Hermann Maron

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Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Maron (born June 28, 1820 in Koblenz , † December 27, 1882 in Berlin ) was a German journalist , farmer , secretary of the German Trade Conference, traveler and revolutionary .

Hermann Maron around 1870

Life

Childhood, revolution 1848/49 and dissertation

Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Maron was born on June 28, 1820 in Koblenz and was baptized there on July 18, 1820 as a Protestant in the Florins Church, which was then used as a Protestant church. The Maron family, like that of Theodor Fontane , was of Huguenot origin. The ancestors of the mother, Johanna Maria Henriette Mengering (* March 23, 1798; † June 12, 1876), fled to Halle in 1567 from the Inquisition under Duke Alba . On the paternal side, too, the family had many forestmen in their genealogy. His father, the chief forester Ernst Wilhelm Maron , who had volunteered for the Prussian army in 1813, set out on March 19, 1819 as a captain with his wife and his child Oskar, born on February 10, 1819, to travel to Cologne . He had to start his service there. The boy died in Cologne in June 1819. The parents had married on May 15, 1817 in Schlochau . The older brother Oskar died in Cologne in June 1819 of an attack of fever. Maron spent his early youth in Schlochau with grandfather Friedrich Mengering. During this time (January 8, 1830) a rescript was received from Finance Minister Friedrich Christian Adolf von Motz , according to which I would have been appointed Forest Inspector of the Königsberg-Moditten Forest Inspection with the title of Forest Master. (...) Nonetheless, I was happy about this determination made about me, because it expanded my sphere of activity and enriched my experience of the peculiar economic conditions in the East Prussian and Littauian forests to such an extent that I was very grateful to Providence for this arrangement, albeit that The breakdown of the farm in Podanin and the relocation of a family of 7 to 62 miles was associated with many victims. wrote Ernst Wilhelm Maron. Thus the mother Henriette, Hermann Maron, the chief forester Ernst Louis Ottomar Maron (* 1823, † 1885), the farmer Robert Richard Emil (* 1826), Henriette Emma (baptized 1828) and Adelheid (* 1828; † 1848), the who died in an accident is meant. The last three children named were baptized in Kolmar / Posen . Until 1831, Maron spent his childhood with his mother and siblings at Mengering's grandparents in Schlochau, because his father was often on business and the income was very moderate.

Maron attended the Kneiphöfische Gymnasium in Königsberg from 1831 , the Royal Catholic Gymnasium in Opole from spring 1834 and the Royal Comenius Gymnasium in Posen from spring 1836 . Prepared through private tuition , he received his certificate of maturity on September 21, 1839 from the director Ernst Ferdinand August (* 1795, † 1870) of the Cöllnisches Real-Gymnasium in Berlin. On October 30, 1839, Maron enrolled at the theological faculty of the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin , and his father was originally supposed to study theology . Maron's studies in Berlin lasted until March 22, 1842. He was not a very hard-working student because he only attended one lecture each semester, and none in the last semester. He heard the first two theological lectures from Professor August Neander ; then one lecture each with Professors August Twesten and Wilhelm Vatke . During his studies in Berlin, he made close personal and political friendship with Julius Faucher , which lasted until his death in 1878. His first and only theological publication against the German-Catholic direction by Johannes Ronge was published by Maron in Leipzig in 1845 (The religious progress of our time with the relationship between the issues raised by Ronge and Johannes Czerski ) . In Berlin he also met with the so-called “ free ” group around Max Stirner , Bruno Bauer and Edgar Bauer and a few others. After completing his studies, he worked as a farmer from 1843 on his father's estate in Grzybno , Province of Poznan , and studied diligently at the Agricultural Academy in Rainforest (Polish: Resko ) in West Pomerania near Stettin from 1843 to 1844 under the director Dr . Carl Sprengel .

In September 1845 he and his father, Ernst Wilhelm Maron , took part in a congress of farmers and foresters in Breslau , which had more than 950 participants. As early as April 7, 1847, Maron and his friends Julius Faucher and John Prince-Smith co-founded the Free Trade Association in Berlin. Maron wrote a small brochure about the disputes over the free trade association: My free trade. A separate vote by H. Maron, a member of the Berliner Handels-Verein, against its program . He played a leading role in the March Revolution in Berlin on March 18, 1848 and was delegated to Stettin by the Committee of Democrats . He documented his sympathy for the young workers 'movement in a report signed by name about the founding of a Berlin workers' club in the Berlin newspaper hall .

From August 24, 1848 to the end of 1849, he and Eduard Tiessen were the editor of the Ostsee-Zeitung and Börsen-Nachrichten of the Baltic Sea , which also financially supported the democratic refugees around Karl Marx in London. Maron wrote there programmatically: We will continue to strive to justify our well-deserved reputation as champions of free trade in the future. (...) In both it and in the social question we recognize only one principle which is able to lead our conditions towards a successful solution; that is the principle of freedom. [...] Therefore, if other democratic organs resort to socialist and communist principles in order to bribe and win over the uneducated masses for the side of democracy, we must declare that we cannot or will not use such means (...) property may not be shaken.

In 1848 Maron married his wife Dorothea , a writer from Silesia. From around 1850 to 1853 he lived on his own estate in Ober-Heyduk ( Chorzów ) in Silesia, which he sold in 1853. In the same year he acquired the Nieder-Ellgut manor with Colonie Ellgut in the Groß-Strehlitz district , near St. Annaberg , as an allodial in Upper Silesia. The estate was 827 acres in size.

