Alvaneu

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Alvaneu
Alvaneu coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : canton of Grisonscanton of Grisons Graubünden (GR)
Region : Albula
Political community : Albula / Alvrai2
Postal code : 7492
former BFS no. : 3511
Coordinates : 769.17 thousand  /  172 248 coordinates: 46 ° 40 '48 "  N , 9 ° 39' 0"  O ; CH1903:  seven hundred sixty-nine thousand one hundred seventy  /  172248
Height : 1181  m above sea level M.
Area : 35.63  km²
Residents: 400 (December 31, 2014)
Population density : 11 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.albula-alvra.ch
Alvaneu village

Alvaneu village
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Alvaneu (Switzerland)
Alvaneu
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Alvaneu ( Grisons German [ alvɐˈnœɪ̯ ]; Rhaeto-Romanic Alvagni [ alvɐˈɲi ]) is a village in the municipality of Albula / Alvra in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . The place is in the district of Alvaschein in the district of Albula and is part of the Surmeir region .

Until December 31, 2014, Alvaneu was a separate political municipality in the Belfort district . On January 1, 2015, it merged with the communities of Alvaschein , Brienz / Brinzauls , Mon , Stierva , Surava and Tiefencastel to form the new community of Albula / Alvra.

geography

Parish before the merger on January 1, 2015
Historical aerial photo from 2300 m by Walter Mittelholzer from 1925

Alvaneu is a clustered village at an altitude of 1181 m on a terrace north of the Albula valley on the cantonal road between Lenzerheide and Davos , divided into Alvaneu village on the slope and Alvaneu Bad in the valley floor. The Welschtobel , located in the uppermost Schanfigg , with Alp Ramoz, where the Ramozhütte SAC is located, also belongs to the former municipality of Alvaneu . This Ennet mountain area, which was acquired by the neighbors in Arosa in 1481 , can only be reached directly via a hiking trail via Furcletta .

history

In the 13th century, the barons of Vaz allowed a group of Walsers to settle on one of their farms, which were located next to Romanen chur-bishop's estates with predominantly sheep breeding. Since then, Alvaneu has been in the area of ​​the German-Rhaeto-Romanic language border. The origin of the place name, first documented as a designation of origin ( Hainricus de Aluenude ) in 1244 , is unclear.

Alvaneu was the first municipality in Graubünden to vote in 1799 to join the Helvetic Republic .

population

Population development
year 1838 1850 1900 1950 1980 1990 2000 2005 2014
Residents 362 354 382 475 379 380 403 421 400

languages

The traditional language of the population was Surmeir , a regional dialect of Romansh , until the middle of the 19th century . As early as 1880, only 80% of the population stated Romansh as their mother tongue. This erosion process continued (1910: 68%, 1941: 56%, 1970: 47%). In 1960 the last census was with a Romansh majority, in 1970 this was still a relative majority. Since 1980 the German language has become more and more important, as the following table shows:

Languages ​​in Alvaneu
languages 1980 census 1990 census 2000 census
number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
German 189 49.87% 230 60.53% 308 76.43%
Romansh 157 41.42% 109 28.68% 68 16.87%
Italian 30th 7.92% 28 7.37% 14th 3.47%
Residents 379 100% 380 100% 403 100%

Although 31% of the population still speak Romansh, German is the sole official language today.

Origin and nationality

Of the 421 residents at the end of 2005, 394 (≈ 93%) were Swiss citizens.

coat of arms

Blazon : In gold (yellow) the standing Saint Mauritius in blue armor with sword, silver (white) nimbed, in the right a blue flag with a gold cross

The coat of arms shows the simplified previous seal image in the colors of the ten-court federation .

Attractions

After several fires, from 1697 to 1698 Capuchins from the neighboring Tiefencastel built the Catholic parish church of the Birth of Mary and looked after Alvaneu as a parish until 1890. In 1859 and 1873, two major fires destroyed much of the historical building stock. Nevertheless, restored houses with paintings and sgraffiti , art forged window and balcony grilles can be seen in the village .

The Künstlergasse, where metal designers, art painters and blacksmiths, instrument makers and wood carvers present their works and their work allows a glimpse of contemporary art. The ruins of Belfort Castle , one of the largest in Graubünden, are located near Alvaneu . You can also go the second strongest sulfur source visit Europe: Ava Forta, the rusty-red water, which smells like rotten eggs.

Alvaneu bath

Facade of the old Hotel and Kurhaus Alvaneu-Bad

The specialty of Alvaneu-Bad are the sulfur springs , which the Romans probably used for healing, as can be deduced from coin finds. The sulfur bath was first described in 1474 and is considered a mineral medicinal bath due to the temperature. Contrary to popular belief, not all warm baths are thermal baths, but in this case a mineral (warm) bath. According to the Swiss definition, there is only a thermal bath when the water is pumped out of the ground at over 20 ° C. In other countries such as Italy this definition does not apply. Several times have been built, invested and re-planned here. In 2001, a spa and wellness bath was built here with indoor and outdoor pools kept at 34 degrees using sulfur water and additional offers such as a steam bath , solarium , sauna and a so-called mental water hiking trail. An 18-hole golf course (PAR 72) set up in 1996 is also intended to stabilize the economic situation. It is considered to be one of the most varied facilities in Graubünden.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

Web links

Commons : Alvaneu  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gunhild Hoyer / Andres Kristol: Alvaneu / Alvagni GR (Albula) in: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss community names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG). Center de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 87.
  2. ↑ Catholic parish church of the Birth of Mary on baukultur.gr.ch
  3. ↑ Heilbad Alvaneu, Switzerland, on holiday in Graubünden ( Memento of the original from May 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.graubuenden.ch