Grauwinkl

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Grauwinkl
City of Hilpoltstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 10 ′ 58 ″  N , 11 ° 13 ′ 53 ″  E
Height : 430  (424-437)  m
Residents : 110  (1987)
Postal code : 91161
Area code : 09174
map
Grauwinkl

Grauwinkl is a district of Hilpoltstein in the Middle Franconian district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

The village is located about three kilometers east-southeast of the town center of Hilpoltstein on the border between the Middle Franconian Basin and the foreland of the Middle Franconian Alb.

The town hall is about 220 hectares .

Place name interpretation

Karl Kugler interprets the place name as "Krähenwinkel" from "kra" = crow and "winkel" = area surrounded by forest or mountains.

history

On November 19, 1311, "Rudiger the Probst of Chrebinchel" (= Grauwinkl) testifies to a deed of donation for the Cistercian convent Seligenporten . The place belonged to the Stein rule . Later the manor was split up. In 1409, for example, a “Crewinkel” farm is owned by the Elisabeth Hospital of the German Order Commander Nuremberg . In 1451 a document mentions Ulrich Kärling about "Kräwinkl", who sold fields and meadows to the parish of Jahrsdorf.

After the extinction of the Lords of Stein with Hilpolt IV, their territory became ducal-Bavarian in 1385 and in 1505, after the Landshut War of Succession , became part of the new Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg . With the Palatinate-Neuburgic office of Hilpoltstein, Grauwinkl was pledged to the imperial city of Nuremberg from 1542 to 1578 . An immediate change of religion was connected with this change of rule; so the office of Hilpoltstein and thus also Grauwinkl from 1542 to 1627, when the Counter-Reformation took place under Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm , Protestant. The description of the property made by Nuremberg, the Salbuch from 1544, shows 13 “farms, goods and men” for “Crawinkel”; which included:

From 1578 the office of Hilpoltstein and with it Grauwinkl was again Palatinate-Neuburg. In 1727 a chapel was built on the site of a wayside shrine, which was demolished in 1804 and rebuilt in 1814. Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, Grauwinkl was a village of 14 subject properties that belonged to six different landlords

  • one each from the Elisabeth Foundation Nuremberg (German Order) and one from Freiherr Haller von Hallerstein zu Nuremberg,
  • two each from the Protestant Cultural Foundation Nuremberg and two from the Mell'schen Twelve Brothers Foundation, as well
  • Four each from the Hilpoltstein parish church and the Hilpoltstein Rent Office.

The high jurisdiction exercised since 1505 from the Pfalz-neuburgische or last kurbayerische Pflegamt Hilpoltstein.

In the new Kingdom of Bavaria (1806) a tax district Jahrsdorf was formed; Grauwinkl, Solar and Schafhof (1837 an estate with 16 residents) also belonged to him, as well as the Krohenhof, Patersholz with Eibach and Pierheim with Bischofsholz .

In 1867 the community of Solar, i.e. Solar, Grauwinkl and Schafhof, had a total of 221 inhabitants and 78 buildings; Grauwinkl had 86 inhabitants and 30 buildings. In 1875 there were 131 head of cattle in Grauwinkl. In the same year, 192 inhabitants, three horses, 272 head of cattle, 266 sheep and 51 pigs were officially counted in the rural community of Solar with its three towns. Grauwinkl's children went to school in the parish of Jahrsdorf. Around 1900 the community of Solar had 202 inhabitants, 82 of them in Grauwinkl.

On January 1, 1971, the previously independent community of Solar with the districts of Auhof and Grauwinkl was incorporated into the town of Hilpoltstein as part of the regional reform in Bavaria .

From 1970 to 1980 the land consolidation procedure was carried out. Until the 1970s, the 13 Grauwinkler dairy farmers delivered their milk twice a day to the milk house in the center of the village. As part of the village renewal, after the dairy house was demolished in 2004, a village square with a well fed from an underground spring, consisting of a Jura stone as a "source stone", was created. Also as part of the village renewal, a village community center was built from 1990/91 as an extension to the machine hall from 2004 to 2006.

