Empel (Rees)

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Empel
City of Rees
Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 50 ″  N , 6 ° 24 ′ 53 ″  E
Height : 18 m above sea level NN
Area : 4.53 km²
Residents : 468  (Jul 13, 2009)
Population density : 103 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 46459
Area code : 02851
Crossroads in Empel

With 468 inhabitants (as of July 13, 2009), Empel is the smallest district of Rees ( North Rhine-Westphalia ).

geography

Empel is characterized by agriculture. The typical Lower Rhine landscape can be found in the Empel area.

The place is surrounded by the neighboring towns of Millingen (NW), Heelden (O), Vehlingen (N), Androp (SW), Haldern (SO) and Megchelen (Netherlands, NW). The Anholt Castle is located in the north, about three kilometers from Empel. The next larger towns and villages are Isselburg (6 km, NE), Anholt (district of Isselburg, 4 km, N), Dinxperlo (Netherlands, belongs to Aalten , 7 km, NE), Bocholt (12 km, E), Hamminkeln ( 14 km, SE), Rees (4 km, S), Kalkar (10 km, W) and Emmerich (10 km, NW).

Empel is on the Oberhausen – Arnhem railway line (Empel-Rees station) between the Haldern and Millingen stations . The place is about halfway between Wesel and Emmerich . The Empel house , located on the Empeler Meer nature reserve ( Altrhein ), was completely destroyed in the Second World War.

Place name

Before 1945 the community was called Hurl and was named Empel after the castle there. This name is derived from "im Pel" ("in the water"). In 1962 the municipality of Hurl was officially renamed Empel by the Millingen office .

history

middle Ages

House Empel

Empel Castle before its destruction

The Empel house was first mentioned in a document in 1240 as the property of the knight Bernard von Rees. In a document from 1256, the Emple estate is mentioned and expanded into a castle in the 13th and 14th centuries . Meanwhile, as allod to the men of Hönnepel come is for Empel 1339 for the first time, a chapel mentioned when Lutzo of Hönnepel and his wife Lisa of the local chapel bequeathed a foundation. In an inheritance dispute on August 4, 1345, Rütger von Hönnepel received "the castle ter Empel and everything within ter Empelt" in front of his seven siblings. For a long time this Rütger was in dispute with Walram von Jülich , the Archbishop of Cologne , who was supposed to have a lasting impact on the status of Empels. On May 21, 1347, through the mediation of Count Dietrich VII from Cleves, a contract was concluded between the two parties to the dispute, according to which Empel should henceforth be a fiefdom of the Electorate of Cologne . In a document from 1349, Rütger also declares Empel to be an open house in Cologne. Nevertheless, there were still conflicts, because in the following period Haus Empel was besieged by archbishop troops . In an atonement contract dated October 18, 1356, Rütger von Hönnepel had to give the Cologne Archbishop's property again as a fief and an open house. He was also forbidden to fortify Haus Empel without the consent of the Archbishop . Rütger's son Luysse succeeded his father as the owner and was the first member of his family to call himself "von Empel". In 1387 the castle was besieged by troops from the Klevian town of Wesel , and the besiegers are said to have used a stone rifle . By pledging the office of Aspel / Rees to the Dukes of Kleve, Haus Empel had been a Klevian fief since the beginning of the 15th century. From 1482 the estate was owned by the von Wittenhorst family for a few years before it came to Heinrich von Diepenbrock in 1487 , who married Sara, the daughter of a Rütger von Hönnepel and his wife Elisabeth von Hetterscheid. But already in 1489 Johann, a member of the von Hönnepel family, was enfeoffed with Haus Empel. In 1491 he transferred it to the knight Johann von Wylich, the Klevian bailiff in the Hetter, who also owned the Hueth bei Bienen Castle . Johann von Wylich sold the Empeler castle complex again to Sara von Hönnepel and her son Rütger von Diepenbrock in 1498.

Modern times

Hurl municipality

The municipality of Hurl (since 1962 the name: Empel) has belonged to the Millingen office since it was founded in 1921. The Millingen office is an association of the municipalities of Millingen , Empel, Heelden and Vehlingen . From its founding in 1921 until its dissolution on January 1, 1975, this was part of the Rees district and emerged from the independent mayor's office of Millingen (1868-1921). Responsibility included all branches of administration including its own police station. Due to the municipal reorganization in 1975, the Millingen office and the Rees district were dissolved. While Millingen and Empel were merged with the city of Rees, Heelden and Vehlingen fell to the city of Isselburg .

