Camera and Eddie Cheever: Difference between pages

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m Took out the sentence about an underachiever. As a personal representative of Eddie Cheever this is not a common truth.
 
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{{Infobox F1 driver|
{{otheruses}}
Name = Eddie Cheever |
Image = Cheever2008.jpg|
Nationality = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United States|American]] |
Years = {{F1|1978}}, {{F1|1980}} - {{F1|1989}} |
Team(s) = [[Theodore Racing|Theodore]], [[Hesketh Racing|Hesketh]], [[Osella]], [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]], [[Ligier]], [[Renault F1|Renault]], [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]], [[Haas Lola]], [[Arrows]] |
Races = 143 (132 starts) |
Championships = 0 |
Wins = 0 |
Podiums = 9 |
Points = 70 |
Poles = 0 |
Fastest laps = 0 |
First race = [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix]] |
First win = |
Last win = |
Last race = [[1989 Australian Grand Prix]] |
}}
'''Edward "Eddie" McKay Cheever, Jr.''' (born [[January 10]], [[1958]]) is an [[United States|American]] racing driver who raced for almost thirty years in [[Formula One]], [[Sports car racing|Sports cars]], [[CART]] and the [[Indy Racing League]]. Cheever participated in 143 World Championship Formula One races and started 132, more than any other American, driving for nine different teams from 1978 through 1989. In 1997, he formed his own IRL team and won the [[Indianapolis 500]] as both owner and driver in 1998. The team now competes in sports cars.


==Beginnings==
[[Image:Camara de fotos.svg|thumb|300px|A modern [[single-lens reflex camera]]]]


Born in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], Cheever lived in [[Rome]] as a child and was introduced to motorsports at age eight when his father took him to a sports car race in [[Monza, Italy]]. He soon began racing [[Kart racing|go karts]] and won both Italian and European Karting championships at age 15. He worked his way up through the levels of European Formula racing, teaming with American [[Danny Sullivan]] in Formula Three and driving for [[Ron Dennis]] in Formula Two.
[[Image:Cam 01.jpg|right|thumb|210px|Left to right: an Agfa box camera, a Polaroid Land camera, and a Yashica 35 mm SLR]]
A '''camera''' is a device used to capture images, either as still [[photograph]]s or as sequences of moving images ([[movie]]s or [[video]]s). The term comes from the ''[[camera obscura]]'' ([[Latin]] for "dark chamber"), an early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system; the modern camera evolved from the camera obscura.


==Formula One==
Cameras may work with the light of the [[visible spectrum]] or with other portions of the [[electromagnetic spectrum]]. A camera generally consists of an enclosed hollow with an opening ([[aperture]]) at one end for [[light]] to enter, and a recording or viewing surface for capturing the light at the other end. A majority of cameras have a [[photographic lens|lens]] positioned in front of the camera's opening to gather the incoming light and focus all or part of the image on the recording surface. The diameter of the aperture is often controlled by a [[Diaphragm (optics)|diaphragm]] mechanism, but some cameras have a fixed-size aperture.
He made his F1 debut at age 20 in 1978. After failing to qualify in [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix|Argentina]], he made the grid at [[Kyalami]] for the [[South African Grand Prix]] in a [[Hesketh Racing|Hesketh]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]. An engine problem forced him to retire after just eight laps. Two seasons later, he became a regular driver for the [[Osella]] team, but finished only once in ten races. Switching teams repeatedly as he tried to climb his way up the grid, Cheever had five points-scoring finishes for the [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] team in 1981, and three podiums for [[Ligier]] the following year, including a second place at the [[1982 United States Grand Prix East]] in [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]].


[[Image:Cheever, Alfa Romeo 02.08.1985.jpg|thumb|left|Cheever driving for [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]] at the [[1985 German Grand Prix]].]]
== History ==
[[Image:Eddie Cheever 2008 Goodwood.jpg|thumb|right|Cheever driving his {{F1|1988}} [[Arrows]] A10B at the 2008 [[Goodwood Festival of Speed]].]]
{{main|History of the camera}}
[[Image:Camera obscura.jpg|thumb|210px|[[Camera obscura]].]]
THE INVENTOR OF THE FIRST CAMERA WAS VALESKA NUñEZ AND MONICA CHAMORRO
The forerunner to the camera was the [[camera obscura]]. The camera obscura is an instrument consisting of a darkened chamber or box, into which light is admitted through a convex lens, forming an image of external objects on a surface of paper or glass, etc., placed at the focus of the lens.<ref>Oxford English Dictionary.</ref> The camera obscura was first invented by the [[Iraq]]i scientist [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (Alhazen) as described in his ''Book of [[Optics]]'' (1015-1021).<ref name="Alhazen">Nicholas J. Wade, Stanley Finger (2001), "The eye as an optical instrument: from camera obscura to Helmholtz's perspective", ''Perception'' '''30''' (10), p. 1157 – 1177.</ref> Irish scientist [[Robert Boyle]] and his assistant [[Robert Hooke]] later developed a portable camera obscura in the 1660s.<ref name="Constantine">Explanatory Notes (section) of David Constantine's 1994 translation of Goethe's ''[[Elective Affinities]]'', Oxford University Press.</ref>


