Highbend

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Highbend
City of Tönisvorst
Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 41 ″  N , 6 ° 28 ′ 31 ″  E
Height : approx. 37-38 m
Area : 62 ha
Postal code : 47918
Area code : 0 21 56
map
Hochbend in the urban area of Tönisvorst in the district of Viersen

Hochbend (actually: the Hochbend ) is a small rural outskirts on the southern edge of the town of Tönisvorst, which belongs to the district of Viersen, in the west of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia . Hochbend consists of only a few houses and individual farmsteads , thanks to the local curative education center Krefeld - Kreis Viersen and the restaurant Landhaus Hochbend , the settlement in the area is relatively well known despite its small size. An earlier name was Hoogenbend around 1800 . Hochbend has the postcode 47918, which is the same for the entire Tönisvorst urban area.

history

The dirt road "Hohe Straße" is an ancient road and probably dates from Roman times .
Hochbend seen from about its north-western corner:
In the center of the picture, between two cattle pastures, the Votzhöfer Graben, which is heavily silted up and overgrown with grass, is just visible.

Highbend in Roman times

Hochbend is bordered on its western edge by an unpaved dirt road, which is called " Hohe Straße ". Several archaeological sites in the area suggest that it is a traffic route from Roman times that led from Neuss via Kaarst and Alt-Willich to Kehn and on to Kempen .

Highbend from the Middle Ages to the end of the 18th century

The Votzhöfer Graben runs through Hochbend in an east - west direction . This moat , now largely silted up , separated Hochbend from the Middle Ages until the end of 1969 into two administrative areas that were permanently separated from each other. The Votzhöfer Graben is the remnant of a Landwehr . A little east of Hochbend on the northern edge of the Renneshof golf course and the Holterhöfe as well as in the adjacent forest , remnants of the original earthworks are still in good to very good condition.

In the middle of the 14th century, the lands north of Hochbend belonged to the Kempen office , an administrative district of the then Electorate of Cologne . The area south of Hochbend, however, belonged to the Amt Linn , an exclave of the former county of Kleve . The since 1370 as Kölnischer Elector and Archbishop reigning Frederick III. saw the area of ​​his office Kempen threatened by the county of Kleve and, after taking office, initiated the construction of the Landwehr as a border fortification between the Cologne office of Kempen and the Klev office of Linn . This Landwehr is said to have originally extended from Linn to the Niers near Süchteln .

The entire construction project proved to be superfluous after just a few years. As early as 1392, the Klevian Count Adolf I sold the Cologne Elector Friedrich III, who was still in office at the time. the Amt Linn for 70,000 Rhenish guilders . The so elaborately fortified Cologne-Klevian state border became (by today's standards) a kind of district border between two administrative districts of the Electorate of Cologne . The northern part of Hochbend was henceforth in the Kempen office and belonged there to the Great Honnschaft , an area from which the later municipality of Vorst essentially developed. The southern part was in the Linn district and belonged to the Darderhöfe area in the Kraphauser Honnschaft , which extended roughly over today's northern peripheral and outer areas of the Willich district of Anrath . Both parts, the north of Hochbender in the Kempen office and the south in the Linn office, belonged to the Electorate of Cologne from 1392 . This constellation changed very little for centuries , until 1794 French revolutionary troops occupied the Electorate of Cologne and other areas on the left bank of the Rhine .

Hochbend during the French period around 1802.
Hochbend approx. 1844 on an old Prussian map .

High trend from the French era to the end of the 19th century

Four years after the military occupation , the French authorities implemented several administrative reforms from 1798 onwards. From the great affinity of the Kempen office with the northern Hochbend, the Commune de Vorst (" municipality Vorst ") in the canton of Kempen , the Kraphauser Honschaft of the office Linn with the southern Hochbend belonged to the Commune de Willich (" municipality Willich ") in Canton of Neersen . Both cantons , Kempen and Neersen , belonged to the Arrondissement of Krefeld in the Roer department . The border between two offices in the Electorate of Cologne had now become a French canton border, which separated the northern area of ​​the Hochbend from the southern. The municipalities of Vorst and Willich involved here were finally upgraded to so-called Mairies (" mayor's offices ") in October 1800 .

After the end of the French era , the area came under Prussian administration in 1814/15 . The Mairies Vorst and Willich were renamed " mayor's offices ", the French cantons were dissolved and, from 1816, replaced by - generally larger - Prussian districts . From 1816 Vorst belonged to the Kempen district , which was considerably larger than the canton of the same name, and Willich was added to the newly created Krefeld district. The Prussian district border ran, like the Cologne official border and the French canton border, in the Hochbend along the Votzhöfer trench and, as before, divided the area into two administratively different areas.