Prinz-Leopold-Hütte (1857–1945)

The Prinz-Leopold-Hütte was founded by Nering-Bögel in 1857. It mainly deals with the manufacture of ship chains, which had a good reputation in specialist circles. The Prinz-Leopold-Hütte was an offshoot of the Minerva ironworks in Isselburg , which was founded in 1794. The expansion of the B 67 prevented the relocation of the Isselburg machine factory, which is attached to the Minerva hut, to Empel. The Prinz-Leopold-Hütte was almost completely destroyed by the war events.

Chaussee from Münster to Emmerich

The B 67 runs through the Empel area . It was built in 1861 as a road from Münster to Emmerich . From 1932 it was set up as Reichsstraße  67, which ran as the B 67 over Reeser Straße directly through Empel. With the increasing traffic and the waiting time in front of the level crossing, an alternative solution became necessary: ​​In June 1967, construction work began to transfer the B 67 over the railway line. In November 1968, the Empeler bypass with today's street name "Reeser Landstrasse" was released.

Former train service

The years 1933 to 1945

The Rees forced labor camp was east of the Rhine in the then community of Groin, which bordered the city of Rees . The camp was not a prison camp but a labor camp. The prisoners had to do entrenchment work (building defensive positions) there. The location of the camp was a brick factory on Melatenweg in Groin. The area was used as a labor camp from November 1944 to March 23, 1945. A number of prisoners were housed outside the Groiner camp in various halls in the villages of Bienen and Millingen , north of the town of Rees. For a short time, forced laborers were housed in Emmerich-Praest and Empel (Rees), with Empel serving as an emergency hospital. Two days after the Allies crossed the Rhine, numerous forced laborers were freed from their work situation.

  • Remembrance tour Rees - Megchelen: Every spring, the Dutch and Germans remember the victims of the Nazi forced labor camp in Rees-Groin with a "Herdenkingstocht" (memorial tour).

The years after 1945 until today

Today the historical floor plan of the place with its typical buildings can be read off, as the reconstruction after the Second World War was largely based on the same locations. During the Second World War, in March 1945, Empel was completely destroyed. Empel belonged to the Millingen office until 1969 and was incorporated into the city of Rees as part of the municipal reorganization program .

The Kraska foundry is founded in 1961 on the site of the former Prinz-Leopold-Hütte by Mr. Kraska. The business was doing well and there were good prospects that the plant would grow even further. However, with the advent of plastic as a material, the prospects of the Kraska foundry were diminished, which then led to its closure.

In November 1967, Federal President Lübke was welcomed at Empel-Rees train station by the local mayor Lambert Bünck on the occasion of the inauguration of the bridge ( Rhine crossing ) in Rees.

Culture and sights

House Empel

Display board in the Hetter-Millinger Bruch nature reserve

The ruins of Haus Empel are located on the so-called Empeler Meer , which was probably built in the early 13th century and destroyed in 1945. The ruin cannot be visited.

Empeler Meer nature reserve

The 6 hectare Empeler Meer was designated as a nature reserve in 1986 and is one of the 14 nature reserves of the city of Rees. It is located next to the two other areas Bienener Altrhein, Millinger Meer and Hurler Meer and Hetter-Millinger Bruch . Together with the nature reserve adjacent to the east, it forms one of the last well-preserved oxbow lakes on the Lower Rhine. Here the typical vegetation zoning of nutrient-rich standing waters is still present in almost unimpaired form. In addition to extensive floating leaf and reed areas, this also includes softwood floodplains on the bank.

societies

  • St. Johannes Rifle Brotherhood Empel (1871)
  • Racial wing & small animal breeding association
  • Heimatverein Millingen-Empel 1980 e. V.
  • Angelsportverein (ASV) Millingen-Empel e. V. (1976)

economy

  • Today Hövelmann Logistik is based on the former Prinz-Leopold-Hütte , a company founded in 1945 by Bernhard Hövelmann. Because of the vehicle color, one also speaks of the blue Hövelmann.
  • Theodor Hövelmann founded a forwarding company in Rees-Millingen in 1945, which moved in 1966 and today (2019) as the forwarding company Wwe. Hövelmann is based in Empel. Because of the vehicle color "wine red (RAL 3005)" one also speaks of the red Hövelmann.

traffic

Empel train station

Rail transport

Streets

The state roads 459 and 469 run in the municipality. The bus route Empel-Rees / Millingen / Vehlingen / Anholt / Bocholt provides connections to the other places. The federal road 67 connects Empel to the trunk road network and with the junction Rees / Isselburg there is a motorway access to the A3 .

