Vatican euro coins
| The euro coins |
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| Eurozone |
| Associated euro users (with their own euro coins) |
| Passive euro users (without their own euro coins) |
| Possible future euro states |
| Exit clause |
The Vatican euro coins are from the Vatican put into circulation Euro coins of the common European currency Euro .
Legal basis and scope of the coining rights
Although Vatican City is not a member of the European Union, a bilateral currency agreement between the Italian Republic - on behalf of the European Union - and the Vatican City State, represented by the Holy See, stipulated on December 29, 2000 that they would have a certain number of May mint euro coins that are added to the Italian minting quota. The agreement stipulates that from January 1, 2002, the State of Vatican City may issue euro coins with a face value of no more than 670,000 euros per year. If euro collector coins (which do not have the status of legal tender in the Community) are issued, they fall below the annual upper limit of the face value.
Similar agreements were also concluded with three other small European states (2000 San Marino , 2001 Monaco , 2011 Andorra ). These currency agreements were considered necessary because these countries were in a currency union with Italy or France or Spain and France before the introduction of the euro.
On October 7, 2003, the Council decided to amend the currency agreement with the Vatican City State, which stipulated that from January 1, 2004 euro coins with a nominal value of no more than 1 million euros per year may be issued. In the year of the Sedis vacancy, in a " Holy Year " (the next is 2025) and in the year of the opening of an ecumenical council, the State of Vatican City is allowed to exceed the upper limit for coins in an amount of EUR 300,000 each (instead of EUR 250,000 as before) shape. Even for special anniversaries, e.g. B. Anniversaries of service of the Pope (2003 - 25 years pontificate of John Paul II.), On the death of the Pope (April 2, 2005 - John Paul II.) Or the resignation of the Pope (February 28, 2013 Benedict XVI.) Is permitted in Vatican City to mint additional coins worth 300,000 euros.
On December 17, 2009, a new currency agreement was signed, which stipulates that the value upper limit for the annual issuance of euro coins by the State of Vatican City is calculated by a mixed committee as the sum
- a fixed portion, the initial amount of which for 2010 was set at 2,300,000 euros. The Joint Committee may adjust the fixed percentage annually to take into account both Italy's inflation in the previous year and any significant developments in the euro collector's coin market;
- a variable portion equal to the average number of coins issued per capita in Italy in the previous year multiplied by the population of Vatican City State.
The Vatican euro coins have the smallest edition of all euro coins and are therefore collector's items. The previous editions were sold out before the official issue and therefore never got into normal circulation, but are official means of payment. If you want to purchase the coins, you have to expect a sum of up to 200 euros and more.
Vatican coins in normal circulation
On January 1, 2010, an agreement between the Vatican and the EU came into force, through which the EU would like to limit the sale of the Vatican's euro coins with amounts above their face value. It obliges the Vatican to put 51% of its euro coins into normal circulation. To this end, the total value of the coins that the Vatican is allowed to issue has been increased from the last EUR 1.1 million in 2009 to EUR 2.3 million in 2010. Initially only 50 cent coins will be given out as change by shops in the area of the Vatican City. The circulation of these 50-cent pieces was 2 million in 2010.
Circulation coins
The first three minting series of the Vatican euro coins had the same motif for all eight coins: the portrait of the Pope or, during the sedis vacancy in 2005, the coat of arms of the Apostolic Chamber, the writing CITTÀ DEL VATICANO (German: Vatican City ), the 12 stars of the EU and the year of issue. Due to new requirements of the EU, such a coin series was no longer possible when the Sedis vacancy occurred in 2013. The Vatican is now only allowed to issue an additional 2 euro commemorative coin for the Sedis vacancy.
Because of the picture of the Pope, there had been protests beforehand - especially in Scandinavia and France. The opponents led u. a. indicates that the depiction of religious symbols violates the ideological principle of neutrality and is therefore not permitted. However, the Vatican was able to prevail with its view that the depiction of a head of state is legitimate.
