Donndorf (Eckersdorf)

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Donndorf
Eckersdorf municipality
Coordinates: 49 ° 56 ′ 6 ″  N , 11 ° 30 ′ 48 ″  E
Height : 401-418 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.26 km²
Residents : 1922  (Jul 1, 2020)
Population density : 850 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 95488
Area code : 0921

Donndorf is a district of the municipality Eckersdorf in the district of Bayreuth in Upper Franconia ( Bavaria ).

geography

The Thalmülbach, a left tributary of the mistletoe, which in turn is a left tributary of the Red Main , flows south of the village . Approx. The Schmatzerhöhe corridor is 0.5 km to the north . Donndorf today forms a closed settlement with Eckersdorf in the west and Forst in the north. The B 22 leads to Eckersdorf (1 km west) or to Meyernberg (1.8 km east). A community road leads to Forst on the BT 14 district road (1.3 km northwest).

history

Fantaisie Castle (north side)
Hotel Fantaisie

The place was first mentioned in 1223 as "Tandorf". The name means settlement near the fir trees . Due to the existence of a brickworks, a derivation from clay mining was sometimes assumed. The spelling “Dondorff” has only existed since 1692. In Landbuch A , a distinction is made between two parts, the "front" and the "rear" Donndorf.

Also from 17th to 19th In the 19th century, the districts were counted differently. Between two (Vorderdonndorf and Hinterdonndorf) and six districts (Vorderdonndorf, Hinterdonndorf, Lüchauenthal, Matzenberg, Thalmühle and Ziegelhütte) were counted and named.

Settlement history

Before street names were introduced, house numbers existed in Donndorf that can still be found in the original cadastre. Compared to other places, they have some special features. This also allows conclusions to be drawn about the history of the settlement.

Lüchauental

The former house numbers 1 to 15 include the Lüchauental and the “Weißer Hirsch” inn (today: Hotel Fantaisie). The numbering starts at the bottom of the valley and ends at the inn. Up to Hs.Nr 11, all odd numbers are counted uphill left, the even numbers uphill right. The houses 12 and 14 are uphill on the left. The Lüchauenthal is a planned settlement of the castle residents for their servants and designed as a street village. Houses 1–11 hardly had any real estate in the 19th century and are so-called Sölden, where day laborers and craftsmen (e.g. weavers) live.

Hinterdonndorf

The former house numbers 22 to 35 can be found in the rear Donndorf east of the castle park. The seat of the noble family of Tanndorf is likely to have been located there. According to Landbuch A, these gentlemen from Tanndorf owned the entire village. The Kindleinsbrunnen set in stone - a spring south of the former judicial linden tree - is likely to have been the drinking water supply for their castle complex. The numbering begins at the southernmost house and then follows today's Bayreuther Straße to the east in the direction of Bayreuth (Hs.no.22-27). No. 28–35 are numbered from east to west across the street. The clustered village of Hinterdonndorf is built around a central point, from which the connecting roads to Hohen Straße and Teufelsgraben branch off. At the exit of the medieval settlement, the road to Geigenreuth should have branched off. In the vicinity of this hamlet - today a district of the city of Bayreuth - stood the gallows that gave it its name. This is also indicated by other field names (Himmelreich - the area around the court, Austria - the area east of a Gaus). In the early Middle Ages, Donndorf was the eastern border town of a settlement area - namely the Hummelgau.

Vorderdonndorf

A group of mostly agricultural properties (Hs.No. 36–42) is located north of the former Lüchauer Castle. This also includes the former brickworks. The house numbers 43 to 51 are numbered from west to east, starting at the Domeyerschen Gasthof (today: Bamberger Straße 28). Vorderdonndorf was probably a street village along today's B 22 .

Modern times

At the end of the Middle Ages, the village fell to the Lords of Plassenberg . With their extinction, it came to the Lords of Lüchau in 1552 , who owned a castle at the entrance to Lüchauenthal, which is now named after them. With their extinction, the fiefdom fell to the Bayreuth margraves in 1757 .

In 1758, construction of the margraves' summer residence Schloss Fantaisie began south of the village . This new castle was built to the east not far from the old Lüchauerschloss and was completed after 1763. An extensive park area belongs to the castle. Today's main path through the park immediately south of the castle was probably once the Donndorfer Landstrasse. It was, however, relocated to the north on the course of today's B 22 by the Lüchauer and the margraves. As a result, the property at Donndorf 23 (today Bayreuther Str. 4 and 13) was divided.

South below the castle is the so-called Herzog- or Thalmühlweiher. The latter name refers to a mill first mentioned in church records in 1591. During the margrave's time, it was still on today's northeast bank of the Duke pond and was operated until it was demolished by Duke Alexander in 1845. The house numbers Donndorf 20 and 21 also disappeared with it.

The Hotel Fantaisie was built in 1864 on the walls of the Gasthof Weißer Hirsch at the instigation of Alexander.

Today's town hall of the greater Eckersdorf community was built by Duke Alexander. His partner lived there. From 1862 to 1901 it housed a mental hospital for the mentally ill, which was managed by the doctor Dr. Falco was operated. The open execution of the mostly very well-off patients was innovative.

