Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim

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Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim
Logo kfg.gif
type of school high school
founding 1664
address

Roonstrasse 4-6

place Mannheim
country Baden-Württemberg
Country Germany
Coordinates 49 ° 28 '55 "  N , 8 ° 28' 34"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 28 '55 "  N , 8 ° 28' 34"  E
student around 780 (as of the 2011/12 school year)
Teachers around 80 (as of the 2011/12 school year)
management Alexander Sauter
Website www.kfg-mannheim.de
Namesake Karl Friedrich von Baden .
The building of the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium in mid-2010.

The Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium (short: KFG ) is a humanistic high school and the oldest secondary school in Mannheim with an uninterrupted history of more than 350 years.

Historical

The history of the development of the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium is initially shaped by the effects of denominationalization on the educational system and by attempts to overcome the resulting disputes. For the three denominations of the Reformed , the Lutherans and the Catholics , separate higher schools were founded accordingly. In 1664 the school was founded as a reformed education ( Latin school ) by Elector Karl Ludwig . The first rector, Johann Heinrich Bürger (also Latinized Burgerus), took office in 1665. The responsible supervisory authority was the Heidelberg church council, which in the 18th century was able to successfully repel attempts by the consistory of the Reformed congregation of Mannheim to claim responsibility for itself. A new situation arose through the transition of rule to the Catholic line Pfalz-Neuburg . Immediately after moving into the Heidelberg Residence, Philipp Wilhelm warned the denominations of peace. After the city was completely destroyed in the War of the Orleans Succession in 1689, the reformed pedagogy began to be re-established in 1700. The Lutheran grammar school was founded in 1711 by the Lutheran parish. In 1720, the Elector Karl Philipp, who came from the Catholic line of Palatinate-Neuburg, founded the Catholic Jesuit high school. Between 1730 and 1734 a college building was built between the western wing of the palace and the Jesuit church. In 1738 the building for the Jesuit high school was built, which was located in the "Kalten Gass". Since 1759 only graduates of the schools in Heidelberg, Mannheim, Neustadt an der Haardt and Kreuznach have been admitted to university studies in the Electoral Palatinate. In 1750, the Cassa Pia relief fund was founded for needy students in the Jesuit grammar school. The Cassa Pia existed as a learning material library until after the Second World War. When the revolution broke out in 1795, the number of students in all three high schools began to decline. In 1803 the Electoral Palatinate was dissolved and the city of Mannheim passed to Baden . On November 10, 1807, the “United Grand Ducal Lyceum” was built from the three denominational high schools by Grand Duke Karl Friedrich von Baden . Since 1820 Jewish students have been accepted at the Lyceum, who by 1880 made up almost a third of the student body. In 1872 the school was renamed "Grand Ducal Gymnasium". In addition, the reverse counting of classes from Sexta to Prima (VI-I) was introduced.

From 1896 to 1899, the state of Baden built today's school building - at that time still in front of the city - with a relatively elaborate facade decoration in the style of historicism and a magnificent staircase, which has unmistakable stylistic allusions to that of the former Jesuit college. As a consequence of the granting of unrestricted access for women to university studies in the Grand Duchy of Baden - as the first German state - by decree of February 28, 1900, coeducation began in 1902 by admitting seven girls to the sexta. In 1905, alumni founded the “Alt-Herren-Verband des Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim”, which still exists today. Its membership rose to 840 by 1930, mainly due to the work of the former director Wilhelm Caspari as chairman, including from the beginning - if also few - female members. In 1907 the grammar school was given its current name Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium in memory of the first Grand Duke of Baden, Karl Friedrich. During the Second World War , the lower and middle school levels were outsourced in 1943, 60 percent of the school building was destroyed and school operations were stopped in March 1945. In December 1945 the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium resumed classes in the half-burned schoolhouse. This was restored in 1950 and extensively modernized in 1961/1962, whereby scientific specialist and practical rooms were set up in the newly acquired upper floor. At a time when the architecture of historicism was viewed with disregard, the impairment of the stylistic uniformity of the building was accepted. In 1972 the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium celebrated its 300th anniversary, with the former student and later astrophysicist Heinz Haber holding the keynote address. Since the school year 1966/67, an institution of the second education path, at which adults can acquire the Abitur within three years, has been affiliated as a day school, the Staatliche Kolleg Mannheim.

