Arkadi and Boris Strugazki

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Boris Strugazki 2006

Arkadi Natanowitsch Strugazki (also Arkady Strugatsky , Russian Аркадий Натанович Стругацкий , scientific. Transliteration Arkady Natanovič Strugackij * 28. August 1925 in Batumi , Adjar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ; † 12. October 1991 in Leningrad ) and Boris Natanowitsch Strugazki (including Boris Strugatsky ; Russian Борис Натанович Стругацкий , scientific transliteration Boris Natanovič Strugackij ; born April 15, 1933 in Leningrad; † November 19, 2012 in Saint Petersburg ) were two Soviet writers. The brothers wrote a large number of novels together and are considered the most important authors of Soviet fantasy . Her books, which have also covered the science fiction genre since 1959, have a total circulation of more than 50 million copies and have been translated into more than 30 languages.

Life

Origin and childhood

Both brothers grew up in what was then Leningrad , now Saint Petersburg. Her father had joined the Bolshevik Party before the October Revolution and became a general in the Russian Civil War and later a party official , although he was actually an art historian in the civilian profession . However , he was expelled from the party during the “ Stalin Purges ” of the 1930s.

Arkadi Strugazki

Memorial to the memory of the hunger blockade

Arkadi fled with his father in 1942 during the Leningrad blockade on the Road of Life across the frozen Lake Ladoga from the city besieged and starved by the German and Finnish troops, where his father was killed. During his time in the army, Arkadi was trained as a Japanese interpreter and spent the war and the years until 1955 in eastern Russia. The appointment as an interpreter has in all probability saved his life: A call-up to the Soviet summer offensive of 1943 would have meant commitment and death for him in the battle of the Kursk Arch . He later worked as a publishing editor and translator of English science fiction in Moscow . In this capacity, he has campaigned for the publication of the works of both Soviet and foreign science fiction authors. Arkadi's job title was English and Japanese studies .

Boris Strugazki

The Pulkovo Observatory

Boris, the younger of the two brothers, was also in Leningrad during the hunger blockade, but did not flee across Lake Ladoga with his father, but stayed in the city with his mother, Alexandra Litvinschewa. Only when the news reached them that Arkady had survived did they leave Leningrad. After the war, he studied at Leningrad University (now Saint Petersburg State University ). He wanted to do a doctorate, but shortly before completing his dissertation he discovered that the later Nobel Prize winner Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar had published the theory worked out in this dissertation in a journal that was not available in the Soviet Union as early as 1943. He later worked as a programmer at the Pulkovo Observatory near Leningrad.

plant

Arkadi also wrote under the pseudonym S. Yaroslavtsev . Boris published some essays under the pseudonym S. Wititski . However, they wrote most of their most famous works together. In 1964 the Strugazkis gave up their professions to work as freelance writers.

Several works by the two authors were made into films, including 1990 It's Not Easy to Be a God by director Peter Fleischmann in a West German-Soviet-French production. Another screen adaptation of a Strugazki novel is Stalker , a film based on motifs from a picnic by the wayside and the film scenario written by the Strugazkis The Desire Machine by the Soviet director Andrei Tarkowski .

On July 2, 1985, the asteroid (3054) discovered by NS Tschernych on September 11, 1977 was named Strugatskia in honor of the brothers.

Literary classification

The literature of the Strugazki brothers combines elements of the Russian storytelling and fairy tale tradition with motifs from science fiction , a human-psychological as opposed to a purely technical one. Although mostly written in the third person, her best books are consistently and convincingly subjective and hermetic, and the camera or voice of the narrator sits largely in the head of the main character.

The variety of narrative structures used by the Strugazki brothers is of literary critical interest. The waves suffocate the wind, for example, is written as a letter novel , other works manage entirely without leaps in time or changes in perspective. In an author duo seems likely that the substances have evolved from chapter to chapter in sometimes unexpected directions, for example, in the lame fate of the storylines will also not together in the weight of evil shall be prolonged unreconciled to focus on the to artfully cross or mirror the last page.