The 1983 season proved to be Cheever's high point in Formula One. He signed with the [[Renault F1|Renault]] team alongside Frenchman [[Alain Prost]], both of whom were among the year's Championship favorites. Cheever drove well in support of team number one Prost, earning four more podiums and 22 Championship points, but the team's disappointment after losing both the Driver's and Constructor's titles late in the season brought about the replacement of both Cheever and Prost. In six more seasons, he never drove another truly competitive F1 car. His final podium finish in Formula One came in his hometown of Phoenix at the first USGP event there when he finished third for the [[Arrows]] team. This was the last time an American driver raced in a USGP until 2006, when [[Scott Speed]] ran for [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]].
The first camera that was small and portable enough to be practical for photography was built by [[Johann Zahn]] in 1685, though it would be almost 150 years before technology caught up to the point where this was practical. Early photographic cameras were essentially similar to Zahn's model, though usually with the addition of sliding boxes for focusing. Before each exposure, a sensitized plate would be inserted in front of the viewing screen to record the image. [[Jacques Daguerre]]'s popular [[daguerreotype]] process utilized [[copper]] plates, while the [[calotype]] process invented by [[William Fox Talbot]] recorded images on [[paper]].
[[Image:Tartan Ribbon.jpg|thumb|left|The first permanent colour photograph, taken by James Clerk Maxwell in 1861.]]
The first permanent [[photograph]] was made in 1826 by [[Joseph Nicéphore Niépce]] using a sliding wooden box camera made by Charles and Vincent Chevalier in [[Paris]]. Niépce built on a discovery by [[Johann Heinrich Schultz]] (1724): a silver and chalk mixture darkens under exposure to light. However, while this was the birth of [[photography]], the camera itself can be traced back much further. Before the invention of photography, there was no way to preserve the images produced by these cameras apart from manually tracing them.


In all, he participated in 143 Grands Prix, achieved 9 podiums, and scored a total of 70 championship points.
The development of the [[collodion]] wet plate process by [[Frederick Scott Archer]] in 1850 cut exposure times dramatically, but required photographers to prepare and develop their [[glass]] plates on the spot, usually in a mobile [[darkroom]]. Despite their complexity, the wet-plate [[ambrotype]] and [[tintype]] processes were in widespread use in the latter half of the 19th century. Wet plate cameras were little different from previous designs, though there were some models, such as the sophisticated Dubroni of 1864, where the sensitizing and developing of the plates could be carried out inside the camera itself rather than in a separate darkroom. Other cameras were fitted with multiple lenses for making [[carte de visite|cartes de visite]]. It was during the wet plate era that the use of [[bellows (photography)|bellows]] for focusing became widespread.
[[Image:The Corkscrew.jpg|thumb|left|Cheever driving for [[Chip Ganassi Racing]] at [[Laguna Seca]] in 1991]]


==CART==
The first colour photograph was made by Scottish physicist [[James Clerk Maxwell]], with the help of English inventor and photographer [[Thomas Sutton (photographer)|Thomas Sutton]], in 1861<ref>{{cite book|author=Mahon, Basil |title=The Man Who Changed Everything – the Life of James Clerk Maxwell|location=Hoboken, NJ | publisher=Wiley|year=2003|id=ISBN}}</ref>
{{Infobox racing driver
| last series = [[CART]] World Series
| years active = 1986, 1990-1995
| teams = [[Arciero Racing]]<br>[[Chip Ganassi Racing]]<br>[[Team Menard]]<br>[[King Motorsports]]<br>[[Turley Motorsports]]<br>[[A. J. Foyt Enterprises]]
| starts = 82
| wins = 0
| poles = 0
| fastest laps =
| best finish = 9th
| year = 1990, 1991
| awards = CART Rookie of the Year
| award years = 1990
}}
From 1986 to 1988, while still driving in Formula One, Cheever won ten sports car races for [[Jaguar (car)|Jaguar]]. In 1990 he moved to the US to drive for Chip Ganassi Racing in the CART series. In his first attempt at the Indianapolis 500, he finished eighth and was named Rookie of the Year. In 1992, he qualified second for the race and finished fourth. In total, he scored four podium finishes in the series, but never won. Driving for A.J. Foyt, Cheever came closest to victory at Nazareth in 1995; he was leading the race on the last lap when he ran out of fuel.


==Indianapolis 500 and Indy Racing League==
== Mechanics ==
{{Infobox racing driver
| last series = [[Indy Racing League]] [[IndyCar Series]]
| years active = 1996-2002, 2006
| teams = [[Team Menard]]<br>[[Cheever Racing]]
| starts = 77
| wins = 5
| poles = 1
| fastest laps =
| best finish = 3rd
| year = [[1996-1997 in IRL|1996-1997]], [[2000 in IRL|2000]]
| awards = Indianapolis 500 winner
| award years = [[1998 Indianapolis 500|1998]]
}}
In 1996 the [[Indy Racing League]] started racing, and Cheever moved there from CART. Cheever ran for [[Team Menard]] for the first two races in 1996, and at the [[1996 Indianapolis 500]], he set the fastest race lap to date at 236.103 mph[http://www.indy500.com/modules/pdf/stats/Fastest%20Race%20Lap%20(1951-present).pdf]. Cheever then set up his own team, [[Cheever Racing]] and had his first race as a driver/owner at [[New Hampshire International Speedway]] in August of that year.


In 1998, all the pieces came together for Cheever when he took the biggest win of his career as both a driver and owner, the first to do so since [[A.J. Foyt]]'s win in 1977. He started from 17th position and led 76 of 200 laps to win the Indianapolis 500, despite sliding in the first turn of the race's first lap, helping bring out the race's first caution period.
=== Image capture ===


Cheever's IRL team, active until July 2006, ran cars for [[Alex Barron (driver)|Alex Barron]] and [[Patrick Carpentier]] in 2005. Having hung up his helmet in 2002, except for occasional instances such as the 2006 [[24 Hours of Daytona]] where he competed in the first race with his new [[Grand American Road Racing Association|Grand-Am]] series team, Eddie announced on [[February 21]] he would come out of retirement to run his own car in the IRL's first four races, including the Indianapolis 500. He shut his team down after the 8th race of the season due to lack of sponsorship. The team continues to compete in the Grand-Am [[Rolex Sports Car Series]].
[[Image:Studijskifotoaparat.JPG|thumb|right|200px|19th century studio camera, with bellows for focusing.]]


Currently, Cheever is providing television commentary on ABC and ESPN for the [[2008 Indianapolis 500]].
Traditional cameras capture light onto [[photographic film]] or [[photographic plate]]. [[video camera|Video]] and [[digital camera]]s use [[electronics]], usually a [[charge coupled device]] (CCD) or sometimes a [[CMOS]] sensor to capture images which can be transferred or stored in tape or [[random Access Memory|computer memory]] inside the camera for later playback or [[digital image processing|processing]].