The Donndorfer court linden tree with a trunk circumference of 14 meters, which stood on the edge of the castle park, was known nationwide. It was destroyed by a thunderstorm in 1849. There is a drawing by Philipp Heinel of this linden tree from 1828.

There was a brickworks northwest of the castle in the 18th and 19th centuries. Opposite the entrance to the castle park was the Schoberth family's brewery. They were related to the innkeeper and brewery family in Eckersdorf and shared a common beer cellar in Donndorf, which was probably set up in a quarry.

The place formed a rural community with the municipal edict in the 19th century, to which the places Matzenberg and Schloss Fantaisie belonged. It was under the administration and jurisdiction of the Bayreuth Regional Court and had an area of ​​2.255 km².

The 1871 census counts 447 inhabitants in four districts, including 24 Catholics and one inhabitant of Jewish faith. On May 1, 1978 Donndorf was incorporated into the municipality of Eckersdorf as part of the regional reform in Bavaria .

Richard Wagner temporarily moved with his family to the local Hotel Fantaisie at the end of April 1872.

House names

Among the house names of the Donndorf residents is the name "Amtmann". It was still in use in 1944, but is likely to have its roots in the 18th century. After the Lüchauer died out, Donndorf came into the possession of the margraves, who set up an office of financial administration there. In 1792 Donndorf was still the seat of a bailiff who was responsible for Busbach, Donndorf, Eckersdorf, Hardt and Lohe as the bailiwick, camera and tax authorities. For some farms, goods and Sölden in Aichig (7), Kulmbach (8), Lindau (2) Lochau (5), and Schwingen (1) this office was also the camera and tax authority. The gardener's apartment in the castle served as the official building. In 1780 this administrative office was held by Johann Georg Lunckenbein, who also worked as a forester. It is not known whether the bearers of the house name "Amtmann" are related to him.

Another well-known house name "Wiesenbauer" goes back to a farmer named Baumann at the end of the 18th century. He was referred to as "Wiesen-Hans" and got his unofficial name through marriage from his neighboring village of Forst to Donndorf.

The house name "Matzen" for the residents of the Matzenberg is derived from a Matthäus Rettner.

Architectural monuments

  • Former farm building of the old castle
  • Hotel Fantaisie
  • Former hunting lodge
  • Former nurses' home, today town hall
  • Fantaisie Castle
  • Sandstone pillar to mark the city limits
  • House No. 18: Gasthof Adler: two-storey rectangular building built in the first half of the 19th century, half-hipped roof, five to four upper floor windows, door with straight roof.
  • House No. 26: Two-storey plastered solid construction; Ground floor second half of the 17th century, above it probably in the middle of the 18th century, three to five upper floor windows, on the first floor window walls filleted. Drilled portal frame on the lintel marked "1750".
  • House no. 43: two-storey eaves-sided rectangular building with a total of 17 upper floor windows, around 1800, of which the middle building, newly built in 1832, with four arched upper floor windows (hall) was slightly pulled forward; Continuous belt cornice, window framed flat. Groin vaults on four-sided pillars on the ground floor of the central building.

Population development

Donndorf municipality

year 1827 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 290 461 433 418 425 465 447 532 534 455 437 434 474 458 550 581 574 593 615 842 817 797 787 1048
Houses 61 67 68 76 84 121
source

Place Donndorf

year 001827 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002016 002020
Residents 290 418 441 * 449 + 465 569 811 782 1045 1721 1954 ° 1922 °
Houses 66 + 67 75 83 120 379
source
* Donndorf: 371 E .; Fantasy: 28 E .; Gilgenberg Sct .: 42 E.
+ Donndorf: 414 E., 61 Wgb .; Fantasy: 1 E., 2 Wgb .; Gilgenberg Sct .: 34 E., 3 Wgb.
° including Matzenberg

Others

  • Evang. Kita Fantasy Donndorf
  • Volunteer Fire Brigade Donndorf e. V.
  • TSV Donndorf-Eckersdorf 1910 eV

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Hans Haas (1868–1934), German religious scholar and theologian

literature

Web links

Commons : Donndorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.eckersdorf.de
  2. ↑ Donndorf in the Bavaria Atlas
  3. ↑ W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 56.
  4. ^ BayernAtlas. Retrieved March 18, 2019 .
  5. ^ BayernAtlas. Retrieved March 18, 2019 .
  6. ^ BayernAtlas. Retrieved March 18, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Schimpf: Busbach , p. 17.
  8. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 654 ( digitized version ).
  9. ↑ a b c Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1014 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ W. Bronnenmeyer: Richard Wagner. Citizens in Bayreuth . Ellwanger, Bayreuth 1983, p. 47 .
  11. ↑ a b c A. Gebeßler, p. 104. Monument protection canceled, object possibly demolished. Original house numbering.
  12. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. From 1871 to 1987 these are called residential buildings .
  13. ^ A b Karl Friedrich Hohn (Hrsg.): Geographical-statistical description of the Upper Main district . J. Dederich, Bamberg 1827, p. 64 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 138 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 843 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 960 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1005 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1027 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 888 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 148 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 294 ( digitized version ).