August by Janson

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August by Janson

Rudolf August von Janson (born April 27, 1844 in Dothen, Heiligenbeil district , † December 1, 1917 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf ) was a Prussian infantry general and military writer.

Life

origin

August came from an old Scottish family who immigrated to the Netherlands in the 16th century. He was the son of August Philipp Alexander von Janson (1783–1869) and his wife Johanna Mathilde, née Besthorn (1798–1879). His father was a Prussian lieutenant colonel a. D. and Mr. auf Dothen (later Donskoje, no longer exists today).

Military career

Janson attended grammar school in Braunsberg from 1852 to July 1861 . On August 11, 1861, he joined the 12th Company of the 2nd East Prussian Grenadier Regiment No. 3 of the Prussian Army in Königsberg as a fusilier . After successfully attending the war school in Neisse , Janson was promoted to second lieutenant on November 11, 1862 . In position à la suite of his regiment , he was commanded to Gotha to the 1st Battalion of the Saxe-Coburgisch-Gotha Infantry Regiment on April 26, 1864 . With this he fought in 1866 during the German War in the Main Campaign near Langensalza , Oerlenbach , Hundheim and Roßbrunn . For his achievements at Hundsheim he received the Order of the Red Eagle, IV class with swords. After the peace treaty , Janson graduated from November 15, 1866 for three years at the military academy .

According to the military convention of June 26, 1867, the new infantry regiment No. 95 was formed from the three battalions of the regiment on October 1, 1867, and Janson was temporarily transferred to Hildburghausen on September 25, 1867 . Promoted to Prime Lieutenant on April 12, 1870 , he was assigned to accompany Prince Heinrich Reuss on his journey from June 15 to July 16, 1870 to Switzerland .

With his regiment Janson took after the beginning of the war against France at the XI. Army Corps participated in the Battle of Weissenburg . In the ensuing battle near Wörth he was seriously wounded by a rifle shot through his right arm and chest . Awarded the Iron Cross II. Class, Janson was not ready for use again until the end of February 1871 and from March 5, 1871 he acted as leader of the 3rd Company. From August 6th to September 21st, 1871, he led the 3rd replacement company and on October 21st, 1871 he was assigned to the General Staff in Berlin .

While being promoted to captain , Janson was transferred to the Great General Staff on April 18, 1872. From here he came to the General Staff of the 1st Army Corps in Königsberg on November 30, 1872 . This was followed by a use from June 26, 1876 to March 11, 1878 in the General Staff of the 2nd Division in Danzig . Then Janson served as chief of the 8th Company in the East Prussian Fusilier Regiment No. 33 , before he was reassigned to the General Staff on August 12, 1879. Promoted to major on October 18, 1879 , he was transferred to Army Affairs A at the War Department on November 14, 1879 . From September 1884, Janson was assigned to the Guard Rifle Battalion for one year and on September 16, 1885 was appointed commander of the Lauenburg Jäger Battalion No. 9 in Ratzeburg . In this position on March 22, 1887 promoted to lieutenant colonel, followed on February 14, 1888 his appointment as chief of the general staff of the IX. Army Corps in Altona . After his promotion to colonel on July 21, 1889, he went on an exploration tour of Italy in November 1890 .

Janson received the rank and fees of a brigade commander on January 27, 1891. He was promoted to major general on July 28, 1892 and at the end of the year he was appointed commander of the 55th Infantry Brigade in Karlsruhe . As such, he was commanded from September 6th to 13th, 1895 for the maneuvers of the Swiss Army . Coinciding with the promotion to lieutenant general Janson was on July 18, 1896 Commander of the 3rd Division in Szczecin appointed, until it finally on August 10, 1899 Pension under ceremony of the Crown , First Class with Swords to the disposition presented.

After saying goodbye, he devoted himself increasingly to his literary work on various military science topics . In 1902/03 he traveled to East Asia and on June 16, 1913 Wilhelm II gave him the character of General of the Infantry.

After his death, Janson was buried on December 4, 1917 in the Invalidenfriedhof .

family

Janson married Sara Hedwig Eva Henriette von Holtzendorff (1848–1929) on September 11, 1872 in Gotha . Several children emerged from the marriage, including the future German corvette captain Gerhard von Janson (born January 23, 1881).

Publications

  • How are the infantry exercise regulations designed? 1873.
  • Service of the General Staff in peace. ES Mittler & Sohn . Berlin 1899.
  • The young infantry officer and his tactical training. Berlin 1900.
  • The strategic and tactical interaction between the army and the navy. Kessinger Pub Co, 2010.
  • History of the Wars of Liberation, history of the 1814 campaign in France. 2 volumes, Berlin 1903.
  • The defensive strength of Japan is based on the characteristics of the country and its people. ES Mittler & Sohn. Berlin 1904.
  • Cooperation between the army and the navy in the Russo-Japanese war. Publisher R. Eisenschmidt. Berlin 1905.
  • King Friedrich Wilhelm III. in the battle. Ehv history. 2014. ISBN 978-3955645113 .
  • The problem of the English army reform. Deutsche Rundschau 1908. Issue 6
  • The raid by sea as a campaign introduction. War history study. Publisher R. Eisenschmidt. 1909.
  • Hans Karl von Winterfeldt, the Great King's Chief of Staff. Georg Stilke . Berlin 1913
  • The great King's legacy. Gebrüder Paetel Verlag . 1917.

Awards

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses , 1st year, Justus Perthes , Gotha 1901, p. 427.
  2. ↑ Marine Officer Association (Ed.): Honorary Ranking List of the Imperial German Navy 1914-18. Thormann & Goetsch. Berlin 1930. p. 169.
personal data
SURNAME Janson, August of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Janson, Rudolf August von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian general of the infantry
DATE OF BIRTH April 27, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Dothen, district of Heiligenbeil
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1917
Place of death Berlin-Wilmersdorf