At the end of the 1840s, the Ruhrort-Crefeld-Kreis Gladbacher Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft began building the railway line from Ruhrort to Mönchengladbach ; the Homberg - Krefeld - Viersen section , which ran past the southern edge of the Hochbend, was put into operation on October 15, 1849. However, there was no stop at Hochbend for the time being.

High trend since 1900

In 1908, the Hochbend forest recreation center was opened , a kind of spa that was primarily intended for those seeking relaxation from nearby Krefeld . The forest recreation site was initially planned for outpatient recreational stays, which means that those seeking relaxation should mostly sleep at home and arrive in Hochbend in the morning and leave again in the evening. For this reason, a railway stop was set up in Hochbend in 1909 to enable day- vacationers to commute. In 1914 there was an exchange of territory between the communities of Willich and Anrath , and the Darderhöfe area , which also included the southern part of the Hochbends, was ceded by Willich to the community of Anrath. Since the municipality of Anrath, like Willich, belonged to the Krefeld district at that time, the district affiliation of the southern Hochbends did not change.

In 1923, the forest recreation center stopped operating the spa for adults and was instead expanded into a pure children's recreation home , in which the children could also spend the night. In 1929, the district of Kempen was enlarged by a number of other communities, most of which had belonged to the then dissolved Krefeld district. The enlarged district was therefore named the district of Kempen-Krefeld . Among the new communities was Anrath with the southern part of the Hochbend, so that from then on all of Hochbend was in the same district, but was still divided between two communities, namely Anrath and Vorst. The contiguous area of ​​the children's recreation center, including the associated wooded area, extended over parcels of both communities.

In 1962 the railway stop at Hochbend was closed, in 1968 the forest recreation site was closed. In 1969 the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs of North Rhine-Westphalia and the Rhineland Regional Association decided to convert the vacant forest recreation site into a curative education center for mentally and physically handicapped children . On January 1, 1970, the communities involved in Hochbend, Anrath and Vorst, were both incorporated. Anrath was incorporated into the city ​​of Willich , Vorst to Tönisvorst . On this occasion, the old municipal boundaries were straightened in many places. Unlike the earlier Vorst-Anrath municipality border, the border between Tönisvorst and Willich no longer ran along the Votzhöfer trench across Hochbend, but along the railway line on the southern edge of it. Since 1970, Hochbend has been part of Tönisvorst as a single entity, which ended the centuries-old split between two higher-level administrative structures.

The administration wing of the curative education center built in 1977 .

From the autumn of 1970 the former forest recreation site was gradually put back into operation, initially as a kindergarten for mentally and physically handicapped children. Since the beginning of 1975, Hochbend belonged to the district of Viersen as a district of Tönisvorst , which had emerged from the district of Kempen-Krefeld with minor changes . In 1977 the curative education center had a larger new building built along the railway line to house its administration and several workshops .

economy

Two businesses have made Hochbend known beyond the city ​​of Tönisvorst :

Special Education Center Hochbend

The curative education center , which has already been mentioned several times, was founded in 1967 as a non-profit GmbH (gGmbH) in order to create suitable jobs in supervised workshops for disabled people . The shareholders of the company are the city ​​of Krefeld , the district of Viersen , the Lebenshilfe Krefeld eV , the Lebenshilfe Viersen eV and the association for the physically and multiply handicapped eV The company, which is active in a total of 10 branches in the district of Viersen and the city of Krefeld, has its location in Hochbend Headquarters and offers a total of 340 work and care places here. Other offers in Hochbend are early support for disabled children and a day care center .

Landhaus Hochbend

The villa Hochbend located on the Diisseldorferstrasse 11 in Hochbend and a restaurant serving fine French cuisine . The restaurant has space for 60 people in its interior, and in good weather the garden terrace can also be used. The villa Hochbend was 2010 at the Aral Schlemmer Atlas as "stylish" and described for the shown there cooking skills rewarded with two "pairs spoon".

