Pechbrunn

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Pechbrunn
Pechbrunn
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Pechbrunn highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 58 '  N , 12 ° 10'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Palatinate
County : Tirschenreuth
Management Community : Mitterteich
Height : 560 m above sea level NHN
Area : 26.45 km 2
Residents: 1354 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 51 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 95701
Area code : 09231
License plate : TIR, KEM
Community key : 09 3 77 145
Community structure: 4 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Main street 12
95701 Pechbrunn
Website : www.pechbrunn.de
Mayor : Stephan Schübel ( CSU )
Location of the community of Pechbrunn in the Tirschenreuth district
Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Bayreuth Landkreis Neustadt an der Waldnaab Erbendorf Pullenreuth Kastl (bei Kemnath) Waldershof Kemnath Wiesau Waldsassen Tirschenreuth Reuth bei Erbendorf Plößberg Pechbrunn Neusorg Neualbenreuth Mitterteich Mähring Leonberg (Oberpfalz) Kulmain Krummennaab Konnersreuth Fuchsmühl Friedenfels Falkenberg (Oberpfalz) Ebnath Brand (Oberpfalz) Bärnau Immenreuth Tschechienmap
About this picture

Pechbrunn is a municipality in the Upper Palatinate district of Tirschenreuth and a member of the Mitterteich administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

The community is located on the northern foothills of the Steinwald Nature Park , surrounded by basalt knolls , roughly in the middle between Marktredwitz and Mitterteich . The nearby villages of Groschlattengrün and Pechbrunn are in the open, the rest of the municipality is largely forested.

The legendary Teichelberg (685 m) with forests and flora that has become rarer, such as woodruff and lily of the valley and sites for minerals, offers a view of the two districts of Pechbrunn and Groschlattengrün, whose historical traces as pitch ovens and fountains up to the middle of the 13th century in Nordgau ( Bavaria) are enough. The surrounding landscape belonged, with interruptions, from the middle of the 13th century to 1803, with a ministerial seat in today's village of Schlössl, to the extensive manorial rule of the nearby Waldsassen monastery ; the submissive residents shared its historical fate with devastation and religious changes.

Community structure

The political municipality of Pechbrunn consists of five districts, four of which are officially named districts (the location type ** is given in brackets ):

* Schlößl is not an officially named part of the municipality.

* Place types: Pfd = parish village , Kd = church village , W = hamlet , E = wasteland

history

Beginnings

The first settlers settled near the pitch furnace and the fountain in the forest in the 12th century. In 1237 Heinrich von Liebenstein received the area around the Teichelberg with the settlement of Grün, in 1289 he sold several settlements to the Waldsassen monastery. The village of Pechbrunn was founded around 1320; it initially had 97 residents and 13 houses.

Groschlattengrün was first mentioned in the 14th century. Initially belonging to the burgraviate of Nuremberg , the place became part of the Principality of Bayreuth for four centuries .

16th to 18th century

In the 16th century, six families were mentioned in a hall book of the Waldsassen monastery in Pechbrunn. Groschlattengrün, which came into the possession of a landlord with lower jurisdiction , formed an enclave in the Stiftland .

From 1556 to 1628, Pechbrunn and Schlössl were Protestant and reformed for three generations, when the Palatinate Elector Ottheinrich joined the Reformation in 1556 and his Principality of Electoral Palatinate accepted the Lutheran creed based on the Augsburg Imperial and Religious Peace of 1555. In 1628, Pechbrunn and the neighboring towns were re-Catholicized during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). The lordship of the Waldsassen monastery came through partial sales during the secularization to new owners. Margrave Georg the Pious introduced the Reformation to the Principality of Bayreuth in 1528. Groschlattengrün, which was part of his territory, remained Protestant.

After the end of the Thirty Years War, the village Pechbrunn belonged in the municipality Konnersreuth from 1661 until the secularization in Bavaria in 1803, with the abolition of monastic manorial system, the so-called Stiftland the monastery Waldsassen, the monastery was submissive and to control and compulsory labor obligation . Today's village of Schlössl, the former ministerial seat of the Waldsassen monastery, was bought as a manor to the Lords of Waldenfels (noble family) , a Franconian noble family .