Between 1974 and 1975 a nationwide school trial was undertaken to try out the reformed upper school . In 1978 the NGO ( N eue G ymnasiale O berstufe ) was introduced in general . In 1984 the new language NI train was set up alongside the old language train . The scientific profile was introduced in 1996 and the eight-year-old train in 1998 . From 2003/2004 Spanish could also be chosen as a fourth foreign language; the school also became a European high school . Since 2007, the subject NWT has usually been taught in two classes. For several years now, the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium has been offering differentiated support for gifted students in grades 5 and 6. With the binding nationwide introduction of the eight-year high school in 2004, the nine-year Abitur train was initially no longer available, but the school has been able to offer this again since 2013, as the school's concept for a nine-year train, especially in the middle school, presented as part of the G 9 school experiment Provides time for deepening general education, approved by the Ministry for Culture, Youth and Sport Baden-Württemberg .

In the years 2009 to 2016 the school building and school yard were completely renovated, in the course of which two stair towers with lifts in glass concrete construction were added to the rear wing of the historical building on the side of the school yard in order to meet safety requirements and to guarantee disabled access.

Directors since the unification of 1807

Confessionally alternating directors 1807–1854

  • 1807–1822: Bernhard Seiler (rk)
  • 1807–1830: Johann J. Weickum (ev)
  • 1807–1850: Friedrich August Nüßlin (ev)
  • 1822–1854: Franz Gräff (rk)
  • 1850–1854: Johann P. Behaghel
  • 1854–1869: Johann P. Behaghel
  • 1870–1878: Ferdinand Caspari
  • 1879–1881: Franz L. Dammert
  • 1881–1906: Ferdinand Haug
  • 1906–1909: Julius Keller
  • 1909–1922: Wilhelm Caspari
  • 1922–1932: Hermann Rieger
  • 1932–1942: Hermann Krakert
  • 1942–1943: Gustav Mittelstrass
  • 1943–1946: Hermann Gropengießer
  • 1946–1953: Paul Schredelsecker
  • 1953–1957: Paul Rave
  • 1957–1957: Alfred Bachstein (acting)
  • 1957–1974: Karl A. Müller
  • 1974–1996: Hansjörg Probst
  • 1996–2014: Hermann Wiegand
  • Since 2014: Alexander Sauter