The fictitious corporate and government systems described in her books are often used as allegories to the real socialism or the principles of communism to read. In her later works in particular, the role of the individual in bureaucratic or totalitarian systems becomes a central motif - for example in the novels Das lahme Schicksal and Das Experiment , which were only published after the collapse of the Soviet Union due to their socially critical content . Books like Monday begins on Saturday and Troika , which are clearly set in the Soviet Union, can also be read as criticisms of rigid administrative structures. The former also has features of a funny, fast-paced meta-fairy tale.

Some stories or narrative strands comment on the fate of the author himself or on simple everyday life. Nevertheless, the basic tone is cautious optimism. Even the bureaucrats remain mostly human or at least harmless. Rogues or opponents appear only in a few works.

A concept that appears several times is that of a hoped-for or thesis-like rise of Homo sapiens to a hyper-human (“vertical progress”). Both advantages and disadvantages of a “new” super human race are discussed (at the end of the Maxim-Kammerer trilogy ).

Wanderer in the midday universe

A number of the Strugazki books are set in the noon universe (after the book Noon, 22nd century ) and contain references to the wanderers (Russian: странники), members of a superior civilization who seem to intervene in the fate of mankind. The people themselves have reached a high social, scientific and technical standard in this universe. Money has lost its meaning because everyone has a job that interests them and thereby contributes to the common good. The earth is ruled by a technocracy .

The recurring theme used is the influence of human agents (“progressors”) on medieval (extraterrestrial) societies. Similarly, some people suspect that a higher civilization of the hikers has an influence on mankind.

Very special works

The Strugazki brothers have also published a series of powesti that do not take place in their unique universes and are usually characterized by a socially critical thrust.

The Second Martian Invasion - Notes of a Sane One was published in the first (West) German translation in 1973, and is clearly against opportunism (and against drawing gastric juice).

In the 1990s, a series of books was published in which stories and short novels by other authors were collected, which continue the subject matter of the Strugazkis or develop their characters, Время учеников (three volumes, 1996, 1998, 2000). Boris Strugazki gave permission to do so and wrote a foreword to the project, which has been reissued several times and in which all important Russian SF authors contributed (including Sergei Lukjanenko ).

Censorship and competing translations: title and text variants

In particular, some of the German versions of individual works by the Strugazkis that appeared in the 1970s and 1980s differ significantly from newer editions, both in terms of the title and the lack of entire sections and chapters from newer editions. There are also competing translations of different quality for the same work. In addition, the situation for German readers is confusing because in some cases books that were originally published as standalone were later integrated into other works. In the complete edition in six volumes, which appeared from 2010 and did not contain all works , the works were revised and supplemented using the uncensored and uncensored originals.

Title variants

Some versions of the title are easy to recognize as different translations of the original title, this applies to It is not easy to be a god and to be a god is difficult to or even on Monday starts on Saturday opposite Monday starts on Saturday . In other cases, however, the title alone does not suggest that they are the same work. For example, the novel called Малыш (Malish, German "Kind") in the Russian original has been published in Germany under the title The Knirps as well as the title The Third Civilization . The experiment also appeared under the title City of the Damned and Damned City . The direct translation of the original Russian title, on the other hand, is: "The condemned city". In the table below, different titles for the same work are separated by semicolons.

Short and long versions, new combinations

While the above title variants are only about different translations or commercial exploitation of individual works, due to the problems of the Strugazkis with the Soviet censorship there are also differently abbreviated or combined versions of individual works, some of which were published under the same title.

There are two German editions of the novel The inhabited island under the same title, the older of which is based on a newspaper preprint shortened by several chapters. B. the name of the main hero is not yet Maxim Kammerer as in the more recent edition and also in later novels , but "Maxim Rostislawski".