First mint series (2002-2005)
The first series of embossing showed the profile of Pope John Paul II on the national side, based on a design by Guido Veroi and engraved by Uliana Pernazza . Since the euro coins of the year 2005 were already minted at the time of the death of Pope John Paul II, they were issued with his likeness in May 2005.
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| Pope John Paul II | ||
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| Pope John Paul II | ||
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| Pope John Paul II | The number 2 and ★ (an asterisk) alternate six times , alternately upright and inverted. |
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Second series of embossing (2005)
With the death of John Paul II, a set of euro coins with an edition of 60,000 was minted, which depicts the insignia of the Apostolic Chamber as well as the coat of arms of Cardinal Chamberlain Eduardo Martínez Somalo and the lettering SEDE VACANTE MMV on the national side . According to the heraldic rules of tinging , the colors blue and red contained in the coat of arms are represented by hatching.
The motif was designed by Daniela Longo , the engraver of the 1-cent and 20-cent coins was Maria Angela Cassol , the 2-cent and 50-cent coin was Luciana De Simoni , who created the 5-cent and 1-euro Coin Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini and that of the 10-cent and 2-euro coin was Maria Carmela Colaneri .
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| Coat of arms of the Cardinal Chamberlain during the Sedis vacancy | ||
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| Coat of arms of the Cardinal Chamberlain during the Sedis vacancy | ||
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| Coat of arms of the Cardinal Chamberlain during the Sedis vacancy | The number 2 and ★ (an asterisk) alternate six times , alternately upright and inverted. |
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Third series (2006-2013)
On April 27, 2006 for the first time Vatican euro coins with the portrait of Pope Benedict XVI. put into circulation. Here, too, the designer of all motifs is Daniela Longo, and the engravers are the same as in the second series of mints (only the responsibility for the 1 and 50 cent coins changed and Luciana De Simoni's signet varied). The front of the euro coins, redesigned from 2007 (new map of Europe), was only introduced in the Vatican City in 2008.
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| Pope Benedict XVI | ||
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| Pope Benedict XVI | ||
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| Pope Benedict XVI | The number 2 and ★ (an asterisk) alternate six times , alternately upright and inverted. |
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Fourth series of embossing (2014-2016)
After the resignation of Benedict XVI. Francis was elected as the new Pope on March 13, 2013 . Linked to this is the redesign of the Vatican euro coins with the likeness of Francis as head of state in Vatican City. For the first time there are three different images of the ruling Pope on the circulation coins.
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| Pope Francis | ||
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| Pope Francis | ||
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| Pope Francis | The number 2 and ★ (an asterisk) alternate six times , alternately upright and inverted. |
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Fifth embossing series (from 2017)
At the request of Pope Francis , the circulation coins of the Vatican City designed by Daniela Longo from the minting year 2017 no longer show his likeness, but his papal coat of arms . This shows a simple episcopal miter , which - similar to the crown rings of the tiara - with three vertically in the middle connected ribbons, which stand for the unity of ordination, jurisdiction and magisterium of the Pope. The keys to the kingdom of heaven symbolize the Pope's power to bind and release as the successor of Peter. The shield bears the symbol of the Jesuits : a sun with the Christ monogram "IHS", the "H" of which is surmounted by a paw cross . The three nails below symbolize the Jesuit religious vows of voluntary poverty, celibate chastity and obedience. The other symbols are similar to those of the archbishop's coat of arms, Bergoglio: the star symbolizes Mary , the tuberose Joseph , the patron saint of the church. The motto is: "Miserando atque eligendo" ("with mercy and choice"). It refers to the calling of Matthew and comes from a sermon by Beda Venerabilis .
The mint mark "R" of the Roman mint can be seen at the bottom left and the year of issue at the bottom right.