==GP Masters==
Cameras that capture many images in sequence are known as [[movie camera]]s or as ciné cameras in [[Europe]]; those designed for single images are [[still camera]]s. However these categories overlap, as still cameras are often used to capture moving images in [[special effects]] work and modern [[digital camera]]s are often able to trivially switch between still and motion recording modes. A [[video camera]] is a category of movie camera that captures images electronically (either using analogue or digital technology).
[[Image:Cheever_GP_Masters.JPG|thumb|left|300px|Eddie Cheever, Silverstone GP Masters, 2006.]]
In 2005 Cheever competed in the [[GP Masters]] series which is open to former Formula One drivers over the age of 45. In the championship's first ever event at [[Kyalami]] International Raceway in [[South Africa]], Cheever finished in 8th position[http://www.gpmasters.com/news_131105final.htm]. Cheever finished 4th in the 2nd [[GP Masters]] race on April 29, 2006 at the [[Losail International Raceway ]] in [[Qatar]] [http://www.gpmasters.com/news_qatar_dayrace.htm].


In the 3rd GP Masters race on August 13, 2006 at the [[Silverstone]] Circuit in [[England]], he took the victory under wet track conditions [http://www.gpmasters.com/news_130806_race.htm].
=== Focus ===


==Career statistics==
[[Image:Coco Peru is told its show time by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|left|Auto-focus systems can capture a subject a variety of ways; here, the focus is on the person's image in the mirror.]]
===Complete World Championship Formula One results===
([[:Template:F1 driver results legend 2|key]])
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
! Year
! Entrant
! Chassis
! Engine
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! WDC
! Points
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1978 Formula One season|1978]]
! [[Theodore Racing|Theodore Racing Hong Kong]]
! [[Theodore Racing|Theodore]] [[Theodore TR1|TR1]]
! [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]]
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1978 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| NC
!rowspan="2"| 0
|-
! [[Olympus Corporation|Olympus Cameras]] [[Hesketh Racing]]
! [[Hesketh Racing|Hesketh]] [[Hesketh 308|308E]]
! [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]]
|
|
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1978 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
| [[1978 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1978 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small></small>
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1980 Formula One season|1980]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Osella|Osella Squadra Corse]]
! [[Osella]] [[Osella FA1|FA1]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]]
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1980 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1980 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1980 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1980 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| 27th
!rowspan="2"| 0
|-
! [[Osella]] [[Osella FA1|FA1B]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1980 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>12</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1980 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|
|
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1981 Formula One season|1981]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Tyrrell Racing|Team Tyrrell]]
! [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] [[Tyrrell 010|010]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]]
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1981 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]<br /><small>5</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1981 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>NC</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1981 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1981 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1981 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1981 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>5</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1981 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small>NC</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1981 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>13</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1981 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>4</small>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| 12th
!rowspan="2"| 10
|-
! [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] [[Tyrrell 011|011]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1981 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>5</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1981 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1981 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1981 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1981 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>12</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1981 Las Vegas Grand Prix|LVS]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1982 Formula One season|1982]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Ligier|Equipe]] [[Talbot]] [[Gitanes]]
! [[Ligier]] [[Ligier JS17|JS17]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Matra]] [[V12 engine|V12]]
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
| [[1982 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1982 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>3</small>
|
|bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[1982 United States Grand Prix East|USE]]<br /><small>2</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1982 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>10</small>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| 12th
!rowspan="2"| 15
|-
! [[Ligier]] [[Ligier JS19|JS19]]
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|
|
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1982 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1982 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>16</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1982 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1982 Swiss Grand Prix|SUI]]<br /><small>NC</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1982 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1982 Las Vegas Grand Prix|LVS]]<br /><small>3</small>
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1983 Formula One season|1983]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Renault F1|Equipe Renault]] [[Elf Aquitaine|Elf]]
! [[Renault F1|Renault]] [[Renault RE30|RE30C]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Renault]] [[V6 engine|V6]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1983 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]<br /><small>13</small>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| 6th
!rowspan="2"| 22
|-
! [[Renault F1|Renault]] [[Renault RE40|RE40]]
|
|
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1983 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>3</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1983 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>3</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 United States Grand Prix East|USE]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[1983 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>2</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1983 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>4</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1983 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1983 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>3</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1983 European Grand Prix|EUR]]<br /><small>10</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1983 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>6</small>
|
|-
! [[1984 Formula One season|1984]]
! [[Benetton Group|Benetton]] [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Team Alfa Romeo]]
! [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]] [[Alfa Romeo 184T|184T]]
! [[Alfa Romeo]] [[V8 engine|V8]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1984 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>4</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1984 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1984 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1984 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>11</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 United States Grand Prix East|USE]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1984 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>13</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1984 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>9</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1984 European Grand Prix|EUR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1984 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small>17</small>
! 16th
! 3
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1985 Formula One season|1985]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Benetton Group|Benetton]] [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Team Alfa Romeo]]
! [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]] [[Alfa Romeo 185T|185T]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Alfa Romeo]] [[V8 engine|V8]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1985 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>17</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1985 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>9</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1985 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>10</small>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
!rowspan="2"| 26th
!rowspan="2"| 0
|-
! [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]] [[Alfa Romeo 184T|184TB]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1985 European Grand Prix|EUR]]<br /><small>11</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1985 Australian Grand Prix|AUS]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|-
! [[1986 Formula One season|1986]]
! [[Haas Lola]]
! [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]] [[Lola THL-1|THL-1]]
! [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[V6 engine|V6]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
| [[1986 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small></small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1986 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
| [[1986 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Hungarian Grand Prix|HUN]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Mexican Grand Prix|MEX]]<br /><small></small>
| [[1986 Australian Grand Prix|AUS]]<br /><small></small>
! NC
! 0
|-
! [[1987 Formula One season|1987]]
! [[Arrows|US F&G Arrows]] [[Megatron (engine)|Megatron]]
! [[Arrows]] [[Arrows A10|A10]]
! [[Megatron (engine)|Megatron]] [[Straight-4]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1987 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>4</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1987 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1987 Hungarian Grand Prix|HUN]]<br /><small>8</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1987 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1987 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small>8</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1987 Mexican Grand Prix|MEX]]<br /><small>4</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1987 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]<br /><small>9</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1987 Australian Grand Prix|AUS]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
! 10th
! 8
|-
!rowspan="2"| [[1988 Formula One season|1988]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Arrows|US F&G Arrows]] [[Megatron (engine)|Megatron]]
! [[Arrows]] [[Arrows A10|A10B]]
!rowspan="2"| [[Megatron (engine)|Megatron]] [[Straight-4]] [[Turbocharged|(t/c)]]
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1988 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>8</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1988 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1988 Mexican Grand Prix|MEX]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1988 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>11</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1988 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1988 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>10</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Hungarian Grand Prix|HUN]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1988 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>6</small>
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1988 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>3</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|
!rowspan="2"| 12th
!rowspan="2"| 6
|-
! [[Arrows]] [[Arrows A10|A10]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1988 Australian Grand Prix|AUS]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|-
! [[1989 Formula One season|1989]]
! [[Arrows|US F&G Arrows]]
! [[Arrows]] [[Arrows A11|A11]]
! [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV#DFR|Cosworth DFR]]
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 San Marino Grand Prix|SMR]]<br /><small>9</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 Mexican Grand Prix|MEX]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[1989 United States Grand Prix|USA]]<br /><small>3</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 French Grand Prix|FRA]]<br /><small>7</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1989 British Grand Prix|GBR]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 German Grand Prix|GER]]<br /><small>12</small>
|bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[1989 Hungarian Grand Prix|HUN]]<br /><small>5</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#FFCFCF"| [[1989 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]<br /><small>DNQ</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Portuguese Grand Prix|POR]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
|bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[1989 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]<br /><small>8</small>
|bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[1989 Australian Grand Prix|AUS]]<br /><small>Ret</small>
! 11th
! 6
|}