Trivias

The Empeler churches

In earlier times, those who did not go to church in Millingen on Sundays often say as an excuse to others: "I went to church in Empel." This excuse was even used in Bislich near Wesel. That had even reached the Bishop of Munster . Five pubs and no church - that has to be changed! The innkeeper Heinrich Tepferd finally wanted to eliminate the aforementioned flaw in 1928. He made land available for a church in the vicinity of his pub and, according to today's standards, formed a citizens' initiative . This was the trigger for the struggle for the location - on this side or on the other side of the railroad tracks. No agreement could be found and the "church dream" was buried. This case was closed for Münster. In the meantime there was now the spiritual and political tendency of National Socialism and in any case the church no longer had a place. Today Empel belongs to the parish of St. Quirinus Millingen.

literature

  • Theodor Joseph Lacomblet: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cöln, the principalities of Jülich and Berg, Geldern, Meurs, Kleve and Mark, and the imperial monasteries of Elten, Essen and Werden. Volume 3. Wolf, Düsseldorf 1853.
  • Paul Clemen (ed.): The art monuments of the Rees district (= The art monuments of the Rhine province . Volume 2, section 1). L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1892, pp. 58-60.

( online ).

  • Robert Scholten : A few things about Empel Castle near Rees . In: Lower Rhine history and antiquity friend . Jg. 4, 1906, pp. 2-4, 7, 10-11, 14-15, 18-20, 22-24.
  • Beauties on the Lower Rhine, by Wilhelm van der Veen, edition 1922.
  • Rees County Home Calendar, 1962 and 1968 issues.
  • Hermann Terlinden: From the history of the Empel house . In: Calendar for the Klever Land for 1986 . BOSS, Kleve 1985.
  • Stefan Frankewitz : Castles, palaces and mansions in Rees . BOSS, Goch 2006, ISBN 3-933969-57-3 , pp. 43-51.
  • KAB St. Josef Millingen (ed.), Norbert Behrendt (author), life stories from Millingen and the villages of the Hetter, editions 2007 and 2010.
  • Jens Wroblewski, André Wemmers: Theiss-Burgenführer Niederrhein . Konrad Theiss , Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1612-6 , pp. 50-51 .
  • Heimatverein Millingen - Empel

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See J. Woblewski, 50.
  2. ↑ See Lacomblet, pp. 2-425
  3. ↑ See St. Frankewitz, p. 43.
  4. ^ S. Frankewitz, p. 44.
  5. ^ S. Frankewitz, p. 44.
  6. ↑ See Lacomblet, pp. 3–474
  7. ↑ See Lacomblet, pp. 3–563
  8. ↑ SJ Woblewski, 50th
  9. ^ S. Paul Clemen, p. 58
  10. ^ S. St. Frankewitz, p. 46.
  11. ↑ See also the list of mayors of Rees
  12. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 297 .
  13. ^ Report on the Boers brickworks in the roof tile archive, excerpt from Panneschöpper 1993, pp. 38–61
  14. ↑ January to March 1945: After a raid in The Hague, 500 slave laborers were housed in two event halls.
  15. ↑ Between Jan. 28 and Feb. 12, 1945 there was another branch in the Seegers restaurant with around 300 forced laborers.
  16. ↑ Report on the Herdenkingstocht 2016 , from: dwangarbeidersapeldoorn.nl, March 13, 2016. (Dutch)
  17. ↑ See also: Niederrheinische Verkehrsbetriebe .
  18. ↑ The Empeler churches from the book History and Stories on the Right of the Rhine from Millingen and the Villages of the Hetter by Norbert Behrendt (author) / KAB St. Josef Millingen (ed.)