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| Pope coat of arms of Francis | ||
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| Pope coat of arms of Francis | ||
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| Pope coat of arms of Francis | The number 2 and ★ (an asterisk) alternate six times , alternately upright and inverted. |
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2 euro commemorative coins
→ Main article: 2 euro commemorative coins
| No. | image | Issue date image reference |
occasion | Official Journal reference |
Edition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
December 16, 2004 |
75th anniversary of the founding of the Vatican City State | 85,000 | |
| 2 |  |
December 6, 2005 |
XX. World Youth Day - Cologne 2005 | 100,000 | |
| 3 |  |
November 9, 2006 |
500th anniversary of the Pontifical Swiss Guard | 100,000 | |
| 4th |  |
October 23, 2007 |
80th birthday of Pope Benedict XVI. | 100,000 | |
| 5 |  |
October 16, 2008 |
Pauline year | 106.084 | |
| 6th |  |
November 18, 2009 |
International year of astronomy | 106.084 | |
| 7th |  |
October 12, 2010 |
Priestly year | 111,000 | |
| 8th |  |
October 18, 2011 |
XXVI. World Youth Day - Madrid 2011 | 115,000 | |
| 9 |  |
October 16, 2012 |
VII World Meeting of Families - Milan 2012 | 103,000 | |
| 10 |  |
3rd June 2013 |
Sede vacante MMXIII | 125,000 | |
| 11 |  |
15 October 2013 |
XXVIII. World Youth Day - Rio de Janeiro 2013 | 115,000 | |
| 12 |  |
October 14, 2014 |
25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 | 103,000 | |
| 13 |  |
October 6, 2015 |
VIII World Meeting of Families - Philadelphia 2015 | 114,000 | |
| 14th |  |
2nd June 2016 |
200 years of the Gendarmerie Corps of the Vatican City | 98,000 | |
| 15th |  |
October 13, 2016 |
Holy Year of Mercy | 98,000 | |
| 16 | June 1, 2017 |
1950th anniversary of the martyrdom of Saints Peter and Paul | 98,400 | ||
| 17th | 5th October 2017 |
100th anniversary of the apparitions of Fátima | 98,000 | ||
| 18th | June 1, 2018 |
European Year of Cultural Heritage | 94,000 | ||
| 19th | 4th October 2018 |
50th anniversary of Father Pios' death | 94,000 | ||
| 20th | May 7, 2019 |
90th anniversary of the founding of the Vatican City State | 84,000 | ||
| 21st | 1st October 2019 |
25th anniversary of the restoration of the Sistine Chapel | 83,000 | ||
| 22nd | June 23, 2020 |
100th birthday of John Paul II | 74,000 | ||
| 23 | 2020 | 500th anniversary of Raphael's death |
Collector coins
5 euros
Material: 925 silver - diameter: 32 mm - weight: 18 g
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| Europe as a project of peace and brotherhood | September 10, 2002 | 10,000 |
| Year of the rosary | October 14, 2003 | 10,000 |
| 150th anniversary of the proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception | October 28, 2004 | 13,000 |
| Sede Vacante MMV | June 30, 2005 | 13,440 |
| 60th anniversary of the end of World War II | December 6, 2005 | 13,000 |
| 39th World Day of Peace : In truth lies peace | November 9, 2006 | 14,160 |
| 40th World Day of Peace: Man, Heart of Peace | October 23, 2007 | 13,694 |
| XXIII. World Youth Day Sydney 2008 | October 15, 2008 | 9,600 |
| 42nd World Day of Peace 2009: Fighting Poverty, Building Peace | November 18, 2009 | 9,600 |
| 96th World Day of Migrants and Refugees | October 12, 2010 | 9,998 |
| Beatification of Pope John Paul II | October 18, 2011 | 9,500 |
| 44th World Day of Peace: Religious Freedom, A Path to Peace | October 18, 2011 | 7,998 |
| 100th year of birth of Pope John Paul I | October 16, 2012 | 8,999 |
| Sedis vacancy 2013 | 3rd June 2013 | 10,000 |
| Beginning of the pontificate of Pope Francis | September 10, 2013 | 7,000 |
| 46th World Day of Peace: Blessed are the peace makers | 15 October 2013 | 5,999 |
| 47th World Day of Peace: Fraternity - Foundation and Path of Peace | October 14, 2014 | 5,999 |
