Czechowice-Dziedzice
| Czechowice-Dziedzice | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Bielsko-Biała | ||
| Area : | 32.98 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 55 ' N , 19 ° 0' E | ||
| Residents : | 35,926 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 43-500 to 43-503 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | ||
| License plate : | SBI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Gdansk - Bielsko-Biała | ||
| Warsaw - Vienna | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 3 school offices | ||
| Surface: | 66.00 km² | ||
| Residents: | 45,451 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 689 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 2402043 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Mayor : | Marian Błachut | ||
| Address: | pl. Jana Pawła II 1 43-502 Czechowice-Dziedzice |
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| Website : | www.czechowice-dziedzice.pl | ||
Czechowice-Dziedzice [ ʧɛxovʲiʦɛ ʥɛʥiʦɛ ] (German Czechowitz-Dzieditz even Czechowitz-Dziedzitz , 1943-1945: Czechoslovak joke ) is a Polish industrial town of 35,000 inhabitants in Bielsko County in the province of Silesia .
geography
It lies halfway, eight kilometers between Pszczyna (Pless) and Bielsko-Biała on the right bank of the Vistula between the mouths of the Biała (German Bialka) and Lobnitz (Polish Wapienica).
history
The city is located in the Teschen Silesia (Polish Śląsk Cieszyński ).
The place was first mentioned as two settlements around 1305 in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( Tithe Register of the Diocese of Wroclaw ):
"Item in Chothowitz theutonico fertones
Item in Chothowitz polonico decima more polonico, valet I) marcam"
Chotowitz theutonico ( German Chotowice ) was probably founded under German law ( iure theuthonico ) in the area of Chotowitz polonico ( Polish Chotowice ), which was created earlier (it would like to pay a high tenth ) according to older traditional Polish law ( iure polonico ). In 1404 the village was first mentioned as Czechowicz [e] ( Chatowice State ). Both names are patronymic with the typical patronymic word ending -ice. The first name ( Chotowice ) is derived from the first name Chot (≤ Chociemir , Chociesław ) and the second from the first name Czech (≤ Czesław ). The reason for the name change is not clear.
The parish Czechowicz in the Teschen deanery was mentioned in the Peterspfennig register of 1447.
Dziedzice was first mentioned in 1465 as Dziedzicz [e] . The name Dziedzice is patronymically derived from the first name Dziad .
Politically, they originally belonged to the Duchy of Teschen , which existed from 1290 during the period of Polish particularism . Since 1327 consisted fiefdom of the kingdom of Bohemia , since 1526 it belonged to the Habsburg Monarchy , 1742-1782 and 1849-1918 for District Bielsko in crown land Austrian Silesia . Until the First Partition of Poland (1772), the river Biała, as the eastern border of Czechowitz, also formed the border with Poland (see the history of the Duchy of Auschwitz ).
Both places developed into industrial locations around the middle of the 19th century. Dzieditz received by the establishment of the Austrian Northern Railway from Vienna to Krakow in the years 1847-1855, a railway station and became the starting point for the connecting routes to Bielsko (1855) and after Katowice (1870).
Two oil refineries were built around the important railway junction between Prussian Upper Silesia and Austrian Silesia and Galicia , including one owned by the American entrepreneur John D. Rockefeller , which processed oil from the world's third largest oil-producing country - Galicia - and a rolling mill for the Upper Silesian zinc production , which found good settlement conditions on the Vistula. The well-known Saxon lead goods manufacturer Jung & Lindig from Freiberg established a branch here. Since the train station was on the corridor border between the two villages, they soon grew into one unit. At that time, the mostly German-speaking Protestants founded a branch community in Bielitz. At that time Czechowitz and Dziedzitz also developed into a strong center of the Polish national movement, which was in conflict with the German Bielitz-Biala language island over the future of Cieszyn Silesia .
1910 Bialka into the Vistula, on the site of the year 1388 was at the mouth of bed Elsdorf first mentioned village Żebracz , the mine Silesia aufgeteuft. This southernmost coal mine in the Upper Silesian mining area supplied coal mainly to Vienna .
In 1920 the place became a part of Poland and the autonomous Silesian Voivodeship . Between 1939 and 1945 both places belonged, contrary to international law, to the German district of Bielitz in the province of Upper Silesia . In 1940, both locations were combined to give the name of the place initially Czechowitz-Dzieditz , from 1943 only Czechoslovak joke was. The renaming to Weichselhammer had already been prepared, but was no longer carried out.
A satellite camp for the Auschwitz concentration camp was set up in the village and, in 1942, a deportation camp for Poles.
After the Second World War the association was maintained. In 1950 Czechowice received city rights. In 1958 the name of the city was changed to Czechowice-Dziedzice .
Population development
(Information before 1940 always includes both places)
local community
The urban and rural community Czechowice-Dziedzice covers an area of 66 km², with around 43,000 inhabitants. The following locations belong to it:
Other places:
- Renardowice (Rennersdorf)
The community in the Powiat Bielski
Places of the community
_-_Czechowice-Dziedzice.png)
Town twinning
The city has been sibling with Hiddenhausen in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) since 1991
sons and daughters of the town
- Walter Schwarzl (1911–2001), academic painter
- Witold Szalonek (1927–2001), composer
- Józef Świder (1930–2014), composer
- Zbigniew Rudziński (1935–2019), composer
- Piotr Beczała (* 1966), tenor
- Łukasz Piszczek (* 1985), football player
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Idzi Panic: Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) . Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie, Cieszyn 2010, ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5 , p. 297-299 (Polish).
- ^ Wilhelm Schulte: Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae T.14 Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis . Breslau 1889, ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5 , p. 110-112 ( online ).
- ↑ Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( la ) Retrieved August 24, 2014.
- ^ I. Panic, 2010, p. 401
- ↑ a b Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN 0208-6336 , p. 51, 54-55 (Polish).
- ^ Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti . In: H. Markgraf (Ed.): Journal of the Association for History and Antiquity of Silesia . 27, Breslau, pp. 361-372. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
- ↑ a b Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN 0208-6336 , p. 63 (Polish).
Bronów (Braunau) | Czechowice-Dziedzice (Czechowitz-Dziedzitz) - City | Ligota (Ellgoth) | Zabrzeg (Zabrzeg)