The snail on the slope consists of two completely different storylines, the individual chapters ("forest chapter" and "administrative chapter") each alternately forming the novel. In the Soviet Union, these storylines were originally only allowed to appear separately, since the satire on Soviet reality became even clearer in the combination. For this reason, forest chapters and administrative chapters appearas individual novelsin the following table. Under the name Unrest , a first and independent version of the "administrative chapter", which differed significantly in terms of both content and style, was published, which is still available today under this title - and of which the authors later wrote individual motifs in The waves choke the wind incorporated.

Conversely, the authors integrated the novel The Ugly Swans published at the beginning of the 1970s, slightly modified later, as an internal plot in the late novel The Lame Fate .

The most moving version story, however, is probably the story Das Märchen von der Troika or the Roman Troika . The differences are so great that they are more like two separate works than two versions. The older version was only published in the GDR in 1987 - integrated into the novel Monday begins on Saturday . The second was published in a Soviet provincial magazine in 1968 and has a very different plot in which the heroes fail in their fight against the bureaucracy (which is almost demonstratively concealed by an unbelievably appended happy ending) - which is why this version was banned very soon .

Therefore it is not possible to say exactly how many novels the Strugazkis wrote.

Awards

  • 1981 Aelita Prize for The Beetle in the Anthill
  • 1981 Prix ​​de la SF de Metz for the French translation of Picnic by the wayside
  • 1986 Velikoje Kolzo Prize for The Waves Choke the Wind
  • 1987 Velikoje Kolzo Prize for The Ugly Swans
  • 1988 Velikoje Kolzo Prize for The Snail on the Slope
  • 1989 Velikoje Kolzo Prize for City of the Damned (Grad Obrechenny; Doomed City)
  • 1990 Alexander Belyayev Memorial Prize for City of the Damned

