Baozi

Baozi 包子
Baozi in steam basket from bamboo , 2016
Chinese name
Hanzi	包子
- Pinyin	Bāozi
- Zhuyin	ㄅㄠㄗㄧ ·
- Jyutping	Building ¹ room ²
- POJ	pau-á
Regional name
Cantonese
Hanzi	中式包
- Jyutping	Tongue ¹ sik ¹ baau ¹
Hokkien
Hanzi	燒包
- POJ	Sio-pau
Hanzi	肉包
- POJ	Bah-pau

Baozi ( Chinese 包子 , Pinyin bāozi , Jyutping baau ¹ zi ² - "filled yeast dumpling "; Hokkien 燒包 / 烧包 , shāobāo , Pe̍h-ōe-jī Sio-pau - "hot yeast dumpling") is a steamed , filled dumpling . It is popular in China and spread everywhere. Baozi exists in the various Chinese kitchens both as a main meal - especially in northern China - and as a snack or dimsum for between meals - mostly in southern China . A baozi is very similar to the Chinese mantou , which has no filling and can be eaten with all meals in China - often for breakfast. The filling varies greatly from region to region and can be made from meat - beef , pork and lamb, rarely also donkey meat or seafood, as well as from vegetarian ingredients such as red bean paste ( adzuki bean paste ), various types of vegetables , such as B. Pak Choi , Kailan , Chinese cabbage , Jiucai , mung bean sprouts , bamboo shoots or Shiitake mushrooms.

Classification

In general, baozi can also be differentiated according to its size as Dàbāo - 大包 - "large baozi" - diameter up to about 10 cm - or as Xiǎobāo - 小包 - "small baozi" - diameter up to about 5 cm. Baozi can, for example, also be divided into:

Sùbāo - 素包 , Jyutping sou ³ baau ¹ - Baozi with a vegetarian filling
Ròubāo - 肉包 , Jyutping juk ⁶ baau ¹ , Pe̍h-ōe-jī bah-pau - baozi with meat filling
Càibāo - 菜包 , Jyutping coi ³ baau ¹ - Baozi with vegetable filling
Tāngbāo - 湯包 / 汤包 , Jyutping tong ¹ baau ¹ - Baozi with a liquid filling, for example a broth .

history

According to legend, the baozi was invented by the military strategist Zhuge Liang in the 2nd century AD.

Trivia

As a culinary cultural export by overseas Chinese, the Chinese baozi has been known in various countries in East and Southeast Asia for centuries.

In Japan , baozi from China is generally known under the term Chūkaman - literally for Chinese yeast dumplings - 中華まん , also 中華饅 . In the oldest Chinese diaspora in Japan in Nagasaki , for example, the baozi food Kakuni Manjū - 角煮饅頭 aka Guàbāo - 割包 / 刈包 , Pe̍h-ōe-jī koah-pau - has been known for centuries.

In Cambodia , the homemade snack food is called Num Bao , which is often found as street food .

In Myanmar , baozi is widely used as a snack bar Pauk-si - 包子 , bāozi , Jyutping baau ¹ zi ¹ -.

In Thailand , Chinese Baozi is called Salapao - 燒包 / 烧包 , shāobāo , Pe̍h-ōe-jī sio-pau .

In Vietnam , the baozi known there as Bánh bao - 餅包 - is a local culinary development of the Dàbāo - 大包 - "great baozi" by immigrant Cantonese people .

In Indonesia , the Chinese minority there , the majority of which are from Fujian , introduced the Chinese baozi - 包子 , bāozi , Jyutping baau ¹ zi ¹ , Pe̍h-ōe-jī pau-á - into the local cuisine and integrated it as an integral part . The Indonesian Bakpau or Bahpau - 肉包 , ròubāo , Jyutping juk ⁶ baau ¹ , Pe̍h-ōe-jī bah-pau - originally comes from the regional Hokkien name from the Chinese Minyu region in southern and eastern China. In addition to the usual meat filling, Bakpau in Indonesia is also popular with a sweet or vegetarian filling, such as chocolate , jam or sweet potatoes . The Netherlands finally brought the Bapao to Europe as a former colonial power of Indonesia (see Dutch East Indies ) .

In Malaysia, with its long history of the Fujian overseas diaspora community, Malaysia's native cuisine knows this dish as pau - 包 , bāo , Jyutping baau ¹ , Pe̍h-ōe-jī pau . The Malay pau can be filled with potato, chicken or beef curry . Some fillings also contain eggs as an ingredient. Pau is offered as a halal food, as a large part of the Malaysian population is of Muslim faith . It is similar popular as the curry puff and is in snacks as a snack sold at night markets and on streets.

In the Philippines, the name Baozi of the local Chinese minority Siopao - 燒包 / 烧包 , Pe̍h-ōe-jī sio-pau - is again a name with etymological origins from the Hokkien region of the Fujian region of China. The variety of fillings in the Filipino Siopaos traditionally ranges from chicken and pork to salty pickled duck eggs. In the local diaspora, new ingredients such as local fish, shrimp, meatballs , chocolate and even cheese are used.

