Canon of the Kings

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The Canon of Kings (also King List of Claudius Ptolemaios ) of Claudius Ptolemaios contains a list of kings whose government data show abnormalities with astronomical events. Because of these connections, the Canon of Kings is an important source for dating rulers in Assyriology and Egyptology .

Claudius Ptolemy chose 1st Thoth ( 1st Achet I ) in the Egyptian calendar as the beginning of the respective year of reign , which is why there are differences compared to the actual reigns. By the Egyptian transition year , the New Year's Day postponed the first Thoth in the Julian calendar of 18 February 747 v. On August 23, 30 BC. Backwards by 179 days. In the year 30 BC Therefore the last day of the ancient Egyptian year fell on August 22nd.

Canon of the Kings

Babylonian kings

Beginning of the Nabonassar era up to the New Babylonian Empire (747 to 625 BC)

Kings who ruled for less than a year are not mentioned in Claudius Ptolemy's list of kings. Sennacherib is also not mentioned, despite his lengthy reign.

No. Greek name Original name Reign Dating
(after Ptolemy) 		comment
1 Nabonassaros Nabu-nasir 14 years 747 to 733 BC Chr. February 18, 737 to February 14, 733
2 Nadios Nabu-nadin-zeri 2 years 733 to 731 BC Chr. February 15, 733 to February 13, 731
3 Chinzer-Poros Tiglat-Pileser III. 5 years 731 to 726 BC Chr. February 14, 731 to February 12, 726
4th Iloulaios Shalmaneser V. 5 years 726 to 721 BC Chr. February 13, 726 to February 11, 721
5 Mardokempados Marduk-apla-iddina II. 12 years 721 to 709 BC Chr. February 12, 721 to February 8, 709
6th Arkeanos Sargon II. 6 years 709 to 703 BC Chr. February 9, 709 to February 7, 703
- without a king without a king 2 years 703 to 701 BC Chr. Marduk-zakir-šumi II. , Marduk-apla-iddina II.
7th Bilibos Bel-ibni 3 years 701 to 699 BC Chr. February 7, 701 to February 6, 699
8th Aparanadios Aššur-nadin-šumi 6 years 699 to 693 BC Chr. February 7, 699 to February 4, 693
9 Rhegebelos Nergal-ušerib 1 year 693 to 692 BC Chr. February 5, 693 to February 4, 692
10 Mesesimordakos Mušezib-Marduk 4 years 692 to 688 BC Chr. February 5, 692 to February 3, 688
- without a king without a king 8 years 688 to 680 BC Chr. Sennacherib
11 Azaradinos Azarhaddon 13 years 680 to 667 BC Chr. February 2, 680 to January 29, 667
12 Saosdouchinos Šamaš-šuma-ukin 20 years 667 to 647 BC Chr. January 30, 667 to January 24, 627
13 Kineladanos Kandalanu 22 years 647 to 625 BC Chr. January 25, 627 to January 19, 625

New Babylonian Empire (625 to 539 BC)

No. Greek name Original name Reign Dating
(after Ptolemy) 		comment
14th Nabopolassaros Nabopolassar 21 years 625 to 604 BC Chr. January 20, 625 to January 12, 604
15th Nabokolassaros Nebuchadnezzar II 43 years 604 to 561 BC Chr. January 13, 604 to January 3, 561
16 Illoaroudamos Amel-Marduk 2 years 561 to 559 BC Chr. January 4, 561 to January 2, 559
17th Nerigasolassaros Nergal-Sarra-usur 4 years 559 to 555 BC Chr. January 3, 561 to January 1, 555
18th Nabonadios Nabonidus 17 years 555 to 539 BC Chr. January 2, 555 to December 29, 539

Achaemenid kings (539 to 332 BC)

No. Greek name Original name Reign Dating
(after Ptolemy) 		comment
19th Cyrus Cyrus II 9 years 539 to 530 BC Chr. December 30, 539 to December 26, 530
20th Cambysus Cambyses II 8 years 530 to 522 BC Chr. December 27, 530 to December 24, 522
21st Dareios Darius I. 36 years 522 to 486 BC Chr. December 25, 522 to December 15, 486
22nd Xerxes Xerxes I. 21 years 486 to 465 BC Chr. December 16, 486 to December 11, 465
23 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes I. 41 years 465 to 424 BC Chr. December 12, 465 to November 30, 424
24 Dareios Darius II 19 years 424 to 405 BC Chr. December 1, 424 to November 25, 405
25th Artaxerxes Artaxerxes II. 46 years 405 to 359 BC Chr. November 26, 405 to November 13, 359
26th Ochos Artaxerxes III. 21 years 359 to 338 BC Chr. November 14, 359 to November 8, 338
27 Arogos Arses 2 years 338 to 336 BC Chr. November 9, 338 to November 8, 336
28 Dareios Dareios III. 4 years 336 to 332 BC Chr. November 9, 336 to November 7, 332

Macedonian kings (332 to 305 BC)

No. Greek name Original name Reign Dating
(after Ptolemy) 		comment
29 Alexandros Alexander III 8 years 332 to 324 BC Chr. November 8, 332 to November 5, 324
30th Philip Philip III 7 years 324 to 317 BC Chr. November 6, 324 to November 3, 317
31 Alexandros Alexander IV 12 years 317 to 305 BC Chr. November 4, 317 to November 1, 305

Ptolemaic Pharaohs (305-30 BC)

No. Greek name Original name Reign Dating
(after Ptolemy) 		comment
32 Ptolemy Ptolemy I. 20 years 305 to 286 BC Chr. November 2, 305 to October 25, 286
33 Philadelphus Ptolemy II 38 years 286 to 248 BC Chr. October 26, 286 to October 16, 248
34 Yours Ptolemy III 25 years 248 to 223 BC Chr. October 17, 248 to October 12, 223
35 Philopator Ptolemy IV 17 years 223 to 206 BC Chr. October 13, 223 to October 7, 206
36 Epiphanes Ptolemy V 24 years 206 to 181 BC Chr. October 8, 206 to October 5, 181
37 Philometor Ptolemy VI 35 years 181 to 146 BC Chr. October 6, 181 to September 20, 146
38 Yours Ptolemy VIII 29 years 146 to 117 BC Chr. September 21, 146 to September 13, 117
39 Soter Ptolemy IX 36 years 117 to 81 BC Chr. September 14, 117 to September 5, 81
40 Dionysus Neos Ptolemy XII 29 years 81 to 52 BC Chr. September 6, 81 to August 28, 52
41 Cleopatra Cleopatra VII. 22 years 52 to 30 BC Chr. August 29, 52 to August 22, 30

See also

literature

Web links