Kauerlach

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Kauerlach
City of Hilpoltstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 58 ″  N , 11 ° 19 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 400  (400-405)  m
Residents : 13  (2012)
Postal code : 91161
Area code : 09179
Kauerlach
Kauerlach
Kauerlacher Weiher
Local chapel
Interior of the local chapel

Kauerlach is a district of the town of Hilpoltstein in the Central Franconian district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

The hamlet is located 11 km southeast of Hilpoltstein on the southeastern part of the Kauerlacher Weiher. Between Meilenbach and Höfen , a connecting road to the north to the Kauerlachs farms branches off from State Road 2389.

Place name interpretation

The oldest documents write the place names as "Chaurlach", "Kawailach", "Kawerlach" and "Kawlach". In 1598/1604 there is talk of “Kaurlaweyh”, 1646 of “Kauerlein Weyher”. "Kaue / Kaulein" means "little hut"; Kauerlach therefore means "to the huts on the 'lacha'" (= pond). Another interpretation sees the final word “chauer” for “choir, choir pen” in the place name; a connection between Kauerlach and the Eichstätter Domstift cannot be proven.

history

Kauerlach was first mentioned in a document from 1294 as Chaurlach ; Sayfried von Monheim or Mörnsheim , episcopal treasurer in Eichstätt , sold his tenth of two farms in Oberkauerlach ("Superiori Chaurlach") and half of a tenth in Unterauerlach, just a few minutes away ("Inferiori Chaurlach") with the approval of the Bishop Reimboto as fiefdom giver of the tithe to the German Order Coming in Obermässing ; It is unclear whether this already owned the manor of Kauerlach or whether it only came to the manor when the local aristocracy died out. By 1386 at the latest, however, Kauerlach was under the rule of the Teutonic Order in Obermässing.

Unterkauerlach is last mentioned in the middle of the 15th century; there was a nobility seat as a moated castle on the banks of the Schwarzach , which at that time was already known as the Burgstall . In the early 20th century, the moat was the last remnant of the castle stables. Of the local nobility, the ministerial of the noble free von Heideck, only one Heinrich der Kauerlacher is named in several documents between 1297 and 1345.

In the middle of the 15th century, Kauerlach consisted of four estates belonging to the Teutonic Order, which were managed by two people behind. In 1465 the Teutonic Order property in Obermässing was bought by the Eichstätt Monastery . In 1481 and 1486 there is talk of a "new" pond of Kauerlach, that is, it is enlarged towards the east; Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau had bought several fields and meadows by the pond for this purpose. Kauerlach and his two subjects, who changed frequently during the Middle Ages, were subordinate to the Obermässing nursing and caste office , and later to the Hilpoltstein nursing office . During the Peasants' War , a conversation took place at the Kauerlacher Weiher between the Palatinate Duke Friedrich and peasant rebels, which had no effect on the peasants. The hamlet belonged to the parish Meckenhausen (parish presumably since 1540; 1542 introduction of the Lutheran church order; 1628 re-Catholicization); In 1926 the parish was moved to Forchheim . In the Thirty Years' War , the two farms of Kauerlachs were deserted according to the Obermässinger property description of 1642 and 1644. For the early 18th century, farm owners are named again.

At the end of the Old Kingdom , Kauerlach consisted of two farms of almost the same size, the "upper" and the "lower" courtyard, and the dynasty, princely pond house with barn, which the "Weyherknecht" lived as a fisherman. The nature and extent of fish farming in the Kauerlacher Weiher have not been handed down. On the pond there was “a tremendous amount of game birds, and the right of small hunting there, which is exercised by the Obermässing maintenance office, was recently assured to the principality of Eichstätt by Count Palatine Philipp Ludwig in a comparison of 1611. The Abbey of Plankstetten receives one and a half quintals of fish instead of the tithe when the large Kauerlacher Weyher is fished. ”Plankstetten's tithe rights date back to the time when the Eichstätt bishop enlarged the pond.