Baozi (selection)

image	Surname	Langz.	Abbrev.	Alternatively	filling	comment
	Chāshāobāo	叉燒包	叉烧包	Hawaii : Manapua	flesh	Chasiu / Charsiu ¹ - 叉燒 / 叉烧 , chāshāo , Jyutping caa ¹ siu ¹ , Yale chāsīu - Cantonese- style grilled pork
	Gǒubulǐ Bāozi	狗不理包子	狗不理包子	Gǒubulǐ ²	Meat, broth , vegetables and mushrooms	One of the best-known Tianjin -style baozi varieties ; Literally translated it means "The baozi that the dogs ignore".
	Xiǎolóngbāo ³	小籠包	小笼包	Shanghai : Siolon Meudoe	Meat and broth	Small baozi from Shanghai filled with strong broth . It differs from other baozi because of its unleavened dough.
	Shēngjiān Mántóu	生煎饅頭	生煎馒头	-	flesh	Small, meat-filled baozi with chives and sesame from Shanghai
	Yángzhōu Tāngbao	揚州湯包	扬州汤包	-	Meat and broth	Large Baozi Filled with Broth from Yangzhou ; the broth is drunk through a straw.
	Dòushābāo	豆沙包	豆沙包	Hokkien : Tāu-se-pau	Bean jam	Large baozi with sweet adzuki bean paste , see also Dorayaki
	Liánróngbāo	蓮蓉包	莲蓉包	-	Lotus seed jam	Big baozi with sweet lotus seed paste . Occasionally the baozi are also colored reddish.
	Nánguā Bāozi	南瓜包子	南瓜包子	-	Pumpkinism	Large baozi with a pumpkin filling.
	Píngānbāo	平安包	平安包	English : Ping On Bun	Lotus seed puree, sesame puree or bean puree	Baozi with various vegetarian fillings for the Daoist Dajiu festival on Cheung Chau Island in Hong Kong
	Nǎihuángbāo	奶皇包	奶皇包	-	Egg, butter and milk	Baozi with sweet milk cream
	Guàbāo ⁴	割包	刈包	Hokkien : koah-pau	meat and vegetables	Baozi with pork belly meat , pickled vegetables ⁵ and coriander
	Shuǐjiānbāo	水煎包	水煎包	-	Meat, seafood and vegetables	Baozi with pork, scallops , shrimp - regionally with white cabbage as vegetables
	Xiānròubāo	鮮肉包	鲜肉包	-	flesh	Baozi with pork, chives and ginger - seasoned with sugar, sesame oil and soy sauce
	Dàbāo	大包	大包	-	Meat, vegetables, hard-boiled egg , mushrooms	Baozi with pork and other unspecific ingredients - known locally as Shāobāo - 燒包 / 烧包 - aka Sio-pau , Siopao , Salapao or Ròubāo - 肉包 - aka Bah-pau , Bakpao , Bapao .
-	Pòsū Bāozi	破酥包子	破酥包子	-	Meat, ham , mushrooms and chives	Baozi with pork, Yunnan ham, chives, shiitake, ginger, soy sauce , or similar. There are also vegetarian posu-baozi with pickled vegetables or black sesame paste.
-	Yácàibāo	芽菜包	芽菜包	-	Meat, sprouts and pickled vegetables	Baozi with mung bean sprouts , hot spices, pickled Sichuan-style vegetables and meat
-	Kāyāngbāo	咖央包	咖央包	Hokkien : Ka-ia-pau ⁶	Coconut jam	Kaya , a spread made from caramelized sugar, coconut milk, and eggs that is popular in Malaysia and Singapore .
-	Jiǔcàibāo	韮菜包	韮菜包	-	Jiucai ⁷	Baozi with garlic and chives
-	Zhīmábāo	芝麻包	芝麻包	-	Sesame	Baozi with black sesame paste

annotation

¹ Chasiu / Charsiu - 叉燒 / 叉烧 , chāshāo , Jyutping caa ¹ siu ¹ , Yale chāsīu , English barbecued pork - "grilled pork Cantonese style" - literally means "something to grill on a spit" or "grilled food on a spit" and is a regional one Guangdong specialty .

² In the English-speaking world is Gǒubulǐ / Gǒu bulǐ - 狗不理 - even garbled as Go Believe .

³ Regional name Siolon Meudoe - 小籠饅頭 / 小笼馒头 , xiǎolóng mántóu - in the area of the Wu Regiolekt in China.

^4th Guàbāo literally means "cut baozi", in English it is also commonly referred to as pork belly bun . In Japan - especially in Nagasaki's Chinatown - it has been known as Kakuni Manjū - 角煮饅頭 - for centuries. In Taiwan it is colloquially known as Hǔyǎozhū - 虎咬豬 / 虎咬猪 , Pe̍h-ōe-jī hó͘-kā-ti - "Tiger bites pig" - popular. In Hong Kong it is known as Chābāo - 叉包 . In London it is called Hirata Bun after Masashi Hirata - head of a Japanese ramen restaurant chain - 博多一風堂 Hakata Ippūdō . In Singapore it is called kong-bak-pau - 炕肉包 , kàngròubāo , Pe̍h-ōe-jī khòng-bah-pau .