In 1858 Maron gave a lecture in the agricultural and forestry association Opole on artificial fertilizers , which he also submitted for his dissertation. In the winter semester of 1858/59 - from October 15 - he gave trial lectures: Theory of feeding; Forage crops as a lecturer at the Prussian Agricultural Academy in Poggelsdorf near Bonn with the permission of the Minister for preparation for an academic teaching position , in order then - presumably - to gain a position at the higher agricultural college in Proskau near Opole. Maron received his doctorate in Jena , similar to Emanuel Geibel , Robert Schumann or Karl Marx In absentia (in absentia) with a twelve-page dissertation on the topic: Oeconomia politica et falus publica (political economy and the well-being of the state). Friedrich Gottlob Schulze (1795–1860), Professor of Political and Cameral Sciences, was not particularly enthusiastic about the dissertation, but thought it was sufficient . The doctoral certificate was issued on February 25, 1859 and is signed by Schulze and the dean Kuno Fischer as well as by six other professors of the faculty. Maron had submitted his application for a doctorate on January 1, 1859 with a letter from Nieder-Ellguth. His writing Extensive or Intensive? A chapter from the agricultural business theory probably served his additional qualification as a teacher at an agricultural academy.

Expedition to Japan and China

Members of the Prussian East Asia Expedition 1860–1862 (without Hermann Maron)

Through his father's acquaintance with Count Pückler , Minister of Agriculture , who was also District President in Opole from 1835 to 1858, Maron was appointed as an agricultural expert on Pückler's Prussian expedition to Japan, China and East Asia, although there were also 13 other applicants. The Prussian expedition was led by Count Eulenburg and had the goal of securing trade with Japan and China and acquiring military bases. From February 1860 to April 1862 he traveled via Hamburg , Madeira , Rio de Janeiro , Singapore , China , Japan and Formosa . He reports on this in numerous reports available in print, which have been recognized by specialist scientists such as Justus Liebig . One of the Prussian expedition participants, the painter Wilhelm Heine , who had already been to Japan and who knew Mikhail Bakunin from the Dresden barricade fights of 1849, met the fugitive Bakunin in Yokohama in August / September 1861 . Whether Marron knew about it or was there is not exactly proven. In November 1862 he completed his two-volume account of the expedition. Whether Hermann Maron is also the author of the introductory notes on understanding the Japanese situation in the official travel report of the Prussian expedition , as Johann Georg Kohl suspects, has not been proven. Directly from Japan he sent his report to the Minister for Agricultural Affairs on Japanese agriculture, which received great attention throughout Germany and abroad. Maron's report has been reprinted and translated many times. Liebig, the well-known chemist asked Maron to be allowed to print his report and Hermann Maron agreed to this on October 28, 1862: I accept your offer regarding your 7th edition of your agricultural chemistry with a very grateful heart.

German trading day

In 1863 Maron was elected secretary of the German Trading Conference. At the international statistical congress that met in Berlin from September 4 to 11, 1863 and was opened by the Minister of the Interior, Count Eulenburg, Dr. H. Maron, editor in Berlin and his father Ernst Wilhelm Maron, senior forest master and lieutenant colonel ret. D. present in Opole , as the protocol of 1865 shows. Presumably Hermann Maron was also a Freemason . At least it was his father. For the 50th anniversary of Ernst Wilhelm Maron as a bricklayer in the St. Johannis Lodge "Psyche" in Opole, a Maron foundation was established on June 24, 1864 with a capital of 600 thalers.

Maron's article “Stenography” in number 51 of the Berliner Beobachter from December 1865 provided the material for a discussion in the Vossische Zeitung lasting several weeks.

In 1866 Maron became a founding member and secretary of the Berlin "Association for the Promotion of Employment Ability of Women " (since 1872 " Lette Association "), which dealt with female gainful employment and the training of women and continues to do so today.

At the same time as editing the Berlin observer , Maron also held the office of salary general secretary for the German trading day from March 29, 1863 to April 1, 1871. His salary was only 1,200 thalers, but that of his predecessor was 1,500 thalers. In his function as secretary of the trade day, Maron also published some publications such as: Call for the establishment of a house , materials on the customs tariff. Compilation of the applications and petitions relating to the customs tariff as well as the negotiations of the first German customs parliament. In the appendix: The new customs tariff on behalf of the remaining committee of the German Trade Conference or gave presentations: The current situation of inland shipping legislation and participated in discussion events.

The end and the suicide

Maron's father, Ernst Wilhelm Maron, who had retired in 1863, died on March 28, 1882 in Mirow / Mecklenburg-Strelitz . His father, like his brother Louis, was without wealth. That is why Hermann Maron had to earn his living working for several newspapers in the last years of his life and still had a meager and hardly sufficient income. The fee per line was often only 40 pfennigs. In 1880 Maron turned to the Prussian Agriculture Minister Robert Lucius von Ballhausen , who had participated as a ship's doctor in the Prussian East Asia expedition.