===CART career results===
Due to the optical properties of [[photographic lens]]es, only objects within a limited range of distances from the camera will be reproduced clearly. The process of adjusting this range is known as changing the camera's focus. There are various ways of focusing a camera accurately. The simplest cameras have [[Focus free lens|fixed focus]] and use a small aperture and wide-angle lens to ensure that everything within a certain range of distance from the [[photographic lens|lens]], usually around 3 metres (10 ft) to infinity, is in reasonable focus. Fixed focus cameras are usually inexpensive types, such as single-use cameras. The camera can also have a limited focusing range or [[scale-focus]] that is indicated on the camera body. The user will guess or calculate the distance to the subject and adjust the focus accordingly. On some cameras this is indicated by symbols (head-and-shoulders; two people standing upright; one tree; mountains).
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Year
! Team
! Wins
! Points
! Championship Finish
|-
| 1986
| [[Arciero Racing]]
| 0
| 0
| Unclassified
|-
| 1990
| [[Chip Ganassi Racing]]
| 0
| 80
| 9th
|-
| 1991
| [[Chip Ganassi Racing]]
| 0
| 91
| 9th
|-
| 1992
| [[Chip Ganassi Racing]]
| 0
| 80
| 10th
|-
| 1993
| [[Team Menard|Menard]]/[[King Motorsports|King]]/Turley
| 0
| 21
| 17th
|-
| 1994
| [[Team Menard|Menard]]/[[A. J. Foyt Enterprises|Foyt]]
| 0
| 5
| 27th
|-
| 1995
| [[Foyt Enterprises]]
| 0
| 33
| 18th
|}


Best race finish: 2nd ([[Phoenix International Raceway|Phoenix]] - 1992), best championship result: 9th
[[Rangefinder camera]]s allow the distance to objects to be measured by means of a coupled parallax unit on top of the camera, allowing the focus to be set with accuracy. [[Single-lens reflex camera]]s allow the photographer to determine the focus and composition visually using the objective lens and a moving mirror to project the image onto a [[ground glass]] or plastic micro-prism screen. [[Twin-lens reflex camera]]s use an objective lens and a focusing lens unit (usually identical to the objective lens) in a parallel body for composition and focusing. [[View camera]]s use a ground glass screen which is removed and replaced by either a photographic plate or a reusable holder containing [[sheet film]] before exposure. Modern cameras often offer [[autofocus]] systems to focus the camera automatically by a variety of methods.<ref> [http://travel.howstuffworks.com/autofocus.htm Auto focus] - How Stuff Works</ref>


=== Exposure control ===
===IRL IndyCar career results===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Year
! Team
! Wins
! Poles
! Points
! Championship Finish
|-
| [[1996 in IRL|1996]]
| [[Team Menard]]
| 0
| 0
| 49
| 16th
|-
| [[1996-1997 in IRL|1996-1997]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 1
| 0
| 230
| 3rd
|-
| [[1998 in IRL|1998]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 1
| 0
| 222
| 9th
|-
| [[1999 in IRL|1999]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 1
| 0
| 222
| 7th
|-
| [[2000 in IRL|2000]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 1
| 0
| 257
| 3rd
|-
| [[2001 in IRL|2001]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 1
| 0
| 261
| 8th
|-
| [[2002 in IRL|2002]]
| [[Team Cheever]]
| 0
| 1
| 280
| 10th
|-
| [[2006 in IRL|2006]]
| [[Cheever Racing]]
| 0
| 0
| 114
| 19th
|}


