Obernburg am Main

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Obernburg a.Main
Obernburg am Main
Map of Germany, position of the city of Obernburg a.Main highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 50 '  N , 9 ° 8'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Lower Franconia
County : Miltenberg
Height : 127 m above sea level NHN
Area : 24.83 km 2
Residents: 8659 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 349 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 63785
Area code : 06022
License plate : MIL, OBB
Community key : 09 6 76 145
City structure: 2 districts

City administration address :
Römerstrasse 62–64
63785 Obernburg
Website : www.obernburg.de
Mayor : Dietmar Fieger ( CSU )
Location of the city of Obernburg am Main in the Miltenberg district
Aschaffenburg Landkreis Aschaffenburg Landkreis Main-Spessart Hohe Wart (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Gemeindefreies Gebiet Forstwald Gemeindefreies Gebiet Hohe Berg Collenberg Dorfprozelten Altenbuch Wörth am Main Weilbach (Bayern) Sulzbach am Main Stadtprozelten Schneeberg (Unterfranken) Rüdenau Röllbach Obernburg am Main Niedernberg Neunkirchen (Unterfranken) Mönchberg Mömlingen Miltenberg Leidersbach Laudenbach (Unterfranken) Klingenberg am Main Kleinwallstadt Kleinheubach Kirchzell Hausen (bei Aschaffenburg) Großwallstadt Großheubach Faulbach Eschau (Unterfranken) Erlenbach am Main Elsenfeld Eichenbühl Bürgstadt Amorbach Amorbach Hessen Baden-Württembergmap
About this picture

Obernburg (officially: Obernburg a.Main , local : Omborsch ) is a town in the Lower Franconian district of Miltenberg and is located at the mouth of the Mümling , which is also called Mömling in the lower course, into the Main at the eastern foot of the Odenwald .

geography

terrain

Obernburg is bounded by two ridges in the south and north-west of the urban area. The southern ridge, the so-called "Obernburger Stadtwald" is used for forestry. In the direction of the Eisenbach district, the use - with the topography slowly becoming flatter - changes to agricultural land. The banks of the Mümling and the Main are mainly used as settlement areas. The north-western ridge is only partially forested. Agricultural use has established itself on this ridge.

The topographically highest point in the urban area is the so-called Querberg at 345  m above sea level. NN , the lowest is on the Main at 116.5  m above sea level. NN .

Location of the city

Obernburg is on the left side of the Main, at the confluence of the Mümling in the Main , roughly halfway between the district town of Miltenberg and the independent town of Aschaffenburg .

The city borders on the municipality of Großwallstadt in the north . In the south of the city is the city ​​of Wörth a. Main . In the southwest and west, the Hessian communities in the eastern Odenwaldkreis - Lützelbach and Breuberg - border the municipality. The north-western neighboring community Mömlingen describes itself as "the gateway to the Odenwald". Above the Main, in the east, lies the Elsenfeld market and south of it the town of Erlenbach a. Main .

City structure

The political municipality of Obernburg has four officially named parts of the municipality in two districts.

The parts of the municipality are located in the districts of the formerly independent municipalities of Obernburg and Eisenbach.

Surname

etymology

The name Obernburg is composed of the Old High German words oboro , within the meaning of higher or further located above and burc for a fortified place . As an explanation, this results in a fortified place further up the valley (as Niedernburg, today Niedernberg ) .

Earlier spellings

Earlier spellings of the place from various historical maps and documents:

  • 1183 Ouerenburch
  • 1184 Obirinburc
  • 1259 Oberenburg
  • 1279 Obernburg
  • 1964 Obernburg am Main

population

Population development

Population development of Obernburg am Main

Obernburg's population was at the first official record, the census of December 1, 1840, at 2534 inhabitants. In the course of the 19th century, the number of inhabitants stagnated at this level - despite the city's status as a royal Bavarian district court . Only at the beginning of the 20th century did the population increase steadily. In 1900 the city had 2568 inhabitants, in 1925 it was 2992 and in 1939 there were already 3651 people in Obernburg. After the end of the Second World War , the population rose again. This happened in particular because war displaced persons were settled in Obernburg. The naming of two streets in what was then the new development area in Sudetenstrasse and Schlesierstrasse prove this increase in the number of inhabitants to 4899 inhabitants in 1950. The baby boom of the 1950s and 60s brought Obernburg a further increase in population, so that on May 27, 1970 - the last census before the incorporation of Eisenbach - 6124 people lived in Obernburg. At the next census in 1987, the combined population was 7,405.

The 2011 census found a population of 8,571. Since then, the city has only grown slightly to 8,647 inhabitants in 2016.