bibliography

Joint works

Publ. Original title shape German title
1958 Извне narrative From other spheres
1958 Спонтанный Рефлекс narrative Spontaneous reflex; The mechanical ghost; A robot breaks out
1959 Страна багровых туч novel Golkonda nuclear volcano
1959 Шесть Спичек narrative Six matches; Neutrino rays
1959 Испытание "СКР"; Испытание "СКИБР" narrative Testing the SKYBEK
1959 Поражение; Белый конус Алаида narrative The defeat; The egg; The white cone of Alaids
1959 Забытый Эксперимент narrative The forgotten experiment
1959 Частные Предположения narrative Special requirements
1960 Путь на Амальтею narrative The way to Amalthea
1960 Почти такие же narrative  
1960 Ночь в пустыне; Ночью на Марсе; Ночь на Марсе narrative The night in the desert; Night on mars
1960 Чрезвычайное происшествие narrative state of emergency
1960 Глубокий поиск narrative Deep sea exploration
1961 Благоустроенная планета narrative A well-established planet
1961 Великий КРИ narrative  
1961 Свечи перед пультом narrative Candles in front of the lectern
1961 Перестарок narrative  
1961 Роника narrative timeline
1961 Двое с "Таймыра" narrative  
1961 Самодвижущиеся дороги narrative  
1961 Скатерть-Самобранка narrative  
1961 Известные люди (Возвращение) narrative  
1961 Десантники narrative Planet explorer
1961 Свидание narrative The hunter
1961 Какими вы будете narrative  
1962 Возвращение (Полдень, 22-й век) Episodic novel Return, ( noon, 22nd century ) (first published in German in the edition)
1962 Злоумышленники narrative  
1962 Пациенты доктора Протоса narrative  
1962 Томление духа narrative Restlessness
1962 Люди, люди ... narrative  
1962 Моби Дик narrative  
1962 Загадка задней ноги narrative  
1962 Естествознание в мире духов narrative  
1962 Стажеры Episodic novel Interns
1962 Должен жить narrative Man has to live
1962 Попытка к бегству novel Attempted escape
1962 Генеральный инспектор narrative The inspector general
1962 Человек из пасифиды narrative  
1963 Далёкая Радуга novel The distant rainbow
1963 О странствующих и путешествующих narrative From hikers and travelers
1964 Трудно быть богом novel It is difficult to be a god; It is not easy to be a god
1965 Понедельник начинается в субботу novel Monday starts on Saturday ; Monday starts on Saturday
1965 Хищные вещи века novel The greedy things of the century
1966 Улитка на склоне novel The forest ("Candid" chapter from "The Snail on the Slope")
1967 Пришельцы: Рассказ участника археологической группы "Апиды" К. Н. Сергеева narrative  
1967 Второе нашествие марсиан: Записки здравомыслящего novel The second Martian invasion ; The second Martian invasion
1968 Улитка на склоне novel The snail on the slope
1968 Летающие кочевники fragment  
1968 Сказка о тройке novel Troika ; The tale of the Troika
1969 Обитаемый остров novel The inhabited island
1970 Отель "У погибшего Альпиниста" novel Hotel "Zum Unlückten Alpinisten"; Hotel "To the unfortunate mountaineer"
1971 Малыш novel The third civilization ; The small; The toddler
1972 Пикник на обочине novel Picnic by the wayside
1974 Парень из преисподней novel The boy from hell
1976 За миллиард лет до конца света: Рукопись, обнаруженная при странных обстоятельствах novel Billion years before the end of the world , a billion years before the end of the world
1979 Жук в муравейнике novel A beetle in the anthill
1980 Повесть о дружбе и недружбе narrative Of true and false friendship
1981 Машина желаний Film scenario The dream machine (several versions, starting point for the film "Stalker")
1985 Волны гасят ветер novel The waves choke the wind ; The hikers
1985 Пять ложек эликсира Film scenario Five spoons of elixir
1986 Хромая судьба novel The lame fate
1987 Время дождя; Гадкие лебеди novel The Ugly Swans (the "Banev" chapter from "The Lame Fate")
1987 День затмения Film scenario in German only as a film: Days of Darkness ; Days of the solar eclipse
1987 Туча Film scenario  
1987 Град обреченный novel City of the damned; The experiment ; Damn city
1988 Отягощенные злом, или сорок лет спустя novel The burden of evil
1988 Викинги    
1989 Без оружия Film scenario  
1989 Человек с далекой звезды Play in two acts  
1990 Беспокойство    
1990 Жиды города Питера, или невеселые беседы при свечах Comedy in two acts  
1990 Песчаная горячка narrative Sand fever;
1990 Бедные злые люди    
1993 (posthumous) Дьявол среди людей Novella A devil among people
2008 Ведьма Film scenario (original basis for Tarkowski's film "The Sacrifice")  

Arkadi Strugazki

Publ. Original title shape German title pseudonym
1956 Пепел Бикини Roman (together with Leo Petrow) The ashes of Bikini
1974 Экспедиция в преисподнюю Story for children Expedition to hell S. Yaroslavtsev
1974 Семейные дела Гаюровых Film scenario  
1984 Подробности жизни Никиты Воронцова narrative From the life of Nikita Vorontsov S. Yaroslavtsev
1992 Дьявол среди людей fragment A devil among people S. Yaroslavtsev

Boris Strugazki

Publ. Original title shape German title
1985 На исходе ночи Film scenario
1989 Дети тумана  
1994 Поиск предназначения, или Двадцать седьмая теорема этики novel The Search for Predestination, or The Twenty-seventh Doctrine of Ethics
2001 Затерянный в толпе narrative Lost in the Crowd (written 1955)
2007 Бессильные мира сего novel The powerless

Work edition

Collected works by Heyne-Verlag:

  • Volume 1: The inhabited island / A beetle in the anthill / The waves choke the wind. Heyne, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-453-52630-3 .
  • Volume 2: Picnic by the wayside / A billion years before the end of the world / The experiment. Heyne, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-453-52631-0 .
  • Volume 3: The snail on the slope / The second invasion of the Martians / The burden of evil / From the life of Nikita Voronzow / A devil among the people. Heyne, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-453-52685-3 .
  • Volume 4: Escape Attempt / It's Hard to Be a God / Unrest / The Third Civilization / The Boy from Hell. Heyne, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-453-52686-0 .
  • Volume 5: The way to Amalthea / The testing of the SKYBEG / The forgotten experiment / Special requirements / The greedy things of the century / Noon, 22nd century / The distant rainbow. Heyne, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-453-31028-5 .
  • Volume 6: Monday begins on Saturday / The tale of the Troika / The lame fate / Five spoons of elixir. Heyne, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-453-31214-2 .

