Oakland
| Oakland | |||
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| Nickname : Oaktown, Bump City, Sunny Side of the Bay, O-town, The O | |||
 Oakland skyline |
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 flag |
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| Location in California | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Foundation : | 1852 | ||
| State : | United States | ||
| State : | California | ||
| County : | Alameda County | ||
| Coordinates : | 37 ° 48 ′ N , 122 ° 16 ′ W | ||
| Time zone : | Pacific ( UTC − 8 / −7 ) | ||
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Inhabitants : - Metropolitan Area : |
420,005 (as of 2016) 4,679,166 (as of 2016) |
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| Population density : | 2,892.6 inhabitants per km 2 | ||
| Area : | 202.4 km 2 (approx. 78 mi 2 ) of which 145.2 km 2 (approx. 56 mi 2 ) are land |
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| Height : | 1 m | ||
| Postcodes : | 94601-94615, 94617-94624, 94649, 94659, 94660-94662, 94666 | ||
| Area code : | +1 510 | ||
| FIPS : | 06-53000 | ||
| GNIS ID : | 0277566 | ||
| Website : | www.oaklandnet.com | ||
| Mayor : | Libby Schaaf | ||
 Oakland, 1900 |
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The city of Oakland [ ˈoʊklənd ] in the US state of California on the east bank of the Bay of San Francisco , is the seat of the district administration of Alameda County . According to the last census in 2010, the city had 390,724 inhabitants (2016 estimate: approx. 420,000, US Census Bureau), making it the third largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan area after San José and San Francisco . The city was founded in 1852 and is still heavily industrialized today. Historically, the port and the railroad were important infrastructure hubs. Both attracted immigrants, so that the city's population has large proportions of minorities.
Oakland borders the city of Berkeley, known for its university , to the north . On the opposite bank is the metropolis of Northern California with San Francisco to the west .
Oakland is a location of the California College of the Arts , one of the world's most prestigious schools of art and design. The city is also the seat of the Diocese of Oakland .
Population development
| year | Residents¹ |
|---|---|
| 1980 | 339,337 |
| 1990 | 372.242 |
| 2000 | 399.334 |
| 2010 | 390.907 |
| 2016 | 420.005 |
¹ 1980–2010: census results; 2016: US Census Bureau estimate
Demographics
The working class town of Oakland has been known for its multicultural population for many decades. After Oakland had an almost exclusively white population until the Second World War , the White Flight started in Oakland, with a simultaneous influx of African Americans . There is no longer a clear ethnic majority in the city. According to the 2010 census, the population was 25.9 percent white and 28 percent African-American; 16.7 percent were of Asian origin (mostly Chinese) and 25.4 percent of the population were Hispanics , mostly Mexicans. The median income per household in 2015 was 54,618 US dollars . 20.4 percent of the population lived below the poverty line. Compared to neighboring San Francisco, the poverty rate in Oakland is significantly higher.
Culture and sights
architecture
Downtown Oakland is primarily home to a large number of well-preserved Art Deco buildings. The most famous are the Paramount Theater on Broadway (1931) or the Fox Theater (1928). In addition, the port pub Heinold's First and Last Chance is also worth mentioning, opened in 1883 and completely preserved in its original condition. It is on the National Register of Historic Places, as is the neoclassical Dunsmuir House and Gardens , built in 1899, and the African American Museum and Library at Oakland from 1901.
nightlife
There are a variety of bars and nightclubs in the city center. Jack London Square in particular, with its cinemas, restaurants and bars, is also popular at night. The musical range is enormous, with some punk rock , dance and especially jazz clubs being particularly popular .
Chinatown
Oakland's Chinatown is the city's Asian neighborhood. The main part of the inhabitants are Chinese , Japanese , Koreans and Filipinos , besides a variety of other ethnicities and nationalities live here. One of the most famous residents was certainly Bruce Lee , who lived here temporarily. The district is extremely colorful and particularly popular with fans of authentic Asian cuisine . In general, Oakland's Chinatown is often a valued alternative to the crowded Chinatown of San Francisco for tourists .
Sports
The Oakland Athletics are a major league baseball team that play at the RingCentral Coliseum . The games are broadcast by the local television station KICU, which is part of the FOX network, and the national sports channel FOX Sports. With the Oakland Raiders , a team from the National Football League (NFL) was based in Oakland from 1960 to 1981 and from 1995 to 2019 . The Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA) played from 1966 to 2019 with two short breaks in the Oakland Arena before the team moved back to San Francisco.
education
- California College of the Arts
- Holy Names University (formerly Holy Names College)
- Julia Morgan School for Girls
- Laney College
- Lincoln University
- Merritt College
- Mills College
- Oikos University
- Patten University
- Samuel Merritt College
- Oaksterdam University
additional
Other attractions in Oakland:
- The Chabot Space and Science Center with a planetarium and three large telescopes
- The Children's Fairyland (oldest amusement park in the United States for children)
- Lake Merritt , a lake close to the center, listed on the National Register of Historic Places , including the oldest bird sanctuary in North America, the Lake Merritt Garden Center, and a bonsai garden
- The USS Potomac , the former presidential yacht of the United States, now a museum ship
- The Oakland Museum of California
- The Oakland Zoo
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
Oakland-based companies include Kaiser Permanente , Clorox , Ask.com , Pandora, and Matson Navigation Company , Dreyer's, and Cost Plus, Inc.
traffic
The Port of Oakland , the largest of the four ports in the US and among the 20 largest one of the world's, the Oakland International Airport (OAK) directly affiliated. In addition to San Francisco International Airport (SFO), Oakland International Airport is the bay's second major airport, not least for freight traffic.
