Solar (Hilpoltstein)

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Solar
City of Hilpoltstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 11 ′ 1 ″  N , 11 ° 12 ′ 49 ″  E
Height : 436  (434-448)  m
Residents : 206  (1987)
Incorporation : 1st January 1971
Postal code : 91161
Area code : 09174
map
Village square with solar fountain

Solar is a district of Hilpoltstein in the Middle Franconian district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

The village is surrounded by fields and meadows, about one and a half kilometers southeast of the town center of Hilpoltstein on the land terrace of a layer formed by the upper castle sandstone and Feuerletten. The Main-Danube Canal runs 1 km to the north . It is located on the edge of the Franconian Lake District , the Rothsee is 4 km away.

The local corridor is about 230, the community corridor in 1961 476.65 hectares .

Local chapel from 1877

Place name interpretation

Karl Kugler interprets the place name as “house on the puddle / at the swamp / at the pool” from “sol” (= mud, swamp) and “ler” (= apartment). A more recent interpretation sees the old high German "solari" in the place name for "Söller, elevated hall, terrace", so solar as a settlement "on the mountain".

history

The first settlement took place in the third Germanic settlement period in the 9th to 12th centuries. There is no proof of the dating of a first documented mention of the local nobility "Engilher de Solar" to the year 1109. The local nobility presumably had their manor in the property that was managed by the Nuremberg citizen Georg Pabst in the 16th century; The imperial ministerial Heinrich von Stein had sold this farm to “Solern” in 1337 to a certain Irmel die Lemmlin, although it is uncertain whether “Solern” is actually identical with Solar. When in 1376 Hilpolt the elder and his wife Percht as well as Hilpolt the younger and his wife Margareta donated five perpetual masses at the parish church in Hilpoltstein, they endowed them with goods in solar, among other things. After the extinction of the Lords of Stein with Hilpolt IV, their property became ducal-Bavarian in 1385 and in 1505, after the Landshut War of Succession , came to the new Duchy of Pfalz-Neuburg . From 1530 to 1680 the Nuremberg trading line of the Gammersfelder owned the noble residence of Solar, then the Oelhafen family until 1722.

With the Palatinate-Neuburgic Office, Solar was pledged to the imperial city of Nuremberg from 1542 to 1578 . An immediate change of religion was connected with this change of rule; the Hilpoltstein office and thus also Solar were Protestant from 1542 to 1627, when the Counter-Reformation took place under Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm . The description of the goods made by Nuremberg, the Salbuch from 1544, shows “farms, goods and teams” for Solar 21. Three belonged to the Stein rule, two to the Seligenporten monastery , six were "old Nuremberg", one property belonged to the Nuremberg citizen Georg Pabst, two were owned by stone choirs and six belonged to the church at (Hilpolt-) Stein. From 1578 the office Hilpoltstein and thus also Solar was again Palatinate-Neuburg. Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, Solar was a village of 20 subjects owned by ten different landlords,

  • half of the church in Jahrsdorf ,
  • one of each of the von Schwarz estate of Nuremberg and the monastery office of Seligenporten,
  • two each to the curb-Bavarian caste office Hilpoltstein and the curb-Bavarian rent office Hilpoltstein,
  • three each from the Protestant Cultural Foundation Nuremberg and three from the Hilpoltstein Choir Foundation , as well as
  • five and a half of the parish church Hilpoltstein.
  • Two properties were freely owned.

The high jurisdiction exercised since 1505 from the Pfalz-neuburgische or last kurbayerische Pflegamt Hilpoltstein.

In the new Kingdom of Bavaria (1806) a tax district Jahrsdorf was formed; Solar with Grauwinkl and Schafhof (1837 a property with 16 residents), also the Krohenhof, Patersholz with Eibach and Pierheim with Bischofsholz belonged to him .

In 1867 the community of Solar, i.e. Solar, Grauwinkl and Schafhof, had a total of 221 inhabitants and 78 buildings; Solar itself accounted for 120 residents and 44 buildings. In 1875 there was a horse and 130 head of cattle in Solar. In the same year, 192 inhabitants, three horses, 272 head of cattle, 266 sheep and 51 pigs were officially counted in the rural community of Solar with its three towns. While the children from Solar and Schafhof attended school in Hilpoltstein, the children from the district of Grauwinkl went to school in Jahrsdorf. Around 1900 the community had 202 inhabitants, 113 of them in Solar itself. By this time the parish's livestock had changed somewhat; now officially four horses, 302 cattle, only 107 sheep, but 154 pigs and an additional six goats were counted. By 1961, the population of the community doubled to 402, mainly due to the Auhof education and children's home in Schafhof (223 inhabitants in five buildings).

In 1933 a National Socialist so-called Freedom Monument was erected on the Solarer Höhe, a monument with a 15 hundredweight swastika. It was razed by the Americans on April 21, 1945.