{| class="wikitable"
The size of the aperture and the brightness of the scene controls the amount of light that enters the camera during a period of time, and the [[shutter (photography)|shutter]] controls the length of time that the light hits the recording surface. Equivalent exposures can be made with a larger aperture and a faster shutter speed or a corresponding smaller aperture and with the shutter speed slowed down.
|-
! Wins
! Poles
! Best Championship Finish
! Career Points
|-
| 5
| 1
| 3rd (1996-1997, 2000)
| 1635
|-
|}


===Indy 500 results===
== Image gallery ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Year
! Chassis
! Engine
! Start
! Finish
|-
| [[1990 Indianapolis 500|1990]]
| [[Penske Racing|Penske]]
| [[Chevrolet]]
| 14th
| 8th
|-
| [[1991 Indianapolis 500|1991]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Chevrolet]]
| 10th
| 31st
|-
| [[1992 Indianapolis 500|1992]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Ford-Cosworth]]
| 2nd
| 4th
|-
| [[1993 Indianapolis 500|1993]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Buick]]
| 33rd
| 16th
|-
| [[1994 Indianapolis 500|1994]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Buick]]
| 11th
| 8th
|-
| [[1995 Indianapolis 500|1995]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Ford-Cosworth]]
| 14th
| 31st
|-
| [[1996 Indianapolis 500|1996]]
| [[Lola Racing Cars|Lola]]
| [[Team Menard|Menard]]-[[Buick]]
| 4th
| 11th
|-
| [[1997 Indianapolis 500|1997]]
| [[Panoz|G-Force]]
| [[Oldsmobile]]
| 11th
| 23rd
|-
| [[1998 Indianapolis 500|1998]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Oldsmobile]]
| 17th
| '''1st'''
|-
| [[1999 Indianapolis 500|1999]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Infiniti]]
| 16th
| 18th
|-
| [[2000 Indianapolis 500|2000]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Infiniti]]
| 10th
| 5th
|-
| [[2001 Indianapolis 500|2001]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Infiniti]]
| 26th
| 25th
|-
| [[2002 Indianapolis 500|2002]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Infiniti]]
| 6th
| 5th
|-
| [[2006 Indianapolis 500|2006]]
| [[Dallara]]
| [[Honda]]
| 19th
| 13th
|}


==References==
<gallery>
Image:Contax-s.jpg|[[Contax]] S of 1949 — the world's first [[pentaprism]] [[Single-lens reflex camera|SLR]]
Image:Asahiflex600.jpg|[[Asahiflex]] IIa of 1955
Image:Retina-IIIC-600.jpg|[[Kodak Retina]] IIIC of 1957
Image:Nikonf.jpg|[[Nikon F]] of 1959 &mdash; the first 35mm [[system camera]]
Image:Voigtlander camera.jpg|Voigtländer Vitoret of 1962
Image:Flexicamnew.jpg|Silvestri Flexicam
Image:Cine kodak.jpg|Opened up Cine Kodak, used 35mm movie film
Image:Voigtlaender Brillant.jpg|Voigtländer Brillant twin-lens reflex camera.
Image:1921 Kodak.png|1921 Kodak
Image:Voigtlander Vito II Camera Digon3.jpg|1952 Voigtlander Vito II
</gallery>


* [http://www.gwb.com.au/gwb/indy/drhistec.html Eddie Cheever]
== See also ==
* [http://www.wheel2wheel.com/driverprofile.asp?driverid=201 Wheel 2 Wheel: Eddie Cheever]


=== Types ===
==External links==
{{commons}}
* [http://www.redbullcheeverracing.com/ Red Bull Cheever Racing]
* [http://www.bjwor.com/990223.html The "meteoric" rise of Eddie Cheever]


{{start box}}
* [[Digital camera]]
{{s-sports}}
* [[Movie camera]]
{{succession box | title = [[Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year]] | years = [[1990 Indianapolis 500|1990]] | before = [[Bernard Jourdain]]<br/>[[Scott Pruett]] | after = [[Jeff Andretti]]}}
* [[Pinhole camera]]
{{succession box | before = [[Bernard Jourdain]] | title = [[Champ Car|CART Rookie of the Year]] | years = [[1990 CART World Series season|1990]] | after = [[Jeff Andretti]]}}
* [[Instamatic|Pocket camera]]
{{succession box|before=[[Arie Luyendyk]]|title=[[List of Indianapolis 500 winners|Indianapolis 500 Winner]]|years=[[1998 Indianapolis 500|1998]]|after=[[Kenny Bräck]]}}
* [[Rangefinder camera]]
{{s-ach}}
* [[Single-lens reflex camera]]
{{succession box|title=[[Scott Brayton]] Award|before=[[Eliseo Salazar]]|after=[[Davey Hamilton]]|years=2000}}
* [[Toy camera]]
{{end box}}
* [[Twin-lens reflex camera]]
{{Indy 500 winners}}
* [[Video camera]]
* [[View camera]]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cheever, Eddie}}
=== Brands ===
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alfa Romeo Formula One drivers]]
[[Category:American racecar drivers]]
[[Category:American Formula One drivers]]
[[Category:European Formula Two Championship drivers]]
[[Category:Indy Racing League drivers]]
[[Category:Champ Car drivers]]
[[Category:Indy 500 drivers]]
[[Category:Indy 500 Rookie of the Year]]
[[Category:Indy 500 winners]]
[[Category:Indy Racing League owners]]
[[Category:International Race of Champions drivers]]
[[Category:People from Phoenix, Arizona]]
[[Category:Grand-Am drivers]]
[[Category:Grand Prix Masters drivers]]
[[Category:Renault Formula One drivers]]


