Papenius (organ building family)

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The Papenius family (also Papenio , Latinized from Pape or Papen ) was a family of organ builders in central Germany . According to current research, over 30 organs have been built in three generations , of which about 20 have largely been preserved to this day.

Console of the organ built by Johann Adolarius Papenius in Hordorf (now in the St. Marien Church in Bad Belzig)

Effective range

The family's sphere of activity extended to the areas of the Harz Mountains , Northern Thuringia and Eastern Lower Saxony . The origin of the family can probably be found around Nordhausen am Harz. From around 1662 Georg Benedict Papenius († June 6, 1709 in Nordhausen) is listed there as an organ builder.

plant

St. Martini Church in Stolberg (Harz); the installation of the Papenius organ, the case of which has still been preserved, took over 30 years

First generation

Hardly any works by the founder of the dynasty Georg Benedict Papenius have survived or are known. It is only certain that around 1662 he owned an organ workshop in Nordhausen.

His verifiable children were:

  • Johann Conrad Papenius (* December 23, 1662 in Nordhausen; † December 15, 1733), married on July 8, 1690 to Maria Margaretha Trefort, was buried as "Senator",
  • Johann Georg Papenius (born July 28, 1668 in Nordhausen; † before 1745) continued his father's organ building workshop,
  • Adam Heinrich Papenius (* in Nordhausen), registered on January 7th, 1710 in the civil role of Nordhausen as "organ maker".

List of works

The size of the instruments is indicated in the fifth column by the number of manuals and the number of sounding registers in the sixth column. A capital “P” stands for an independent pedal , a lowercase “p” for an attached pedal. Italics indicate that the organ in question is no longer preserved.

year place building image Manuals register Remarks
1662 Bielen St. Martin and John Pictures of the organ → [1] II rebuilt several times, preserved; one of the oldest organs in Thuringia.
1680-1682 Dittichenrode St. Mary and Anna Church Reconstruction in 1699 by Benedict Papenius, dismantled in 1894, no old material was reused in the new organ.

Second generation

Organ building privilege for Johann Georg Papenius von Christian zu Sachsen-Weißenfels from 1720

Nothing more is known about Adam Heinrich Papenius , except that he is mentioned as an organ maker in 1710.

Johann Georg Papenius married Dorothea Elisabeth Maken in Kleinleinungen on June 30, 1691 and lived there for a long time. Five of his ten children were born here. In 1695 he built a small organ in the town's Sankt-Martini-Kirche, for which he received 16 Reichstaler in cash and three and a half acres of land on the Buchberg. In 1701 the family moved to Stolberg. As a house inscription shows, she lived there at Rittergasse 24. The church records attest to the continued growth of the family until 1711. In 1720, Johann Georg Papenius received the privilege from Christian zu Sachsen-Weißenfels in Sachsen-Querfurt and in Thuringian state Portion (probably the Weißenfels areas west of Querfurt are meant) to be allowed to build organs.

When and where Johann Georg Papenius died is not yet known. Only the death record of his widow gives an indication of a year of death before 1745; she was buried on February 7, 1745 in Stolberg.

His five small-scale children were:

  • May 23, 1692: Julius Heinrich Caspar (baptized June 30)
  • July 13, 1694: Anna Elisabeth (died the next day)
  • February 5, 1695: Margaretha Elisabetha
  • October 10, 1697: Johannes Adolarius (continued the organ building tradition)
  • January 7, 1700: Maria Elisabeth

In Stolberg were born:

  • February 1702: Johann Michael
  • 1704: daughter
  • November 5, 1707: Justus Heinrich (probably only worked in the workshop of Johannes Adolarius)
  • March 1, 1710: son (died shortly after birth)

List of works

year place building image Manuals register Remarks
1695 Small lines St. Martin I / P 6th First organ built by Johann Georg Papenius. Church was demolished before 1819 due to disrepair. The organ is lost.
after 1696 Pölsfeld St. Moritz Picture of the organ → [2] I / p 8th In 1728, Zacharias Hildebrandt rebuilt the organ using the four existing registers with additional registers without a pedal . Other changes were made later. The last repairs were carried out in 1982 by the Eule company from Bautzen.
1700 Large lines St. Michaelis I / P 13 The organ is no longer preserved.
1700 Kindelbrück Ortisei II / P 31
1701-1703 Stolberg St. Martini Picture of the organ → [3] II / P 28 The final acceptance of the organ was delayed for many years due to lack of money. On July 16, 1735, Johann Christian Credius accepted the organ remodeling . The case is preserved.
1703 Bösenrode St. Nicolai Picture of the housing → [4] I. preserved; Monument organ; z. Currently outsourced.
1707 Favored St. Petri-Pauli I. The organ is no longer preserved.
1708 Schlewecke Village church I. 9
1708 Oldis life St. Johannis 16 Church and organ demolished in 1908.
1713 Tilleda St. Salvator Picture of the organ → [5] II / P 18th The organ is a slider chest instrument in a baroque case with two manuals and 18 stops. The organ front was installed at the same time as the altar. A special feature is the register Vogelgeschrey .

