Zawidy

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Zawidy
Zawidy does not have a coat of arms
Zawidy (Poland)
Zawidy
Zawidy
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Kętrzyn
Gmina : Reszel
Geographic location : 54 ° 1 '  N , 21 ° 6'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 1 '28 "  N , 21 ° 6' 19"  E
Height : 112 m npm
Residents : 169 (2007)
Postal code : 11-440
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NKE
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 593 : Miłakowo - Dobre Miasto - Jeziorany - Ryn Reszelski ↔ Mnichowo - Reszel
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Zawidy ( German  Soweiden ) is a village in Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It forms a Schulzenamt ( Sołectwo ) in the municipality of Reszel (Rößel) in the Powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ).

geography

Geographical location

Zawidy is located in northern Poland, about 35 kilometers south of the state border with the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast . Reszel is about four kilometers northeast , Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) . Two kilometers east is the village of Mnichowo (Groß Mönsdorf) , two kilometers west of Kominki (Komienen) .

history

Located today Zawidy in 1364 after been Kulm law . Its name goes on the pruzzischen personal names Sowiden back. A few years later, the village mayor Konrad Ekardi asked the Warmian bishop to confirm and extend the local rights, which were granted. During the equestrian war from 1519 to 1521, the village remained undestroyed in contrast to most of the surrounding villages. In 1608 the village received the right to run a tavern. In 1783 there was a school in the village. The condition of the school building was bad, so that at the end of the 18th century 40 thalers and timber were made available for the construction of a new building. At that time the teacher was earning 60 thalers a year as well as some natural produce.

On July 9, 1874, the district of Soweiden was formed from the rural communities of Groß Mönsdorf , Rössel, Gut Vorwerk , Burggrafschaft, Samlack and Soweiden itself.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population voted in the referendums in East and West Prussia on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Soweiden, 300 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not cast any votes.

In January 1945, at the end of World War II , the Red Army took the area. As a result of the war, Soweiden became part of Poland as "Zawidy". On January 1, 1955, the village was the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Sołectwo ) in the Gromada Mnichowo , from 1957 the Gromada Reszel. In 1976 there was a four-class elementary school in Zawidy.

Population development

The village consisted of 42 buildings at the end of the 18th century, the same number was reported in 1820.

The following shows the population development of Zawidy graphically.

church

Until 1945, Soweiden was parish in the Protestant church Rößel in the church province of East Prussia in the church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Catholic St. Peter and Paul Church in Rößel in the diocese of Warmia . On the Catholic side, Zawidy still belongs to the parish in Reszel in the current Archdiocese of Warmia . The Protestant residents stick to the Johanneskirche Kętrzyn in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The provincial road 593 runs through the village . After four kilometers in an easterly direction, this flows south of Reszel near Robawy (Robawen , 1938–1945 Robaben) into Voivodeship Road 594 . In a westerly direction, the 593 meets state road 57 after about 13 kilometers , which it follows for a short time and then continues west.

The nearest international airport is Kaliningrad Airport , which is located about 100 kilometers to the northwest, however, on Russian territory, i. H. located outside the European Union. The nearest international airport on Polish territory is Lech Walesa Airport in Gdansk, about 180 kilometers to the west .

literature

  • Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda and others: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic , Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, p. 242 ( Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b page no longer available , search in web archives: Gmina Reszel, Informacje ogólne - Zawidy , October 17, 2008@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.reszel.bil-wm.pl
  2. ↑ a b c d e Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje wsi in Kętrzyn: z dziejów miasta i okolic , Olsztyn 1978, p. 242
  3. ↑ October Rolf Jehke, District Soweiden, 18, 2004
  4. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 110
  5. ↑ For 1820, 1933, 1939: Swat 1978, p. 242
    Dec. 1910: gemeindeververzeichnis.de, community directory Germany 1900 - Landkreis Rößel , accessed on October 31, 2008
    1933, 1939: Michael Rademacher: Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte von der Reichereinigung 1871 bis on reunification in 1990. Rössel district (Polish Reszel). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 2007: Gmina Reszel, Informacje ogólne - Zawidy , Oct. 17, 2008 , accessed on Oct. 31, 2008
  6. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 490