{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
* [[AgfaPhoto]]
* [[Agilux]]
* [[Aigo]]
* [[Alpa]]
* [[Arca-Swiss]]
* [[Argus (camera company)]]
* [[Asahiflex]]
* [[Balda Kamera-Werk]]
* [[Bolex]]
* [[Braun (company)]]
* [[Bronica]]
* [[Burke & James]]
* [[Cambo Photographic Industry]]
* [[Canon (company)]]
* [[Casio]]
* [[Clairex]]
* [[Contax]]
* [[Corfield]]
{{col-break}}
* [[Coronet Camera Company]]
* [[Diana camera]]
* [[Ducati Sogno]]
* [[Eastman Kodak]]
* [[Ebony cameras]]
* [[Edixa]]
* [[Ensign Cameras]]
* [[Exakta]]
* [[FED (camera)]]
* Folmer & Schwing ([[Graflex]])
* [[Fujica]]
* [[Fujifilm]]
* [[Gami]]
* [[Gateway, Inc.]]
* [[Graflex]]
* [[Hasselblad]]
* [[Hewlett-Packard]]
* [[Holga]]
{{col-break}}
* [[Honeywell]]
* [[Horseman USA]]
* [[Ilford Photo]]
* [[Imaging Solutions Group]]
* [[Kiev-Arsenal]]
* [[Konica Minolta]]
* [[Leica Camera]]
* [[Leidolf]]
* [[Linhof]]
* [[LOMO]]
* [[Lumix]]
* [[Mamiya]]
* [[Micro Precision Products]]
* [[Minox]]
* [[Miranda Camera Company]]
* [[Mustek Systems]]
* [[Newman & Guardia]]
* [[Nikon]]
{{col-break}}
* [[Norcent]]
* [[Olympus Corporation]]
* [[Oregon Scientific]]
* [[Osaka (camera)]]
* [[Panasonic]]
* [[Pentax]]
* [[Petri Camera]]
* [[Plaubel Makina]]
* [[Polaroid Corporation]]
* [[Praktica]]
* [[Promaster (camera)]]
* [[Reid and Sigrist]]
* [[Ricoh]]
* [[Rollei]]
* [[Samsung Group]]
* [[SatuGo]]
* [[Seagull Camera]]
{{col-break}}
* [[Sigma Corporation]]
* [[Silvestri camera]]
* [[Sinar]]
* [[Sony]]
* [[Tessina]]
* [[Thornton-Pickard]]
* [[Topcon]]
* [[Traveler (camera)]]
* [[Van Oosbree]]
* [[Vivitar]]
* [[Voigtländer]]
* [[Wisner Company]]
* [[Wray (lenses)]]
* [[Yashica]]
* [[Zeiss]]
* [[Zenit (camera)]]
* [[Zorki]]
{{col-end}}


[[de:Eddie Cheever]]
=== Other ===
[[es:Eddie Cheever]]
{{Portal|Photography|Large_format_camera_lens.png}}
[[fr:Eddie Cheever]]
{{Portal|Film|Video-x-generic.svg}}
[[it:Eddie Cheever]]
* [[Flash (photography)]]
[[hu:Eddie Cheever]]
* [[Photographic filter]]
[[nl:Eddie Cheever]]
* [[Tripod (photography)]]
[[ja:エディ・チーバーJr.]]
* [[Viewfinder]]
[[pt:Eddie Cheever]]
* [[Mobile_phone_features#Video_cameras|cameras in mobile phones]]
[[ro:Eddie Cheever]]

[[ru:Чивер, Эдди]]
== References ==
[[sl:Eddie Cheever]]

[[fi:Eddie Cheever]]
<references/>
[[sv:Eddie Cheever]]

== External links ==

{{commons|Camera}}
* [http://www.camerapedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Camerapedia a free-content encyclopedia of camera information]
* [http://science.howstuffworks.com/camera.htm How camera works at How stuff works.]
* [http://www.pccgb.com/ Photographic Collectors Club]
* [http://www.photographyhistory.com/idccinfo.html Internet Directory of Camera Collectors]

{{Photography}}

[[Category:Cameras| ]]
[[Category:Photography equipment]]
[[Category:Optical devices]]

[[ar:كاميرا]]
[[bn:ক্যামেরা]]
[[bg:Фотоапарат]]
[[ca:Càmera fotogràfica]]
[[cs:Fotoaparát]]
[[cy:Camera]]
[[da:Kamera]]
[[de:Fotoapparat]]
[[et:Fotoaparaat]]
[[el:Φωτογραφική μηχανή]]
[[es:Cámara fotográfica]]
[[eo:Fotilo]]
[[eu:Argazki-kamera]]
[[fr:Appareil photographique]]
[[gl:Cámara fotográfica]]
[[ko:사진기]]
[[hi:कैमरा]]
[[io:Kamero]]
[[id:Kamera]]
[[ia:Camera photographic]]
[[is:Myndavél]]
[[it:Macchina fotografica]]
[[he:מצלמה]]
[[lb:Fotoapparat]]
[[lt:Fotoaparatas]]
[[li:Fotocamera]]
[[hu:Kamera]]
[[mk:Камера]]
[[ml:ഛായാഗ്രാഹി]]
[[ms:Kamera]]
[[my:ကင်မရာ]]
[[nl:Fotocamera]]
[[ja:カメラ]]
[[no:Kamera]]
[[nn:Fotoapparat]]
[[pl:Aparat fotograficzny]]
[[pt:Câmera]]
[[qu:Rikch'a hap'ina]]
[[ru:Фотоаппарат]]
[[sq:Fotoaparati]]
[[simple:Camera]]
[[sk:Fotoaparát]]
[[sl:Fotoaparat]]
[[fi:Kamera]]
[[sv:Kamera]]
[[tl:Kamera]]
[[ta:படம்பிடிகருவி]]
[[th:กล้องถ่ายภาพ]]
[[vi:Máy ảnh]]
[[tr:Fotoğraf makinesi]]
[[uk:Фотокамера]]
[[ur:عکاسہ]]
[[yi:קאמערא]]
[[zh-yue:相機]]
[[zh:照相機]]

Revision as of 00:49, 13 October 2008

Eddie Cheever
Formula One World Championship career
NationalityUnited States American
Active years1978, 1980 - 1989
TeamsTheodore, Hesketh, Osella, Tyrrell, Ligier, Renault, Alfa Romeo, Haas Lola, Arrows
Entries143 (132 starts)
Championships0
Wins0
Podiums9
Career points70
Pole positions0
Fastest laps0
First entry1978 Argentine Grand Prix
Last entry1989 Australian Grand Prix

Edward "Eddie" McKay Cheever, Jr. (born January 10, 1958) is an American racing driver who raced for almost thirty years in Formula One, Sports cars, CART and the Indy Racing League. Cheever participated in 143 World Championship Formula One races and started 132, more than any other American, driving for nine different teams from 1978 through 1989. In 1997, he formed his own IRL team and won the Indianapolis 500 as both owner and driver in 1998. The team now competes in sports cars.