Around 1820, the organ builder Scheidler from Bennungen partially rebuilt the instrument and renewed the bellows . The organ suffered from poor roof insulation for a long time and had not been playable since around 1970 until it was completely renovated in 1998. Almost 80% of all parts are still original in substance from 1713. During the restoration in 1998, the year 1713 was discovered in the organ case. A CD with works by Johann Sebastian Bach and Johann Ludwig Krebs was recorded on the organ in 2018 .

1718 Rossla St. Trinity II / P 34
1719 Nemsdorf St. George Picture of the organ → [6] II 22nd Remodeling in 1902 by Wilhelm Rühlmann ; only Papenius case received.
1722 Munch Saint Jacobi
1729 Nordhausen St. Nikolai III / P 42 Coupling : II / I, III / I, I / P, two stars . The church and organ were destroyed by an air raid on April 3, 1945. The prospectus was decorated with tendrils and baroque foliage, the figures of two timpani were above the pipe core, the figures of King David with a harp and his wife with a small kettledrum stood to the left and right of the keyboards. Putti and angels with lutes, trumpets and trumpets were part of the prospectus.

Third generation

Johann Adolarius Papenius (born October 10, 1697 in Kleinleinungen, † January 10, 1776 in Halberstadt ) is considered the most important representative of the organ building family. He learned the trade from his father Johann Georg Papenius and is traceable between 1737 and 1770. He probably worked in his father's workshop until 1738, the first mention of the repair in the church in Berßel from 1737–1739 .

He moved to Halberstadt around 1740 and had an organ workshop there. One of his last documented activities was the inventory of the Gröningen organ before it was moved to St. Martini's Church in Halberstadt in 1770 .

How many organs the Halberstadt-born man actually built and whether he had children is not known.

List of works

year place building image Manuals register Remarks
around 1738 Gatersleben St. Stephani II / P 27 Reconstruction of the organ by Adolf Reubke (1854) and Ernst Röver (1889); It is unclear whether parts of Papenius are still preserved.
1742 Roklum Marienkirche II / P 17th Article about planning the general overhaul from 2018 with picture of the organ → [7]
1742 Werlaburgdorf Village church II / P Slider chests. 1764 and 1775 repairs by unknown organ builder, 1812/1814 by Johann Friedrich Ernst Hüsemann (Wolfenbüttel), 1821 and later by Bernhard Berger (de la Rivoire) (Peine), 1875–1883 ​​by Georg Breust (Goslar); In 1886 Heinrich Vieth (Celle) rebuilt the organ.
1741/1742 Klein Quenstedt Village church Picture of the organ → [8] II / P 20th Description of the church and organ → [9] ; Documentation in 1989
1742-1745 Heteborn Village church I / P 16 The organ is no longer preserved.
1742-1745 Wedderstedt Village church II / P 16 The organ is no longer preserved.
1742-1745 Koenigerode St. Andrew I / P 16 The organ is no longer preserved.
1745 Danstedt St. Udalrici II / P 24 Prospectus with prospectus pipes preserved, 1886–1888 rebuilding of the organ by Friedrich Ladegast .
1746 Lochtum St. Mary II / P 17th possibly from Papenius.
1747 originally Hordorf St. Stephen Papenius organ Bad Belzig.jpg II / P 20th The organ was built from 1746 to 1747 for the village church in Hordorf near Oschersleben. On October 26th, 1748, Justus Heinrich Papenius acknowledged the receipt of 630 thalers in the name of his brother. In 1832 Wilhelm Boden from Halberstadt carried out a minor rescheduling. Probably in 1917 the prospect pipes were given for war purposes. In 1974 the company VEB Schuke Orgelbau from Potsdam removed the organ from the church in Hordorf, which was in danger of collapsing, and rebuilt it in the current Brandenburg Organ Museum in St. Marien (Bad Belzig) in the north transept. The original arrangement from 1747 was restored. The Principal 8 ′ prospect pipes were replaced and the Subbass 16 ′ wooden pipes, which had been damaged by the woodworm, were renewed using the cores. In 1979 the reconstructed and restored instrument was inaugurated again. In 2014 Schuke moved it onto a newly built platform and cleaned it.
1747-1748 City of Hadmersleben St. Stephen's Church II / P 18th
1748 Ströbeck Village church II / P 23 The organ is no longer preserved.
1750 Emersleben St. Petri II / P 26th Prospectus is received.
1751 Hedersleben St. Gertrudis Monastery II / P 20th The organ was taken over from the church of the (secularized) monastery in the monastery of Our Dear Women in Magdeburg in 1826 . Later dismantled or destroyed.
1750-1752 Dingelstedt St. Stephani Papelius Dingelstedt - 1.jpg II / P 27 Case probably by Papenius; 1880 new building through shell; 1917 Sale of pewter prospect pipes and replacement with zinc pipes; 2014/2015 restoration by organ builder Martin Lodahl (Dingelstedt) a. a. Installation of new prospect pipes made of tin.
1755 Adersleben Monastery St. Nicholas II / P 31 Slider chests; Reconstruction in 1872 by Wilhelm Bergen, Halberstadt.
1756 Aspenstedt St. Urbanii Papenius Aspenstedt.jpg II / P 15th Prospectus and prospectus pipes preserved, new building by Ernst Röver in 1901, renovation by Hüfken Orgelbau in the 1990s.
1756-1757 Badersleben St. Sixti
Papelius Badersleben 1757.jpg
 II / P 26th
1759 Rohrsheim Matthew and Mark Church II / P 26th Until 1792 it was expanded and maintained by Papenius' successor Johann Christoph Wiedemann .
1760 Huysburg monastery Papenius Huysburg.jpg II / P 27 The organ front with Rococo sculptures of angels playing music on a gallery with multiple curves and also carved at the bottom was made by the Halberstadt sculptor Joseph Bartholdi. Completed in 1761 by Johann Christoph Wiedemann. Badly damaged by improper restoration in the 19th century; Replaced in 1983 by the organ building company Eule from Bautzen with a new work with 27 registers. Housing is preserved.