"Ew. Excellency, is it known from personal perception that I took part in the East Asian expedition in the years 1860/62 as commissioner of the Ministry of Agriculture; I may therefore refrain from formal proof of the fact. After I had received my doctorate at the Poppelsdorf Academy in the winter semester of 1858/59 by order of the then agriculture minister, Count Pückler , in order to prove my qualification for teaching teaching in agriculture, negotiations were started with me for participation in the expedition. In the course of the same, Count Pückler revealed to me that I would of course 'be able to count on a position in the civil service corresponding to my circumstances. When I returned to Europe I found a change in the ministry. The successor of Count Pückler, Count Itzenplitz, refrained from employing me in the civil service for reasons never given to me. There is hardly any other explanation for this than an interested denunciation of my, incidentally, very harmless political antecedals from the years 1848/49. So I was dependent on looking for my way through the world all over again. But today this can no longer be the subject of a lecture in itself, with which I Ew. Excellency wants to bother you. But I think the attention Ew. To be able to ask for excellence for an aftermath, which may be seen as a reflection of the bureaucratic administration in Prussia at that time, an aftermath that was connected with a positive financial development for me and is still present. (…) When I returned to Europe, I submitted a much more extensive and detailed report on Chinese agriculture. In my accompanying letter of August 24, 1862, I asked for permission to publish it independently and for my own account, referring to the scope of the report and emphasizing my personal financial interests. On November 21 of the same year I received my letter back with a negative reply. (...) My legal obligation to wait for it had to be highly dubious; I had also attached much more to my request the character of a form of courtesy than that of an officially binding act. But since I was refused this request under the motivation given above, I considered myself morally bound. So the manuscript, born in sweat and with many complaints, stayed in my desk - where it is still today. "

- quoted from Hermann Maron at von Ballhausen March 17, 1880.

The minister only granted Maron the small sum of 300 thalers.

In desperation, Maron wrote two farewell letters, one to his landlord, the theater director Rudolf Ferdinand Rosseck:

“Berlin, December 27, 1882. Dear Mr. R.! The news of the deed which I had to commit will have reached you faster than these lines. Here I am informing you that this lunchtime bailiff G. ( Oranienburgerstrasse ) is to be expected in my apartment to bring furniture to the depository. Keep your privilege. It is about 200 marks, a second seal (from the other side) amounts to 50 marks. There is also an income tax seal somewhere. Other things are not sued. In the interests of my other creditors besides you and the aforementioned, I would like it (you are entitled to rent until April 1st) if the things could still stay in the apartment, be sorted out by legally sworn persons and a complete inventory could be made, I have heirs not, and those I have will certainly not inherit. But if my estate is treated like this and then auctioned off, I believe that all creditors can be satisfied. What you can do to satisfy the wine merchant Mr. AK, you do above all else. I send you my final greeting through these last lines of mine. Yours sincerely, Dr. H. Marron. "

- quoted from Gustav Spiethoff, p. 46.

Maron addressed the other farewell letter to the editorial staff of the Berliner Tageblatt or its editor-in-chief Arthur Levysohn :

“I'm leaving this life because I have nothing more to live with. In the 63rd year without a fortune, without a position, I find my mental and physical labor used up; before me a future of hunger, misery and shame; small debts beset me on all sides; all plans, all hopes of acquisition have failed - what is life for me, painful and exhausting for years? So I go! To me, I would consider any word of apology superfluous. But I do owe an explanation in relation to another person. I take my wife with me; In 34 years of childless marriage, she was my most loving wife and friend during an eventful, often stormy life. Sicker and even older than me, she would be utterly helpless after my death under the present circumstances. The misery would be terrible, and as far as my circle of vision on this earth extends, I do not see a hand that is ready and at the same time strong enough to save it. If I therefore take her with me into the hereafter, it is a work of mercy, the purest love. Our last greetings to all those who care! And thus commanded God, Dr. H. Marron. "

- quoted from Gustav Spiethoff, p. 47.

After breakfast, Marron shot his unsuspecting wife and then himself.

Traditional poems

The enchanted castle .

From old palaces and castles
Many a little Mährlein opened up to me, But
from all of them, you know them,
The Mähr 'from the enchanted castle.

I feel as if my heart was
such a little castle,
There was a lot of banquets
and fun gymnastics inside.

Much proud knights and squires
and beautiful noblewomen, who
were in silk robes
to see in this castle.

Then came an evil magician,
he was called the Zeitgeist,
who with his curse
banned the proud castle.

There the flowers withered,
The birds all fell silent,
The castle in clouds has
wrapped itself up darkly. -

And when a queen comes,
She
kissed my heart awake with a red mouth ,
Then the magic made it well.

The flowers are sprouting again,
the birds are singing brightly, -
Now I am again, as before,
a happy companion!

H. Marron.

Out! Out! Seed green, the scent of

violets,
lark swirls, blackbirds,
summer rain, mild air,
When I sing such words,
does it take great things
to praise you, spring day?

Marron and Fontane

According to his memories, Theodor Fontane met Marron in Berlin in the summer of 1840. This and the following encounters with Marron impressed Fontane so much that he made four literary experiments in which he tried to make his meetings with Maron literary. Of central importance is a poem whose refrain reads I am making a black cross . “The poem quoted by Fontane and only rediscovered in the course of the new edition of 'From Twenty to Thirty' does not have the title 'I'll make a black cross here', but reads: 'Died!'. It appeared in no. 170 of 'Berliner Figaro' on July 24, 1839. “It is one of eleven poems that Maron published between July 14 and August 23, 1839 in the“ Berliner Figaro ”. Fontane must have met Marron in the summer of 1839. In later years of the “Berliner Figaro” no further publications by Marron can be identified.