Beginnings

Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Cheever lived in Rome as a child and was introduced to motorsports at age eight when his father took him to a sports car race in Monza, Italy. He soon began racing go karts and won both Italian and European Karting championships at age 15. He worked his way up through the levels of European Formula racing, teaming with American Danny Sullivan in Formula Three and driving for Ron Dennis in Formula Two.

Formula One

He made his F1 debut at age 20 in 1978. After failing to qualify in Argentina, he made the grid at Kyalami for the South African Grand Prix in a Hesketh-Ford. An engine problem forced him to retire after just eight laps. Two seasons later, he became a regular driver for the Osella team, but finished only once in ten races. Switching teams repeatedly as he tried to climb his way up the grid, Cheever had five points-scoring finishes for the Tyrrell team in 1981, and three podiums for Ligier the following year, including a second place at the 1982 United States Grand Prix East in Detroit.

Cheever driving for Alfa Romeo at the 1985 German Grand Prix.
Cheever driving his 1988 Arrows A10B at the 2008 Goodwood Festival of Speed.

The 1983 season proved to be Cheever's high point in Formula One. He signed with the Renault team alongside Frenchman Alain Prost, both of whom were among the year's Championship favorites. Cheever drove well in support of team number one Prost, earning four more podiums and 22 Championship points, but the team's disappointment after losing both the Driver's and Constructor's titles late in the season brought about the replacement of both Cheever and Prost. In six more seasons, he never drove another truly competitive F1 car. His final podium finish in Formula One came in his hometown of Phoenix at the first USGP event there when he finished third for the Arrows team. This was the last time an American driver raced in a USGP until 2006, when Scott Speed ran for Scuderia Toro Rosso.

In all, he participated in 143 Grands Prix, achieved 9 podiums, and scored a total of 70 championship points.

Cheever driving for Chip Ganassi Racing at Laguna Seca in 1991

CART

Eddie Cheever
CART World Series
Years active1986, 1990-1995
TeamsArciero Racing
Chip Ganassi Racing
Team Menard
King Motorsports
Turley Motorsports
A. J. Foyt Enterprises
Starts82
Wins0
Poles0
Best finish9th in 1990, 1991
Awards
1990CART Rookie of the Year

From 1986 to 1988, while still driving in Formula One, Cheever won ten sports car races for Jaguar. In 1990 he moved to the US to drive for Chip Ganassi Racing in the CART series. In his first attempt at the Indianapolis 500, he finished eighth and was named Rookie of the Year. In 1992, he qualified second for the race and finished fourth. In total, he scored four podium finishes in the series, but never won. Driving for A.J. Foyt, Cheever came closest to victory at Nazareth in 1995; he was leading the race on the last lap when he ran out of fuel.

Indianapolis 500 and Indy Racing League

Eddie Cheever
Indy Racing League IndyCar Series
Years active1996-2002, 2006
TeamsTeam Menard
Cheever Racing
Starts77
Wins5
Poles1
Best finish3rd in 1996-1997, 2000
Awards
1998Indianapolis 500 winner

In 1996 the Indy Racing League started racing, and Cheever moved there from CART. Cheever ran for Team Menard for the first two races in 1996, and at the 1996 Indianapolis 500, he set the fastest race lap to date at 236.103 mph[1]. Cheever then set up his own team, Cheever Racing and had his first race as a driver/owner at New Hampshire International Speedway in August of that year.

In 1998, all the pieces came together for Cheever when he took the biggest win of his career as both a driver and owner, the first to do so since A.J. Foyt's win in 1977. He started from 17th position and led 76 of 200 laps to win the Indianapolis 500, despite sliding in the first turn of the race's first lap, helping bring out the race's first caution period.

Cheever's IRL team, active until July 2006, ran cars for Alex Barron and Patrick Carpentier in 2005. Having hung up his helmet in 2002, except for occasional instances such as the 2006 24 Hours of Daytona where he competed in the first race with his new Grand-Am series team, Eddie announced on February 21 he would come out of retirement to run his own car in the IRL's first four races, including the Indianapolis 500. He shut his team down after the 8th race of the season due to lack of sponsorship. The team continues to compete in the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series.

Currently, Cheever is providing television commentary on ABC and ESPN for the 2008 Indianapolis 500.

GP Masters

Eddie Cheever, Silverstone GP Masters, 2006.

In 2005 Cheever competed in the GP Masters series which is open to former Formula One drivers over the age of 45. In the championship's first ever event at Kyalami International Raceway in South Africa, Cheever finished in 8th position[2]. Cheever finished 4th in the 2nd GP Masters race on April 29, 2006 at the Losail International Raceway in Qatar [3].

In the 3rd GP Masters race on August 13, 2006 at the Silverstone Circuit in England, he took the victory under wet track conditions [4].