Schoolchildren and other family members who were involved in organ building

Jesse organ in the Sylvestrikirche in Wernigerode
  • In 1742, Johannes Michael Papenius (probably the son of Johann Adolarius) from Halberstadt cleaned the organ of the St. Levin Church in Harbke , built by Gottfried Fritzsche and expanded by Christoph Treutmann , and changed the mood “... especially since the temperature depends on the age Kind of very impure, remedied the same and brought in a pure voice according to the current way ... "
  • Johann Christoph Mocker (t) (* after 1698; † 1770 in Roßleben ) was a journeyman at the high-prince organ builder H. Papenius (Adam Heinrich Papenius?) In Weißenfels and Stolberg in 1719.
  • Johann Christoph Wiedemann took over the workshop from Johann Adolarius Papenius around 1761.
  • Georg Christoph Jesse (1741–1795) built a. a. the two (preserved) organs in the St. Moritz Church in Halberstadt (1787) and in the St. Silvestri Church in Wernigerode (1790).
  • Johann Michael Schlesier (also known as 'Schlesinger' in literature) (1718–1788) had an organ workshop in Halberstadt.

Trivia

In 2018, the World Cup game Germany – Sweden , which was shown there on a screen, was accompanied by music on the Papenius organ in Bad Belzig's Marienkirche .

literature

  • Uwe Pape , Alfred Schirge: The organ building family Papenius and their students . Pape, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-921140-68-4 .
  • Uwe Pape: Lexicon of North German Organ Builders . tape 1 : Thuringia and the surrounding area . Pape, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-921140-86-4 , pp. 213-214 .

Web links

Commons : Organ builder family Papenius  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Pape: Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. 2009, p. 213.
  2. ↑ Article mentioning the organ
  3. ^ Pape: The organ builder family Papenius and their students , p. 97.
  4. ^ News about Papenius
  5. ^ Description of the church in Pölsfeld
  6. ↑ Article mentioning the organ
  7. ↑ Jakob Adlung : Musica Mechanica Organoedi. Birnstiel, Berlin 1768, p. 247.
  8. ↑ Uwe Pape, Alfred Schirge: The organ building family Papenius and their students. Pape, 2005, p. 58 ff.
  9. ^ Description of the Stolberg organ
  10. ^ Description of the church in Bösenrode
  11. ^ Report on organs to be restored in the southern Harz
  12. ↑ Manfred von Webern: For the 300th anniversary of the Schlewecker church. Schlewecke 2008.
  13. ^ Ernst Ludwig Gerber : New historical-biographical lexicon of the Tonkünstler. Volume 3, Kühnel, Leipzig, 1813, p. 652.
  14. ^ Description of the church in Roßla
  15. ↑ Information on the Tilleda Church
  16. ↑ Mention of the Papenius organ in Roßla
  17. ^ Reference to the Papenius organ in Nemsdorf from Orgelbau Rühlmann
  18. ^ Description of the church in Müelte
  19. ↑ https://www.praetorius-beckorgel.de/archivbericht.pdf Mention of Papenius' in the implementation of the Gröninger organ
  20. ^ Description of the Werlaburgdorf Church
  21. ↑ Michael Behrens: Documentation on the Papenius organ (1742) in Klein-Quenstedt near Halberstadt. History, existence, situation. In: Ars musica. Jb. Michaelstein Culture and Research Center, 1989, p. 89.
  22. ^ Description of the organ in Danstedt
  23. ↑ Harald Vogel, Volkhard Hofer: Organs in Lower Saxony. Hausschild, 1997, Bremen, p. 345.
  24. ^ Pape: The organ builder family Papenius and their students , p. 97.
  25. ^ Description of the history of the Magdeburg concert hall
  26. ^ Description of the organ in Dingelstedt
  27. ^ Description of the organ in Adersleben
  28. ^ Description of the organ in Aspenstedt
  29. ^ History of the Badersleben Church
  30. ^ Booklet of a CD with music by the Huysburg organ
  31. ^ Description of the organ in Harbke
  32. ↑ Mention of Papenius in connection with Mockert
  33. ^ Musical accompaniment to a World Cup game on a Papenius organ