The world of noon ("Bykow Trilogy")

Because in addition to the first novel Atomvulkan Golkonda , the novel Praktikanten is not included in the six-volume work edition, the Golkonda-Verlag (which also includes the limited luxury edition of the six-volume work edition) published the following supplementary volumes:

  • Volume 1: Golkonda nuclear volcano . Golkonda, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-942396-22-6 (first complete German edition; uncensored and unedited version reconstructed based on the manuscripts, completed by a chapter from an early working version of the novel; comments by Boris Strugatzki, afterword and notes by Erik Simon)
  • Volume 2: Captain Bykov . Golkonda, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-942396-23-3 (contains Der Weg zur Amalthea und Praktikanten ; first complete German edition; uncensored and unedited version reconstructed based on the manuscripts, completed by a deleted chapter; commentary by Boris Strugatzki, Afterword and remarks by Erik Simon)

The hotel for the unfortunate mountaineer

Since this novel is not included in the work edition either, Golkonda-Verlag brought out this additional volume:

  • Volume 3: The Hotel Zum Accident Bergsteiger . Golkonda, Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-946503-57-6 (new edition and partially supplementation and new translation of the original text by Erik Simon)

Film adaptations (selection)

German versions available:

  • 1979 Stalker directed by Andrej Tarkowski, screenplay: A. u. B. Strugazki based on motifs from "Picnic by the wayside"
  • 1979 Hotel "To the unfortunate alpinist" USSR. Director: Grigori Kromanov ; Screenplay: A. u. B. Strugazki based on her novel "Hotel zum verunlückten Bergsteiger"
  • 1988 "Дни затмения" (German TV title " Days of Darkness ", after " Billions of Years Before the End of the World "), director: Alexander Sokurow; Screenplay: Yuri Arabow, Arkady and Boris Strugazki and Pyotr Kadochnikow
  • 1989 It's not easy to be a god by Peter Fleischmann
  • 2008 Dark Planet , an elaborate two-part film adaptation of the novel directed by Fyodor Bondarchuk , which closely follows the literary model The Inhabited Island . The film was produced at a cost of 30 million US dollars as the most expensive Russian film to date. Outside Russia it is sold under the title Dark Planet . There is a very heavily cut 120-minute version ( Dark Planet: Prisoners of Power ) and an edition with the complete film of 220 minutes on Blu-ray Disc ( Dark Planet: The Inhabited Island + Rebellion ). Russian title: "Обитаемый остров" .

Not yet published in German:

  • 1982 "Чародеи" ("Magician"), TV, (after "Monday begins on Saturday")
  • 1990 "Искушение Б" (after "Five spoons of elixir")
  • 1996 "Πριν το Τέλος του Κόσμου" (Prin to telos tou kosmou, meaning: Before the end of the world) (Greek film based on " Billions of years before the end of the world ")
  • 2006 "Гадкие лебеди" (in the RUSCICO version with German subtitles) ("The ugly swans")
  • 2013 "Трудно быть богом" , premiere at the film festival in Rome, November 2013 (based on " Being a god is difficult", director Alexej German, completed by his son Alexej German jr.)

The Strugazkis worked on the scripts for Stalker , Hotel “Zum Verunlückten Alpinisten” , Magician and Days of Darkness , Boris Strugazki was also named as a collaborator on the script for the film Letters of the Dead (based on the story The Time Has Come by Vyacheslav Rybakov) .

