Straßberg (Zollernalbkreis)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 11 '  N , 9 ° 5'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Tübingen
County :	Zollernalb district
Height :	682 m above sea level NHN
Area :	24.9 km 2
Residents:	2477 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	99 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes :	72479, 72458
Area code :	07434
License plate :	BL, HCH
Community key :	08 4 17 063
Address of the municipal administration:	Lindenstrasse 5 72479 Straßberg
Website :	www.strassberg.de
Mayor :	Markus Zeiser
Location of the community of Straßberg in the Zollernalb district

Place and Strasbourg Castle from the northeast

Straßberg (standard German pronunciation [ ˈʃtʁaːsbɛʁg ]) is a municipality in the Zollernalb district in Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ). The suburb of Kaiseringen with around 320 inhabitants on 474 hectares belongs to Straßberg .

geography

Geographical location

Straßberg is located in the southwestern Swabian Alb between Albstadt and Sigmaringen between 660 and 900 meters above sea level. The Schmeie flows through the community.

Neighboring communities

Straßberg has the neighboring communities Winterlingen and Albstadt, which, like Straßberg, belong to the Zollernalb district. The municipality of Stetten am kalten Markt also borders Straßberg, but belongs to the district of Sigmaringen .

Community structure

The community of Straßberg with the former community of Kaiseringen includes seven villages, farms and (individual) houses. The village of Kaiseringen and the Kalkwerk homestead belong to the former municipality of Kaiseringen. The village of Straßberg, the farms Roßberg and Untermühle and the houses Neuhaus and Vogelherd belong to the municipality of Straßberg within the limits of November 30, 1970.

In the municipality there are several abandoned , no longer existing villages. The desert areas of Felingen, Stubingen and Waldhof are located in the area of ​​the former municipality of Kaiseringen. Felingen was mentioned for the first time as Fohelingin in 1178 , but not for sure . In 1400 the place was mentioned as Foelingen . Stubingen was first mentioned in 1364 and was located below Kaiseringen. The place existed until the 15th century.

The villages of Harthof, Lenzenhütte or Glashüttehof and Oitringen were in the former area of ​​the community of Straßberg. Harthof, now a field name, was built in 1840. Lenzenhütte or Glashüttehof was demolished in 1907. Oitringen was located below the Ödenburg and was first mentioned in 1264. The place probably existed until the 15th century.

history

Prehistory of Straßberg

Evidence of human life since the late Paleolithic Age (approx. 10,000 BC) has been found in what is now the district of Straßberg, but the findings do not allow any conclusions to be drawn about permanent settlement.

The Romans, who reached the Alblimes around 80 AD , left their mark on Straßberg. Roman silver coins were already discovered in the 19th century. In 1933 a Roman bath was found northeast of the church of St. Verena on the Weiherwiese. In 1932, during sewer work near the town hall, an approx. 2 m thick wall was found, but these walls could also come from Franconian times.

In relation to the history of the Alemanni , in 1958, during road construction work at the exit of Straßberg in the direction of Ebingen, four row graves were found which, according to their additions, are believed to date from the 7th century. Such graves are usually found at places that end in -ingen , for example the place Oitringen, which was lost in the 16th century, was formerly at the foot of the Schalksburg ruins.

“Burc” in the Middle Ages

With a certificate for the St. Gallen Monastery , issued on October 31, 843, Straßberg enters the light of written history as “Burc”. In this diploma, an Adalhart donated to the Church of St. Verena and other saints to "Burc" in Scherrgau his inherited and acquired property in Alamannien and Dürkheim with the exception of seven hooves, one each in Schörzingen, Reichenbach, Trossingen, Mühlheim, Meßstetten, Storzingen and Ebingen, with the servants sitting on them and thirty other servants that he or his wife should choose. The issuer of the certificate then transferred the place "Burc" with the local church and the relics and everything that he had given her to the St. Gallen monastery. Adalhart took back the entire property against the payment of an annual interest of six denarii.

However, the exhibitor reserved an express redemption right for himself and his heirs. At the age of twelve, the children were supposed to release the goods transferred to St. Gallen with the hooves in Schörzingen and Reichenbach. They should be allowed to redeem the properties donated to the church at “Burc” with the Hufen at Ebingen, Meßstetten and Storzingen. Adalhart's wife Swanaburg, in turn, was allowed to use the goods until they were released when the annual interest was paid. Should Adalhart not have a legitimate heir, the goods should forever belong to the St. Gallen Monastery and the Verena Church. The donor is likely to have belonged to the Frankish imperial nobility and could have been a nephew or at least a close relative of King Ludwig the German .