With the secularization of the Eichstätt Monastery, the Kingdom of Bavaria became the owner of Kauerlachs and the pond. In 1806 Bavaria sold the pond to the two Kauerlach farm owners. With its three properties and 35 inhabitants, Kauerlach initially belonged to the municipality of Karm and the tax district of Weinsfeld ; from 1818 or 1820 the hamlet belonged to the municipality and the tax district Meckenhausen in the district court (and later district) Hilpoltstein ; In 1835 there were three houses in Kauerlach. Kauerlach came back to the municipality of Karm in the 19th century. In 1875 five horses and 35 head of cattle were kept in seven buildings by the 16 inhabitants.

In the course of the Bavarian territorial reform , Kauerlach was reclassified as Karmer district on January 1, 1972 to Meckenhausen and on July 1, 1976 to Hilpoltstein.

The Kauerlacher Weiher, enlarged three to four times, was intended as a water reservoir for the Mindorf line of the Main-Danube Canal , planned in the 1930s , south of today's canal. With the pond which was 40.69 1,986 hectares large nature reserve Vogelfreistätte Kauer Lacher pond (NSG 00276.01) reported; rare bird species and remarkable migrants have been observed here. A herring gull from the former Herzoglich-Leuchtenberg collection in Eichstätt was shot at the Kauerlacher Weiher.

Population development

  • 1820: 35
  • 1835: 28
  • 1875: 16
  • 1937: 18
  • 1950: 26
  • 1961: 16
  • 1973: 13
  • 2012: 13

Local Catholic chapel

The retirement clergy high school professor Edmund Kaiser (born July 15, 1911 in Kauerlach; ordained a priest on July 12, 1937; † September 28, 1983) built the hall with a three-sided choir and roof turret in 1978. Today the chapel is looked after by monks from the Benedictine Abbey of Plankstetten.

Facilities

  • 3.5 hectare campsite on the Kauerlacher Weiher

literature

  • Wolfgang Wiessner: Hilpoltstein . In: Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Franconia, Series I, Issue 24. Munich 1978, ISBN 3-7696-9908-4 ( digitized version ).
  • Felix Mader : The Kauerlacher Weiher. In: Heimgarten, 19th year, 1938, No. 12, p. [1] f.
  • Franz Xaver Buchner : The Diocese of Eichstätt , 1st volume. Eichstätt 1937, p. 335 f.
  • Th. D. Popp: Register of the bissthume Eichstätt . Eichstätt: Ph. Brönner 1836

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Collective sheet Historischer Verein Eichstätt 52 (1937), p. 18
  2. ↑ Mader, Kauerlacher Weiher
  3. ↑ a b c d Mader, Kauerlacher Weiher, p. [2]
  4. ↑ Mader, Kauerlacher Weiher, p. [1]
  5. ^ Wolfgang Wiessner: Hilpoltstein . In: Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Franconia, Series I, Issue 24. Munich 1978, ISBN 3-7696-9908-4 , p. 128 ( digitized version ).
  6. ^ Wolfgang Wiessner: Hilpoltstein . In: Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Franconia, Series I, Issue 24. Munich 1978, ISBN 3-7696-9908-4 , p. 220 ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ Johann Georg Adam Hübsch: History of the Eysölden market and its surroundings , Nuremberg 1868, new edition 2014, p. 11
  8. ↑ Buchner, p. 335
  9. ↑ a b Mader, Kauerlacher Weiher, p. [3]
  10. ^ Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Bavaria , Third Volume, Ulm 1801, Column 70 f.
  11. ↑ a b c d Wolfgang Wiessner: Hilpoltstein . In: Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Franconia, Series I, Issue 24. Munich 1978, ISBN 3-7696-9908-4 , p. 254 ( digitized version ).
  12. ↑ a b Popp. P. 111
  13. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 889 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  14. ↑ Bulletin of the City of Heideck, Volume 40, No. 5 (May 2012), p. 8
  15. ↑ [1]
  16. ^ Andreas Johannes Jäckel: Systematic overview of the birds Bavaria , Munich and Leipzig 1891, p. 361
  17. ↑ Buchner, p. 336
  18. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 795 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Müller's Großes Deutsches Ortsbuch 2012 , Berlin / Boston 2012, p. 701
  20. ↑ Notice in the chapel; Schematism Eichstätt 1966, p. 28

Web links

Commons : Kauerlach (Hilpoltstein)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files