| 48th World Day of Peace: No longer servants, but brothers | June 8, 2015 | 6,499 |
| 14. Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops | October 6, 2015 | 6,500 |
| 49th World Day of Peace: Overcome indifference and achieve peace | October 13, 2016 | 5,500 |
| 50th World Day of Peace: Nonviolence: Style of Politics for Peace | 5th October 2017 | 5,500 |
Material: bimetal - diameter: 25.5 mm - mass: 9.5 g Only from coin sets
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| 600 years dome of Santa Maria del Fiore | March 8, 2018 | 10,000 |
10 Euro
Material: 925 silver - diameter : 34 mm - weight: 22 g
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| 35th World Day of Peace : No peace without justice, no justice without forgiveness | December 16, 2002 | 10,000 |
| 25 years pontificate of Pope John Paul II. | October 14, 2003 | 10,000 |
| 37th World Day of Peace: International Law and a Path to Peace | October 28, 2004 | 13,000 |
| Year of the Eucharist | December 6, 2005 | 13,000 |
| The colonnades on St. Peter's Square 1656–2006 | November 9, 2006 | 14,160 |
| 81st World Mission Day : All churches for the whole world | October 23, 2007 | 13,693 |
| 41st World Day of Peace: The human family, a community of peace | October 15, 2008 | 9,600 |
| 80 years of the State of the Vatican City | November 18, 2009 | 9,602 |
| 43rd World Day of Peace: If you want to promote peace, keep creation | October 12, 2010 | 9,998 |
| 60th jubilee of Benedict XVI. | October 18, 2011 | 7,998 |
| XX. World Sick Day | October 16, 2012 | 8,999 |
| 50th World Day of Prayer | 15 October 2013 | 5,999 |
| 48th World Social Communication Day | October 14, 2014 | 5,999 |
| 10th year of death of St. John Paul II | October 6, 2015 | 6,999 |
| World Youth Day - Krakow 2016 | October 13, 2016 | 5,500 |
| 25th World Sick Day 2017 | 5th October 2017 | 5,500 |
Material: 917 gold - diameter: 13.85 mm - weight: 3 g
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| Sedis vacancy 2013 | 3rd June 2013 | 5,000 |
| baptism | June 10, 2014 | 4,000 |
| baptism | June 18, 2015 | 4,000 |
| baptism | 2nd June 2016 | 3,000 |
| baptism | June 1, 2017 | 3,000 |
20 and 50 euros
- 20 euros Material: 917 gold - Diameter: 21 mm - Weight: 6 g
- 50 euros Material: 917 gold - Diameter: 28 mm - Weight: 15 g
| Motif 20 euros | Motif 50 euros | Issue date | Edition of 20 euros | Edition of 50 euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Row: Roots of Faith | ||||
| Noah's Ark | Abraham's Sacrifice | December 16, 2002 | 2,800 | 2,800 |
| The birth of Moses | The Ten Commandments to Moses | October 14, 2003 | 2,800 | 2,800 |
| David and Goliath | The Solomonic Judgment | October 28, 2004 | 3,050 | 3,050 |
| Series: The Sacraments of Christian Initiation | ||||
| Baptism | December 6, 2005 | 3,046 | 3,044 | |
| Confirmation | November 9, 2006 | 3,326 | 3,324 | |
| The Eucharist | October 23, 2007 | 3,426 | 3,424 | |
| Series: Masterpieces of Sculpture in the Vatican City | ||||
| Torso from the Belvedere | Pietà | October 15, 2008 | 2,930 | 2,930 |
| The Good Shepherd | Laocoon group | November 18, 2009 | 2,934 | 2,930 |
| Apollo from the Belvedere | Augustus from Prima Porta | October 12, 2010 | 3,050 | 3,050 |
| Row: The restored Pauline Chapel | ||||
| The crucifixion of St. Peter | October 18, 2011 | 3,050 | 2,700 | |
| The conversion of St. Paul | October 16, 2012 | 3,000 | 2,500 | |
| Series: Renaissance | ||||
| Julius II | Leo X. | 15 October 2013 | 2,400 | 2,300 |
| 450th anniversary of Michelangelo's death | October 14, 2014 | 2,400 | 2,300 | |
| Row: pilgrimage churches | ||||
| Papal Shrine of Our Lady of the Rosary of Pompei | October 6, 2015 | 2,400 | 2,300 | |
| Papal Sanctuary of the Holy House of Loreto | October 13, 2016 | 1,900 | 1,800 | |
| Papal Basilica of St Anthony of Padua | 5th October 2017 | 1,900 | 1,800 | |