Adalhart's heirs evidently made use of their right to redemption. Because with the document of October 1, 1005, King Heinrich II transferred the Georgenkloster from Hohentwiel to Stein am Rhein from inherited property a. a. also the place Purch with church and tithe and all accessories. This could only be Burg an der Schmeie, because the Verenakirche and the church set in Straßberg were owned by the Stein am Rhein monastery until the 16th century.

Straßberg from the late Middle Ages to modern times

In a Beuron certificate from April 22nd, 1253 was u. a. the property of the monastery in Straßberg is also mentioned. It is the first mention of the place left of the Schmeie opposite the old castle. The name could come from the Roman and medieval road that leads north of the castle in a steep incline from the Schmeiental to the Winterlingen plateau . Perhaps the name comes from a noble family von Straßberg living in Switzerland as early as 1163. So around 1200 a member of the Schmeie could have received property, who built a castle here and gave it his name.

The time at which Buchau Abbey came into possession of the castle and the town of Straßberg is unknown. Only a document from 1345 in which the abbess Anna von Buchau testifies that Count Heinrich von Hohenberg had given up her castle and city of Straßberg, which he and his front-runners had fiefed from Buchau Abbey, and that she had given them to the knight Rudolf zu Reischach, brings some light into the dark.

It is also unclear since when the Counts of Hohenberg had Straßberg von Buchau as a fief. The earliest evidence of this is a document from 1287, in which Count Hugo von Hohenberg appears as Vogt of the court of the Stein am Rhein monastery in Burg. In 1340 Count Heinrich von Hohenberg issued a certificate in Straßberg in which he pledged half of his village Altingen for 140 pounds. The new owners since 1345, the lords of Reischach, who also owned the village of Kaiseringen from 1355, formed the small lordship of Straßberg from 1374 from the little town of Straßberg and the villages of Kaiseringen and Frohnstetten.

As an inheritance, the rule came to Hans von Stein called Schnellinger in 1420, but in 1429 he sold it to Hans Schwelher the elder of Owen under Teck, with which the abbess von Buchau subsequently enfeoffed him. At the request of his grandson, Peter Schwelher, the abbess Barbara von Gundelfingen transferred the fiefdom of Strasbourg to the knight Wolfgang von Homburg in 1508. In 1511 he was granted high jurisdiction by Emperor Maximilian I for the rule of Straßberg, which was then also regularly granted to the owners of the rule. Wolf von Homburg also issued the first legal statute in 1528, an order on do's and don'ts for Straßberg and Kaiseringen.

On February 18, 1532, Wolf von Homburg sold the rulership of Straßberg, consisting of the Buchau fiefdom of Straßberg and the free own villages of Frohnstetten and Kaiseringen, with high and low courts, game ban and hunting rights for 10,000 guilders to Dietrich Dieteg von Westerstetten. In 1553 it was enfeoffed by the Abbess von Buchau. The rulership of Straßberg remained in the possession of the von Westerstetten and Drackenstein for almost 100 years. Adolf and Ulrich Dieteg von Westerstetten succeeded with the deed of May 22, 1559, for 1200 guilders from the abbot and convent of the Stein am Rhein monastery to acquire the parish and the church rate in Straßberg with tithes and interest, including the court in Burg.

In 1619 Georg Dietrich von Westerstetten and his wife Barbara Schenkin von Stauffenberg donated an eternal anniversary with a capital of 800 guilders, which was to be celebrated annually on Tuesday after Quasimodo with ten priests in the parish church of St. Verena. With Georg Dietrich von Westerstetten and Drackenstein, who had also commanded Lautlingen, the Straßberg line of the family died out in 1625. Since the abbess of Buchau, Katharina von Spaur, was not willing to enfeoff the relatives of the deceased, she unexpectedly came to Straßberg on November 2, 1625, received homage from the subjects of the three communities and thus took the rule into her direct possession .

On November 22, 1625, the abbess issued Spaur's letter of grace, the main purpose of which is the release of subjects from serfdom. Between 1635 and 1650, Katharina von Spaur had the palace chapel built in the forecourt of the castle, for which the abbess Maria Theresia von Sulz set up a chaplaincy in honor of St. Virgin Mary and St. Johannes Baptista donated. The disputes with the von Westerstetten continued until 1656. Buchau Abbey administered the rulership of Straßberg itself until the secularization of 1803.

