Tinizong-Rona

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Tinizong-Rona
Tinizong-Rona Coat of Arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : canton of Grisonscanton of Grisons Graubünden (GR)
Region : Albulaw
Circle : Surses
Political community : Sursesi2
Postal code : 7453 Tinizong
7454 Rona
former BFS no. : 3541
Coordinates : 766 919  /  161435 coordinates: 46 ° 35 '0 "  N , 9 ° 37' 0"  O ; CH1903:  766919  /  161435
Height : 1232  m above sea level M.
Area : 54.30  km²
Residents: 320 (December 31, 2014)
Population density : 6 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.surses.ch
Tinizong, view from the south

Tinizong, view from the south
map
Map of Tinizong-Rona
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Tinizong-Rona was until 31 December 2015 a municipality in the district Surses , District Albula of the canton of Grisons in Switzerland . On January 1, 2016, Tinizong-Rona merged with the municipalities of Bivio , Cunter , Marmorera , Mulegns , Riom-Parsonz , Salouf , Savognin and Sur to form the new municipality of Surses .

The community was created on July 1, 1998 through the merger of the formerly independent communities Tinizong (German and officially Tinzen until 1943 , then officially Tinizun until 1944 ) and Rona (German and officially Roffna until 1943 ). The municipal administration was in Tinizong.

geography

Tinizong with the Julier Pass road in the background

The former municipality is located in the middle of the Oberhalbstein valley in the area of ​​the wooded slope that separates the two valley sections Surgôt and Sotgôt . The valley road falls from the former municipal boundary on about 2 km by only 13 m to the village of Rona ( 1410  m above sea level ), then in the steep step that is due to a prehistoric landslide by 180 m to Tinizong (1232 m), then to 2 km again only by 25 m.

The former municipal area comprises a section of the main valley, which runs almost in a south-north direction and through which the Julia flows, as well as the approximately 8 km long right side valley Val d'Err . On the right side of the valley, the territory extends to the watershed against the Upper Engadin and the Upper Albula Valley . Here the former municipal boundary runs over the striking peaks of Corn da Tinizong (German: Tinzenhorn , 3172  m ), Piz Ela ( 3339  m ), Piz Val Lunga ( 3078  m ), Piz Salteras ( 3111  m ), Piz Bleis Marscha ( 3128  m ), Piz Laviner ( 3137  m ), Piz Jenatsch ( 3250  m ) to Piz d'Err ( 3378  m , highest point in the municipality). The lower section of the Val da Livizung side valley belongs to the smaller left-hand part of the former municipality .

The elongated street village Tinizong is slightly elevated on the right bank of the Julia. The village of Rona consists of two parts: Rieven an der Julia and the higher-lying church village Ruegna (also called Oberrona ). Oberrona already belonged to the Tinizong political community before the community merged. The political municipality of Rona - which in the merged municipality only makes up 11% of the area - consisted only of Rieven, and the municipality boundary ran through the middle of the village. Rieven, the youngest of the villages, did not emerge until the 17th century, when Livizung, which was threatened by Rüfen and partially destroyed, was abandoned and the settlement was relocated.

In addition to the village settlements, the community also included the Mulegn and Vardaval groups of houses on the main road, the Maiensäss Pensa in Val d'Err and several Alpine settlements.

In 1997, 32.5% of the former municipal area was used for agriculture, the forest took up 25.8%, the settlements 1.1%. 40.6% were considered unproductive.

Neighboring communities were Savognin , Bergün Filisur , Bever (exclave), Sur and Mulegns .

geology

As excavations showed, the rich mineral deposits in the Oberhalbstein were already used during the Iron Age . In the Parsetten mines in Val d'Err and Falotta (in the municipality of Sur just beyond the municipal boundary ), manganese ore was mined in different epochs . The ore mines experienced their heyday in the two world wars. From 1916 to 1919, 1,764 tons, from 1942 to 1945 even 4,275 tons of ore were mined. In addition to the main mineral Braunit there are plenty of other manganese-containing minerals, among them discovered here Tinzenite , Parsettensite , Sursassit and Grischunit .