Career statistics

Complete World Championship Formula One results

(key)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 WDC Points
1978 Theodore Racing Hong Kong Theodore TR1 Ford Cosworth DFV ARG
DNQ 		BRA
DNQ 		NC 0
Olympus Cameras Hesketh Racing Hesketh 308E Ford Cosworth DFV RSA
Ret 		USW
 MON
 BEL
 ESP
 SWE
 FRA
 GBR
 GER
 AUT
 NED
 ITA
 USA
 CAN
1980 Osella Squadra Corse Osella FA1 Ford Cosworth DFV ARG
DNQ 		BRA
DNQ 		RSA
Ret 		USW
Ret 		BEL
DNQ 		MON
DNQ 		FRA
Ret 		GBR
Ret 		GER
Ret 		AUT
Ret 		NED
Ret 		27th 0
Osella FA1B ITA
12 		CAN
Ret 		USA
Ret
1981 Team Tyrrell Tyrrell 010 Ford Cosworth DFV USW
5 		BRA
NC 		ARG
Ret 		SMR
Ret 		BEL
6 		MON
5 		ESP
NC 		FRA
13 		GBR
4 		12th 10
Tyrrell 011 GER
5 		AUT
DNQ 		NED
Ret 		ITA
Ret 		CAN
12 		LVS
Ret
1982 Equipe Talbot Gitanes Ligier JS17 Matra V12 RSA
Ret 		BRA
Ret 		USW
Ret 		SMR BEL
3 		USE
2 		CAN
10 		12th 15
Ligier JS19 MON
Ret 		NED
DNQ 		GBR
Ret 		FRA
16 		GER
Ret 		AUT
Ret 		SUI
NC 		ITA
6 		LVS
3
1983 Equipe Renault Elf Renault RE30C Renault V6 (t/c) BRA
Ret 		USW
13 		6th 22
Renault RE40 FRA
3 		SMR
Ret 		MON
Ret 		BEL
3 		USE
Ret 		CAN
2 		GBR
Ret 		GER
Ret 		AUT
4 		NED
Ret 		ITA
3 		EUR
10 		RSA
6
1984 Benetton Team Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo 184T Alfa Romeo V8 (t/c) BRA
4 		RSA
Ret 		BEL
Ret 		SMR
7 		FRA
Ret 		MON
DNQ 		CAN
11 		USE
Ret 		USA
Ret 		GBR
Ret 		GER
Ret 		AUT
Ret 		NED
13 		ITA
9 		EUR
Ret 		POR
17 		16th 3
1985 Benetton Team Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo 185T Alfa Romeo V8 (t/c) BRA
Ret 		POR
Ret 		SMR
Ret 		MON
Ret 		CAN
17 		USA
9 		FRA
10 		26th 0
Alfa Romeo 184TB GBR
Ret 		GER
Ret 		AUT
Ret 		NED
Ret 		ITA
Ret 		BEL
Ret 		EUR
11 		RSA
Ret 		AUS
Ret
1986 Haas Lola Lola THL-1 Ford V6 (t/c) BRA
 ESP
 SMR
 MON
 BEL
 CAN
 USA
Ret 		FRA
 GBR
 GER
 HUN
 AUT
 ITA
 POR
 MEX
 AUS
 NC 0
1987 US F&G Arrows Megatron Arrows A10 Megatron Straight-4 (t/c) BRA
Ret 		SMR
Ret 		BEL
4 		MON
Ret 		USA
6 		FRA
Ret 		GBR
Ret 		GER
Ret 		HUN
8 		AUT
Ret 		ITA
Ret 		POR
6 		ESP
8 		MEX
4 		JPN
9 		AUS
Ret 		10th 8
1988 US F&G Arrows Megatron Arrows A10B Megatron Straight-4 (t/c) BRA
8 		SMR
7 		MON
Ret 		MEX
6 		CAN
Ret 		USA
Ret 		FRA
11 		GBR
7 		GER
10 		HUN
Ret 		BEL
6 		ITA
3 		POR
Ret 		ESP
Ret 		JPN
Ret 		12th 6
Arrows A10 AUS
Ret
1989 US F&G Arrows Arrows A11 Ford Cosworth DFR BRA
Ret 		SMR
9 		MON
7 		MEX
7 		USA
3 		CAN
Ret 		FRA
7 		GBR
DNQ 		GER
12 		HUN
5 		BEL
Ret 		ITA
DNQ 		POR
Ret 		ESP
Ret 		JPN
8 		AUS
Ret 		11th 6

CART career results

Year Team Wins Points Championship Finish
1986 Arciero Racing 0 0 Unclassified
1990 Chip Ganassi Racing 0 80 9th
1991 Chip Ganassi Racing 0 91 9th
1992 Chip Ganassi Racing 0 80 10th
1993 Menard/King/Turley 0 21 17th
1994 Menard/Foyt 0 5 27th
1995 Foyt Enterprises 0 33 18th

Best race finish: 2nd (Phoenix - 1992), best championship result: 9th

IRL IndyCar career results

Year Team Wins Poles Points Championship Finish
1996 Team Menard 0 0 49 16th
1996-1997 Team Cheever 1 0 230 3rd
1998 Team Cheever 1 0 222 9th
1999 Team Cheever 1 0 222 7th
2000 Team Cheever 1 0 257 3rd
2001 Team Cheever 1 0 261 8th
2002 Team Cheever 0 1 280 10th
2006 Cheever Racing 0 0 114 19th
Wins Poles Best Championship Finish Career Points
5 1 3rd (1996-1997, 2000) 1635

Indy 500 results

Year Chassis Engine Start Finish
1990 Penske Chevrolet 14th 8th
1991 Lola Chevrolet 10th 31st
1992 Lola Ford-Cosworth 2nd 4th
1993 Lola Buick 33rd 16th
1994 Lola Buick 11th 8th
1995 Lola Ford-Cosworth 14th 31st
1996 Lola Menard-Buick 4th 11th
1997 G-Force Oldsmobile 11th 23rd
1998 Dallara Oldsmobile 17th 1st
1999 Dallara Infiniti 16th 18th
2000 Dallara Infiniti 10th 5th
2001 Dallara Infiniti 26th 25th
2002 Dallara Infiniti 6th 5th
2006 Dallara Honda 19th 13th

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eddie Cheever.
Sporting positions
Preceded by Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year
1990 		Succeeded by
Preceded by CART Rookie of the Year
1990 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Indianapolis 500 Winner
1998 		Succeeded by
Awards and achievements
Preceded by Scott Brayton Award
2000 		Succeeded by
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