Students and teachers

  • Georg Franz Wiesner (1731–1797), Catholic theologian
  • Peter von Winter (1754–1825), composer, court musician, music teacher
  • Karl August von Malchus (1770–1840), political scientist, civil servant and minister, publicist
  • Ludwig Walrad Medicus (1771–1850), university professor for forestry and agriculture
  • Seligmann Ladenburg (1797–1873), banker, co-founder of almost all major companies of his time in Baden, including BASF AG and Südzucker AG
  • Wilhelm Eisenlohr (1799–1872), from 1819 to 1840 principal teacher / professor for mathematics and physics at the United Grand Ducal Lyceum, later professor for physics at the Polytechnic Institute in Karlsruhe, founder of the first trade school in Mannheim
  • Karl Friedrich Schimper (1803–1867), natural scientist, botanist and geologist
  • Heinrich Christian Diffené (1804–1883), merchant (wine trade, inland shipping, banking and stock exchange), commercial judge, first mayor of Mannheim
  • Alexander von Soiron (1806 –1855), lawyer, liberal Baden politician, member of the Baden Second Chamber, Vice President of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/49, member of the Constitutional Committee
  • Karl Mathy (1807–1868), journalist, banker, liberal Baden politician, member of the Baden Second Chamber, member of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/49, head of government of Baden, publisher of the Deutsche Zeitung
  • Philipp von Jolly (1809–1884), mathematician and physicist, professor at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich
  • Leopold Ladenburg (1809–1889), lawyer and legal author, liberal Baden politician, member of the Mannheim Great Citizens' Committee, chairman of the Jewish community, co-founder of BASF AG
  • Peter Anton Schleyer (1810–1862), theologian and priest, professor at the University of Freiburg
  • Christoph Wolff (1810–1901), lawyer and liberal local politician in Baden-Baden, revolutionary civil commissioner and mayor of Baden-Baden in 1849
  • Friedrich Daniel Bassermann (1811–1855), businessman (pharmaceuticals), liberal Baden politician, member of the Baden Second Chamber, member of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/49 and member of the provisional government, publisher of the Deutsche Zeitung
  • Friedrich Hecker (1811–1881), lawyer, revolutionary hero from Baden ("Heckerzug"), farmer in Illinois, Colonel of the Northern States in the US Civil War
  • Karl Hecker (1812–1878), surgeon and ophthalmologist, professor at the University of Freiburg
  • Lorenz Brentano (1813–1891), judge, member of the Baden Second Chamber, head of the provisional revolutionary government of Baden in 1849, journalist and publisher in Chicago, member of the US House of Representatives
  • Ludwig Häusser (1818–1867), historian and classical philologist, teacher, journalist, professor at the University of Heidelberg, Liberal politician from Baden, member of the Baden Second Chamber, honorary citizen of Heidelberg
  • Carl Metz (1818–1877), engineer and manufacturer of fire extinguishing equipment (today Rosenbauer Karlsruhe), founder of the voluntary fire brigade
  • Anton Bassermann (1821–1897), judge, member of the Baden Second Chamber (National Liberal Party), President of the Mannheim Regional Court
  • Friedrich Engelhorn (1821–1902), goldsmith, gas entrepreneur and initiator of BASF AG (co-founder and first commercial director)
  • Adolf Kussmaul (1822–1902), country doctor and professor at the universities of Heidelberg, Erlangen, Freiburg and Strasbourg, honorary citizen of Heidelberg
  • Friedrich von Gemmingen (1823–1882), Austro-Hungarian treasurer
  • Julius Jolly (1823–1891), lawyer, professor at the University of Heidelberg, member of the Baden First Chamber, then the Second Chamber (National Liberal Party), successor to Karl Mathys as head of government of Baden
  • Karl Dyckerhoff (1825–1893), architect
  • Franz von Roggenbach (1825–1907), lawyer, Baden Foreign and Trade Minister, member of the Baden Second Chamber and the Reichstag (Liberal Reich Party), honorary citizen of Offenburg
  • Karl Blind (1826–1907), Baden revolutionary, participant in the Hecker Parade and the Struve Putsch in 1848, envoy of the revolutionary Baden government in Paris in 1849, journalist and publicist in England
  • Viktor Lenel (1838–1917), manufacturer, commercial judge, president of the Chamber of Commerce, member of the Mannheim Citizens' Committee and first Jewish member of the Baden First Chamber (National Liberal Party), patron
  • Hermann Levi (1839–1900), conductor, pianist, composer, honorary citizen of Garmisch-Partenkirchen
  • Ernst Schröder (1841–1902), mathematician and logician, professor at the TH Darmstadt and the TH Karlsruhe (Schröder numbers)
  • Robert Benckiser (1845–1908), lawyer, Baden civil servant and judge at the Karlsruhe Administrative Court
  • Ludwig Darmstaedter (1846–1927), chemist and manufacturer, historian of science, patron
  • Friedrich Engesser (1848–1931), civil engineer, professor of statics, bridge construction and railway engineering at the TH Karlsruhe
  • Julius Bensheimer (1850–1917), founder of the legal publishing house J. Bensheimer, Mannheim, Berlin, Leipzig
  • Ernst Bassermann (1854–1917), lawyer, Mannheim city council, member of the Reichstag (parliamentary group leader of the National Liberal Party)
  • Julius Roßhirt (1854–1908), hydraulic engineer
  • Emil Engelhard (1854–1920), chemist, manufacturer, Mannheim city councilor and President of the Chamber of Commerce, member of the Baden First Chamber (National Liberal Party), member of the Weimar National Assembly (DDP)