Radio plays (German versions)

  • The six matches , Süddeutscher Rundfunk , 1972
  • The Ugly Swans , Bayerischer Rundfunk , 1979
  • The distant rainbow , Radio DDR II , 1984
  • A beetle in an anthill , Bayerischer Rundfunk, 1986
  • The Third Civilization (adaptation / direction: Irene Schuck), Bayerischer Rundfunk 1999 (also on CD by DAV - Der Audio Verlag, 2005)

Computer games

  • Hard to be a God , published on February 15, 2008 based on the work It's not easy to be a god .
  • The secret of the mountain hotel , adaptation of the work Hotel 'Zum Verunlückten Bergsteiger' . Produced by Deep Silver in 2009.
  • a series of computer games and novels by GSC Gameworld, inspired by the work Picnic by the wayside .

Essays, autobiographical writings

  • Arkadi Strugazki: My Jules Verne in the anthology Lichtjahr 2 ( Das Neue Berlin , 1981)
  • Arkadi and Boris Strugazki: One hundred lines about fantasy in the anthology Lichtjahr 3 (Das Neue Berlin, 1984)
  • Arkadi and Boris Strugazki: Our biography , in: Wolfgang Jeschke (ed.): Das Science Fiction Jahr 2001, yearbook for science fiction readers , 16, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich, pp. 460–477.
  • Boris Strugazki: How the real trouble began. About two of our novels from the sixties. In: Wolfgang Jeschke (Ed.): The Science Fiction Year 2001, Yearbook for Science Fiction Readers , 16. Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich, pp. 478-512.

criticism

“All of people's vandalized ideals and betrayed dreams are cruelly avenged by an incomprehensible and incomprehensible force - relentless evolution - robbing them of the only thing that could give their lives a selfish meaning: their children. The Strugazkis provide some kind of ultimate commentary on all of the superracial stories that SF brains came up with. Did Keith Roberts in 'Homo Gestalt' and Theodore Sturgeon in 'Baby is Three' still have to claim that the superrace is incomprehensible to normal people and beyond real communication, and for Olaf Stapledon in 'Odd John' the only way out was the planned self-destruction of the supermen, Consistency and ultimately appeal, the story of creation of the Strugazkis moves consistently on the logically predetermined paths of their very misanthropic concept in this book ... The representatives of homo sapiens, who have so thoroughly put this planet and themselves to shame, don't even come as pupils or opponents of 'homo superior' into consideration; They are left to their unimportant and hopeless fate by the higher beings like harmless and unimportant insects. Man can no longer even be a nuisance to these creatures .. "

- Karsten Kruschel on The Lame Fate : The Pressure of Reality. In: Wolfgang Jeschke (Ed.): Das Science Fiction Jahr 1994 , Heyne, Munich, ISBN 3-453-07245-6 , p. 767 f.

"... a novel that can only be written by Russian writers: full of warm-hearted melancholy, with a pronounced tendency towards rather restrained action and a deep sense of the presence of the absurd ... And so the reader is shown what it is except in Russian Literature in this form only exists in Finnish films, namely characters who accept even the most absurd situations with stoic calm as something to come to terms with or which can be used as confirmation of one of the great theories about probability or chaos which, however, never leave traces of deformation in the deeply human soul. "

- Susanne Walter on interns : Wolfgang Jeschke (Ed.): Das Science Fiction Jahr 1997 , Heyne, Munich, ISBN 3-453-11896-0 , p. 813.