- 20 euros Material: 925 silver - diameter: 36 mm - weight: 26 g - only in mirror finish - set of current coins
- 50 euros material: 917 gold - diameter: 28 mm - weight: 15 g - only in the mirror-gloss coin set
| Motif 20 euros | Motif 50 euros | Issue date | Edition of 20 euros | Edition of 50 euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 years of the Vatican euro | April 20, 2012 | 13,000 | 2,000 | |
| 200th year of birth of Giuseppe Verdi | 200th year of birth of Richard Wagner | April 15, 2013 | 11,000 | 2,000 |
| Canonization John XXIII | Canonization John Paul II | March 3, 2014 | 8,000 | 2,000 |
| Francis in Fatima | Jesus and children | March 16, 2015 | 10,000 | 2,000 |
| Holy Year of Mercy | March 3, 2016 | 8,500 | 1,500 | |
| archangel | Maria untying the knot from Augsburg | 2nd March 2017 | 8,500 | 1,500 |
| Abraham | Saint Francis | March 8, 2018 | 8,500 | 1,430 |
100 euros
Material: 917 gold - diameter: 35 mm - weight: 30 g
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| Row: The Sistine Chapel | ||
| The creation of man | June 24, 2008 | 960 |
| The expulsion from paradise | June 15, 2009 | 998 |
| The Last Judgement | June 15, 2010 | 1,100 |
| 1st row: Raffael | ||
| The Stanza di Eliodoro | June 7, 2011 | 1,100 |
| Madonna di Foligno | June 12, 2012 | 999 |
| The Sistine Madonna | September 10, 2013 | 999 |
| Series: The Evangelists | ||
| Markus | June 10, 2014 | 999 |
| Matthew | June 8, 2015 | 999 |
| Luke | 2nd June 2016 | 799 |
| John | June 1, 2017 | 799 |
200 euros
Material: 917 gold - diameter: 38.5 mm - weight: 40 g
| theme | Issue date | Edition |
|---|---|---|
| Series: The Cardinal Virtues | ||
| Faith | December 6, 2012 | 499 |
| hope | 5th December 2013 | 499 |
| Charity | 4th December 2014 | 499 |
| wisdom | 3rd December 2015 | 499 |
| justice | December 6, 2016 | 499 |
| bravery | December 6, 2017 | 499 |
See also
Web links
- Official Journal of the European Union : Images and description of the second series of embossing
- Official Journal of the European Union: Pictures and description of the third series of embossing
- Overview of all 2 euro coins with pictures and additional information in several languages
- Archives of the Office for Philately and Numismatics
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monetary Agreement between the Italian Republic and the Vatican City State, represented by the Holy See , accessed April 15, 2014
- ^ Decision of the Council to amend the currency agreement with the Vatican City State.Retrieved on April 15, 2014
- ^ Currency Agreement between the European Union and the Vatican City State , accessed on April 14, 2014
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt from July 23, 2010
- ↑ Die Presse, July 22, 2010
- ↑ Recommendation of the Commission of 19 December 2008 on common guidelines for the national pages and the issue of euro coins intended for circulation (announced under file number K (2008) 8625). December 19, 2008 , accessed January 29, 2013 .
- ↑ Regulation (EU) No. 651/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of July 4, 2012 on the issue of euro coins , accessed on January 29, 2013
- ↑ Signet of Guido Veroi and Uliana Pernazza.Retrieved September 22, 2014
- ^ Signet by Daniela Longo.Retrieved September 22, 2014
- ^ Signet by Maria Angela Cassol.Retrieved September 22, 2014
- ↑ Signet by Luciana De Simoni.Retrieved September 22, 2014
- ↑ Signet of Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini Accessed on September 22, 2014
- ^ Signet by Maria Carmela Colaneri.Retrieved September 22, 2014
- ↑ Signet by Daniela Longo, 3rd series of embossing.Retrieved on September 22, 2014
- ↑ Signet by Luciana De Simoni, 3rd series. Accessed on September 22, 2014
- ↑ Quoting from Matthew 16: The Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven , accessed on March 1, 2017.