On January 1, 1971, the previously independent community of Solar with the districts of Auhof and Grauwinkl was incorporated into the town of Hilpoltstein as part of the regional reform in Bavaria .

A settlement area to the west was added to the Altort in the 1970s. In 2002 a new fire station was built, which is also available for the care of the village community. In 2006/07, after the old fire station was demolished, the village square was redesigned with a fountain and milk cans made of granite (reminiscent of the “Milchbruck” previously located here as a collection point for milk) and benches. In 2007, only four of Solars' once 20 farms were still active; outside the village there was a pig farm.

Population development

(only the village of Solar, not the community of Solar)

  • 1818: 105 (12 properties; 24 families)
  • 1820: 110 (21 properties)
  • 1867: 120 (44 buildings)
  • 1875: 101 (62 buildings)
  • 1904: 113 (23 residential buildings)
  • 1937: 118
  • 1950: 116 (22 properties)
  • 1961: 107 (22 residential buildings)
  • 1973: 124
  • 1987: 206 (55 residential buildings, 58 apartments)

Catholic village chapel

Solar belongs to the Catholic parish Hilpoltstein. The village chapel, a ground-floor sandstone block building with a saddle roof, turret and round apse, is marked with 1877 on an inscription plaque embedded above the entrance. In that year the chapel was assigned after the community, as the builder of the chapel, had also notarized itself to its maintenance. It is considered an architectural monument (monument number D-5-76-127-116). In 1881 a way of the cross came into the chapel. In 1970 the roof turret received a new bell. In 2003 a figure of the Archangel Michael from South Tyrol was placed on the altar. Two half-figures in the chapel represent unknown saints; the furnishings also include a Madonna from the Rococo period and baroque procession poles .

Architectural monuments

In addition to the local chapel, the Solar B 12 residential stable, a one-storey hipped roof building with a solid ground floor and plastered half-timbered gable, dendrochronologically dated to 1700/1701, is a monument (monument number D-5-76-127-141).

societies

  • Solar-Grauwinkl volunteer fire brigade, founded in 1896

Special events

The cycling route of the annual Challenge Roth triathlon runs over the Solarer Berg .

traffic

The state road 2238 that crosses the town leads to Hilpoltstein or to the Hilpoltstein junction (AS 56) of the A 9 motorway, which runs approx. 2.5 km to the east . Communal roads lead to Marquardsholz and Eibach.

literature

  • Wolfgang Wiessner: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia, series I, issue 24: Hilpoltstein. Munich 1978
  • Voluntary fire brigade Solar-Grauwinkl (ed.): Chronik Solar-Grauwinkl , Hilpoltstein 2007
  • Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937

Web links

Commons : Solar (Hilpoltstein)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Geological map 6833 1: 25,000 download from the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (ZIP 31,187 kB)
  2. ↑ Wiessner, p. 39; Official directory for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 798
  3. ^ Karl Kugler: Explanation of a thousand place names of the Altmühlalp and its surroundings. One try. Eichstätt 1873: Verlag der Krüll'schen Buchhandlung, pp. 139, 203
  4. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 46/47 (1931/32). P. 67
  5. ↑ Wiessner, p. 145, note 811
  6. ^ Wiessner, p. 145
  7. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association, 23 (1908), p. 59
  8. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 39 (1924), p. 40
  9. ↑ Carl Siegert: History of the rule, castle and town Hilpoltstein, their rulers and residents. In: Negotiations of the historical association of Upper Palatinate and Regensburg 20 (1861), pp. 203, 214
  10. ^ Wiessner, p. 234
  11. ↑ Wiessner, p. 256 f.
  12. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 714
  13. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 891
  14. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of locations , Munich 1904, column 1221
  15. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 798
  16. ↑ Monument of bondage . In: Hilpoltsteiner Kurier from July 16, 2013
  17. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 483 .
  18. ↑ Chronicle, p. 23
  19. ↑ Chronicle, p. 24
  20. ↑ Chronicle, p. 38
  21. ↑ Chronicle, p. 18
  22. ↑ Alphabetical list of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise ... , Ansbach 1818, p. 86
  23. ^ Wiessner, p. 257
  24. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 714
  25. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 891
  26. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of locations , Munich 1904, column 1221
  27. ↑ Buchner I, p. 507
  28. ^ Wiessner, p. 257
  29. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 798
  30. ↑ Wiessner, p 263
  31. ↑ Official directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 , Munich 1991, p. 348
  32. ↑ Buchner I, pp. 505, 509
  33. ↑ The local chapel on hilpoltstein.de
  34. ↑ Chronicle, p. 40
  35. ^ Chronicle, p. 41 f .; Out and about together. Churches and parishes in the district of Roth and in the city of Schwabach , Schwabach / Roth undated [2000], p. 105
  36. ↑ Hans Wolfram Lübbeke and Otto Braasch: Monuments in Bavaria. Middle Franconia: Ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological site monuments , Munich 1986, p. 467
  37. ↑ Triathlon 2015 on hilpoltstein.de