Bavarian Lower Main
The Bavarian Lower Main is a region that forms the westernmost part of the Bavarian district of Lower Franconia and thus the north-westernmost tip of Bavaria. The vernacular also speaks of the "tail tassel of the Bavarian lion". The region has external borders with Hesse and Baden-Württemberg . From the rest of Lower Franconia and thus Bavaria, the Bavarian Lower Main is spatially differentiated by the Spessart . The most important city as the main center of the entire region is Aschaffenburg , followed by the middle centers Miltenberg , Alzenau and Obernburg / Elsenfeld / Erlenbach .
Geographic definition
The Lower Main is the term used to describe the lower course of the Main from the point where the course of the river between Spessart and Odenwald enters the Main Plain and flows past Hanau , Offenbach and Frankfurt am Main towards the Rhine , into which it flows at Mainz-Kostheim . The first part of this route is covered on Bavarian soil, hence the name Bayerischer Untermain there .
politic and economy
Politically, the Bavarian Lower Main planning region defines itself as a community of local authorities
In order to coordinate the spatial development of the Bavarian Lower Main region, the districts, the city of Aschaffenburg and the rural districts have come together to form the Bavarian Lower Main Regional Planning Association. As the responsible body for regional planning, this association represents the interests of 369,000 residents.
The Bayerischer Untermain initiative was founded to organize regional marketing and management, and the city of Aschaffenburg, the district of Aschaffenburg and the district of Miltenberg take over the financing. The work is carried out jointly by the three regional authorities as well as the Aschaffenburg Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Chamber of Crafts for Lower Franconia. The government of Lower Franconia is accompanying the work. The most important goal of the initiative is to try to market the region as a Bavarian part of the Rhine-Main area .
The economy of the Bavarian Lower Main is strongly influenced by its proximity to the Hessian Rhine-Main area . The financial district of Frankfurt am Main and Frankfurt Airport are around 50 kilometers from downtown Aschaffenburg and can be reached via the A3 motorway.
Many employees live in the Bavarian Lower Main who work in cities in the Hessian Rhine-Main area. At the same time, many people commute from the structurally weak Spessart to cities such as Aschaffenburg , Miltenberg and Alzenau .
In relation to the number of employees subject to social security contributions, the automation and mechatronics , logistics , automotive and IT sectors are of outstanding importance for the region. Regional partnerships take place within these sectors, e. B. in the vehicle safety cooperation network .
Individual communities in the region around Miltenberg market themselves in tourism under the term Churfranken .
life quality
The Bavarian Lower Main region regularly achieves top scores in the major Internet survey “ Perspective Germany ”, which was organized for the fifth time in 2005/2006 in cooperation with the McKinsey management consultancy , Stern magazine , ZDF and the Web.de Internet portal . In this survey, the life satisfaction of the residents in 117 planning regions is determined.
In the survey published in spring 2006, the Bavarian Lower Main took second place in the “urbanized regions” category. After all, 82 percent of those surveyed were “very satisfied” with their region. In the overall ranking, which also includes the categories of the big cities, the regions surrounding the big cities and the rural regions, the Bavarian Lower Main came in eighth in Germany. For this survey, between October 2005 and January 2006 around 620,000 people were interviewed using an Internet questionnaire.
traffic
The Bavarian Lower Main is well connected to the most important transport routes in Europe, both on land, on water and in the air.
Street
The A3 motorway crosses the Spessart on its way from Frankfurt to Würzburg in a west-east direction and passes Aschaffenburg in the north. The motorway A 45 Dortmund-Aschaffenburg meets their way south a few kilometers from the junction Aschaffenburg-West on Seligenstädter triangle on the A3 and ends here. The north-south axis of the Bavarian Lower Main forms the federal highway 469 , which connects the district towns of Aschaffenburg and Miltenberg.
Holiday roads and hiking trails open up the region for tourism . These include the German half-timbered route , the Nibelungenstrasse , the German Limes road as well as the Franconian red wine hiking trail and the donkey trail .
rail
Aschaffenburg main station is on the railway line from Frankfurt to Würzburg and is an ICE stop. The northernmost point of the railway line and the border with Lower Franconia is Kahl am Main .
In October 2005 it was announced that Aschaffenburg will be the headquarters of the transport company of the new West Franconian Railway as the sixth DB regional network in Germany . She is responsible for the connections between Aschaffenburg-Miltenberg, Miltenberg-Seckach, Miltenberg-Wertheim, Wertheim-Crailsheim / Heilbronn and Lauda-Würzburg.
The Kahl – Schöllkrippen railway connects the northern part of the Bavarian Lower Main ( Kahlgrund ) with the Rhine-Main area by rail.
Waterway
The Aschaffenburg inland port , which is one of the most important in Bavaria, is located on the Main . A logistics center with a supraregional appeal is being created on the port's premises through the settlement of relevant companies . With this transshipment point, the Bavarian Lower Main is on the European waterway that leads from the North Sea to the Black Sea .
The inland port is managed by bayernhafen Aschaffenburg , a subsidiary of bayernhafen GmbH & Co. KG , which emerged from the Bavarian state port administration in 2005. In the meantime, more than 60 companies from the logistics , supply , recycling and production sectors with around 2,000 employees have settled here. Around 6,000 jobs in the region depend indirectly on this logistics center.
The port is the largest commercial and industrial area on the Bavarian Lower Main with one million square meters of settlement area and transport links via road, rail and water. In the port, container loading and cargo handling between all three modes of transport are carried out, including liquid loading with marine loaders.
air traffic
The airfield Aschaffenburg in Grossostheim -Ringheim is a commercial airport that is established primarily for business travel.
Public transport
Within the city of Aschaffenburg , a total of 15 bus lines run by Stadtwerke Aschaffenburg every 15, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. The district of Aschaffenburg , the district of Miltenberg and some Hessian destinations are served by five lines of the KVG and twelve lines of the VU . The transport community on the Bavarian Lower Main , the VAB , is formed with four other Deutsche Bahn AG railway lines .
history
When the Romans extended the Limes from the Rhine to the right tributaries of the river around the year 100 AD, they built some forts in the area of today's Bavarian Lower Main to fortify the border with the Teutons. The course of the Upper German-Raetian Limes corresponded in this area to the course of the Main in north-south direction between Großkrotzenburg and Miltenberg . The erection of walls, palisades and ditches was dispensed with. The Main was considered to be a sufficient fortification (“ wet Limes ”). On July 15, 2005 , this ground monument was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List .
During the migration period , the area was populated by Alemanni , who were later pushed south by the Franks .
At the time of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation , the Bavarian Lower Main essentially belonged to the Archdiocese and Electorate of Mainz . Large parts of the region formed the largest contiguous part of the secularly governed territory of Mainz as the "Upper Erzstift". Aschaffenburg was the second residence and the main administrative seat of the Archbishops of Mainz. The region's wineries and the Spessart forests were important sources of income.
After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803, the region belonged to the Principality of Aschaffenburg , from 1810 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt and from 1814 or 1816 to the Kingdom of Bavaria .
During the Second World War , the city of Aschaffenburg in particular was the target of heavy air raids. After the Second World War, many refugees and displaced persons settled in the region, especially from Czechoslovakia .
Linguistic
The border between the Central German and Upper German dialects runs through the Bavarian district of Lower Franconia and thus separates the Bavarian Lower Main from the Bavarian-East Franconian language area. A Middle German dialect is spoken in the Bavarian Lower Main ( Lower Main , see South Hessian dialect ), which is very similar to the Hessian dialect of the Rhine-Main area - except for the city dialect of Aschaffenburg, which for historical reasons comes from the Mainz dialect (e.g. for "Main") , "Stein": "Mää", "Stää", while the surrounding area and also southern Hesse say "Maa" and "Staa"). This makes the Bavarian Lower Main, along with the Ludwigsstadt area and a few smaller areas such as the area around Bad Brückenau , where an East Hessian dialect is spoken due to its earlier affiliation with Fulda , the only region of Bavaria in which no Upper German dialect is spoken.
The following is a voice sample from the work of an Aschaffenburg local poet:
- Greetings to Ascheberg
- I see my country, cute, sunny, peaceful,
- I see my Ascheberg, so kloor, so wonderfully,
- I see my Landsleit funny and rentable,
- Hipp my heart in front of Frääd, houch up!
- I know every street, every house,
- I know every baam and mountain
- Kä Wunner! It's my home!
- It's my Ascheberg!
- ...
- (From: Gustav Trockenbrodt , "Ascheberger Sprüch '", 1900)
See also dialects in Bavaria .
Sports
Due to the good transport connections to densely populated areas in Hesse, it is common in some sports for clubs in the Bavarian Lower Main to be members of the respective Hessian state associations. The journeys to external competitions are kept shorter, especially on the district and state levels. For this reason it can happen that the Hessian champion is based in a certain sport discipline in the Bavarian Lower Main.
The most famous athletes from the region at the moment are the wrestler Reiner Heugabel and the show jumper Otto Becker . The TV Großwallstadt made long the only Bavarian team in the National Handball League Men. The club was German champion six times between 1978 and 1990. A handball performance center is currently being built in Großwallstadt as the official base of the Bavarian Handball Association. In the medium term, it is planned to expand into a federal performance center.
Born in Aschaffenburg, Felix Magath , former German national soccer player, started his soccer career at VfR Nilkheim in Aschaffenburg and led the Bundesliga team of FC Bayern Munich in 2006 as coach and VfL Wolfsburg to the championship in 2009 .
The former German national soccer player, ex-world champion (1990) and ex-European champion (1996) Andy Möller joined SV Viktoria Aschaffenburg 01 on December 20, 2006 in the field of sports organization and sponsorship . From July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008 Möller worked at the club as head coach. Viktoria Aschaffenburg played in the Regionalliga Süd in the 2008/09 season. At the end of the season, however, the club voluntarily withdrew to the Hessen League for financial reasons .
The football player Marcel Schäfer , who was part of the German national team for the first time in November 2008 , was born in Aschaffenburg and started his sporting career as an amateur at SV Eintracht Strassbessenbach and SV Viktoria Aschaffenburg 01, until he moved to TSV 1860 in Munich and later to the professional camp. Under coach Felix Magath, he won the German soccer championship with VfL Wolfsburg in 2009.
The German national handball player Dominik Klein was born in Obernburg am Main and began his career at TUSPO Obernburg before starting his professional career at TV Großwallstadt.
The Tanzsportclub (TSC) Schwarz-Gold Aschaffenburg eV is the third largest club of its kind in Germany and regularly wins national and international championship titles. It maintains a very large and modern dance sport center which was opened in March 2007 and houses many dance branches.
The Hessian Wrestling Association is the main user of the Aschaffenburg wrestling performance center, which has been in training since 2003 and is located in a former sports hall of the American armed forces.
Viticulture
The Bavarian Lower Main is part of the western part of the Franconian wine-growing region ("Mainviereck") and is divided into two major locations and several wine locations without major locations.
Major location Reuschberg
- Hörstein ( Alzenau ): Abtsberg
Major location Heiligenthal
- Großostheim : Reischklingenberg, Harstell
Large layers free
- Aschaffenburg : Pompejaner, Godelsberg, Badberg
- Bürgstadt : Mainhölle, Centgrafenberg
- Dorfprozelten : Predigtstuhl
- Eichenbühl : high mountain
- Engelberg ( Großheubach ): monastery garden
- Erlenbach am Main : Hochberg
- Großheubach : Bischofsberg
- Großwallstadt : Lützeltaler Berg
- Klingenberg am Main : Einsiedel, Schlossberg
- Kreuzwertheim : Kaffelstein
- Mainaschaff : Kapellenberg
- Michelbach (Alzenau) : Goldberg, Steinberg, Aloisengarten, Apostelgarten
- Miltenberg : Stone brooders
- Obernau : Sanderberg
- Rottenberg : Graefenstein
- Rück ( Elsenfeld ): Johannisberg, Jesuitenberg, Schalk
- Waterless ( Alzenau ): Schloßberg, Luhmännchen
- Wörth a. Main : Gallows hump, Campestres
See also: List of wine locations in Franconia