Berjosowka (Kaliningrad, Gwardeisk)
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Berjosowka
Groß Ottenhagen Берёзовка
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Berjosowka ( Russian Берёзовка , German Groß Ottenhagen ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Gvardeysk in Gvardeysky District .
Geographical location
Berjosowka is located on the regional road 27A-025 (ex R508 ), 23 kilometers southeast of the Oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) and 19 kilometers southwest of the Rajons capital Gwardeisk (Tapiau) . In the town, a side road branches off in a southerly direction to the village of the now extinct village of Polessje (Klein Ottenhagen) . The next train station is Oserki -Nowyje (Groß Lindenau) on the Kaliningrad-Chernyshevskoje railway line (Königsberg-Eydtkuhnen / Eydtkau) , a section of the former Prussian Eastern Railway , for onward travel to Lithuania and the Russian heartland.
history
The bis 1946 United Otten Hagen called former church and estate village was founded by the Teutonic Order in the year 1332. On April 30, 1874, the village seat and its name to the newly established District Otten Hagen in the district Königsberg (Prussia) and in the administrative district of Kaliningrad of Prussian Province of East Prussia .
On December 1, 1910, the Ottenhagen manor district had 113 and the rural community Groß Ottenhagen 654 inhabitants. After the manor districts Ottenhagen and Waldhof (Russian: Saizewo, no longer existent) had been incorporated into the rural community of Groß Ottenhagen on July 17, 1927, the name of the district of Ottenhagen and "District of Groß Ottenhagen" was renamed. The newly formed community with the previously associated villages Ottenmühle and Vorwerk Schäferei had 849 inhabitants in 1933 and 875 in 1939. From 1939 it was assigned to the merged district of Samland .
As a result of the Second World War , Groß Ottenhagen came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia . In 1947 the place was given the Russian name "Berjosowka" and was assigned at the same time to the village soviet Oserski selski Sowet in Gwardeisk Raion . From 2005 to 2014 Berjosowka belonged to the rural community Oserkowskoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Gwardeisk.
District (Groß) Ottenhagen 1874–1945
In the district of Ottenhagen established in 1874 (from 1927: district of Groß Ottenhagen) initially twelve rural communities (LG) or manor districts (GB) were incorporated:
| Surname | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Gauleder Forest (GB) | 1929 incorporated into the rural community of Klein Ottenhagen | |
| Gross Lindenau (LG) | Great Lindenau | |
| Gross Ottenhagen (LG) | Beryosovka | |
| Klein Lindenau (GB) | Osjorskoye | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Klein Ottenhagen |
| Klein Ottenhagen (LG) | Polessye | |
| New Lindenau (LG) | Dachnoye | |
| Ottenhagen (GB) | Beryosovka | 1927 incorporated into the rural community of Groß Ottenhagen |
| Rose garden (LG) | Sapadnoye | 1935 incorporated into the rural community of Worienen |
| Sheep farm (LG) | Kastanowka | 1925 incorporated into the rural community of Seewalde |
| Seewalde (LG) | Ostrovskoye | |
| Waldhof (GB) | Saizewo | 1927 incorporated into the rural community of Groß Ottenhagen |
| Worienen (LG) | Pestschanoje | |
| from 1930: Groß Barthen (LG) |
Osjornoje | previously: Friedrichstein District |
On January 1, 1945, seven communities formed the district of Groß Ottenhagen: Groß Lindenau, Groß Ottenhagen, Klein Ottenhagen, Neu Lindenau, Seewalde, Worienen and Groß Barthen.
Prehistoric burial ground
In the 1920s, a large prehistoric burial ground was discovered near Groß Ottenhagen . The explorations were led by the East Prussian prehistoric Herbert Jankuhn . The finds have been considered lost since the end of the Second World War. In the years 2003/04 new investigations took place under the Kiel archaeologist Timo Ibsen , who could still fall back on numerous find sketches from Herbert Jankuhn's estate. Three occupancy periods could be determined for the cemetery:
- 30 BC BC to 480 AD = Roman imperial period, characterized by body and cremation burials
- after 375 AD = the time of the Great Migration , exclusively cremation burials
- 10th and 11th centuries AD = early Middle Ages, under the human cremation burials were unburned horse burials.
Excavations from Prussian times
During excavations in 1928, remains of Prussian shields were discovered . They were fitted with bronze fittings. Remains of wood and leather and linen textiles were found inside. In the middle of the shield was a conical shield boss made of iron. The existing parts made a rounded oblong shield 70 cm long and 50 cm wide.
church
→ Main article: Church of Groß Ottenhagen
Church building
The church in Groß Ottenhagen, of which only the tower ruins remain today, may have had a previous building from around 1340. The following building - a plastered stone building with brick corners and the west tower in front of it - dates from the 15th century. In the middle of the 18th century, the nave was enlarged with cross arms. The furnishings that were preserved until 1945 were from the years 1715 to 1720.
Parish
The founding of the church in Groß Ottenhagen goes back to around 1340. In 1547 a Lutheran preacher was mentioned here. Until 1945 belonged parish United Otten Hagen to Kirchenkreis King Bergland I (south of the Pregel ) in the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches .
Today Berjosowka is in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Gwardeisk (Tapiau) , which was newly established in the 1990s , a branch congregation of the Resurrection Church in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) in the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Church seal
The centuries-old church seal of Groß Ottenhagen has been preserved in an extraordinary way . It was saved through the chaos of war to the west and is now in the Prussian Museum North Rhine-Westphalia in Minden .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ D. Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Groß Ottenhagen
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, district of Ottenhagen / Groß Ottenhagen
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Königsberg
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Samland district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ^ Berjosowka - Groß Ottenhagen at ostpreussen.net
- ^ Excavation report of the University of Kiel ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume II: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1968, page 54
- ^ Picture of the ruins of the church tower in Groß Ottenhagen
- ^ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume III: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, page 462
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peter Kraemer, Hidden on the Body. The church seal Ottenhagen and its history , in: Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung / 7. January 2006 ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
