Office Fürth (Odenwald)

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The Office Fürth (also Amtsvogtei Fürth ) was an office in Kurmainz , the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt and subsequently the Grand Duchy of Hesse . The administrative seat was Fürth in the Odenwald .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

prehistory

Kurmainz

Even before the establishment of the office, Fürth was the seat of an administrative and judicial district, the Zent Fürth , the oldest description of which dates from 1603. The "Amt Fürth" (also called "Amtsvogtei Fürth") was created in 1782 on the occasion of an administrative reform. It was subordinate to the Lower Archbishopric and the Upper Office of Starkenburg . The “Amt Fürth” included the Zente Fürth , Abtsteinach and Mörlenbach as well as the Hartenrod court . The lower jurisdiction remained with the existing central courts. The central order with the central school hot at the top remained formally in place. However, the central lords were bound by instructions to the superior authorities. The burgrave of Starkenburg also lost power during this restructuring. He was still a senior bailiff, but his powers were severely curtailed by the fact that he was assigned a senior bailiff and a senior magistrate. The jurisdiction of the second instance was now exercised by the chief magistrate and the officials from Heppenheim and Bensheim as assessors.

Hesse

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , Kurmainz was dissolved in 1803 and the Oberamt Starkenburg with the district bailiff of Fürth was added to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, which was renamed in 1806 as the "Grand Duchy of Hesse". The existing offices, including Fürth, were continued as Hessian offices, while the "Oberamt Starkenburg" was dissolved in 1805. The "Office Fürth" was subordinate to the Starkenburg Province .

In 1812, when the former Electoral Palatinate Oberamt Lindenfels was dissolved, a number of places were assigned to the Fürth Office (marked with "LF" in the following list), others had to be given to the newly established Waldmichelbach Office during this restructuring . The reason given was that this served to bring order to the “completely mixed up villages and courtyards”.

The End

With the implementing ordinance of December 9, 1803, the judicial system of the two higher authorities in the Grand Duchy was reorganized. The offices - including the Fürth office - remained the first instance of jurisdiction in civil matters .

In 1821/22 there was an administrative reform in the Grand Duchy. With it, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level. District districts were created for the administrative tasks previously performed in the offices, and district courts for the first instance jurisdiction.

The Fürth office was dissolved. With regard to the administrative tasks previously carried out by the Office of Fürth, the district of Lindenfels has now taken its place, and with regard to jurisdiction, the Fürth district court .

scope

The Fürth office consisted of the communities and settlements listed below and was divided into four districts during the Kurmainzer period.
→ AS = in Kurmainzer time to the center of Abtsteinach
→ FÜ = in Kurmainzer time to the center of Fürth
→ HR = in Kurmainzer time to the court Hartenrod
→ LF = 1812 from the dissolved office of Lindenfels
→ MÖ = in Kurmainzer time to the center of Mörlenbach
→ WM = 1812 to the Office Waldmichelbach handed over

The area of ​​the Fürth office lay on the boundaries of today's municipalities of Abtsteinach , Birkenau , Fürth, Gorxheimertal , Lindenfels , Mörlenbach , Mossautal and Wald-Michelbach .

Law

In the Fürth office , the Mainz land law , which was formally reintroduced in 1755, was in effect in the parts originating from Kurmainz . In the localities that were added from the former Electoral Palatinate population in 1812, the Palatinate Land Law was applicable . The Common Law was, moreover, only insofar as the particular law did not contain specific provisions relating to facts. These particular rights remained in effect throughout the 19th century when the area belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. It was not until January 1, 1900 that they were replaced by the civil code that was uniformly applicable throughout the German Empire .

literature

  • Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau, history and statistics of the monastery and principality of Lorsch together with a historical topography of the offices of Heppenheim, Bensheim, Lorsch, Fürth, Gernsheim, Hirschhorn and others Stahl, Darmstadt 1812.
  • L. Ewald: Contributions to regional studies . In: Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1862.
  • Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . Volume 3. Sauerlander, Frankfurt am Main 1832.

Remarks

  1. ↑ In July 1812, after it was initially assigned to the Waldmichelbach Office (Secret Ministry: Organization of the Aemter Fürth and Waldmichelbach . In: Collection of the ordinances and higher decrees published in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung of 1812. Großherzogliche Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt 1813 , p . 87, No. 103).
  2. ↑ In July 1812, after it was initially assigned to the Waldmichelbach Office (Secret Ministry: Organization of the Aemter Fürth and Waldmichelbach . In: Collection of the ordinances and higher decrees published in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung of 1812. Großherzogliche Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt 1813 , p . 87, No. 103).
  3. ↑ In July 1812, after it was initially assigned to the Waldmichelbach Office (Secret Ministry: Organization of the Aemter Fürth and Waldmichelbach . In: Collection of the ordinances and higher decrees published in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung of 1812. Großherzogliche Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt 1813 , p . 87, No. 103).
  4. ↑ In July 1812, after it was initially assigned to the Waldmichelbach Office (Secret Ministry: Organization of the Aemter Fürth and Waldmichelbach . In: Collection of the ordinances and higher decrees published in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung of 1812. Großherzogliche Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt 1813 , p . 87, No. 103).
  5. ↑ Hiltersklingen was a condominium with the county of Erbach-Fürstenau . Only the Kurmainz, later Hesse half, was incorporated into the Fürth office.
  6. ↑ In July 1812, after it was initially assigned to the Bensheim Office (Secret Ministry: Organization of the Aemter Fürth and Waldmichelbach . In: Collection of the ordinances and higher decrees published in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung from 1812. Großherzogliche Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt 1813 , p . 87, No. 103).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fürth, Bergstrasse district . In: LAGIS : Historical local dictionary; Status: February 28, 2020.
  2. ↑ Ewald, p. 45.
  3. ↑ Notice . In: Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung No. 47 of April 18, 1812, p. 391f.
  4. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 403ff.
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 406.
  6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 407.
  7. ↑ Ewald, p. 45, no. 154-189.
  8. ↑ Nahmer, p. 412.
  9. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, pp. 16, 109.