Chorol (city)

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Chorol
Хорол
Coat of arms of Khorol
Khorol (Ukraine)
Chorol
Chorol
Basic data
Oblast : Poltava Oblast
Rajon : District-free city
Height : 80 m
Area : 13.95 km²
Residents : 14,330 (January 1, 2006)
Population density : 1,027 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 37800
Area code : +380 5362
Geographic location : 49 ° 47 '  N , 33 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 47 '0 "  N , 33 ° 16' 30"  E
KOATUU : 5324810100
Administrative structure : 1 city
Mayor : Ihor Swyrydenko
Address: вул. К. Маркса 37
37800 м.Хорол
Statistical information
Khorol (Poltava Oblast)
Chorol
Chorol
i1

Khorol ( Ukrainian and Russian Хорол , Polish Khorol ) is a city in central Ukraine Oblast Poltava . It is the district center of the district of the same name, east of the city runs the Khorol River . The name of the place is derived from the Old Slavic word hrlo (hurry up).

history

The founding of today's place took place in the time of the Kievan Rus probably by the later Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh . Khorol was first mentioned in a document in 1083 . The place was part of a chain of fortifications on the rivers Sula , Chorol , Psel and Worskla , which were supposed to protect the empire from invading armies from the steppe areas to the east. The toughest clashes took place in 1107, 1111, 1185 and 1215. The remains of barracks from this period have been preserved. Khorol also had numerous underground passages that were used by residents for protection during attacks by cavalry armies. Remnants of such corridors are occasionally discovered during construction work.

In 1362 the place belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . In 1569, after the Union of Lublin , the place came under the rule of the aristocratic republic of Rzeczpospolita . In 1638, 1297 inhabitants lived in the town, which had eight mill wheels. Already in 1648 Khorol is a hundred of the Myrhorod regiment . Khorol received city rights in 1781. First it belonged to the Kiev Governorate. In 1790 the Nikolaev Church was built, which was one of the few church buildings in the region that was able to survive the Soviet era . Since 1795 Khorol belonged to the Yekaterinoslav Governorate , from 1796 to the Governorate Lesser Russia and from 1802 to the Poltava Governorate .

Population development

The Jewish population in particular increased sharply during the 19th century. In 1847 only 78 Jews lived in the city, in 1897 it was already 2056 (25.5% of the total population). The majority of the population among the 7,997 inhabitants (1897) were still the Ukrainians with 61.44% , other larger ethnic groups were Russians (7.2%) and Poles (2.4%).

In the first half of the 20th century, the people of Khorol went through difficult times, especially due to the famine and the Second World War . A large part of the Jewish population lost their lives during the German occupation. One of the numerous concentration camps in the occupied eastern territories was located near the city. After the Second World War, growth initially stagnated, between 1959 and 1970 the population fell from 12,357 to 11,379 inhabitants. Afterwards a growth process started again, so that in 1989 16,492 inhabitants lived in Khorol. Since then the population has decreased again by more than 10%.

Culture and sights

Choroler City Administration

The city is one of the typical provincial cities of today's central Ukraine. One speaks the so-called Surschyk , a mixture of the Ukrainian and Russian languages.

Memorial to the liquidators of the Chernobyl disaster

Khorol has a local history museum where you can get a good overview of the history and way of life in the area. There is a memorial to the victims of the Second World War on the site of the former concentration camp for prisoners of war called “Chorolska Jama” (Chorol Pit), where thousands of people died. A memorial was erected on the northern outskirts of the town to the citizens of Jewish origin who were shot in the war. There are also monuments from the Soviet era, such as that of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Felix Edmundowitsch Dzerzhinsky , that of the civil war soldiers of the Red Army and others. A memorial to the liquidators of the Chernobyl disaster was recently built next to the city administration . Many of the city's residents were involved in the disaster mission in Chernobyl in 1986 and later died of the resulting illnesses.

When hiking or cycling on the nearby Khorol River, you have a beautiful view of meadows, the course of the river and nature. From this side the city can be seen as a green hill. There are a few ponds in the city.

From August 20 to 26, 2007, the XXII European Motoball Championship took place in the nearby village of Vyshnyaky .

Economy and Infrastructure

Leninstrasse in the city center

With regard to industrial production, the food industry (especially milk processing ) is of the greatest importance, alongside the light and building materials industry (brickworks) and mechanical engineering .

Khorol is on the Kremenchuk - Romodan - Romny - Bachmatsch - Homel railway line . Trains to Kiev , Moscow , Polatsk , Saint Petersburg , Odessa , Simferopol and Dnipro stop at the train station, which is about 4 km from the city . The city is located on the European route E-40 , halfway between Kiev and Kharkiv . There are direct bus connections from the newly built bus station to cities to the east such as Poltava , Donetsk and Luhansk . Some bus routes to Kiev pass through Kiev-Boryspil International Airport .

Personalities

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Tschyselnist najawnoho naselennja Ukrajiny, Kiev 2006
  2. ↑ Hruschewskyj, M .: Istorija Ukrajiny-Rusy. Tom VIII. Rosdil VII. Stor. 1
  3. ↑ Kudrizkij, AW: K. (1992): Poltavschina. Enziklopedichniy Dovidnik. ISBN 5-88500-033-6 . Sturgeon. 950
  4. ↑ Tschornyj, Cerhij (2001): Nazionalnyj Sklad Naselennja Ukrajiny v XX storitschtschi
  5. ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the Poltava Oblast 2002
  6. ↑ Ukrainian School Atlas