Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left
| Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left | |
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| Official abbreviation | GUE / NGL |
| Members |
39/705 |
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| Group leaders |
 Manon Aubry Martin Schirdewan
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| founding | 1994 |
| predecessor |
Coalition of the Left (1994) Group of the European United Left (1989–1993) (1993) |
| history |
1994–1995 Confederal Group of the European Unitarian Left since 1995 Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left |
| Alignment | Democratic socialism , communism , left- wing populism |
| European party | European Left (EL), Now the People |
| Website | guengl.eu |
The Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left ( english Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left , French Groupe confederal de la Gauche Unitaire Européenne / Gauche Verte Nordique ), short GUE / NGL is an existing since 1994 fraction in the European Parliament . With 39 members it is currently the smallest group in Parliament. It includes MPs from various left , socialist and communist parties . In the area of European integration , the parties involved represent very different positions.
The group's joint chairmen are Manon Aubry ( La France insoumise , France) and Martin Schirdewan (Linke, Germany). The vice-chairs are Marisa Matias (Left Bloc Portugal), João Ferreira (Portuguese Communist Party), Nikolaj Villumsen (Unity List, Denmark) and Sira Rego (United Left Spain). From Germany, the GUE / NGL includes the five European parliamentarians of the Die Linke party . Nobody from Austria belongs to the parliamentary group.
Some of the parties involved in the GUE / NGL group are members of the party of the European Left (EL). Six parties form the Now the People ! Alliance , some of which also belong to the EL. In addition, the group includes members of smaller European parties , other MEPs do not belong to any European party.
Members
In the 2019-2024 parliamentary term, the following members belong to the parliamentary group:
- Red: members and observers of the EL
history
Precursor factions
The forerunner of the GUE / NGL Group was the Communists and Allies Group (COM) founded on October 16, 1973 . It existed until the European elections in 1989. It included the members of the French Communist Party (PCF), the Italian Communist Party (PCI), the People's Socialist Party (SF) from Denmark and, after Greece's accession in 1981, the Communist Party of Greece (KKE ) merged. The COM group had 44 MEPs after the 1979 European elections and 41 MEPs after the 1984 elections.
After the European elections in 1989, the parliamentary group split into a more Eurocommunist group, the United European Left (VEL), and a more Moscow- loyal communist coalition of the left (KdL). The smaller KdL had 14 members. It comprised the communist parties from France (PCF), Greece (KKE) and Portugal (PCP), as well as the members of the Irish Workers' Party (until the end of 1991). In 1991 an observer from the German SED successor party PDS joined them. The larger VEL initially comprised 28 MPs from the Socialist People's Party (SF) from Denmark, the Italian Communist Party (PCI), the United Left (IU) from Spain, and the Synaspismos (SYN) from Greece. The Democratic Left (DL) MP from Ireland later joined the group. The VEL was dissolved on January 12, 1993 when the PCI, which had meanwhile been renamed the Democratic Left Party, decided to move with its 20 members to the PES Group . This meant that the parliamentary group no longer had enough MEPs to remain recognized as a parliamentary group.
European elections in 1994 and formation of the parliamentary group in early 1995
After the election of the European Parliament in 1994 , the Confederal Group of the United European Left (GUE) was formed on July 19, 1994 as an association of all forces on the left of social democracy. It consisted of 28 MEPs from the United Left (IU) from Spain, Synaspismos (SYN) from Greece, the French Communist Party (PCF), the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) and the Communist Re-establishment ( RC) from Italy.
In 1995, after the enlargement of the European Union, the Nordic Green Left (NGL) was formed . It consisted of 6 MEPs from the Left Alliance (VAS) from Finland, the Left Party (V) from Sweden and the Socialist People's Party (SF) from Denmark. The Nordic Green Left united with the GUE on January 6, 1995. The newly formed group was now called the Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left (GUE / NGL) and had 34 members.
In 1998 the group was joined by a British and an Italian MP, which has meanwhile increased its size to 36 MEPs.
| 1994 |
28/567 |
| 1999 |
34/626 |
| 1999 |
42/626 |
| 2004 |
55/788 |
| 2004 |
41/732 |
| 2009 |
41/785 |
| 2009 |
35/736 |
| 2014 |
35/766 |
| 2014 |
52/751 |
| 2019 |
52/751 |
| 2019 |
41/751 |
| current |
39/705 |
Legislative period 1999 to 2004
With the election in 1999, MPs from the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) from Germany, the Democratic Social Movement (DIKKI) from Greece, the Party of Italian Communists (PdCI) and the Socialist Party (SP) from the Netherlands moved to the for the first time European Parliament a. They also became members of the GUE / NGL group. Five members of the Workers' Struggle / Revolutionary Communist League (LO / LCR) alliance from France became associate members of the parliamentary group. Thus, after the election, the group had 42 MEPs.
In 2000, the European Anti-Capitalist Left (EAL) was founded as a party alliance on a European level. Your MEPs belong to the GUE / NGL.
In 2001 a German and a British MEP joined the group.
In 2002 four MEPs from the Civic and Republican Movement (MCR) from France and two MEPs from the Popular Movement Against the EU (FB) joined the group. The parliamentary group thus achieved the highest number of MPs to date of 49 MEPs.
As part of the eastward enlargement of the EU, the group added seven observers to its ranks in 2003: three from the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) from the Czech Republic, two from the Progressive Party of the Working People (AKEL) from Cyprus, and one from the Latvian party Socialist Party (LSP) and one from the Communist Party of Slovakia (KSS). These became full members of the parliamentary group on May 1, 2004. Immediately before the 2004 European elections, this had 56 members.