In From Twenty to Thirty , Fontane writes:

“We, Fritz Esselbach and I, came from the zoo and strolled away across Karlsplatz towards Oranienburger Strasse, at the opposite end of which, that is, very close to Haackschen Markt, Fritz Esselbach lived. When we got to the corner of Auguststrasse , I saw that here, up a flight of stairs, just above the door of a materials store, a young man was lying in the window smoking his pipe. Fritz Esselbach said hello. The young man to whom this greeting was addressed - a girl's head with a yellow student's cap pulled over his forehead - had a strong reputation; but his pipe was even more prestigious. This was the length of a pendulum on a tower or church clock and hung, over the shop door, almost down to the pavement. In front of the shop door, because it was "oil hour", there was a lot of traffic, so that the whistle constantly had to swing left and right to clear the entrance for the customers who came. Of course it would have been a little bit for the shopkeeper, who was also the house owner, to forbid this, but he was happy to let the students up there go, because this strange barrier was an object of great attraction, a joy for the maids in the whole neighborhood; everyone wanted to pass the student pipe. “Who is that?” I asked, “You said hello upstairs.” “This is Hermann Maron.” (...) At the appointed hour, I climbed the narrow pitch-dark stairs with my friend and after we pounded our way through to the light had introduced them to a group of young men gathered in a small and low room. There weren't many of them, six or eight, and only two of them made a name for themselves later. One was Hermann Maron himself, whom I already knew from that brief encounter, the other was Julius Faucher. Both of them were perfect types of those days. (...) Hermann Maron, our hostel father, set the tone. He came from a very good family, the son of a chief forester in Posen, and, from his youth immensely pampered, had settled into complete princely manners. Even the skeptical Faucher, infinitely superior in intelligence, submitted to him, perhaps because, like all of us, he was in love with the handsome boy. Then there was Maron's apparent poetic superiority. One of his poems had the title: I'm doing a black cross , words that also formed the four-time recurring refrain of the four-stanza song. Mother, friend, beloved have died before him and the question now comes to him, what is still waiting for him, in life, love, happiness. And I'll make a black cross here, too, is the answer here, foreboding. His life was a missed one and it ended suddenly. My acquaintance with him was short-lived back then, in the summer of 1840, and we didn't really get any closer, because, despite his smooth face, yes, I would almost say, for the sake of it, I sensed something uncanny about him. (...) Then - but not until some time later - I saw from the newspapers that he had joined a state expedition destined for East Asia (Japan), the head of which was Count Fritz Eulenburg, who later became Minister of the Interior. Maron's position towards Count Fritz Eulenburg, who may well have a preference for such distinctive personalities, was the best imaginable, so that a bright future seemed to be offered to him, the clearly favored man. He also published a book on Japan that was widely acclaimed. In spite of this, things didn’t turn out right with him, so that in the end he had to regard it as very lucky that a rich, no longer young Silesian lady fell in love with him. The marriage took place, and halfway happy years followed, when the feeling of being out of debt and embarrassment is enough to make someone happy. In those years I saw him again, in his sixties, or not much younger. It was in a large circle with Wilhelm Gentz , the African painter, (...) But it didn't come to that, because not much later he passed away. It went like this. The woman's fortune was exhausted and he moved into an apartment, if I am not mistaken, very close to the Oranienburger Tor, only a few hundred paces from the corner of Auguststrasse where I had met him forty years earlier. The embarrassment grew and he decided to die. His procedure was Maron from vertebra to toe. Incidentally, when the hour came, he showed himself not without a certain love for his wife, if only dictated by gratitude and perhaps even more by a knowledge of character, and so it came about that he asked himself: “Yes, if you are gone now, what will happen to this poor man who could never think and act for herself? The best thing is, she dies with you. ”And so they sat on the sofa in the increasingly desolate apartment and had a very simple breakfast. The woman, unsuspecting, enjoyed it and still with the mouthful, the deadly bullet hit her. The next moment he shot himself through the temple. The letter sent to the landlord on his desk was also characteristic. He apologized that not only had he not paid the rent, but that his actions had also made it difficult to sublet the property. That was his last. "I'll make a black cross". "

- quoted from Theodor Fontane: Autobiographical Writings .
From twenty to thirty : Fontane's memories of Hermann Maron are not always reliable

In the fourth edition of the walks through the Mark Brandenburg. The county of Ruppin adds Fontane among other things:

“The other I met was Hermann Maron, whom I hadn't seen again for more than 45 years (where we jointly founded a poets' club). We found ourselves - very changed; his life had gone wonderfully, and four weeks later he first shot his wife and then himself through the heart. "

- quoted from Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . Vol. 1. The County of Ruppin .

In the essay Cafes of Today and Pastry Shops of Formerly Fontane wrote in 1886:

“If I am not wrong, it was only a three-verse poem by Hermann Maron that we saw that evening and that delighted us. Marron was one of the most talented of the group, lazy and limp, and then suddenly of a morbid energy. So he later passed out and shot, just three years ago, first his wife, then himself. When we had read the poem (the refrain was: I'll make a black cross ), Fiocati came back (...) . That was Anno 42. "

- quoted from Theodor Fontane: Autobiographical Writings .

Compared to Maron's farewell letters and curriculum vitae, Fontane has strangely interwoven poetry and truth.

Maron and Karl Marx

Karl Marx (photo from 1866), reader of Marons Japan and China

Wilhelm Liebknecht , Karl Marx's friend, returned to Berlin from exile in London after the Prussian amnesty of 1862. In an as yet unpublished letter to Karl Marx on June 24, 1864, he wrote:

“I have been working on a local paper called 'The Observer' for 14 days, which mainly deals with community affairs. The editor Maron (from the Japanese Expedition) is the only decent newspaper writer in Berlin - politically 0 - I attacked the theater agents and theater newspapers and stabbed a wasp's nest with them "