  • Henry Morgenthau Sr. (1856–1946), American lawyer and real estate trader, US Ambassador to the Sublime Porte (Ottoman Empire)
  • John Gustav Weiss (1857–1943), historian, journalist, member of the First and Second Baden Chamber (National Liberal Party), mayor and honorary citizen of Eberbach
  • Max Hachenburg (1860–1951), lawyer, legal author, victim of Nazi persecution, honorary citizen of Mannheim
  • Wilhelm Solf (1862–1936), Indologist, diplomat, Governor of Samoa, last Foreign Minister of the German Empire
  • Kurt Witthauer (1865–1911), internist, "father of aspirin"
  • Otto Hermann Kahn (1867–1934), American investment banker, manager and patron
  • Ludwig Landmann (1868–1945), lawyer, Mannheim City Counsel, Lord Mayor of Frankfurt am Main (DDP), victim of Nazi persecution
  • Heinrich Wetzlar (1868–1943), public prosecutor, judge, president of the Mannheim Regional Court, victims of Nazi Germany (Theresienstadt)
  • Richard Lenel (1869–1950), manufacturer, President of the Chamber of Commerce, member of the Citizens' Committee (DVP), victim of Nazi persecution, honorary citizen of Mannheim
  • Theodor Schindler (1870–1950), drawing teacher at the KFG, painter
  • Hermann Müller (1876–1931), Foreign Minister and two-time Chancellor of the Weimar Republic, SPD co-chair
  • Franz Mayer (1882–1975), entrepreneur in Mexico, collector of Mexican art
  • Florian Waldeck (1886–1960), lawyer, Mannheim city councilor, member of the Baden state parliament (DVP), victim of Nazi persecution, member of the municipal council (CDU), president of the Federal Bar Association, honorary citizen of Mannheim
  • Franz Schnabel (1887–1966), historian, teacher, professor at the Technical University of Karlsruhe and at the LMU Munich, honorary citizen of Mannheim
  • Fritz Cahn-Garnier (1889–1949), lawyer, Mannheim city counsel, survivor of the Dachau concentration camp, later member of the provisional parliament and finance minister of Württemberg-Baden, member of the constituent assembly and the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg, Lord Mayor of Mannheim (SPD)
  • Paul Nikolaus , bourgeois Paul Nikolaus Steiner (1894–1933), poet and playwright, cabaret artist and emcee
  • Willy Oeser (1897–1966), painter and glass artist
  • Max Silberstein (1897–1966), public prosecutor, judge, survivor of Buchenwald concentration camp, later judge and court president in Mannheim (LG) and Karlsruhe (OLG)
  • Rudolf Höß (1901–1947), SS-Obersturmbannführer and 1940–1943 commander of the Auschwitz concentration camp
  • Walter Elsasser (1904–1991), physicist, professor of geophysics in the USA, most recently at Johns Hopkins University
  • Julius Karg (1907–2004), state civil servant at the time of National Socialism and member of the SS
  • Gustav Adolf Scheel (1907–1979), physician and Reichsstudentenführer (1936–1945) during the Nazi era
  • Eckart Hachfeld (1910–1994), writer, screenwriter and songwriter for Udo Jürgens
  • Viktor Pöschl (1910–1997), classical philologist, professor at Heidelberg University
  • Max Steinmetz (1912–1990), historian, professor in Jena and Leipzig
  • Heinz Haber (1913–1990), physicist, aerospace specialist and science journalist
  • Otto Graff (1917–2014), zoologist and soil scientist, professor in Giessen
  • Paul Kübler (1922–1969), philologist and historian, teacher, member of the Mannheim City Council and the German Bundestag (SPD)
  • Elsbeth Janda (1923–2005), music teacher, actress, entertainer, presenter
  • Erich Gropengießer (1925–2003), archaeologist, historian, director of the Reiss Museum
  • Meinrad Schaab (1928–2000), historian of the Electoral Palatinate
  • Lothar Michael Schmitt (1931–2011), dramaturge, director, dubbing writer, dubbing director
  • Hubert Mehler (* 1934), public prosecutor, judge, head of the Upper Franconian police headquarters, president of the Bavarian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution
  • Klaus Rosen (* 1937), ancient historian, professor at the Universities of Eichstätt and Bonn
  • Konstanze Wegner (* 1938), historian, member of the Mannheim City Council and the German Bundestag (SPD)
  • Dieter Asmus (* 1939), art teacher at the KFG, painter
  • Dieter Ludwig (1939–2020), civil engineer, head of the Karlsruhe transport company, initiator of the "Karlsruhe Model"
  • Ursula Spuler-Stegemann (* 1939), Turkologist
  • Friedhelm Klein (* 1940), officer and historian, head of the Military History Research Office
  • Wolf-Lüder Liebermann (* 1941), classical philologist, professor at the Universities of Bielefeld and Giessen
  • Frieder Bernius (* 1947), choir and orchestra conductor
  • Hugo Müller-Vogg (* 1947), economist, journalist and publicist, publisher of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
  • Hanns von Mühlenfels (* 1948), director
  • Alexander Roßnagel (* 1950), lawyer, professor for public law at the University of Kassel
  • Reimund Gerhard (* 1952), physicist, professor for applied physics of condensed matter at the University of Potsdam
  • Christian Haass (* 1960), biochemist, professor at ZI Mannheim and LMU Munich, Alzheimer's researcher
  • Martina Münch (* 1961), doctor, member of the state parliament and Minister of the State of Brandenburg (SPD)
  • Jochen Zeitz (* 1963), business economist, CEO of Puma AG, art collector
  • Tim Christian Lüth (* 1965), engineer and computer scientist, professor for computer and robot-assisted medical technology in Berlin and at the Technical University of Munich