Population development

  • 1818: 085 (18 properties; 16 families)
  • 1867: 086 (30 buildings)
  • 1875: 081 (50 buildings)
  • 1904: 082 (16 residential buildings)
  • 1937: 079 (Catholics only)
  • 1950: 088 (14 properties)
  • 1961: 072 (14 residential buildings)
  • 1973: 089
  • 1987: 110 (23 residential buildings, 24 apartments)
At the local chapel
19th century wayside cross in Grauwinkl

Local Catholic chapel

Grauwinkl initially belonged to the parish of Hilpoltstein, and in the Middle Ages to the parish of Jahrsdorf. The village chapel, a ground-floor plastered building with oculus windows, a gable roof, coupled roof turret (with a bell from 1958) and profiled sandstone door frames, is marked 1814. It is the successor to a chapel that existed from 1727 to 1804. The furnishings are worth mentioning: Figures of Jesus Christ and the Eichstätt diocesan saints Willibald and Walburga, “folk baroque carvings”, a late Gothic Madonna with child, a Baroque figure of Joseph and a small figure “Jesus on the scourge column”.

Architectural monuments

In addition to the local chapel, the Grauwinkl 5 stable house , a ground-floor saddle roof building with a plastered half-timbered gable from the mid-19th century to the east of the local chapel, is a listed building (monument number D-5-76-127-138).

societies

  • Solar-Grauwinkl volunteer fire brigade, founded in 1896
  • Women's regulars table, founded in 2001

traffic

Grauwinkl is located on a community road that branches off to the west of the town from the state road 2238 and, after crossing under the ICE route Munich – Nuremberg and the A 9 motorway , leads to Pierheim. The Main-Danube Canal with the Hilpoltstein lock runs about one kilometer north of Grauwinkl .

literature

  • Wolfgang Wiessner: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia, series I, issue 24: Hilpoltstein. Munich 1978
  • Voluntary fire brigade Solar-Grauwinkl (ed.): Chronik Solar-Grauwinkl , Hilpoltstein 2007
  • Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937
  • Hans Georg Heydler: Brake drum as a bell replacement. In: Hilpoltsteiner Kurier from August 17, 2014

Web links

Commons : Grauwinkl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Tichy : Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 163 Nuremberg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1973. →  Online map (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  2. ↑ Wiessner, p. 30
  3. ^ Karl Kugler: Explanation of a thousand place names of the Altmühlalp and its surroundings. One try. Eichstätt 1873: Verlag der Krüll'schen Buchhandlung, p. 172; also: Collecting sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 46/47 (1931/32), p. 70
  4. ↑ sound shift from binchel to winkel
  5. ^ CH von Lang and Maximilian von Freyberg: Regesta sive Rerum Boicarum Autographa ... , Volume V, Munich 1936, p. 209 f.
  6. ↑ Gerhard Pfeiffer: The oldest land register of the Deutschordenskommende Nürnberg , Neustadt an der Aisch 1981, p. 139
  7. ^ Negotiations of the Historical Association of Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, Volume 29, 1874, p. 12
  8. ↑ Carl Siegert: History of the rule, castle and town Hilpoltstein, their rulers and residents. In: Negotiations of the historical association of Upper Palatinate and Regensburg 20 (1861), p. 220
  9. ↑ Buchner I, p. 537
  10. ↑ Wiessner, p. 213
  11. ↑ Wiessner, p. 256 f.
  12. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 714
  13. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 891
  14. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of locations , Munich 1904, column 1221
  15. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 483 .
  16. ↑ Chronicle, p. 54
  17. ↑ Chronicle, pp. 46–50
  18. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise ... , Ansbach 1818, p. 31
  19. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 714
  20. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 891
  21. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of locations , Munich 1904, column 1221
  22. ↑ Buchner I, p. 538
  23. ^ Wiessner, p. 257
  24. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 798
  25. ^ Wiessner, p. 262
  26. ↑ Official directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 , Munich 1991, p. 348
  27. ↑ Heydler
  28. ↑ Buchner I, pp. 504, 537; Out and about together. Churches and parishes in the district of Roth and in the city of Schwabach , Schwabach / Roth undated [2000], p. 113
  29. ↑ Hans Wolfram Lübbeke and Otto Braasch: Monuments in Bavaria. Middle Franconia: Ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological site monuments , Munich 1986, p. 467