- quoted from a copy of the original

Karl Marx , made aware of by Liebknecht, subsequently dealt with Hermann Maron, whom, contrary to many claims, he could not have met in the circle of the “Free” in Berlin in 1840. Mackay , Max Stirner's biographer, who was also supported by Fontane, describes Maron and Marx as members of the Free. Marx had indirectly dealt with Maron as early as October 1849 when Marons co-editor of the "Ostsee-Zeitung and Börsen-Nachrichten der Ostsee", Eduard Tiessen from Stettin, transferred seven pounds sterling to the "Committee for the Support of German Political Refugees" in London. Marron was certainly one of the co-donors. On February 13, 1866, Karl Marx wrote to Friedrich Engels: “The new agricultural chemistry in Germany, especially Liebig and Schönbein, which is more important for this cause than all economists put together (...). The outbreak of Japan (I usually read on average, if not professionally compelled, never read travelogues) was important here. " Marx had read Maron's book Japan and China. This is another reason why Marx excerpted Maron's brochure “Extensive or intensive? A chapter from the agricultural business theory " Marx writes in his draft for the third volume of the capital (economic manuscripts 1866–1867):

"Dr. H. Maron (extensive or intensive?) Starts from the false assumption of those he fights. He assumes that the capital invested in the purchase of the land is 'investment capital' and only argues about the respective definitions of investment capital and working capital. His very pupil-like ideas of capital in general, to be excused by the way in the case of a non-economist because of the state of German 'economics', conceal from him that this capital is neither investment nor working capital; just as little as the capital that a man invests on the stock exchange in the purchase of shares or government bonds and that represents capital investments for him personally is 'invested' in any branch of production. "

- quoted from Karl Marx.

Before Marx Maron excerpted, he read Justus von Liebig's introduction to the natural laws of agriculture and Liebig's chemistry and its application to agriculture and chemistry , in which Liebig almost completely printed Hermann Maron's report to the Ministry of Agriculture. Marx also owned two books (annotated) by Julius Au , which also cited Maron's essay.

Franz Mehring , the well-known historian and biographer of Karl Marx, wrote about Hermann Maron: “while the Faucher and Maron were the noisy hagglers for the exploitative rule of capital or, like Meyen, their most submissive coolies”.

Employees at daily newspapers

  • Berlin newspaper hall , 1848
  • Berlin observer , 1863–1865
  • Berliner Tageblatt and Handels-Zeitung , 1878–1882
  • Royal and privileged Berlin newspaper of state and scholarly matters. Vossische Zeitung , 1862–1863
  • The post. Berlin Latest News , 1882
  • German Handelsblatt. Weekly journal for trade policy and economics. At the same time the organ for the official notifications of the German Trading Day. Published by the General Secretariat of the German Trading Conference. Berlin , 1871
  • Daily review. Independent newspaper for national politics .1881–1882

Works

  • The religious progress of our time with the relation of the points of contention raised by Ronge and Czerski. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1845 books.google.com
  • My free trade. A separate vote by H. Maron, a member of the Berliner Handels-Verein, against its program . A. von Schroeter, Berlin 1847 books.google.com
  • Extensive or intensive? A chapter from agricultural management . Published by Wilhelm Clar, Oppeln 1859 books.google.com
  • Japan and china. Travel sketches, drawn up by a member of the same group during the Prussian expedition to East Asia . 2 vols. Otto Janke, Berlin 1863 Digitized collections of the Berlin State Library, first volume Digitized collections of the Berlin State Library, second volume
  • The slaughter and meal tax . Self-published by the author, Berlin 1863
  • H. Maron and Edmund Titz: Call for the establishment of a house building . Liebheit & Thiesen, Berlin 1867
  • Customs tariff materials. Compilation of the applications and petitions relating to the customs tariff as well as the negotiations of the first German customs parliament. In the appendix: The new customs tariff on behalf of the remaining committee of the German Trading Day ed. by Dr. H. Marron . Stielke & van Muyden, Berlin 1868
  • Society and its mentally ill. A word for educated laypeople and for doctors . Georg Böhme, Leipzig 1880

Articles (selection)