literature

  • Wilhelm Kreutz, Volker von Offenberg (ed.): Jewish students of the United Grand Ducal Lyceum - Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim. Portraits from two centuries. Wellhöfer, Mannheim 2014 ISBN 978-3-95428-153-4 .
  • Hermann Wiegand, Wilhelm Kreutz (Ed.): 200 Years of the United Grand Ducal Lyceum. Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim . Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-89735-490-6 .
  • Hermann Wiegand, Wilhelm Kreutz (Hrsg.): United Grand Ducal Lyceum Mannheim. Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium. Lectures . Mannheim 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-023465-1 .
  • Karl Albert Müller: The Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium in Mannheim 1933-1945: A school in the Third Reich . Heidelberg 1988, ISBN 3-533-04012-7 .
  • Karl Albert Müller: Three Hundred Years of Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium: Past u. Present e. Mannheim school . Mannheim 1972, ISBN 3-87804-012-1 .
  • Program of the Grand Ducal Lyceum in Mannheim , Mannheim, holdings of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Volumes / supplements 1834–1835; 1838-1848; 1850–1871, partially available online at https://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/metaopac/start.do
  • Annual report for the school year . Mannheim 1881–2007 ( digitized version 1884–1907; digitized version 1908–1911, 1915)
  • Festschrift for the centennial of the institution. (November 10, 1807-1907) . Mannheim 1907 ( digitized version ) (supplement to the annual report 1907)

Web links

Commons : Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Who we are ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium, accessed on October 11, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kfg-mannheim.de
  2. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Walter, Mannheim in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Vol. 1 History of Mannheim from the first beginnings to the transition to Baden (1802). Verlag der Stadtgemeinde, Mannheim 1907, pp. 499f.
  3. ↑ See Hermann Wiegand: The two-peaked Musenberg. Studies on humanism in the Electoral Palatinate . (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis. Historical writings 2). Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2000, p. 170.
  4. ↑ Cf. Karl Albert Müller, From the beginnings of our school 1665-1807, in: Ders. (Ed.), Dreihund Jahre Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium (see literature below) pp. 7–112; Horst Meusel, On the history and significance of the Mannheim Lyceum, today's Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium, in connection with the development of the Baden school system, in: Karl Albert Müller (Ed.), Dreihund Jahre Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium (see literature below ) Pp. 113-148; Friedrich Walter, Mannheim in Past and Present, Vol. 2 History of Mannheim from the transition to Baden (1802) to the founding of the empire, Verlag der Stadtgemeinde, Mannheim 1907, pp. 18–21.
  5. ↑ Zuir interpreting architecture and baukünstlerischer Ausstaatung see. Gereon Becht-Jördens, Humanistic Education and War, in: Hermann Wiegand, Wilhelm Kreutz (Hrsg.): 200 years of the United Grand Ducal Lyceum. Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium Mannheim . Heidelberg 2008, pp. 135-164. For the construction cf. Wolfgang Höfler, From the Bürgererschule zum Gymnasium, in: Karl Albert Müller (Ed.), Dreihund Jahre Karl-Friedrich-Gymnasium (see literature below) pp. 175–187, here fig. P. 196; P. 197; Friedrich Walter, Mannheim in Past and Present, Vol. 3 History of Mannheim from the transition to Baden (1802) to the establishment of the Reich, Verlag der Stadtgemeinde, Mannheim 1907, pp. 502–505. For the staircase cf. ibid. ill. p. 503 with the same, vol. 1 History of Mannheim from the first beginnings to the transition to Baden (1802). Verlag der Stadtgemeinde, Mannheim 1907, ill. P. 499.
  6. ↑ See page "History of the Association" .
  7. ↑ Start - Staatliches Kolleg Mannheim. Retrieved August 5, 2017 .