelinverbrämter red cap. On the helmet with red and silver covers the man's trunk.

1555

The coat of arms from 1555 is divided. Above in blue a golden lion growing out of a green mountain of three , below in silver a growing bearded man's torso in a red dress with a gold turn-up collar and an Hermelin-trimmed red cap. On the helmet with blue-gold covers on the right and red-silver covers on the left, the man's trunk.

1812

The Count's coat of arms, awarded in 1812, is square within a gold shield border and covered with a gold-rimmed silver central shield , in it the body of a blond-bearded pagan in a red dress with gold buttons and a red cap trimmed with Hermelin. 1 and 4 a golden lion growing out of a green hill in blue. 2 and 3 in a Gold of red and silver in three rows geschachter bar . The coat of arms has three helmets. On the right with blue and gold blankets of heather growing, on the middle one with blue and gold blankets on the right and red and silver blankets on the left, a sitting black eagle with red and silver blankets on the lion growing out of the hill. Two golden lions standing against the shield as a shield holder .

Schlieffenkrone and Schlieffen House in Kolberg

In the Kolberg Cathedral , the Schlieffenkrone, a wooden chandelier from 1523, reminds of the work and importance of the family in the city. As in many other Hanseatic cities , especially in Lübeck , the family only rose to the patriciate level within the city and then came into contact with the landed gentry through pensions in estates and villages. The Schlieffenkrone was saved in 1945 on the initiative of Pastor Paul Hinz, later Superintendent in Halberstadt, together with the Kolberg Church Treasury, because it was walled in on time.

The Dom Schlieffenów (German: Schlieffen House) on Gierczak Street in Kolberg is an originally brick Gothic patrician house of the Schlieffen family from the 15th century. It was redesigned in the early Renaissance style in 1540. Since the time after the Second World War, the building has housed the Museum of City History.

Known family members

literature

Web links

Commons : Schlieffen (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The Schlieffen and Adebare in Colberg (Pomeranian Sage)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kolberger Stadtbuch.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Genealogical manual of the nobility . Nobility Lexicon. Volume XII, Volume 125 of the Complete Series, pp. 480-481.
  3. ↑ a b c d New general German nobility lexicon. Volume 8, pp. 214-217.
  4. ^ A b New Prussian nobility lexicon. Volume 4, pp. 177-178.
  5. ↑ Ivan Bentchev include: DuMont art travel guide Poland. Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7701-2023-X , p. 313.