  • Workers' club in the Café d'Artistes. In: Berliner Zeitungs-Halle , No. 77 of March 31, 1848
  • H. Maron, E. Tiessen: We are taking over as of today. In: Ostsee-Zeitung and Börsen-Nachrichten der Ostsee No. 154 of August 24, 1848
  • The Japanese theater. In: Sunday supplement to the Königlich privilegierte Berlinische Zeitung of state and scholarly things, Vossische Zeitung , Berlin No. 98 of April 28, 1861, pp. 1–2
  • The system of liquid fertilization through pipeline. Report by Dr. Maron (member of the Prussian East-Asian expedition). In: Annals of Agriculture in the Royal Prussian States. by C. von Salviati. 19th year XII. December 1861. Berlin: Gustav Bosselmann 1861, pp. 417-424
  • To the characteristics of Japan. Shanghai Feb. 18 In: The border messengers . 20th year 1st semester. Vol. 2, Leipzig 1861, pp. 265-276
  • To the characteristics of Japan. (End) In: Die Grenzboten . 20th year 1st semester. Vol. 2, Leipzig 1861, pp. 310-31
  • Addendum to “Characteristics of Japan” Nagasaki May 7th. In: The border messengers . 20th year, 2nd semester. Vol. III, Leipzig 1861, pp. 195-199 digitized
  • Spain. In: Dr. Wilhelm Hamm's Agronomic Newspaper . 16th year, Leipzig. No. 7 of February 12, 1861, p. 109
  • Report to the Minister for Agricultural Affairs on Japanese Agriculture. In: Annals of Agriculture in the Royal Prussian States. by C. von Salviati , 20th year, vol. XXXIX., Berlin 1862, January, pp. 35-72 digitized
  • Justus von Liebig: The natural laws of agriculture, Braunschweig 1862 digitized
  • Madeira. In: Westermann's yearbook of the Illustrirten German monthly books . Vol. 11, H. 64, January 1862, pp. 415-421 digitized
  • In the last few days you have (...). In: The negotiation of the fifth Congress of German Economics in Weimar on September 8, 9, 10 and 11, 1862. Stenographic report . Hofbuchdruckerei, Weimar 1862, pp. 120–129
  • Rio de Janeiro. (A travel reminder). In: Meyer's Universum for 1862. A yearbook for friends of nature and art. Edited by Hermann J. Meyer . 2nd volume, Hildburghausen 1863, pp. 151-156 digitized
  • Population and Real Estate in China. In: Quarterly for Economics and Cultural History . Edited by Julius Faucher. Vol. 1863. Volume 1, pp. 28-53
  • Attempts at cultivation with Japanese seminars. In: Annals of Agriculture in the Royal Prussian States. by C. von Salviati . Wochenblatt, III. Vol. 21, May 20, 1863, pp. 1-2
  • A ride in the Jeddo area. In: Illustrirtes Familien-Journal. A weekly for entertainment and instruction . Leipzig / Dresden / Vienna / Berlin 1864, No. 18
  • Funchal on Madeira Island. In: Meyer's Universum for 1863. A yearbook for friends of nature and art. Edited by Hermann J. Meyer . 3rd volume, Hildburghausen 1864, pp. 161-165 digitized
  • Japanese family life. In: Deutsche Roman-Zeitung . 2nd year, 2nd volume Berlin 1865, pp. 478–479
  • The colonization of Formosa. In: Royal privileged Berlin newspaper of state and learned things, Vossische Zeitung , Berlin No. 38 of February 15, 1866
  • Journeys of discovery in the green In: United Frauendorfer Blätter . General German garden newspaper, Obstbaumfreund, Bürger- und Bauern-Zeitung ed. from the Practical Horticultural Society in Bavaria. Editor: Eugen Fürst. Frauendorf. No. 23 of June 9, 1864, pp. 177–178 (reprint from the Berliner Observer) Digitized
  • Shorthand. In: Berlin Observer . 3rd year Berlin 1865, No. 51
  • Society and its mentally ill. A word for educated laypeople and for doctors. In: Berliner Tageblatt No. 98, No. 99 and No. 100, Berlin 1880
  • The new Reichstag building. A warning at the last hour. In: Daily Review , March 19, 1882
  • Timber yield and timber tariffs : In: Die Post. Berlin Latest News , Berlin, No. 326 of November 29, 1882

Translated essays

  • Justus von Liebig: The Natural Laws of Husbandry. Edited by John Blyth , London 1863, pp. 386-402 Digitized
  • De Landbouw in Japan through H. Maron and the Prussian Oost-Aziatische expeditie. Uit de Ann. der Agriculture 1862. In: Friend Landman . 28 vol., 1864, pp. 481-534
  • Ramón Torres Muñoz y Luna: Estudios quimicos sobre economia agricola en general, y particularmente sobre la importancia de los abonos fosfatados , Madrid 1868, pp. 113–127 digitized

Memories of Hermann Maron

  • Leopoldina . Official organ of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists . Edited by Dr. HC garlic. Booklet XIX. No. 5-6, March 1883. Halle a. S., S. 55
  • 1872-1897. Twenty-five years of contemporary German history. Anniversary publication ed. from the editorial staff of the Berliner Tageblatt . Rudolf Mosse, Berlin 1897, p. 193
  • Alexander Meyer : Theodor Fontane In: The nation. Weekly for politics, economics and literature . Berlin. No. 43, July 23, 1898, pp. 615-616
  • Moritz Lazarus : Memoirs. Arranged by Nahida Lazarus and Alfred Leicht . Georg Reimer, Berlin 1906, p. 196
  • Isidor Kastan : Berlin as it was. With 10 illustrations . 7th edition. Rudolf Mosse, Berlin 1919, pp. 206-207

literature

  • Gustav Spiethoff: The great power of the press and the misery of German writers. A word to all newspaper publishers and writers in Germany on the occasion of the Dr. Maroon in Berlin . Felix Bagel, Düsseldorf 1883.
  • Lotte Adam: History of the Daily Rundschau . Diss. Phil. Berlin 1934, p. 9.
  • Mauritz Dittrich: The Prussian East Asia Expedition 1860–1862 and agriculture. In: Scientific Journal. Mathematical and scientific series. Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald . Vol. 10. Greifswald 1961, Issue 1-2, pp. 48-58
  • Manfred Schöncke: Dr. Maron - manor owner - revolutionary - traveler - journalist , Tornesch 2010
  • Rolf Hecker : Hermann Maron - agricultural and business economist, agricultural expert in the Prussian East Asia expedition and journalist. In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. New series 2010, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-88619-757-6 , pp. 173–194. oag.jp (PDF; 13.8 MB)