The Landhaus Hochbend on the railway line between Forsthaus and Anrath . Until 1962, the “Hochbend” railway stop was roughly at the level of today's restaurant operations .
A regional train passes by in the direction of Krefeld near Hochbend 2013.

traffic

Railway - The Hochbend stop

After the railway line with the Homberg - Krefeld - Viersen section on the southern edge of Hochbend was opened in 1849 , there was initially no stop in Hochbend. In view of the imminent development of the Hochbender forest recreation site , an emergency stop with a temporary reception building was set up in 1907 . Finally, in connection with the spa operation of the forest recreation site, which was then opened in 1908, a regular railway stop was put into operation in March 1909 . However, there was no real station building, the ticket sales were carried out by the gatekeeper . In 1909 the gatekeeper sold 1,299 tickets , in 1913 the number was as high as 1,912. The Hochbend stop was at 79.87 km. The stop was lifted again in 1962, and since then there has been no more boarding in Hochbend for passenger transport. The closest railway stops are now the Anrath and Forsthaus stops on the same route. Both stops are approx. 2  km from Hochbend.

Other local public transport

Hochbend is bypassed widely by other local public transport. Like the train stations, the next bus stops are in the neighboring towns of Anrath or Forstwald and are approx. 2 km away. There is another bus stop in the north of the Kehn about 3 km from Hochbend, in St. Tönis there is also a tram stop just 4 km away .

Road traffic

On the western edge of Hochbend runs the state road L 379 , that is the Düsseldorfer Straße , which leads from St. Tönis to Willich (from the intersection at Anrath as L 361 ). About 4  km southeast of Hochbend this state road crosses the A 44 near Münchheide . This is where you will find junction no. 23 (" Münchheide "), the closest motorway entrance.

A little north of Hochbend, the L 379 / Düsseldorfer Straße has passed a roundabout since 2013. This is where the district road 13 ( K 13 / Kehner Heide ) coming from the Kehn flows from the west and the communal road with the street name “ Stock ” coming from the east from Krefeld-Forstwald .

Bike trails

In Hochbend there are two paved rural roads that can be traveled by motorized vehicles limited ( " Residents only "). These paths are therefore well suited for cycling. An official cycle route is signposted through Hochbend , this is the circular route to the neighboring town of Willich . This cycling route is marked with a green " [W] " and runs from the Anrath train station via the Kehn through Hochbend and further into the Willich area of ​​the Holterhöfe or vice versa.

The closer environment

St. Toenis St.Tönis
Laschenhütte
Hagen    Vorst    Kehn Neighboring communities Forstwald
Holterhöfe
Clörath    Anrath  
Neersen 		Münchheide    Alt-Willich