At the nearby Tinzenhorn and Piz Mitgel (in Parc Ela ), dinosaur tracks were discovered in 2007, which are considered to be the oldest of their kind in the world ( sauropods ).

history

Tinizong was mentioned as Tinnetione in a Roman street directory from the 3rd century . In the Middle Ages, the place had a prominent position as the head of the Port Tinzen and Sust (reloading point) on the Septimer and Julier routes .

Tinizong and Rona belonged to the Oberhalbstein court and were thus part of the church association . Rona only broke away from the association with Mulegns and Sur in 1851, but was given the smallest area with only a few alpine meadows when it was divided. A first attempt to merge the two communities Tinizong and Rona failed in 1910.

coat of arms

Blazon : Divided by red and silver, two crossed burning silver candles in red, raised by a silver miter with blue trimmings, in silver, black cross of St. Anthony .

The coat of arms combines elements of the coats of arms of the previous communities:

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Tinizong: Two crossed burning silver candles in red, raised by a silver miter with blue trimmings. A community stamp shows the figure of St. Blaise , the patron of the church, while his attribute was chosen for the coat of arms .

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Rona: diagonally right divided by silver and black, in silver a black, red armed, jumping ibex; in black a silver cross of St. Anthony. The ibex and the colors indicate the covenant of worship, the Antonius cross to the patron of the parish church.

population

Population development
year 1850 1900 1950 1980 1990 2000 2005 2014
Residents 413 408 409 332 339 369 353 320

languages

The village of Rona

Up until the First World War, the population consisted almost entirely of Romansh. In 1880 it was 94%, in 1910 even 96% (Tinizong 96%, Rona 98%). Thereafter the proportion of Romansh fell to only 91% by 1941. By 1970 there was a first break in the native language. In Tinizong the proportion had fallen to 80%, in Rona to 84%. Since then, there has been a massive decline in the number of Romansh (1970 330, 2000 185 people) due to emigration and language changes by locals. At the same time, German is getting stronger and stronger. This is also shown in the following table:

Languages ​​in Tinizong-Rona
languages 1980 census 1990 census 2000 census
number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
German 57 17.17% 95 28.02% 143 38.75%
Romansh 264 79.52% 227 66.96% 185 50.14%
Italian 7th 2.11% 6th 1.77% 12 3.25%
Residents 332 100% 339 100% 369 100%

The official language is the Surmeir idiom of Romansh .

Origin and nationality

Of the 353 residents at the end of 2005, 301 (= 85%) were Swiss citizens.

Economy and Transport

In agriculture, 41 people were employed in the manufacturing sector and the service sector 56 18. At the Julia near the village of Tinizong is a hydroelectric plant of the power station of the city Zurich (EWZ) . In 2004 the dammed water in Lai da Marmorera provided 192.4 gigawatt hours of electrical energy . Although the municipality is located in the middle of the Savognin - Bivio tourist region, there are no actual tourist facilities, apart from two smaller hotels and a holiday home area built in the 1980s.

Tinizong and Rona are on Hauptstrasse 3 and are accessed by the Chur - Lenzerheide - Savognin - Bivio post bus line. Individual courses run to St. Moritz .

Attractions

Catholic parish church Son Plasch in Tinizong
Interior of the parish church Son Plasch
  • Catholic parish church Son Plasch in Tinizong. After a previous Gothic church was damaged in the village fire in 1610, today's baroque building was built until 1663 under the direction of the builder Paolo Torello from Carona in Ticino . Stucco work and ceiling paintings in the choir from the construction period. Late Gothic winged altar from southern Germany, signed by the painter Jörg Kändel from Biberach , 1512.
  • Catholic parish church Son Antieni in Rona, outwardly simple building from 1663, high altar around 1760. The baroque organ , built in Trient in 1677 , used to be in the Müstair monastery and came to Rona in 1884.
  • Municipal house, 2000, architect: Pablo Horváth
  • Pre-industrial business complex
  • Several sections of the historic pass trail:
    • between Tinizong and Rona in the Gionda forest ,
    • south of Rona at the foot of the slope on the right, with wheel tracks probably from Roman times.

literature

Web links

Commons : Tinizong-Rona  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ swissinfo
  2. ^ Catholic parish church of St. Blaise
  3. ^ Catholic parish church
  4. ^ Parish hall
  5. ↑ Pre-industrial business complex