St. Erhard (Rainertshausen)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Erhard in Rainertshausen , a district of the market Pfeffenhausen in the Lower Bavarian district of Landshut , is the holy Erhard of Regensburg (Remembrance Day: January 8) consecrated a traveling bishop from the 8th century, mainly in Alsace and near Regensburg worked. Today he is the third diocesan patron of Regensburg, alongside the saints Wolfgang and Emmeram . Since 1991 the patronage festival has been celebrated again at the end of the Christmas season .
history
The predecessor of today's church was built in the 13th century as a Romanesque church. Rainertshausen was first mentioned in the 12th century when an Eberhard de Walde gave his property there to the Rohr monastery . Rainertshausen was its own parish very early on and even the seat of a deanery after the Thirty Years' War . In 1665, for example, a diocesan register describes the division of the archdeanate Donaustauf into the four deaneries Hemau , Schwandorf , Schierling and Rainertshausen. At that time, the parishes of Pfeffenhausen and Rottenburg an der Laaber belonged to the dean's office at Rainertshausen ; Today Rainertshausen is part of the Pfeffenhausen parish community and the Rottenburg deanery . In the early 18th century the church was rebuilt by the master mason Hans Widtmann from Pfeffenhausen, incorporating parts of the Romanesque church in the baroque style. The tower was raised in 1767 and received its curly dome . When the church was expanded in 1882, the puncture cap barrel in the nave and choir was probably replaced by the flat, suspended wooden ceiling. The last interior renovation was completed in 1998. In particular, the large painting on the cantilevered ceiling was redesigned by the church painter Franz Berg from Michelsneukirchen . The last exterior renovation took place in 2011 and 2012.
architecture
The parish church of St. Erhard is a stately baroque building that is unusually south-facing. The choir is not drawn in opposite the nave , so that the choir, which is closed on five sides of the octagon , is attached directly to the four-bay nave . The sacristy is built on the east side . In the rear part of the nave, the tower is built on the east side , which is extremely stately with a height of 45 meters for the rural area. The tower substructure, which still comes from the Romanesque church, is structured by round arches; The bell storey with beveled edges is built on top of this and is crowned by a curved hood. A baptistery is housed on the ground floor of the tower , the room was taken over from the previous church. The entrance to this chapel is under the organ loft , which rests on three arched arcades . On the side of the gallery parapet, the pilasters on which the former barrel vault rested can still be seen .
Furnishing
The altars of the parish church were built between 1735 and 1745 and can be assigned to the transition period between Baroque and Rococo . The high altar was purchased in 1736 for the stately sum of 685 guilders . The structure consists of a pair of curved columns, two round columns and two half-columns. The altar is decorated with elaborate shell work . On each side of the entablature there is a detailed carved angel figure ; in between the structure, which is also studded with columns and volutes and contains a painting of the coronation of Mary . At a central point - below the top picture and above the tabernacle - is the impressive altarpiece with a representation of the church patron Erhard. The two side figures in turn represent St. Erhard (left) and St. John Nepomuk (right).
The two side altars, which are constructed in the same way, are approximately at the height of the altar step and are set at a slight angle. The entablature is supported here by four pillars, the front pair being twisted. On the entablature there are again angels and volutes, which lead to the essay with two winding pillars. On the altarpiece of the left side altar, which was made by the Landshut painter Mathias Daburger in 1746, the martyrdom of St. Erasmus is shown; in the upper picture Saint Joseph . The right side altar shows a more recent depiction of Mary with the baby Jesus on the main picture , which replaced the original picture of Saints Catherine and Barbara for unknown reasons; St. Anthony of Padua can be seen on the upper picture . On the east wall of the nave there is a side altar with a structure adorned by two columns, which dates from the middle of the 18th century. Instead of an altar sheet, a wooden crucifix can be seen, on the cafeteria there is a gold-plated figure of Mater Dolorosa, around 80 centimeters high . The fallen soldiers of the First World War from the parish of Rainertshausen are listed on a board .
On the east side of the nave is the pulpit , which was built between 1750 and 1760, during the heyday of the Rococo . On the curved body you can see three painted wooden reliefs depicting the winemaker, the sower and the good shepherd. The four putti on the edge of the sound cover symbolize the four continents known at the time of its creation, Europe, Asia, Africa and America. There are also allegorical representations of faith ( monstrance ), hope (anchor) and love (heart). A trumpet angel with a tablet of the Law of the Ten Commandments also stands slightly raised on the sound cover . The baptistery is adorned by a small baroque altar from around 1700. Four columns carry delicate beams on which a triangle surrounded by a halo rests, a symbol of the Holy Trinity . A small portrait of the Virgin Mary can be seen in a rococo frame. Also located in this chapel, the oldest piece of the church: the already highly weathered red marble - baptismal font , which probably dates from the time of the Roman church from the 13th century. On the lid of the approximately one meter high stone is a baroque group of figures depicting the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan .
The ceiling painting, which was newly made in the 1990s, takes up numerous themes that are depicted on the altars and pulpit and harmonizes well with the other church furnishings in terms of color . Various motifs crystallize out of blurred colors. For example, the apotheosis , i.e. the ascension of the church patron Erhard, is shown in the center. Further motifs are, for example: the tree serving as a "ladder to heaven", which is supposed to illustrate the connection between heaven and earth; the resurrection scene above the right side altar, in which angels bring people to God in heaven ; the people who turn away from God, symbolizing sin and damnation, in the back of the nave; the angel of the trumpets, who is also depicted on the sound cover of the pulpit; the dove as a symbol of the Holy Spirit .
organ
The first organ was built around 1765 by Johann Peter Plersch from Straubing in a rococo brochure that has been preserved to this day. In 1922 Michael Weise from Plattling installed a new organ with a total of 15 stops on two manuals and a pedal . This was rebuilt around 1950 and added a register. The pneumatic cone-loading instrument today has the following disposition :
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- Coupling : II / I, II / P, I / P, Sub II / I
Bells
The parish church of St. Erhard has a five-part bell with the tone sequence d 1 –f sharp 1 –a 1 –h 1 –c sharp 2 . The fis 1 bell was cast in 1908 by the brothers Rupert and Rudolf Oberascher from Munich . The remaining bells were made by Karl Czudnochowsky from Erding in 1950.
Others
Below the church in the valley of the Große Laber is the Erhardikapelle, a small, massive gable roof, which is marked with the year 1835. On the east side above the entrance there is a small cantilevered roof turret with an onion dome. Inside, two altars can be seen, on the left the Marien Altar with a figure of the Patrona Bavariae , on the right the Erhard Altar with a figure of the Rainertshausen church patron. There is only one copy of the latter figure, as the original was stolen in the 1960s. A plaque from 1777 says that St. Erhard is said to have dug a well here with his own hands, from which healing water gushed. In the old days the farmers are said to have brought them from the area to protect their cattle against diseases. There is still a fountain in the Erhardi Chapel today, the water of which is also said to help against eye diseases .
Since 1991, the church patronage in Rainertshausen has been celebrated again with a festival weekend. This revived an old custom that has since found many enthusiastic followers. In addition to several church services with the blessing of the Erhardi water, which is supposed to help against cattle epidemics and eye diseases, and the "Erhardi tent", small pieces of cake for humans and animals, the so-called Erhardi tour with horse blessing is now taking place again.
literature
- Kath. Pfarramt Pfeffenhausen (Ed.): A guide for the churches of the parish community Pfeffenhausen-Niederhornbach-Pfaffendorf-Rainertshausen . Self-published, Pfeffenhausen 2013.
Web links
- Internet presence of the parish community Pfeffenhausen
- Parish church St. Erhard in Rainertshausen on kirchturm.net
- Twelve bells of the Bavarian Broadcasting Corporation on January 10, 2016 from the parish church of St. Erhard in Rainertshausen
Individual evidence
- ↑ A guide for the churches of the Pfeffenhausen-Niederhornbach-Pfaffendorf-Rainertshausen parish community , pp. 46–48.
- ↑ Churches and chapels of the homeland - Rainertshausen . Online at kirchturm.net. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d A guide for the churches of the Pfeffenhausen-Niederhornbach-Pfaffendorf-Rainertshausen parish community , pp. 48–52.
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online
- ↑ RAINERTSHAUSEN (LA), parish church St. Erhard - full bell . Online at www.youtube.com. Retrieved October 16, 2016.
- ↑ A guide for the churches of the Pfeffenhausen-Niederhornbach-Pfaffendorf-Rainertshausen parish community , p. 53.
- ↑ Twelve tails of the Bavarian Broadcasting Corporation from January 10, 2016 from the parish church of St. Erhard in Rainertshausen . Online at www.br.de. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
Coordinates: 48 ° 37 ′ 47.6 " N , 11 ° 54 ′ 28.2" E