Under the abbess of Spaur also the Thirty Years War held in the Raumschaft Strassberg feeder. In 1633 the place was taken by Duke Julius of Württemberg . In 1634, Queen Christine of Sweden gave Colonel Martin von Degenfeld the lordships of Lautlingen and Straßberg for his military service and backward pay, a donation which, however, became obsolete in 1634 as a result of the battle of Nördlingen . On December 21, 1637, Countess Maria Isabella von Spaur, a niece of the Abbess von Buchau, married in the parish church of St. Verena Jan von Werth . On April 25, 1737, after several attempts, the foundation stone was laid for the parish church of St. Verena, which had already been described as ruinous in 1717, and construction began under the direction of master builder Christian Gosser from Friedingen . The new church was consecrated on October 10, 1742. In 1745, the abbess Maria Carolina von Königsegg Rothenfels had the office building, today's town hall, built by Johann Kaspar Bagnato, master builder of the Teutonic order. The stones of the castle chapel were used as building material, after which the castle chaplain moved to the parish church of St. Verena. In 1783 the rulers demolished one and a half floors of the watchtower and one floor of the castle's residential building.

Straßberg under the princes of Thurn and Taxis and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

As a result of the secularization in 1803, the Buchau ladies' foundation was abolished and its sovereign rights and possessions in Straßberg were transferred to the Prince of Thurn und Taxis . In anticipation of this legal act, the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis had already taken possession of Straßberg in 1802. In the spring of 1806, the Kingdom of Württemberg occupied the Thurn and Taxis rule of Straßberg and then also the territory of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen . But in 1806 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was accepted into the Rhine Confederation under Anton Aloys , who thus received the status of a sovereign federal prince. In the Rhine Federation Act , the Princely Thurn and Taxis rule of Straßberg was placed under the sovereignty of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. The former manor Strassberg now formed with the places Strassberg, Frohnstetten and Kaiseringen the Oberamt Strassberg . The Prince of Thurn and Taxis kept his property, the so-called manor.

In 1835, the Prince of Thurn and Taxis sold the rulership of Straßberg to the Graeflich Langenstein'sche Kuratel. However, Hereditary Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen entered the purchase contract in 1836 and acquired the rulership of Straßberg.

In 1840, after the dissolution of the Fürstenberg Obervogteiamt Jungnau , the places Blättringen, Benzingen, Harthausen auf der Scher, Storzingen, Thiergarten, Ober- and Unterschmeien were assigned to the Oberamt Straßberg. In 1842 the lower jurisdiction of the old upper office was also transferred to the enlarged regional lordly upper office in Straßberg. When the owner himself became the sovereign Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen on August 27, 1848, he placed the Straßberg Rent Office under the Princely Court Chamber in Sigmaringen .

In 1844 there were two grinding mills in Straßberg, an oil mill, a plaster mill, a hemp grater, a whitework and a brick factory. The place was the seat of a lordly upper office and a princely rent office. 977 people now lived in Straßberg.

In the 19th century, a total of eight emigrant farms were built to improve the economic situation of the population in the former rule of Straßberg. Most of them later fell victim to the Heuberg military training area (see buildings ).