Web links

Commons : Hochbend  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Topographic map 1: 100 000, sheet C4702 (Krefeld) ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (4th edition, published in 1989 by the state survey office of North Rhine-Westphalia (now: Cologne district government), accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bezreg-koeln.nrw.de
  2. ↑ a b topographic map 1: 25000, sheet 4704 (Viersen) (published by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on March 23, 2019)
  3. ↑ a b Homepage of the Heilpädagogisches Zentrum Krefeld - Kreis Viersen gGmbH (accessed on November 11, 2013)
  4. ↑ a b Carmen Granderath: Restaurant: Highly decorated ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Online article by the Middle Lower Rhine Chamber of Commerce and Industry , Krefeld, 2010, accessed on November 11, 2013) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / krefeld.ihk.de
  5. ↑ Map of the Rhineland 1:25 000 by Tranchot and v. Müffling (1801–1828), sheet 35 (Kempen) ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Reprinted in 1971 by the Land Surveying Office of North Rhine-Westphalia, Bonn-Bad Godesberg (now: Cologne District Government), accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bezreg-koeln.nrw.de
  6. ↑ Deutsche Post: Postcode search (online service of Deutsche Post AG , accessed on November 11, 2013)
  7. ↑ German basic map map 1: 5000, sheet 4604/30 (Vorst, Kehn) ( Memento of the original dated November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Published in 2013 by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bezreg-koeln.nrw.de
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Hans Kaiser: Territory formation in the former Electoral Cologne offices of Kempen, Oedt and Linn
    ( series of publications by the district of Viersen, Volume 29 , Kempen (Niederrhein), 1979, ISBN 978-3-931242-04-6 )
  9. ↑ Water station map of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia at ELWAS-WEB
    (online application of the Ministry for Climate Protection, Environment, Agriculture, Nature and Consumer Protection of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia , accessed on November 11, 2013)
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h Irmgard Hantsche: Atlas zur Geschichte des Niederrheins , series of publications by the Niederrhein Academy, Volume 4
    (Verlag Pomp, Bottrop and Essen 1999, 5th edition 2004, ISBN 3-89355-200-6 , accessed on November 11, 2013)
  11. ↑ a b Helmut Sallmann: The Landwehr monument in the Krefeld forest ( memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB) (Online article by the Verein für Heimatkunde eV Krefeld ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link accordingly Instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed on November 11, 2013) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heimat-krefeld.de
     @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heimat-krefeld.de
  12. ↑ Gabriele M. Knoll (Westdeutsche Zeitung) : Kurkölnische Landwehr: Ein Wall am Rande des Waldes
    (Internet article from WZ Newsline , Düsseldorf, from September 12, 2011, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  13. ^ W. Hilgemann, M. Hergt, H. Children: dtv-Atlas Weltgeschichte - Volume 2: From the French Revolution to the Present
    (Publisher: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag , Munich, 15th edition 1980, ISBN 3-423-03002-X , accessed on November 11, 2013)
  14. ^ A b Landesarchiv NRW Rhineland Department, Düsseldorf location: Authorities and holdings before 1816: 1.5.1.2. Roerdépartement
    (Internet publication of the North Rhine-Westphalia State Archives , Düsseldorf, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  15. ^ The Roer Department, 1808 (Reinhard Steger, Olpe's private website, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  16. ↑ a b Thomas Barthels, Armin Möller and Klaus Barthels: Railways on the Lower Rhine: The Chronology of Railway Events from 1837 to 1870 ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Internet presentation by Thomas Barthels, Mönchengladbach, accessed on November 11, 2013) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bahnen-am-niederrhein.de
  17. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Martin Joliet, Michael Körner: 100 JAHRE WALDERHOLUNGSSTÄTTE HOCHBEND
    (Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the forest recreation site Hochbend, Tönisvorst-Hochbend 2008, accessed on November 11, 2008)
  18. ↑ Jürgen Karsten (Rheinische Post) : Tönisvorst: Easy, loose, readable
    (Internet article from RP Online , Düsseldorf, from September 5, 2008, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  19. ↑ a b c Werner Dohmen (Westdeutsche Zeitung) : Anno 1935: Schönster Bahnhof
    (Internet article from WZ Newsline , Düsseldorf, from October 12, 2012, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  20. ↑ a b Willi Schöfer, Peter Korall (Westdeutsche Zeitung) : Westbahnhof St.Tönis: By train quickly into the forest
    (Internet article from WZ Newsline , Düsseldorf, from January 17, 2013, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  21. ↑ Wekel News No. 8 ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( Info flyer , published in 2007 by the Wekel project team of the city ​​of Willich , accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadt-willich.de
  22. ^ Hans Kaiser (Rheinische Post) : Stadt Willich: Am seidenen Faden
    (Internet article from RP Online, Düsseldorf, from September 14, 2010, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  23. ↑ a b course book section 425 ( memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Homepage of Christian Kotschi, accessed on November 11, 2013) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.christian-kotschi.de
  24. ↑ Rudolf H. Müller (Oberkreisdirektor des Landkreis Kempen-Krefeld ) : The report 1968 , published in the Heimatbuch des Kreis Kempen-Krefeld 1969
    (now: Heimatbuch des Kreis Viersen , ISSN  0948-6631 , accessed on November 11, 2013)
  25. ↑ a b District map 1:50 000, No. 34 (District Viersen / City of Krefeld) ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (5th edition 1975, published by the Land Survey Office North Rhine-Westphalia, Bonn-Bad Godesberg (now: Cologne District Government), accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bezreg-koeln.nrw.de
  26. ^ Hotels and gastronomy: Landhaus Hochbend
  27. ↑ Preußische Kartenaufnahme 1:25 000 -Neuaufnahme (1892) -, sheet 4704 (Viersen) ( Memento of the original from May 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Copy, Internet presentation of the University of Greifswald, accessed on November 11, 2013)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / greif.uni-greifswald.de
  28. ↑ a b André Joost: BetriebsstellenArchiv Hochbend. In: NRWbahnarchiv. Retrieved June 24, 2017 .
  29. ^ André Joost: Route archive 2520 - Mönchengladbach - Krefeld-Oppum. In: NRWbahnarchiv. Retrieved June 24, 2017 .
  30. ↑ Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (Internet presence of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr , Gelsenkirchen, accessed on November 11, 2013)
  31. ↑ Topographic map 1: 25000, sheet 4604 (Kempen) (published by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on March 23, 2019)
  32. ↑ Cycling in the Viersen district. Cycling map 1: 50,000, 4th edition 2009
    (published by Bielefelder Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Bielefeld and Wirtschaftsförderungsgesellschaft für der Kreis Viersen mbH, Viersen, ISBN 978-3-87073-122-9 ).