Oakland is also a major rail hub. Historically, Oakland was the western terminus of the first transcontinental railroad . Today long-distance traffic is handled at the station on 16. Straße. The S-Bahn of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) has been crossing under the bay since 1974 with a double-track tunnel, the Transbay Tube . Several lines branch out in the urban area, connecting the surrounding area (including Berkeley, Richmond, San Leandro). In the first half of the 19th century, the Key System emerged from the tram network and a few suburban railways, a kind of interurban tram that was bought up and shut down in 1958 despite the steadily increasing number of passengers. Part of the network ran parallel to the lines operated by BART since 1972. Today the rest of the local transport is handled by buses.
Interstate Highways 80 , 580 , 880 , and 980 , and California State Routes 13 , 24 , 123 , 185, and 260 run through Oakland . In addition, there is a dense urban road network.
To the west, Oakland has been linked to San Francisco by the two-story Bay Bridge since 1936 . The eastern section, between Treasure Island and the mainland near Oakland, is currently being replaced by a completely new construction. The construction work was finished in September 2013.
Current problems
crime
Oakland has had a steadily increasing crime rate for several years . There are currently around 150 street murders every year. This is not least due to the industrial character of the city, whose residents suffer disproportionately from the stagnating US economy due to a generally lower level of education than Silicon Valley in the south, San Francisco in the west or the university town of Berkeley in the north.
However, the crime rate in the individual districts is very different. Oakland West, the neighborhood between Interstate Highways 580 and 880, is a prime crime focus for capital crime, while downtown and other neighborhoods have a significantly lower crime rate.
In the summer of 2008, crime reached a new high point, manifested in 104 murders (as of the end of September) and, among other things, 25 robberies on restaurants within a month. These events gave the city, rather the particularly dangerous area between Highways 580 and 880, the reputation of a killing zone and many citizens are now loudly calling for tightened police controls and vigilante groups in order to prevent the everyday violence on the streets from escalating completely.
On March 21, 2009, the deadliest police shooting in California since the Newhall shooting in 1970 took place in Oakland : A convicted robber shot two police officers at a traffic stop and holed himself up in a house. When this was stormed, the perpetrator shot two SWAT officers and injured another before he was shot himself. Since the Oakland Police Department was founded in 1867, 52 officers have died while on duty, 34 of them from firearms.
On April 2, 2012, a 43-year-old Korean ran amok at Oikos University and shot seven people to death. The perpetrator, a former college student, surrendered an hour later in a supermarket.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
Famous citizens
- Henry Durant (1802–1875), Mayor from 1872 to 1875
- Anthony Chabot (1813–1888), businessman and entrepreneur; founded the Contra Costa Water Company in 1866 , which developed a monopoly on water supplies to Oakland and neighboring areas
- John R. Glascock (1845–1913), politician; Mayor of Oakland from 1887 to 1890
- Walter J. Mathews (1850-1947), architect; One of his most famous buildings is the First Unitarian Church of Oakland
- George Pardee (1857–1941), politician; Mayor of Oakland from 1876 to 1878
- Jack London (1876–1916), writer and journalist
- Jack Vance (1916-2013), writer
- Taswell Baird (1922-2002), jazz trombonist; lived in Oakland
- Sonny Barger (* 1938), founder of the Hells Angels Oakland
- Jerry Brown (born 1938), politician; Mayor of Oakland from 1999 to 2007
- Willie Brown (1940-2019), American football player; played as cornerback for the Oakland Raiders
- Khalil Shaheed (1949–2012), trumpeter; was primarily active in the Oakland jazz scene
- Spice 1 (born 1970), rapper
- Mike Dirnt (* 1972) and Tré Cool (* 1972), musicians of the punk rock band Green Day
- Daniel Wu (* 1974), Sino-American actor; attended the Head-Royce School in Oakland
- Daniel Alarcón (* 1977), American writer of Peruvian origin; lives in Oakland
- Kehlani Parrish (* 1995), R&B singer and songwriter; grew up in Oakland
- MC Hammer (* 1962), rapper from Oakland
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Oakland.htm
- ↑ US Census Bureau QuickFacts selected: Oakland city, California. Retrieved November 8, 2017 .
- ^ San Francisco Chronicle
Web links
- The city of Oakland website (English)
- Oakland Convention and Visitors Bureau (English)