Straßberg in the Prussian Hohenzollern

Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Friedrich Wilhelm Constantin von Hohenzollern-Hechingen offered their lands to King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia for takeover. The monarch, as head of the entire Hohenzollern house, finally signed the contract on December 9, 1849 for the cession of the principalities of Hohenzollern to the Prussian crown. In 1852 the two territories of Hechingen and Sigmaringen were combined to form the Prussian administrative district Hohenzollernsche Lande and a government was established in Sigmaringen. In 1851 the jurisdiction of the higher offices was transferred to the newly created district courts. In 1854 the upper office of Straßberg was abolished and its former communities of Straßberg, Benzingen, Blättringen, Frohnstetten, Hathausen auf der Scher and Kaiseringen were assigned to the upper office of Gammertingen and the villages of Ober- and Unterschmeien and Thiergarten to the upper office of Sigmaringen . Straßberg remained the seat of a Princely Rent Office until 1861. In 1880 the community acquired the administrative building and used it as a council and school building. In 1868 the freedom of trade was introduced. Further measures were the expansion of agricultural schools and training schools for craftsmen and the construction of railways, the replacement of feudal charges and, in 1860, the replacement of the tithe and real charges. In 1844 there were 977 inhabitants in Straßberg, in 1875 only 752. Straßberg had two grinding mills, two plaster mills, two hemp grinders and five beer breweries. In 1878, the Balingen – Sigmaringen railway line was opened and connected to the Württemberg industrial area around Ebingen and Balingen . In 1896 a branch of the Adolf Ott tricot factory from Ebingen was opened in Straßberg, followed in 1914 by Mahlmühle and Elektrizitätswerk Hermann Metzger, artificial leather factory August Wagner, a branch of the Württembergisch-Hohenzollerische tricot weaving mill and a corset sewing shop. In 1910 a military training area was set up. In 1880 the place still had 813 inhabitants, in 1914 there were 956 inhabitants. The Protestant church on Kaiseringer Strasse was built in 1910. In the First World War, the village had 22 fallen dead. In 1922 the parish church of St. Verena was expanded according to plans by state curator Wilhelm Friedrich Laur and in 1927 the Teufel stone works were founded.

In 1945 the village was occupied by French troops and the area was subordinated to the military government in Tübingen.

In 1964 a new school building was built. In 1975 the cemetery was rebuilt. In 1975 an administrative partnership was established with the Winterlingen community.

religion

Straßberg's population is predominantly of the Roman Catholic denomination . Currently (as of December 31, 2019) 1285 (51.5%) of the 2495 residents are Catholic. The Catholic parish is part of the Archdiocese of Freiburg via the Sigmaringen-Meßkirch deanery . Since 1910 there has also been a Protestant church, which today belongs to the Evangelical Church in Württemberg , until 1950 the Hohenzollern parish was part of the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland . The community was initially looked after from Sigmaringen, then since 1951 by the Ebingen Thomas community and since 2007 from Winterlingen. In the Protestant parishes in Hohenzollern, the old Prussian form of worship continues to exist at the request of the parishes.

politics

Municipal council

The local council in Straßberg has 12 members. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The local elections on May 29, 2019 led to the following preliminary final result. The turnout was 62.4%.

Political party	be right	Seats
CDU	53.3%	6th
Free list	46.7%	6th

mayor

Town hall and church

• 1927–1945: Alexius Löffler (CDU)
• 1945–1946: Thomas Mössner
• 1946: Paul Hartmann
• 1946–1947: Josef Abt
• 1947: Paul Hartmann
• 1947–1949: Christian Sessler
• 1949–1974: Augustin Güntner
• 1974–1990: Egbert Odenbach
• 1990–2014: Manfred Bopp
• since May 2, 2014: Markus Zeiser

Former mayor of Kaiseringen

• 1933–1946: Anton Bantle
• 1946–1948: Josef Binder
• 1948–1954: Adolf Laub
• 1954–1971: Johann Sessler

coat of arms

The coat of arms of Straßberg shows in a split shield a continuous red cross in front in silver, in the back a silver mug with a handle.

Culture and sights

Straßberg is on Hohenzollernstrasse .