Religions

The population of the city of Obernburg is traditionally Christian . This is confirmed by the numbers on religious affiliation in 2011. There, of 8,571 inhabitants, 5,124 people or 59.8 percent of the population stated that they belong to the Catholic denomination and a further 1158 people, corresponding to 13.5 percent of the inhabitants, declared themselves to be part of the Evangelical Lutheran church community. It is worth mentioning, however, that the proportion of the Catholic population has decreased both in percentage and nominally and the proportion of Protestant Christians has increased in nominal terms. In 1987 there were still 5757 people (at that time corresponding to 77.7 percent of the population) members of the Catholic Church and only 992 (corresponding to 13.4 percent of the population) were members of the Protestant community.

Population structure

In the last census in 2011, Obernburger recorded a proportion of foreigners (population without German citizenship ) of 7.9 percent or 676 inhabitants. This corresponds with the national German average in the same year, which was also 7.9 percent of the population and was thus slightly below the Bavarian national average of 8.5 percent of the population.

Obernburg can boast a high purchasing power compared to its surroundings. The population of Obernburg has a purchasing power index that is around 15 index points higher than the two neighboring towns of Elsenfeld and Erlenbach, which are roughly the same size . The purchasing power of Obernburg is also higher than that of the entire district of Miltenberg and is even slightly higher than the purchasing power of the city of Aschaffenburg and is around the level of the state average in Bavaria.

history

Obernburg and Eisenbach in Paul Pfinzing's Spessart map from 1594 (north is on the right)

Roman settlement

Around 107/110 AD the Romans built the Obernburg fort as an outpost and to secure the border of the Nassen Limes . In local parlance, the fortification was also called Nemaninga . The most important camp roads of the fort can still be seen today in the soft landscape of Obernburg's old town . The Roman troops stayed until around AD 260/275. Subsequently, Germanic tribes settled the place during the migration of peoples .

Middle Ages and elevation to the city

There are no records from the early Middle Ages, only from 1183 onward writings about the village of Ouerenburch appear again . In that year a certain pastor Heinrich donated revenues to Obernburg vineyards to the Aschaffenburg Abbey . In particular through a dispute between the Lords of Klingenberg and the Collegiatsstift Aschaffenburg, both of whom had large estates in Obernburg, in 1282 , the otherwise rather insignificant place found its way into history.

On March 25, 1313 Oberburg was the Mainz Archbishop Peter von Aspelt a town. The city charter was confirmed by King Ludwig of Bavaria on July 27, 1317 in a document issued in Aschaffenburg . The archbishop of Mainz raised the city to the rank of town because of tactical considerations in order to secure the holdings of the people of Kurmain on the Lower Main and to expand their power and wealth.

Obernburg comes to Bavaria

Up until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803, Obernburg belonged to the Mainz Electorate , then to the newly founded Principality of Aschaffenburg , which became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt in 1810 . In 1814 Obernburg became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria . In 1861 the city becomes the seat of the district office and the district court of Obernburg.

20th century

During the 1918 revolution , a workers 'and peasants' council was formed in Obernburg . Its chairman is the innkeeper Johann Elbert ( USPD ). From February to March 1919 a revolutionary action committee under Elbert's leadership took over power in the district office. Elbert's attempt to proclaim the Soviet republic in Obernburg in early April 1919 failed.

In 1939, the Bavarian districts were renamed Landkreis and the district offices were renamed Landratsamt. Obernburg was now the administrative seat of the district of the same name Obernburg . At the end of the Second World War Obernburg was occupied by American troops in 1945 and now belonged to the American zone of occupation . The Americans set up their military government for the district in Obernburg, with Captain BH Logan as chief.

The district of Obernburg was dissolved in the course of the regional reform in Bavaria on June 30, 1972 and went over to the newly formed district of Miltenberg .

Incorporations

On May 1, 1978, the previously independent community of Eisenbach was incorporated.

politics

European elections

In the 2019 European elections , the CSU won 37.71%, the SPD 10.61%, the Greens 20.48%, AfD 8.6% and other parties 22.59%. The turnout was 60.74%.

In the 2014 European elections , the CSU received 42.11%, the SPD 21.17%, The Greens 11.35%, AfD 7.95% and others 17.42%. The turnout was 40.64%.

City council

Party / List: CSU SPD / Greens Active list Free voters total
Seats: 9 4th 4th 3 20 seats
Share of votes: 44.2% 22.1% 17.6% 16.1% 100%
  • After a few changes of faction, the situation in Obernburg's city council (as of November 2018) is as follows:
fraction CSU SPD Active list Free voters total
Seats: 8th 4th 4th 4th 20 seats
Percentage 40% 20% 20% 20% 100%
Party / List: CSU Green SPD Active list Free voters total
Seats: 7th 4th 1 3 5 20 seats
Share of votes: 37.3% 18.6% 6.4% 13.6% 24.1 100%

Mayor of the city

  • 1869–1887: Peter Kreß
  • 1887–1894: Eduard Deckelmann
  • 1894–1919: Eduard Deckelmann
  • 1919–1933: Heinrich Wörn
  • 1933–1937: Heinrich Störrlein (NSDAP)
  • 1937–1945: Heinrich Störrlein (NSDAP)
  • 1945–1945: Anton Reis
  • 1945–1964: Willy Nees
  • 1964–1975: Valentin Ballmann (FDP)
  • 1975–2002: Wendelin Imhof
  • 2002–2014: Walter Berninger (CSU)
  • since 2014: Dietmar Fieger (CSU)00

Town twinning

Obernburg is twin town of Aszód in Hungary .

coat of arms

The first Obernburg coat of arms has been documented by the seal guide since 1465. In this the city still used the Mainz bike . In the course of joining the Kingdom of Bavaria, this connection with the former sovereigns had to be cut. That is why the city has had the current coat of arms since 1819.

The coat of arms shows a red stag in silver on a green shield base , carrying a golden grape with a green vine in its mouth. There is a cut green tree on the edge of the shield. The deer symbolizes the hunting license , the deciduous tree the forest and the vine branch the viticulture .

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Agricultural and craft character

Up to the beginning of the 20th century, Obernburg's economy was mainly characterized by agriculture and craftsmanship. The red sandstone or red sandstone , which occurs around Obernburg , has been a sought-after raw material since Roman times . The Romans used it for the construction of fortifications or the production of consecration and gravestones, which is regularly documented by finds in Obernburg. However, the red sandstone and its beautiful color were also valued and dismantled after this time - for example when the Aschaffenburg Castle was built . The tradition of mining red sandstone lasted until the beginning of the 20th century, when this branch of industry was given up due to the use of modern building materials. However, sandstone houses can still be admired on a tour of Obernburg's old town. In addition, many of the typical vaulted cellars in Obernburg are clad with red sandstone.

Viticulture has played a major role in agriculture since the Middle Ages, but this eventually changed in favor of fruit growing. In the course of this, the Obernburg fruit processing cooperative (OVGO) was founded in 1890, which was to develop into an important center for fruit processing and the fruit trade on the Lower Main and shaped the entrance to the city for decades.

Late industrialization

With the establishment of Bayerische Glanzstoff-Fabrik AG in 1919 on the opposite bank of the Main, the city slowly industrialized. Today this industrial site bears the name Industrie Center Obernburg (ICO). Various types of man-made fibers are traditionally produced on the site. In addition, numerous small companies from various industries can be found at the location. These use the advantages of the location with the optimal transport connections to the Frankfurt economic area, which is secured by the historic industrial railway connection, the ship landing stage on the Main and the four-lane B469 motorway slip road . Although the industrial center bears the name Obernburg and this is also the place of the postal address, it is only located in the districts of the municipalities of Erlenbach am Main and Elsenfeld .

today

The only industrial area in Obernburg is located near the Eisenbach district in the south of the city and can be reached directly via federal highway 469 and federal highway 426. Diverse medium-sized industrial and service companies have settled there. The largest and internationally known company here is Reis Robotics, which was taken over by KUKA in 2014 .

Infrastructure

Federal highways

Obernburg is located with three junctions on the federal highway 469 . At the junction Obernburg-Süd the federal highway 426 begins , which crosses the northern Odenwald and ends in Gernsheim am Rhein.

railroad

The station Obernburg-Elsenfeld is located on the railway line Aschaffenburg-Miltenberg . It is given particular importance as a stop for the regional express. The Obernburg-Elsenfeld-Heimbuchenthal railway branched off here and has been closed since 1968.

Main bridges

The Main Bridge Obernburg / Elsenfeld ( Staatsstrasse 2308 ) for vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians and an additional pedestrian bridge (also approved for cyclists) span the Main and connect Obernburg with the Elsenfeld opposite .

Public facilities

Agencies and public authorities

For historical reasons there are a large number of offices and authorities in Obernburg.

  • District court Obernburg
  • Police station in Obernburg
  • Branch of the employment agency
  • Obernburg tax office with a branch in Amorbach
  • Office of the District Office Miltenberg
  • Vehicle registration office

The district court of Obernburg is the competent jurisdiction for the district of Miltenberg. The Obernburg police station is responsible for the former district of Obernburg, excluding Pflaumheim and Wenigumstadt - i.e. today's north of the district of Miltenberg. The employment agency also has a branch in the city. The Obernburg tax office with its Amorbach branch is the responsible tax office for the Miltenberg district. The Miltenberg district office also maintains an office in the former district town for historical reasons - which is why there is still a vehicle registration office in Obernburg. As the old district town, Obernburg used to be the seat of the Obernburg Regional Court .

Educational institutions

Obernburg also presents itself as an important location for educational institutions.

  • Johannes Obernburger Primary School
  • Middle School Obernburg a. Main
  • Main-Limes-Realschule
  • Vocational high school Obernburg - technical high school and vocational high school
  • State vocational school Miltenberg-Obernburg
  • Dr.-Albert-Liebmann-Schule - School for language training
  • Music School Obernburg

The general education schools in Obernburg include the Johannes-Obernburger-Grundschule, the Mittelschule Obernburg a. Main and the Main-Limes Realschule . Vocational schools are the Miltenberg-Obernburg State Vocational School , the Vocational School for Commercial Assistants and the Obernburg Vocational School . Otherwise there is the Dr.-Albert-Liebmann - School for language training and a music school in Obernburg.

Other facilities

There are three day-care centers in Obernburg - the day-care center “Adventure House”, the day-care center “Altstadt” and the day-care center “Sonnenhügel”. In addition, there is a municipal library , two fire stations , two Catholic and one Evangelical Lutheran churches and two cemeteries in Obernburg .

tourism

Attractions

Upper gate, exterior view 2015
Remains of the Bacheburg at Neustädter Hof near Eisenbach

Obernburg's eventful history is visible through the remaining parts of the city ​​fortifications . The looped fortifications and the preserved towers can be viewed on a circular route. What have been preserved - clockwise - are the Upper Gate, the Bag Tower, the Round Tower, the Hexenturm, the Lower Gate, the Gump Tower and the Almosenturm. The town hall in the center of the old town and the Anna chapel on the former Mühlbach are also worth seeing . An insider tip is the view from the Mittlere Höhenweg - popularly known as the " Franzosenweg" - of the old town and the central Main valley.

The Baroque church in the Eisenbach district is worth a detour.

The remains of the medieval Bacheburg are also close to the Neustädterhof .

Culture

Cabaret

In Obernburg is the nationally known cabaret Kochsmühle , where cabaret artists such as Urban Priol , Ottfried Fischer and Django Asül have performed.

Museums

The Römermuseum Obernburg is dedicated to the traces of Roman settlement in Obernburg and the surrounding area. The Eisenbacher Heimatmuseum is housed in the former new town hall of the district.

Regular events

  • Since 1517, the Anna festival has been celebrated annually in Obernburg on the Sunday before or after St. Anna's Day (July 26th).
  • Every year on the third weekend in July, the Mirabelle Festival is celebrated in the Eisenbach district.
  • Since 1989 the Obernburger Mühlstein has been awarded regularly in Obernburg , a cabaret award for young cabarets.
  • July: Obernburger Jazznight

Hiking trails

Bike trails

The following cycle paths lead through the urban area along the Main :

Hiking trails

Sports

There are a number of sports facilities in Obernburg. In the city of Obernburg these are the Valentin-Ballmann-Halle with the attached sports center at the elementary school. The tennis hall and courts on Salztrögweg, the bowling alley of the Salztrögstuben and the skate and course park at the Wendelinus chapel. In Eisenbach you will find the sports and culture hall, which is located in the immediate vicinity of the sports fields of TSV Olympia Eisenbach in Wiesentalstraße. There are also two shooting sports facilities in Obernburg - that of the Eisenbach shooting club and that of the Wilhelm Tell shooting club - and a riding facility at Neustädter Hof. Since 2006, on the Sunday after Ascension Day (May / June), the so-called “Roman Run” has been taking place in Obernburg with over 1000 participants.

Handball

The sports club Turn- und Sportgemeinde Obernburg 1879 e. V. (TUSPO) is best known for its handball department, whose first men's team played temporarily in the second Bundesliga.

Wrestling

In addition to TUSPO, some active members of the Stemm- und Ringclub Jugendkraft 1904 Obernburg (SRC Obernburg), which had existed since 1904, came to German and international championship titles.

Soccer

Originally two soccer teams competed for local supremacy in Obernburg - TSV Olympia from the Eisenbach district and the soccer department of TUSPO Obernburg. After the last men's team from TUSPO, football has only been played in Eisenbach since 2015. They are particularly proud of the successful regional youth work which resulted in a cooperation with Kickers Offenbach in 2016 .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Other personalities

Oddities

The Obernburger were called town farmers by the rural environment . But they were also called handumme . As elsewhere a Johann Adam became a handam, so in the Obernburg dialect a Hans Thomas became a handumme. Johann Thomas used to be very often a naming in Upper Castle, the famous son of the city Johann Thomas Schmid, who is John Obernburger (1500-1552) called and as a doctor of law , private secretary Emperor Charles V was.

literature

Web links

Commons : Obernburg am Main  - collection of images, videos and audio files

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