⁵ China is traditionally sour or salty pickled vegetables - 酸菜 , suāncài , Jyutping syn ⁴ coi ³ - "sour vegetables" or 鹹菜 / 咸菜 , Xiancai , Jyutping Ha'am ⁴ coi ³ - "salty vegetables" - in the north mostly Chinese cabbage used ( see kimchi ). In the south of China, on the other hand, Kailan is usually used for this.

^6th Also known in China as Kāyēbāo - 咖吔包 , Pe̍h-ōe-jī ka-ia-pau or 咖椰包 -.

^7th The Jiucai vegetable - mostly known as garlic and chives in Germany - is scientifically part of a vegetarian dish, but not in the religious sense for followers of Buddhism and Daoism . Vegetables such as garlic-chives , garlic , chives and onions belong to the Hūnshí - 葷食 / 荤食 , Jyutping fan ¹ sik ⁶ - "Food with a strong smell or meat dish" - a taboo food.

photos

Baozi - food and preparation
Gǒubulǐ menu - pickled egg, salad and wrap , Tianjin 2010
Gǒubulǐ - preparation, 2010
Chūkaman - Convenience Store , Japan 2009
Domestic baozi preparation - meat filling, 2013

Please refer

Web links

Commons : Baozi - collection of images

Individual evidence

↑ Sofia Food Paradise. In: sofiafoodparadise.blogspot.com. December 23, 2015, accessed April 10, 2020 (Burmese).
↑ Wutyee Food House. In: www.wutyeefoodhouse.com. March 24, 2010, accessed April 10, 2020 (Burmese).
↑ Chinese Food 49: Goubuli Stuffed Bun 狗不理包子. In: cn.hujiang.com. January 28, 2013, accessed April 9, 2020 (Chinese, English, article origin renmin.net ).
^ Carolyn J. Phillips: All Under Heaven: Recipes from the 35 Cuisines of China - 天下之最 . McSweeney's, Ten Speed Press, San Francisco, Berkeley 2016, ISBN 978-1-60774-982-0 , pp. 48 , The North & Manchurian Northeast - The Recipies - Gǒubulǐ Bāozi: Ignored by the Dogs Filled Buns (English, preview in Google Book Search - Foreword by Ken Hom).
↑ 雲南破酥包子 / 云南破酥包子 - Yunnan's Poshu-Baozi. In: www.xiachufang.com. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustration for Poshu-baozi - a specialty from the Yunnana kitchen).
↑ 破酥包 / 破酥包 - Poshubao. In: www.xiangha.com. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustration for Poshu-baozi - a specialty from the Yunnana kitchen).
↑ 酸菜破酥包 / 酸菜破酥包. Suancai Poshubao. In: rulichsu.pixnet.net. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustrations for the vegetarian poshu-baozi with pickled vegetables).
↑ 香辣芽菜包 - Fragrant Hot Yacaibao. In: home.meishichina.com. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustrations for Yacaibao).

[pauksi_01-1] Sofia Food Paradise. In: sofiafoodparadise.blogspot.com. December 23, 2015, accessed April 10, 2020 (Burmese).

[pauksi_02-2] Wutyee Food House. In: www.wutyeefoodhouse.com. March 24, 2010, accessed April 10, 2020 (Burmese).

[3] Chinese Food 49: Goubuli Stuffed Bun 狗不理包子. In: cn.hujiang.com. January 28, 2013, accessed April 9, 2020 (Chinese, English, article origin renmin.net ).

[C_Phillips-4] Carolyn J. Phillips: All Under Heaven: Recipes from the 35 Cuisines of China - 天下之最 . McSweeney's, Ten Speed Press, San Francisco, Berkeley 2016, ISBN 978-1-60774-982-0 , pp. 48 , The North & Manchurian Northeast - The Recipies - Gǒubulǐ Bāozi: Ignored by the Dogs Filled Buns (English, preview in Google Book Search - Foreword by Ken Hom).

[posubao_01-5] 雲南破酥包子 / 云南破酥包子 - Yunnan's Poshu-Baozi. In: www.xiachufang.com. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustration for Poshu-baozi - a specialty from the Yunnana kitchen).

[posubao_02-6] 破酥包 / 破酥包 - Poshubao. In: www.xiangha.com. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustration for Poshu-baozi - a specialty from the Yunnana kitchen).

[posubao_03-7] 酸菜破酥包 / 酸菜破酥包. Suancai Poshubao. In: rulichsu.pixnet.net. Retrieved on April 26, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustrations for the vegetarian poshu-baozi with pickled vegetables).

[yacaibao_01-8] 香辣芽菜包 - Fragrant Hot Yacaibao. In: home.meishichina.com. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (Chinese, recipe and illustrations for Yacaibao).