Web links

Wikisource: Hermann Maron  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Military church book of the 28th Infantry Regiment. (Archive of the Evangelical Church in Rhineland Boppard, Church Book II / I 19, p. 8)
  2. ↑ EW Marron . In: Dr. JTC Ratzeburg : Forest Science Writer's Lexicon . Fr. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1872, pp. 329–343, here pp. 338 and 339
  3. ↑ None of his eleven children had the first name Hermann. Louis Maron in Zechlin
  4. ↑ a b copy of the certificate. (Jena University Archives, stock M, No. 362)
  5. ^ Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage Berlin-Dahlem., Secret Civil Cabinet. Oberforstmeister Maron, I. HA, Rep. 89, No. 26338 (1847). Letter from Maron, retired major and head forest master dated April 18, 1847. In it Ernst Wilhelm Maron describes that he had acquired the Grzybno estate (Posen province) in 1843 for 27,000 thalers and that he had to sell it again in 1847 because it was over-indebted
  6. ↑ Letter from Dr. Carl Sprengel February 17, 1859 (Jena University Archives, inventory M, No. 362, p. 58)
  7. ^ Workers' club in the Café d'Artistes . In: The League of Communists . Documents and materials . Vol. 1 1836-1849, Berlin 1970, pp. 744-746
  8. ^ Peter Eduard Tiessen (born September 18, 1823 in Danzig; † August 11, 1904 in Berlin). See about him: Erhard Kiehnbaum: Notes on the support of the London political refugees in 1849 by North German Democrats . In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. New episode 2011 . Argument Verlag, Hamburg 2013 ISBN 978-3-88619-758-3 , pp. 176-184.
  9. ^ Ostsee-Zeitung and Börsen-Nachrichten der Ostsee , No. 154 of August 24, 1848
  10. ^ Felix Triest (ed.): Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Commissioned by the Royal Government and based on official sources . Breslau 1865, p. 346
  11. ↑ The allod (Middle Latin Allod or Allodium, Old High German for ›general property‹) referred to in medieval and early modern law a property (almost always land or an urban plot of land) that its owner could freely dispose of .
  12. ↑ The average size of the 27 manors in the Groß-Neustrelitz district was 8,297 acres. Maron owned the second smallest estate. The largest manor alone had an area of ​​85,600 acres.
  13. ↑ Dr. Maron, H. Trial lectures: Theory of feeding; Forage crops winter half year 1859/59. In: Theod. Freiherr von der Goltz, Otto Koll, Franz Künzel: Festschrift to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Royal Prussian Agricultural Academy in Poppelsdorf . Bonn 1897, p. 110.
  14. ↑ A traditional review is unflattering.
  15. ^ The Prussian expedition to East Asia . Vol. 1, Berlin 1864, pp. 3–190
  16. ↑ Commentary by Wilhelm Hamm , the editor of the Agronomische Zeitung No. 10 and 11 here No. 10 of March 5, 1862: “And which, incidentally, is the most interesting thing about the annals of agriculture in the Prussian states from the beginning until today have to show. "
  17. ↑ Berlin State Library. Signature: Coll. Darmstaedter / F Physics / F2 Technical Physics / F2e Applied Electricity 1729–1929
  18. ^ Julius Gensel : The German trading day in its development and activity. 1861-1901 . C. Heymann, Berlin 1902, pp. 14, 23 and 25.
  19. ^ The fifth session of the International Statistical Congress in Berlin . Vol. 2, Berlin 1865, pp. 67, 131, 132, 135.
  20. ↑ History of the Great National Mother Lodge of the Prussian States named on the three globes, along with a report on the founding and effectiveness of the charities . Br. Carl Schultz, Berlin 1867, pp. 302-303, 342, 363. Freemason newspaper . Manuscript for Brothers. Editor: Dr. Rud. Rich. Fischer, Leipzig. No. 40, October 1850, p. 320.
  21. ^ H. Maron: Shorthand. In: Berlin Observer . 3rd vol. No. 51, 1865. The royal privileged Berlinische Zeitung von Staats- und schehrtenachen , Vossische Zeitung , Berlin from January 4th, No. 2 Sunday supplement January 14, No. 3 Sunday supplement January 20 and February 8, 1866 . Journal of shorthand and orthography in scientific, educational and practical relationship , ed. Dr. G. Michaelis. Leipzig 1866, pp. 3–20 and p. 82. (reprint of the debate) ibid 1867, p. 66.
  22. ↑ Jenny Hirsch : The twenty-five year effectiveness (1866 to 1891) of the Lette Association for the promotion of higher education and gainful employment of the female sex, which is under the protectorate of Her Majesty the Empress and Queen Friedrich . Berliner Buchdruckerei Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin 1891, pp. 9, 11, 113; Doris Obschernitzki: The woman her work! Lette association for the history of a Berlin institution from 1866 to 1986 . Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1987 (Sites of the History of Berlin, Vol. 16).
  23. ^ The German Trading Day 1861–1911 . 1. Bd., Berlin 1911, p. 469 Officials of the German Trading Day. [...] Marron, Dr. Hermann born June 28, 1820 died 1882 , p. 469 and Wolfgang Eras: From the tenth Congress of German Economics. In: Yearbook for Volkswirthschaft . With the participation of the most famous economists, ed. by Wolfgang Eras. Second year Leipzig: Otto Wigang 1868, p. 194 f. In 1870 and 1871 Hermann Maron lived with his father Ernst Wilhelm Maron in Neue Friedrichstrasse. 51-54 . (Berlin address book 1870 and 1871).
  24. ↑ German construction newspaper . Weekly paper. Vol. 3, No. 43, October 21, 1869, p. 523; Negotiations of the First Congress of North German Agriculture held in Berlin from February 17-22 , 1868 , Berlin: EH Schoerder 1868.
  25. ↑ Stenographic report of the negotiation on the Trichina question in the meeting of the Berlin butcher industry (on December 15, 1865) with the participation of Prof. Dr. Virchow , Prof. Dr. Hertwig, Dr. Cohnheim, Veterinarian Urban u. a. Stilke & van Muyden, Berlin 1866, pp. 31–32.
  26. ↑ Obituary. In: Berliner Tageblatt , No. 151 of March 30, 1882
  27. ↑ Unfortunately, the report has not survived.
  28. ^ Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage Berlin-Dahlem., Ministry of Agriculture. Participation of an agricultural expert in the East Asia expedition. (1859-1882) I. HA, Rep. 87 B, No. 10326