On May 8, 2004, the European Left (EL) was founded as a European political party . The MEPs of the European Left belong to the GUE / NGL.
Legislative period 2004 to 2009
In the 2004 European elections, no more members of the LO / LCR and KSS were elected. DIKKI had joined SYN before the election and was therefore no longer running independently. After the election, MEPs from the Left Bloc (BE) from Portugal and one MEP each from Sinn Féin (SF) from Ireland and Northern Ireland joined the group. With the election, the number of MPs in the group fell to 41. This number remained stable until the end of the electoral term.
On January 30, 2005, the NGL parties together with other Nordic parties formed the Nordic Green-Left Alliance (NGLA), which was not officially recognized as a European political party because it did not meet the criteria for recognition.
Legislative period 2009 to 2014
After the election to the European Parliament in 2009, Søren Søndergaard from the People's Movement Against the EU (FB) from Denmark joined the GUE / NGL. He is the only member of the European political party EU Democrats (EUD). The MEPs of the Socialist Party from Ireland have also recently joined the group, while Sinn Féin in the Republic of Ireland lost their mandate in the election. For the first time since the group was founded, there were no MEPs from Italy or Finland. In contrast, the MEPs of the coalition of the radical left (SYRIZA, formerly SYN) from Greece, the Left Front (FG, formerly PCF) from France and the LEFT (formerly PDS) from Germany remained members of the GUE / NGL. After the election the group had 35 MEPs.
On June 20, 2011, the Portuguese MP Rui Tavares left both the left bloc and the parliamentary group and joined the Greens / EFA group.
After Croatia's accession on July 1, 2013, the MP from the Croatian Labor Party (HL) joined the GUE / NGL. This brought the number of MPs back to 35 at the end of the legislative period.
Legislative period 2014 to 2019
In the 2014 European elections , the GUE / NGL ran with Alexis Tsipras (SYRIZA) as the top European candidate. The parties represented in the GUE / NGL achieved 52 seats. SYRIZA became the strongest party in Greece . After the election, the Spanish Podemos (5 seats), the Italian L'Altra Europa con Tsipras (3 seats) as well as the representatives of the Bildu , the Dutch and the German Animal Welfare Party and the independent Irish MP Luke Flanagan were accepted into the group, while the Greek KKE left the parliamentary group. This gave the parliamentary group 52 seats when it was constituted, 17 more than before the election. It was the fifth largest group in Parliament.
Legislative period 2019 to 2024
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For the 2019 European elections , the European Left ran with the Slovenian MP Violeta Tomič and the Belgian trade unionist Nico Cué as the top candidates. In internal competition with the EL, three southern European and three northern European parties had come together to form the electoral alliance Maintenant le Peuple (MLP, about Jetzt das Volk ), which were represented by a total of nine MEPs in the parliamentary group. With the European Spring , led by the transnational movement Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DiEM25), another left-wing electoral alliance, with three MEPs in the parliamentary group, entered.
In the election itself, the faction's parties lost 14 seats. The Italian left and the Dutch SP were unable to enter parliament. Among other things, the Spanish UP lost four seats, the German Die Linke and the Czech KSČM each two seats. With 41 mandates at the time of constitution, the GUE / NGL is the smallest group in parliament. 20 seats go to the party of the European Left, 14 seats to the parties of the MLP - with parties of four members belonging to both the EL and the MLP. The European Spring could not win any mandates. The animal welfare parties united in Animal Politics EU received three mandates, one of which was joined by a member of the Greens / EFA group.
After a lengthy discussion, the MPs elected Manon Aubry ( La France insoumise , France) and Martin Schirdewan (Linke, Germany) for the legislature .
Chair of the GUE / NGL
| Surname | Beginning of the term of office | Term expires | |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Alonso Puerta United Left (IU) Spain |
January 6, 1995 | July 19, 1999 |
 |
Francis Wurtz French Communist Party (PCF) France |
October 13, 1999 | July 13, 2009 |
 |
Lothar Bisky DIE LINKE. Germany |
July 14, 2009 | March 14, 2012 |
 |
Gabriele Zimmer DIE LINKE. Germany |
March 15, 2012 | 1st July 2019 |
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Manon Aubry La France insoumise France Martin Schirdewan DIE LINKE. Germany |
18th July 2019 |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.neues-deutschland.de/artikel/1122222.linke-in-europa-qualitaet-statt-zeit.html
- ↑ a b https://www.guengl.eu/aubry-schirdewan-to-lead-lefts-challenge-to-eu-policy/
- ↑ http://www.guengl.eu/group/history
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/gauche-unitaire-europeenne.htm
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/elections-europeennes-1989.htm
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/parlement-europeen-1994.htm
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/elections-europeennes-1999.htm
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/elections-europeennes-2004.htm
- ↑ http://www.europe-politique.eu/elections-europeennes-2009.htm
- ↑ Two candidates from the people for the people. In: european-left.org. Retrieved April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ New chairman of the Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left in the European Parliament: Gabi Zimmer. European Movement Germany , March 15, 2012, accessed on March 15, 2012 .
European People's Party (Christian Democrats) (187 MEPs) •
Progressive Alliance of Social Democrats (146) •
Renew Europe (98) •
Identity and Democracy (76) •
The Greens / European Free Alliance (68) •
European Conservatives and Reformers (62) •
United European Left / Nordic Green Left (39)
List of non-attached members
List of historic political groups