Healing spring

In the middle of the 18th century, a healing spring was built in Pechbrunn, which was known as "with the fixes". In 1916 it received state recognition as a healing spring as the Silvana healing spring. The mineral water was sold by the Franken-Brunnen company until the early 1990s until the bottling plant in Pechbrunn in southern Germany was shut down. In the coat of arms of the village of Pechbrunn, it is shown at the bottom right, as seen by the observer, as a blue spring under a green fir tree in silver, accompanied on the left by the silver-colored staff of an abbot in red.

Basalt mining

The first basalt mining is documented for the year 1880. Since 1889, high-quality basalt has been mined on the Großer Teichelberg near Pechbrunn on an area leased by the Free State of Bavaria. The quarry was built by Staudt & Comp. opened up and taken over by Basaltwerk Groschlattengrün GmbH in 1926. As a result of the name change of the community, it was renamed Basaltwerk Pechbrunn GmbH in 1963.

Rail connection

On June 1, 1882, with the opening of the Wiesau – Marktredwitz gap on the Weiden – Oberkotzau line, a train station was opened. Since the small town was not administratively independent, it was given the name Groschlattengrün - like the post office. Until the turn of the century, the railway line was single-track, and the expansion to two tracks caused problems. The station was right next to the basalt structure, which could not be moved. On October 30 and 31, 1900, the station building was separated from its foundation, raised four centimeters and moved ten meters to the north. During this campaign, operations continued, including in the building, without any notable interruptions.

Pechbrunn community

As early as 1895 and 1897, the local dignitaries tried to get the royal district office in Tirschenreuth to form an independent political community in Pechbrunn, incorporating the basalt works property. The background was the fact that the ground on which the quarry was located belonged to Pechbrunn, the plant itself was in the middle of Pechbrunn, but on the ground in the town of Oberteich. As a result, social support payments had to be made for the workers of the Pechbrunn quarry, but the business tax flowed to Oberteich.

After 1918 the municipal administration and in 1916 the registry office were relocated to Pechbrunn. Although Pechbrunn had meanwhile become the largest place in the municipality, the municipality was still called Pechofen. On March 8, 1961, the local council finally decided to rename the building, which the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior carried out in a letter dated February 2, 1962. The post office was given its new name on March 1, 1962, and the train station on May 27th. The community consisted of seven districts.

The Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche has existed since 1913 . The Evangelical Peace Church has stood on a hill above the village since 1954.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1972, in the course of the municipal reform, the previously independent municipality of Groschlattengrün was incorporated into Pechbrunn. On May 1, 1978, the villages of Großbüchlberg, Kleinbüchlberg, Oberteich, and Pechofen came to Mitterteich .

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the population fell from 1,597 to 1,350, or by 15.5%.

politics

Municipal council

In the local elections in 2020, Stephan Schübel (CSU) was elected mayor with 55.89%.

The council is composed as follows:

  • CSU: 7 seats
  • SPD: 4 seats
  • Alliance 90 / The Greens: 1 seat

coat of arms

Blazon: “Split by red and silver; on the left a silver abbot's staff turned to the left, on the right a green fir tree from which a blue spring flows below. "

The coat of arms has been used since 1963.

Architectural monuments

Soil monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

Establishments

  • Open pit mine of the Basaltwerk Pechbrunn GmbH

traffic

Pechbrunn is on the Weiden – Oberkotzau railway line . Trains of the Upper Palatinate Railway stop at the station .

The A 93 crosses the municipality from northwest to southeast. The closest connection points are Mitterteich-Nord (AS 15) in the west and Pechbrunn (AS 16) in the east, both just outside of the municipality.

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Alois Cardinal Grillmeier SJ (1910–1998), son of a farmer in Pechbrunn and close relative of Therese Neumann , called Resl von Konnersreuth, through her mother Anna, née Grillmeier. He celebrated in 1937 in Pechbrunn in the Church today, Cardinal grill Meier site has its first Mass and came a few years before his death, again on a visit to Pechbrunn.

literature

Web links

Commons : Pechbrunn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Community Pechbrunn in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on May 25, 2020.
  3. ↑ Map of the Holy Roman Empire around 1400
  4. ↑ History at pechbrunn.de, accessed on March 12, 2016
  5. ↑ a b Michael Ernstberger: North Bavarian field and mine railways and the history of their operations . 1st edition. 2005, p. 8 .
  6. ↑ Michael Ernstberger: North Bavarian field and mine railways and the history of their operations , p. 9
  7. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 580 .