- ^ Tuberose in the papal coat of arms , accessed on February 20, 2017
- ↑ Münzscan 2 Euro commemorative coin 2004 Vatican City: State foundation , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2004 / C 321/03, December 28, 2004) , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2004: 75th anniversary of the founding of the State of Vatican City , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2-euro commemorative coin 2005 Vatican City: World Youth Day in Cologne , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2005 / C 283/07, November 16, 2005) , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2005: XX. World Youth Day in Cologne , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2-euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2006 , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2006 / C 260/06, October 28, 2006) , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2006: 500 Years of the Pontifical Swiss Guard , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 euro commemorative coin 2007 Vatican City: Benedict XVI. , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2007 / C 233/08, October 5, 2007) , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2007: 80th birthday of Pope Benedict XVI. , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2008 Pauline Year , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2008 / C 228/06, September 5, 2008) , accessed on November 3, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2008: Year of the Apostle Paul , accessed November 3, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2009 Astronomy , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2009 / C 204/05, 29 August 2009) , accessed on 4 November 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2009: International Year of Astronomy , accessed November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2010 Year of Priests , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2010 / C 212/03, August 5, 2010) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2010: Year of Priests , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2-euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2011 Madrid , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2011 / C 301/06, October 12, 2011) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2011: commemorative coin XXVI. World Youth Day - Madrid 2011 , accessed November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 Euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2012 Milan , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2012 / C 313/04, October 17, 2012) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2012: Commemorative coin VII World Meeting of Families - Milan 2012 , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2013 Sedisvakanz , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2013 / C 265/06, September 14, 2013) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2013: Commemorative coin Sede vacante MMXIII , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan 2 Euro commemorative coin Vatican City 2013 Rio , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2013 / C 265/05, September 14, 2013) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2013: XXVIII. World Youth Day in Rio de Janeiro , accessed November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatikanstadt 2014: 25 Years Fall of the Berlin Wall , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2014 / C 360/03, October 11, 2014) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Vatican City 2014: 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2015: VIII. World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2015 / C 255/02, August 4, 2015) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2015: VIII. World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2016: Gendarmerie , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2016 / C 146/09, April 26, 2016) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2016: 200 years of the Gendarmerie Corps of the Vatican City , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2016: Mercy , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2016 / C 146/10, April 26, 2016) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2016: Holy Year of Mercy , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2017: Peter & Paul , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2017 / C 120/07, April 13, 2017) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2017: 1950th anniversary of the martyrdom of Saint Peter and Saint Paul , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Coin scan Vatican City 2017: Fatima , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2017 / C 321/06, September 28, 2017) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2017: 100 years of the apparitions of Fatima , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2018: Cultural Heritage , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2018 / C 133/04, April 16, 2018) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2018: European Year of Cultural Heritage , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2018: Padre Pio , accessed on October 4, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2018 / C 400/07, November 6, 2018) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2018: 50th anniversary of the death of Padre Pio , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2019: 90 Years Vatican City State , accessed on January 8, 2020
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2019 / C 192/12, June 7, 2019) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2019: 90th Anniversary of the State of Vatican City , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Münzscan Vatican City 2019: Sistine Chapel , accessed on January 8, 2020
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2019 / C 356/06, October 21, 2019) , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2019: 25 years of restoration of the Sistine Chapel , accessed on November 4, 2019
- ^ Coin image Vatican City 2020: John Paul II , accessed on June 23, 2020
- ↑ Official Journal of the European Union: New national side of the euro coins in circulation (2020 / C 163/04, May 12, 2020) , accessed on May 12, 2020
- ↑ Commemorative coin Vatican City 2020: 100th birthday of St. John Paul II , accessed on November 21, 2019