  29. ↑ German Muses Almanac. First vintage. With contributions by Friedrich Rückert , Nikolaus Lenau , Ludwig Bechstein and others. A. and a composition by Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy . With two steel engravings . Bernh. Tauchnitz jun., Leipzig 1840, pp. 81-82
  30. ^ General information sheet of the united Frauendorfer Blätter . Editor: Eugen Fürst. Frauendorf No. 2 of March 3, 1864, p. 11. Reprint from the Berliner Observer .
  31. ↑ Wolfgang Rasch: Images and materials for "From twenty to thirty". In: Website of the Theodor Fontane work place ( http://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/bilder-und-stoffen/496830.html ). Edited by Gabriele Radecke .
  32. ^ Auguststrasse No. 1 ad Oranienburgerstrasse 1 Behrens, victuals dealer, owner O, Kölk, retired teacher, Lange, carpenter (Berlin address book 1840)
  33. ↑ Hermann Maron lived " Unter den Linden 26" ( directory of the staff and students at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin for the summer semester 1840 , p. 20; the same winter semester 1840/1841, p. 20)
  34. ↑ Julius Faucher lived with his father and with Hermann Maron in a house "Unter den Linden 26" ( directory of the staff and students at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin for the summer semester 1840 , p. 7; the same winter semester 1840/1841 , P. 7)
  35. ↑ The poem "Died!" Has seven stanzas.
  36. ↑ Maron had been married since 1848!
  37. ↑ Vol. II. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin / Weimar 1982, p. 31 ff.
  38. ↑ Ed. By Walter Keitel . Frankfurt / M. / Berlin / Vienna 1974 (Ullstein book no.4501), p. 182.
  39. ↑ Vol. III / 1. 1982, p. 410 and 412.
  40. ↑ “Hermann Maron was also a journalist, but far more gifted, at the same time a piece of poet and nature not without an ingenious aspect of the great. From a very good family, spoiled from youth, but without the means to live up to his inclinations, life brought him early disappointment ”. In: John Henry Mackay : Max Stirner . His life and work . Schuster & Loeffler, Berlin 1898, p. 75
  41. ↑ Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe , Dept. I Vol. 10. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1977, pp. 555-557 and Dept. III Vol. 3. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1981, pp. 402-403
  42. ↑ The reading of Maron's book was also reflected in the first volume of Capital. As a summary of the first chapter On the Characteristics of Japan, the book Japan and China, Marx wrote in a footnote: “Japan, with its purely feudal organization of landed property and its developed small-scale farming, provides a much more faithful picture of the European Middle Ages than all of us, mostly of history books dictated bourgeois prejudices. [...] These allotments are removed from the resident houses. The family must either go to their parcel to deposit their excrement or, as it is respectfully reported here, fill the drawer of a closet with it. As soon as it is full, it is undressed and emptied where its contents are needed. In Japan the circular run of living conditions is more straightforward. ” In: Marx Engels Werke , Vol. 31, Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1965, p. 178
  43. ↑ H. Marron, Extensive or Intensive? 1859. IISG , Amsterdam. Marx-Engels estate B 106
  44. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition , Section II, Vol. 4.2. Karl Marx. Economic manuscripts 1863–1867. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1992, p. 748 and Section II, Vol. 15. Capital. Critique of Political Economy . Third volume Hamburg 1894. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2004, p. 783
  45. ↑ Karl Marx, Booklet XCVIII 1865–1866 , pp. 29–59 (J. von Liebig: Introduction to the Natural Laws of Agriculture , 1862) and Karl Marx, Booklet XCVIII 1865–1866 , SS 63-135 (J. von Liebig: Chemistry in its application to agriculture and physiology , 1862) - IISG Marx Engels estate signature: B 106
  46. ↑ J. Au: J. v. Liebig's theory of soil depletion and economic population theories presented and critically examined. Extract from the author's text: "The auxiliary fertilizers, etc." . Heidelberg 1869 as well as J. Au: The auxiliary fertilizers in their national and private economic importance. A winning award typeface . Heidelberg
  47. ^ Franz Mehring: From the literary estate of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels , Vol. 3. JHW Dietz Nachf., Stuttgart 1902, p. 196
  48. ↑ Maron's writing was z. B. in Bavaria on July 9, 1845 on the index and banned. ( Intelligence sheet of Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg of the Kingdom of Bavaria , born 1845, Würzburg: printed by Bonitas-Bauer, No. 81 of July 19, 1845, p. 429.)
  49. ↑ Reviewed by: Literarisches Zentralblatt für Deutschland . Leipzig 1869. No. 15 of April 3, 1869, pp. 423-425. See also: State manual for legislation, administration and statistics of the North German Confederation and the German Customs Union using official materials and with the support of (...) Dr. H. Maron (...) edited by Dr. Georg Hirth. Volume I - Born 1868 of the Annalen des Nordd. Federation and the German Customs Union. Commissions-Verlag von Stilke and van Muyden, Berlin 1868.
  50. ^ H. Maron: Society and its mentally ill. A word for educated laypeople and for doctors . In: Berliner Tageblatt , No. 98, No. 99 and No. 100 from December 1880. The only known and surviving copy can be found in the British Library, call number 7306.de.9. (5th) The brochure was discussed in : Heinrich Rohlfs, Gerhard Rohlfs (Hrsg.): German archive for the history of medicine and medical geography 4th year CL Hirschfeld, Leipzig 1881, p. 141.
personal data
SURNAME Marron, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Marron, Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German journalist, farmer, secretary of the German Trade Conference, traveler and revolutionary
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1820
PLACE OF BIRTH Koblenz
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1882
Place of death Berlin