Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking

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Carl Friedrich von Wiebekingch, copper engraving by Anton Wachsmann 1801, after a portrait by Jacob Ernst Schneeberger

Carl Friedrich Wiebeking , 1808 Knights of Wiebeking , (* 25. July 1762 in Wollin ( Pomerania ); † 28. May 1842 in Munich ) was a German architect , hydraulic engineering - engineers and surveyors .

Life

The son of a pharmacist and later senator, at the age of 15, drew a "floor plan of the town of Cammin and its situations" and a year later in Altdamm a "map of the area near Treuenbritzen". From 1779 he worked under Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau on the map of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . He then carried out measurements in the Netzedistrikt and in Pomerania and in 1785/1786 in the Thuringian duchies of Saxony-Gotha and Saxony-Weimar . In 1786 he drew a map of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , which was published by Count Schmettau from 1788. It is considered to be his best cartographic achievement.

In the same year he went to Düsseldorf . Elector Karl Theodor of the Palatinate appointed him in 1788 as the Electoral Palatinate hydraulic engineer in the Duchy of Berg , of which he also made a map consisting of four sheets and measuring 182 × 116 cm. The scale is given in Rhineland Ruthen and is about 1: 50,000. The size of the scale provided enough space for the numerous natural and cultural landscape information that had been unique to this area up until then. In 1790 he moved to Darmstadt , where he headed the inspection of the Rhine correction as the Grand Ducal Hessian Tax Council . With the precise maps he created based on his own measurements, he laid the foundations for the regulations of the Upper Rhine carried out in the 19th century . The Baden engineer Johann Gottfried Tulla , who directed the straightening of the Rhine, was at times his student.

After that, from 1802 he was employed as an imperial-royal councilor for building matters in Vienna for three years . Here he worked on various projects such as making the March in Moravia navigable and the expansion of the ports in Trieste , Venice and Fiume , some of which were only tackled after he left Vienna. Wiebeking was involved in the construction of the road from Rijeka to Zagreb .

Memorial plaque on the bridge over the Inn near Rosenheim

From 1805 to 1817 Wiebeking was the Royal General Director of the entire Bavarian water, bridge and road construction industry. Here he directed the regulation of the southern Bavarian rivers such as the Isar between 1806 and 1811 and the Inn . He also worked on the regulation of the Danube between Lauingen and Dillingen and the redesign of the port of Lindau in 1811 and 1812. Wiebeering's merits also included the construction of 25 highways in Bavaria between 1805 and 1817. He designed 40 between 1806 and 1813 erected larger wooden bridges with wide openings, which allow unhindered passage for river boats and should not be vulnerable to drift ice and wood. The Bamberg Regnitz Bridge from 1809 was the largest wooden arch bridge of its time with a span of 72 meters.

In 1797 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . From 1804 he was a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences and from 1807 a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1808 he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown , which was associated with the elevation to the personal nobility. In 1816 he was accepted into the Academy of Non-Profit Science in Erfurt . In 1817 he gave up his offices after the dismissal of Minister Maximilian von Montgelas and retired the following year. Until his death he published numerous works on the building industry and the history of architecture.

Works

Wiebeking map of the Principality of Ratzeburg

literature

  • Wiebeking  1). In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 19 . Altenburg 1865, p. 167 ( zeno.org ).
  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Wiebeking, Karl Friedrich Ritter von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 55th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1887, p. 281 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Siegmund Günther:  Wiebeking, Carl Friedrich von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 55, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1910, pp. 659-661.
  • Wilhelm Güthling: Karl Friedrich Wiebeking. In: Pomeranian Life Pictures III. Saunier, Stettin 1939, pp. 191-203.
  • Wiebeking, Friedrich. In: Grete Grewolls (Ed.): Who was who in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania? A dictionary of persons. Edition Temmen, Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-86108-282-9 , p. 466.
  • Uwe Schwarz: Wiebeering's hydraulic engineering using the example of the Rhine. In: 8th Cartography History Colloquium Bern 1996. Lectures and reports. Edited by Wolfgang Scharfe in conjunction with the “History of Cartography” working group of the German Society for Cartography and the DA-CH working group of German, Austrian and Swiss cartography historians. Murten 2000 (special issue no. 16 of the specialist journal Cartographica Helvetica, ISSN  1422-3392 ), pp. 41-44.
  • Sergej G. Fedorov: Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking and the building industry in Russia 1800–1840. On the history of German-Russian architectural relations 1800–1840 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-422-06506-7 .
  • Lutz Kreßner: Digital analysis of the accuracy as well as the recording and display quality of old maps from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania - shown in the map series of Wiebeking (approx. 1786) and Schmettau (approx. 1788) . Dissertation, University of Rostock 2009. urn: nbn: de: gbv: 28-diss2009-0183-3 .

Web links

Commons : Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Maybe Treuenbrietzen ? Difficult to check without individual evidence.
  2. ↑ Uwe Schwarz: Cologne and its surroundings in old maps. From the Eifel map to the general staff map (1550 to 1897). Emons Verlag , Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-89705-343-8 , pp. 78, 79 (card 29), p. 135 (documentation card 29).
  3. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 258.
  4. ^ List of former members since 1666: Letter W. Académie des sciences, accessed on March 15, 2020 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Wiebeking, Carl Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wiebeking, Carl Friedrich Ritter von (full name); Wiebeking, Carl Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, hydraulic engineer and land surveyor
DATE OF BIRTH July 25, 1762
PLACE OF BIRTH Wollin
DATE OF DEATH May 28, 1842
Place of death Munich