Buildings

North-east view of Straßberg Castle

• The parish church of St. Verena has a checkered history: the tower dates from the early Middle Ages, the previous church was consecrated in 1613, the new building from 1737 to 1742 was built by the master builder Christian Gosser, in 1922 the nave was extended according to plans by the master builder Wilhelm Friedrich Laur, demolished in 1961 and heightening of the church tower, in spring 1987 a comprehensive interior renovation was completed and in 1997 a new organ was received.
• The chapel in honor of the Immaculate Conception of Mary was built in 1877 by the bourgeois community after the Holy Cross Chapel was demolished and consecrated in 1878. The Holy Cross Chapel at the entrance to Höfental stood in the way of the construction of the railway line and the associated sale of the area to the Württemberg State Railroad.
• The Evangelical Church was completed and ceremonially inaugurated on November 27, 1910. The prayer and school house was the eighth Protestant church in Hohenzollern at the time. The Protestant Christians from Straßberg are also looked after by the Winterlingen parish.
• The All Saints Church in Kaiseringen was mentioned for the first time in 1433, because of dilapidation it was demolished. Today's sacred building from 1893 was designed by state curator Wilhelm Friedrich Laur. The church houses a late Gothic winged altar from 1510, the central shrine of which is attributed to the master from Zell (Coronation Altar, probably from the secularized Gorheim Monastery ) and the wall paintings created in 1919 by the painter and local citizen Hermann Anton Bantle, who was influenced by the Beuron art school . The old usable organ from 1755 comes from the organ builder Hieronymus Spiegel .
• The Ottilien Chapel in Kaiseringen was mentioned in a parish toboggan from January 22, 1504.
• Straßberg Castle : The first documented mention of Straßberg Castle dates back to 1334, but there has been a fortified square here on the old Roman road since at least 1150 . The castle is one of the few in the region whose medieval structure has been preserved to this day.
• The Harthof was built in 1840 as a solitary farm with a cistern on the district of Straßberg. The remains of the farm, which was given up in 1910 by the owner at the time, were restored by the military training center.
• The Lenzenhütte (also known as the Glashüttehof ) in the Strassberg district is so named because Lorenz Haug ran a glassworks there around 1625. However, it was continued as a farm from 1630. A heavily mossed boundary stone from 1599 also points to the border between the rule of Straßberg and the Duchy of Württemberg. From 1985 vaulted cellars and cisterns were excavated, restored and a biotope set up under the direction of the Heuberg Federal Forestry Office. An information board also indicates the various manors: the noble ladies' monastery in Buchau, the princes of Thurn and Taxis, the princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, the Imperial Treasury and, as its successor, the Federal Republic of Germany.
• The former Ochsenkopf Einödhof in the Kaiseringen district served as the domicile of the army chief forester until 1936 when a new forest building was built in Stetten am kalten Markt. Today the Federal Forestry Office in Meßstetten is responsible, not only for the Heuberg military training area, but also for federal property in all of southern Germany.
• At the point where the Waldhof , a popular restaurant in the Kaiseringen district , once stood, rockets were stationed at the height of the Cold War .

Natural monuments

• The double grotto (7820/50), also called Burghaldenhöhle, Höhle an der Schloßhalde, Grotte bei Straßberg or Straßberger Grotte, is a natural and soil monument in the small Mühltal.

Parks

Citizens' park with Kneipp pools, barefoot path and playground

• Since 2007, Straßberg has owned a community park with a Kneipp facility and a sports area for playing table tennis. A playground has been set up for children.

Sports

At the Hau, winter sports can be practiced over a length of around 200 meters with a height difference of 52 meters. There is a children's lift and a bow lift.

traffic

The Public transport is by the Verkehrsverbund Neckar-Alb-Donau guaranteed (NALDO). The community is on the honeycomb border 336/337 and lies on the Tübingen – Sigmaringen railway line .

Sons and daughters of the church

• Hermann Anton Bantle (1872–1930), artist

literature

• Straßberg community: Strassberg 1993 1150 years . 1993.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VII: Tübingen administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004807-4 , pp. 252-253.
3. ↑ Nine researchers are investigating the history of the country. The contributions appear in the current edition of the quarterly journal “Hohenzollerische Heimat” published by the history association. In: Schwäbische Zeitung of July 7, 2011.
4. ↑ [1] , accessed on April 23, 2020
5. ↑ Antonia Lezerkoss: Church: Liturgy of the old Prussian way . Südwest Presse Online , February 3, 2017, accessed on February 18, 2018.
   Dagmar Stuhrmann: Church: Exhibition “Evangelical in Hohenzollern” stops in Ebingen . Südwest Presse Online, January 26, 2017, accessed on February 18, 2018.
   Hechingen: A farewell full of sadness . Schwarzwälder Bote , February 13, 2013, accessed on February 18, 2018.
6. ^ Election information for the municipal data center
7. ↑ Christoph Holbein: Mayor election: landslide victory for Markus Zeiser. Schwarzwälder Bote, March 17, 2014, accessed on March 9, 2015 . 
8. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wilfried Groh (wgh): A place steeped in history. With Gerhard Deutschmann over the eastern part of the Heuberg military training area . In: Zollern-Alb-Kurier of September 30, 2009.
9. ↑ Jürgen Scheff: Cave archaeological research on the Southwest Alb: 7th double grotto, 8th hollow rock, 9th summer church cave . In: Heimatkundliche Blätter Balingen, Volume 44, October 31, 1997, No. 10 , p. 1095 f., Here p. 1095.

Web links

Commons : Straßberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality