Beuerholz

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Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 54 ″  N , 9 ° 29 ′ 42 ″  E

Map: Hessen
marker
Beuerholz​
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Hesse

The Beuerholz is about 650  ha large Markwald in the field of city Felsberg in northern Hesse Schwalm-Eder-Kreis .

geography

The Markwald Beuerholz, cut through by the A 7 motorway between Hilgershausen (front) and Melsungen (left, back)

The Beuerholz is on a up to 380 m extending over NHN ridge in the north of the natural space Homberger Highland (Nature room no. 356.3) between the Fritzlarer Eder corridor (343 211 no.) In the west and Melsunger Fuldatal (no. 357.13) to the east or between the two small towns of Felsberg in the west and Melsungen in the east. The area lies on the watershed between the Eder and Fulda and is drained by several streams , partly like the Kesselbach in the southeast to the east into the Fulda, but mostly to the west into the Eder or via the Rhünda into the Schwalm and thus also the Eder. The largest and longest of these streams is the Sonderbach , by Beuern flows and Gensungen in the Eder flows .

traffic

The federal highway 253 runs through the Beuerholz from west to east from Felsberg to the motorway junction "S 62 Melsungen" located only 1 km northeast of the village of Beuern to the federal motorway 7 and on to Melsungen. The BAB 7 runs in sections through the western part of the forest from north to south.

With its 25 km of well-developed forest trails, the Beuerholz is a popular destination for hikers and walkers.

Ecology and use

The forest habitat of the Beuerholz is characterized by basalt , eutrophic site conditions, and this is primarily used by the cultivation of deciduous trees such as beech , maple , mountain ash and oak . The proportion of conifers in the total stand is only around 30%. The forest is certified for sustainable forest management via the PEFC forest certification system, like most Hessian state and community forests .

The hardwood is mostly not as gerücktes lumber or pulpwood , but as firewood sold to the local population, the buyer back the trees themselves and break down (so-called. Even advertising ) and therefore pay a lower price than if the forestry department carries out this work. Around 150 local households use the opportunity to advertise themselves. Softwood is sold as industrial wood for firewood use, mostly to small companies, but manufacturers of chipboard and paper also compete for industrial wood.

history

The Markwald Beuerholz and thus the Markgenossenschaft Beuerholz were founded on Sunday Misericordas Domini , April 14, 1360, through the deed of donation of the Hessian Landgrave Heinrich II and his son Otto . With this document, the Landgrave transferred the forest area called Hasenwinkel, Beuerholz, Hilgenberg and Gassenstruth to the castle men and citizens of the city of Felsberg and the people of Gensungen, Sundheim , Beuern, Heßlar and Melgershausen . This apparently recognized an old customary law. (The previously existing Markwald law of the nearby Eppenberg women's choir monastery in part of this forest area was expressly confirmed.) The Markwald Beuerholz comprised an area of ​​2778 Kassel acres , in today's dimensions 663 hectares . In return, the Landgrave was to receive 12 malter oats annually for Martini . Obermärker (i.e. market leader) was the mayor of Felsberg.

The two villages of Heßlar and Melgershausen had left the Märkerschaft by 1534 at the latest, after they had jointly transferred part of the Beuer wood for their sole use. The rights of the village of Sundheim, which fell desolate in the 15th century , fell to the village of Helmshausen . A decision from the government of Landgrave Philip I from 1534 explicitly recognized the marrow forest rights of property, wood jurisdiction and administration of the four communities of Felsberg, Gensungen, Beuern and Helmshausen without objection. Minor cuts in the previously exclusive rights of the Beuerholz mark cooperative were made by granting limited hat rights in the Markwald to the residents of Hilgershausen (1656), Elfershausen (1692) and Heßlar (1719).

Under Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel (r. 1567–1592), the obligation to deliver 12 Malter oats a year was replaced by a cash payment for firewood and acorn mast ; Timber remained exempt from forest payments .

Since the Margrave members apparently neglected their obligations to look after the forest over the years, the Landgrave's government intervened several times and in so doing partially curtailed the inherited rights of the Margrave: in 1608 the Landgrave's forest officials were given co-administration and supervisory rights, and in 1695 issued Landgrave Karl issued a wood regulation for the Beuerholz in order to end the mismanagement and forest devastation found there.

Sovereign evacuation attempts

In the 19th century, there were three attempts by the respective state governments to transfer the Markwald Beuerholz back into state ownership. In 1808 the government of the short-lived Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia tried , but had to give up the attempt in view of the available documentation. In 1843 the conservative government of the Electorate of Hesse also tried , but in 1859 had to give in after legal complaints by the Markgenossenschaft. After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia in 1866, a third attempt was made in 1868 by the new authorities to end the property rights of the mark cooperative; but also this time the march comrades prevailed in 1872 after a legal review of the historical documents.

Today's legal situation

The registered owner in the land register is the "Markgenossenschaft Markwald Beuerholz", to which the marrow comrades from Felsberg, Gensungen, Beuern and Helmshausen belong. According to the articles of association, 171 of 300 shares belong to the march comrades from Felsberg, 71 from Gensungen, 45 from Beuern and 13 from Helmshausen. The march comrades from Gensungen, Helmshausen and Beuern are known by name and entered in the land register, but those from Felsberg are unknown and, according to the statutes, their rights and obligations are exercised by the city of Felsberg, whose mayor also ex officio Obermärker des Markwaldes Beuerholz (chairman of Markgenossenschaft) is. However, the city of Felsberg as such is not entered in the land register as a co-owner of the Markwald Beuerholz.

The members of the Markgenossenschaft have a percentage of the forest, but no specific claim to ownership. They have co-determination rights and the type of management is decided jointly in annual plenary meetings at the suggestion of the responsible forester . You can u. a. decide whether, where and how to reforest or whether wind turbines should be built on the forest area . They also benefit from the distributions that the Markgenossenschaft can make if their income from the sale of timber, hunting leases, etc. exceeds their expenses.

Since the forest administration is a matter of the state , the Markwald Beuerholz is managed and operated by the state enterprise Hessen-Forst or the forest office Melsungen. The Markgenossenschaft has also transferred responsibility for the sale of wood to the Forestry Office, which means that the purchase of residual wood from the Markwald forest, for example, is only possible through the Melsungen Forestry Office.

Litigation

The legal status of the city of Felsberg with regard to the Markwald is now the cause of legal disputes. In June 2012, the Federal Court of Justice rejected the entry of the city in the land register as the owner. How to solve the problem remains unclear. The city would first have to apply for a list to expel the (as yet unknown) march comrades, and only if this call procedure did not produce any results could the city be entered in the land register as the owner. According to the Federal Court of Justice, however, such a list can only be requested by someone who has owned the property in question for at least 30 years, and since the city only ever represented the unknown march comrades, it was not the owner of the forest property. That would mean that the city cannot apply for a bid.

Even individual citizens of the core town of Felsberg have so far failed in attempts to be entered in the land register as fellow margrets and co-owners of the Beuerholz. Even the reference to an ancestor named as the owner of a Felsberg castle seat with the right to use wood from the Beuerholz was not enough. According to the decision of the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main in June 2013, the city may continue to represent the unknown march comrades; this is a customary law that has been practiced for more than 150 years and is not a substantial interference with the rights of unknown fellow marchers.

Felsberg / Markwald wind farm

A wind farm was built on the ridges of the Beuerholz from October 2016 to June 2017 . Originally, nine 200 m high wind turbines were planned, but the plan had to be modified as the systems are located in the approach path of the Fritzlar airfield . After the corresponding changes to the plan, only six systems with a nominal output of 3 MW each were built: five with a hub height of 114 m and a total height of 182.5 m and one with a hub height of 134 m and a total height of 199.5 m. All six turbines are of the Nordex N131 / 3000 type .

From October 2016, a total of 6.6 hectares of forest were cleared and in December the foundation for the first of the six wind turbines was poured. Its tower was completed at the end of March, and on April 25, 2017, this system went on stream in trial operation. The wind farm was officially opened on June 7, 2017; At this point, four of the six systems were installed and three of them were connected to the power grid. The last of the six wind turbines was installed on June 22nd, and at the beginning of July all six turbines were connected to the grid. The total output of the wind farm is 18 megawatts, and around 50 million kilowatt hours of electricity are expected to be produced annually, with which around 15,000 households can be supplied.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Melsungen Forestry Office - Forest products ( Memento from February 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ University of Kassel: Final report: Decentralized and democratic energy supply as a component of sustainable regional development, Kassel 2011, pp. 12-14
  3. ↑ A Casseler field, also called Casseler Morgen, comprised 150 14-shoe square rods , and a 14-shoe rod measured 14 Casseler feet, each 0.287  m . The 14-toed rod was 4.06 m long, and a Cassel field was 23.865 acres or 0.23865 hectares in size.
  4. ↑ Dr. Fenge: Das Beuerholz: A contribution to the history of the Hessian market cooperatives . In: Hessenland: Journal for Hessian History and Literature , 15th year, Kassel 1901, pp. 72–75
  5. ↑ In the area of ​​the Melsungen Forestry Office there are seven cooperative forests of this type, based on donations from the landgrave in the 14th century, with a total of 1100 hectares: Markgenossenschaft Beuern, Hilgershausen, Ostheim , Mosheim , Melgershausen-Heßlar, Dagobertshausen and Hesserode . ( University of Kassel: Final report: Decentralized and democratic energy supply as a component of sustainable regional development , Kassel 2011, pp. 12-14 )
  6. ↑ Felsberger claims a share in the Markwald , HNA , January 28, 2015
  7. ↑ Felsberger claims a share in the Markwald , HNA , January 28, 2015
  8. ↑ Nine wind turbines in the Markwald Beuerholz are supposed to generate electricity, HNA, December 19, 2013
  9. ↑ Urban land use planning of the city of Felsberg: 2. Change of the land use plan of the city of Felsberg; Zoning plan Beuern No. 2 "Windpark Markwald", city of Felsberg, districts of Beuern and Hilgershausen
  10. ↑ Bundeswehr gives the green light for wind turbines in Markwald Beuerholz , HNA , October 2, 2014
  11. ↑ Nordex: N131 / 3000. In: www.nordex-online.com. Retrieved October 12, 2016 .
  12. ↑ A third of it will be reforested ( Vortex Energy ›News› Inauguration ceremony of the Felsberg / Markwald wind farm was successful )
  13. ↑ Vortex Energy ›News› Felsberg / Markwald wind farm feeds electricity into the grid
  14. ↑ Vortex Energy ›News› The opening ceremony of the Felsberg / Markwald wind farm was successful
  15. ↑ Felsberg wind farm: the last wind turbine is installed, at HNA, June 23, 2017
  16. ↑ Vortex Energy ›News› The opening ceremony of the Felsberg / Markwald wind farm was successful

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