literature

Articles and contributions
  • Erik Simon : The well-arranged world of midday. Epilogue in: Noon 22nd century. Utopian stories. Edition Verlag Das Neue Berlin, 1977, pp. 329–341.
  • Erik Simon: Portrait of a god as an ant. Epilogue and readings on: A beetle in an anthill. Verlag Das Neue Berlin, 1984, pp. 221–240.
  • Erik Simon: The end of an era. On the death of Boris Strugazki. In: The Science Fiction Year 2013 , edited by Sascha Mamczak , Sebastian Pirling and Wolfgang Jeschke , Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich 2013, pp. 15–43. ISBN 978-3-453-53444-5 .
  • Erik Simon: Russian voices on the death of Boris Strugazki . In: Quarber Mercury . Franz Rottensteiner's literary magazine for science fiction and fantasy, Volume 114, 2013, ISBN 978-3-934273-93-1 , pp. 213-232.
  • Vsevolod Rewitsch: Fantasticism is not a topic, but a way of thinking. Attempt of a literary portrait: Arkadi and Boris Strugazki in the anthology Lichtjahr 3 (Verlag Das Neue Berlin, 1984, pp. 157–175).
  • Franz Rottensteiner (Ed.): Polaris [No.] 10. A Science Fiction Almanach, dedicated to Arkadi and Boris Strugatzki. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt 1986 (= Fantastic Library 171 / = Suhrkamp Taschenbuch 1248). Foreword by the editor, interview with Arkadi Strugatzki, texts by the brothers, essays by Erik Simon, Istvan Csicsery-Ronay jr., Diana Greene, Dagmar Barnouw , Halina Stephan and Florian F. Marzin.
  • Wl. Gakow: The noon of mankind. The world of the future in the Maxim-Kammerer trilogy of the Strugazkis. Epilogue in: The waves choke the wind. Verlag Das Neue Berlin, 1988, pp. 189–205.
  • Terminator Extra 5 for Arkadi & Boris Strugazki (SF-Fandom, published 1992) with texts by Hans-Peter Neumann, Ivo Gloss, J. Fleischmann, Boris Strugazki and Erik Simon, among others.
  • Quarber Merkur No. 93/94 (SF-Fandom, published 2001), Strugazki part with texts by Erik Simon, Mark Amusin, Oleg Schestopalow and a (then) current Strugazki bibliography.
  • Sebastian Pranz: One last interview with Boris Strugazki . In: Quarber Mercury . Franz Rottensteiner's literary magazine for science fiction and fantasy vol. 114, 2013, ISBN 978-3-934273-93-1 , pp. 233-237.
  • Boris Strugackij , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 05/1995 from January 23, 1995, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)
Lexicons

Web links

Weblinks Arkadi Strugazki

Web on the left of Boris Strugazki

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cover text of the work edition Arkadi and Boris Strugatzki, Volume 1, Heyne Verlag 2010, ISBN 978-3-453-52630-3 .
  2. ↑ Erik Simon, Arkadi & Boris Strugatzki: Life and Work . In: golkonda-verlag.de (PDF) p. 8.
  3. ↑ a b c Erik Simon, Arkadi & Boris Strugatzki: Life and Work , in: Golkonda Gazette (PDF; 1.4 MB) golkonda-verlag.de. Retrieved September 10, 2011, p. 8.
  4. ↑ ottosell.de
  5. ↑ The doppelganger from the mirror . In: FAZ , November 21, 2012, p. 29.
  6. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 9771 (PDF)
  7. ↑ Erik Simon, Arkadi & Boris Strugatzki: Leben und Werk , in: Golkonda Gazette (PDF; 1.4 MB) golkonda-verlag.de. Retrieved September 10, 2011. p. 10, p. 14.
  8. ↑ Erik Simon, Arkadi & Boris Strugatzki: Leben und Werk , in: Golkonda Gazette (PDF; 1.4 MB) golkonda-verlag.de. Retrieved September 10, 2011. p. 11.
  9. ↑ epilog.de ( Memento from March 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ Erik Simon, Arkadi & Boris Strugatzki: Leben und Werk , in: Golkonda Gazette (PDF; 1.4 MB) golkonda-verlag.de. Retrieved September 10, 2011. p. 15.
  11. ↑ Hannah Beitzer: Planet of Darkness. , Report in the Moscow German newspaper of April 2, 2009.
  12. ↑ Manfred Quiring: Russia's Most Expensive Film , message from February 2, 2008 in Die Welt Online .
  13. ↑ Prisoners of Power is the name of the English translation of the novel The Inhabited Island .
  14. ↑ Overview of the international version